JPH05192011A - Coated seed and its production - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain coated seeds by using a new coating material with water absorbing and retaining ability leading to improved germination rate. CONSTITUTION:The objective seeds can be obtained by coating the original seeds with a coating material containing 10-30wt.% of calcium silicate. The other ingredient(s) for the coating material is at least one kind of substance selected from volcanic ash, talc, silica, and powdery sphagnum moss, etc., each of which has been conventionally used.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a coated seed and a method for producing the same. More specifically, it relates to seeds coated with a novel coating powder material for coated seeds and a method for producing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In sowing by a sowing machine, in order to sow accurately at a set interval, the seeds must have a uniform size. Need to be coated to the diameter. Conventionally, as a method for producing coated seeds, there is known a method in which a powdered material such as volcanic ash and talc and an aqueous solution of a water-soluble binder such as gum arabic and gelatin are applied on a rotating pan and the seeds are alternately applied to the seeds. There is.

As described above, conventionally, by coating seeds, the handling thereof is facilitated, and the seeding precision is greatly improved in machine seeding as compared with bare seeds, so that wasted seeds can be saved and thinning work is performed. It also contributes to labor saving in agricultural work. In addition, since the strains are evenly distributed, it is also useful for increasing the yield and quality of the harvest. Moisture, air and the like are required for the seeded coated seeds to germinate, and the coating seed film is required to have air permeability, appropriate water retention and disintegration. Germination occurs only after all of these conditions are satisfied at the same time.

[0004]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] For seeds with strong germination ability such as sugar beet seeds, by applying a seed coating intended for mechanical sowing, even if the moisture and aeration conditions deteriorate to some extent, they are usually viable due to their vitality. In many cases, a sufficient germination rate can be secured even by using the coating material used for the coated seed. However, coating of vegetable seeds such as carrots, onions, and lettuce, which are seeds having a weak germination ability, often causes a decrease in germination rate and germination force.

Further, if a coating material having poor water absorption is used, the water necessary for germination is not supplied to the seeds, and the germination rate deteriorates. Further, when a coating material having poor air permeability is used, oxygen necessary for germination is not supplied, and the germination rate deteriorates. Therefore, the coating material needs to have good water absorption and good air permeability. Therefore, the present invention has an object to provide a coated seed using a novel material having good water absorption and air permeability as a coating material for seed coating, resulting in improved germination rate, and a method for producing the same. To do.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems]
For the purpose of the present invention, the calcium silicate is 10 to 30 weight.
% Of coating powder material to coat seeds
It is something. Calcium silicate used in the present invention
Can use various calcium silicates
It Its general form is CaSiO₃, Ca₂Si
O_Four, Ca ₃SiO_FiveAnd various proportions of water of crystallization
have. This calcium silicate powder is expensive
It has a water absorption rate and can contain up to about 75% by weight of liquid.
It is possible to flow freely even with such a high content of water.
The unique property of being able to maintain a dynamic powder form
Have

In the present invention, the calcium silicate is used in an amount of 10 to 30 out of all powder materials for coating.
The reason why the content of calcium silicate is about 10% by weight or less is that the water absorption is poor when the content of calcium silicate is 10% by weight or less, and thus the germination rate is poor, and when it is 30% by weight or more, the air permeability is impaired and the germination rate is poor. is there. In order to fully exert the characteristics of the present invention, the content of calcium silicate is preferably about 20% by weight. Further, it is preferable that the powder material for other coating is uniformly mixed.

As the other coating materials usable in the present invention, various known or novel coating materials can be used. For example, one or more kinds of volcanic ash, talc, clay, silica, powdery slag, etc., which are commonly used for seed coating, can be appropriately combined and used. As the volcanic ash, the volcanic ash produced in Memanbetsu-cho, Hokkaido, and / or the volcanic ash produced in Atsuma-cho, Hokkaido can be preferably used. These volcanic ashes have about 70% by weight of silicon dioxide and about 13% by weight of aluminum oxide as main components, have good air permeability, and are used for the purpose of imparting air permeability to the coating film. ..

As the white clay, Biei white clay (trade name: manufactured by Biei Shirato Kogyo Co., Ltd.), which is white clay produced in Biei-cho, Hokkaido, can be preferably used. This Biei white clay belongs to unaltered rhyolite agglomerates and is called volcanic glassy white clay. This Biei clay belongs to a kind of the above-mentioned volcanic ash, and like the above-mentioned volcanic ash, it has about 70% by weight of silicon dioxide and about 13% by weight of aluminum oxide as main components, and has air permeability, water retention, water absorbability, etc. It is used in the same way as volcanic ash because it shows good properties.

As talc, commercially available talc is used. Amorphous silica is preferably used as silica. The purpose of using this silica is to harden the coating film, and in particular to prevent the coated seeds from being easily destroyed during mechanical sowing. In addition, amorphous silica has a high water absorption and has an action of supplying water to seeds to promote germination.

