JPH05187034A - Sieve bucket - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To conduct excavation work and sieve work efficiently at the same time by vibrating an inner frame body installed into a bucket body through a cushioning material by a vibrating body such as a vibrovibrating body. CONSTITUTION:An inner frame body 3 housed into a bucket body 2 with at least both side walls, and penetrating sections are distributed and formed to the lower section, etc., of the circumferential wall of the inner frame body 3. A cushioning material such as a vibration-proof rubber is disposed between the internal surface of the side wall of the bucket body 2 and the external wall of the inner frame body 3. A vibrovibrating body 6 rotating a pair of shafts with eccentric weights in the opposite direction is installed on the outside of the upper wall or the rear of the circumferential wall of the inner frame body 3. A cylinder vibrating body alternately changing over electromagnetic changeover valves by electrically generated pulses and vibrating a piston may also be mounted in place of the vibrovibrating body 6. The inner frame body 3 is vibrated in the bucket body 2 by the vibrating body 6, and the sieve operation of a substance to be excavated is conducted.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sieving bucket capable of performing an excavation work and a sieving work at the same time. ..

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A hydraulic power shovel equipped with a bucket has excellent portability and is used in many civil engineering sites. Although ordinary buckets are convenient for excavating work, it is impossible to perform sieving operation with them.If you need to separate sand and gravel at the work site, use a separate sieving machine. The work efficiency is very poor because it is pulled to the work site.

Therefore, there is a skeleton bucket that can perform both excavation work and sieving work at the same time, and the entire peripheral wall of the bucket penetrates in a lattice shape. In order to perform a sieving operation with this bucket, it is necessary to rock the bucket by a link operation of a power shovel, and this rocking causes small sand or debris to drop through the lattice of the bucket peripheral wall.

[0004]

Since the skeleton bucket operates the links in the operator's cab of the power shovel each time to swing the skeleton bucket, the burden on the operator is great, and the load on the shovel itself is large, and the malfunction easily occurs. Become. Also,
Even if the entire peripheral wall of the skeleton bucket penetrates in a lattice pattern, the number of times the bucket is rocked cannot be increased so much that the sieving effect is small, and the rate of trapping small sand or debris during excavation work with the bucket is also poor.

As an attachment of a power shovel, there is a vibrating and sieving machine mounted on the tip of an arm and a bucket link. In this sieving machine, the rotation of the installed hydraulic motor is transmitted to a sieving net through an eccentric crank, thereby swinging the net back and forth. This sieving machine has a low sieving efficiency because the net movement of the sieving machine is relatively small, and the sieving machine cannot perform excavation work at all.

The present invention has been proposed in order to further improve a conventional skeleton bucket or a vibrating sieving machine, and an object thereof is to provide a sieving bucket capable of efficiently performing excavation work and sieving work at the same time. There is. Another object of the present invention is to provide a sieving bucket having a good rate of catching small sand and debris when excavating with a bucket.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, a sieving bucket 1 according to the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, has a bucket body 2 in which penetrating portions are formed by distribution at least in the lower portion of the peripheral wall. And an inner frame body 3 that is housed in the bucket body and that has penetrating portions distributedly formed in the lower