Also, the water is dried to a water content of less than 1%, and 1
A powdery drainage crushed to 00 mesh or less is used.
This water sink contains a large amount of air in the powder itself, and is added for the purpose of improving air permeability. Known binders can be used as the binder added to the seed coating powder material. For example, a binder such as gum arabic or gelatin can be preferably used.

The method for producing coated seeds of the present invention will be described below. For example, put the seeds in the pan of the granulator,
By spraying a water-soluble binder such as gum arabic or gelatin on the surface of the seed while rotating the bread, and then throwing in the coating powder, the binder and the coating powder are alternately supplied repeatedly. Coating seeds with a coating powder material containing calcium silicate.

Although the reason why the germination rate is improved by the method of the present invention is not clear, as described above, the moisture absorption of the calcium silicate powder showing free flowability even though it can contain as much as 75% by weight of liquid. It is considered that the hygroscopicity and the air permeability are improved by the high property and the moisturizing property and the air voids trapped in the porous powder particles.

[0014]

Example 1 As a powder material for seed coating, 20% by weight of Microcell-C (trade name: manufactured by Johns Mavier Co., Ltd.) having a particle size of 3.4 μm as calcium silicate and 100% by weight of the whole as volcanic ash Volcanic ash produced in Memanbetsu, Hokkaido (68.6% by weight of silicon dioxide, 13.3% by weight of aluminum oxide, other 18.1
% By weight, pH 7.4, specific gravity (coarse) 0.88 g / cc, specific gravity (dense) 1.120 g / cc, particle size distribution: 100-20
0 mesh-15.19%, 200-325 mesh-
20% by weight of 40.65%, 325 mesh or less-41.59%), 20% by weight of Biei white clay (trade name: manufactured by Biei Shirato Kogyo Co., Ltd.), which is white clay produced in Biei-cho, Hokkaido, as talc Talc C-150 with diameter 5 ± 1μm
20% by weight (trade name: manufactured by Asada Flour Milling Co., Ltd.) as amorphous silica, Tokusil GU (trade name: manufactured by Tokuyama Soda Co., Ltd.,
White powder, 200 mesh sieve residue 2% or less, specific surface area 1
20 wt% of 100 to 170 m ² / g and bulk specific gravity of 0.10 to 0.15) is prepared and mixed well.

Q4 as a disk rotating type coating device
Using type 00 (manufactured by Fuji Powdernel Co.), 25 g of carrot seeds were put into a circular coating pan of this apparatus and rolled, while gum arabic (7% by weight) and gelatin (400 wt. 1% by weight)
The seeds were coated by spraying 200 cc of the above aqueous solution with a nozzle having a diameter of 0.5 mm at a spraying pressure of 2 kg / cm ² .

A coating film is gradually formed on the seed,
When the size of the coated seed reaches 3.5 mm, the rotation is continued for several minutes, then the rotation is stopped and the seed is taken out. This coated seed was dried at 20 ° C. for 40 minutes to give a coated seed product. The coated seeds obtained were subjected to a germination test on moist filter paper. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[Comparative Example 1] 25 g of the same carrot seed as in Example 1 was prepared. The coating powder material is 25% by weight of volcanic ash from Memanbetsu, Hokkaido, which is a material obtained by removing calcium silicate from the coating powder material of Example 1, 25% by weight of Biei clay from Hokkaido, and talc. A mixture of 25% by weight of C-150 and 25% by weight of Tokusil GU was used. Using 400 g of this powder material for coating, carrot was coated under the same conditions as in Example 1. The germination test of the coated seed obtained in Comparative Example 1 is shown in Table 1 below.

[0018]

[Table 1]

As can be seen from Table 1, the coated seed of the present invention using the coating powder material containing calcium silicate has a high germination rate. Moreover, no abnormalities were observed in the growth state, which was good.

[0020]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION By using calcium silicate as a coating powder material having good water absorption and water retention and having no adverse effect on air permeability, it is possible to provide a coated seed having an improved germination rate.

Continuation of the front page (72) Tomoyuki Takahashi, 1st Nishi, Memanbetsu-cho, Abashiri-gun, Hokkaido 1-chome, Hokuren Agricultural Cooperative Federation, Memanbetsu Seed Factory (72) Masashio Fujiwara 1st Nishi, Memanbetsu-cho, Abashiri-gun, Hokkaido Chome Hokuren Agricultural Cooperative Federation, Memanbetsu Seed Factory (72) Inventor Shuichi Takada 1-3 Chuo-ku Kita-ku, Nishi 1-chome, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido Hokuren Agricultural Cooperative Federation

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A method for producing a coated seed, which comprises coating the seed with a powder material for coating containing 10 to 30% by weight of calcium silicate. 2. A coated seed produced by the method for producing a coated seed according to claim 1.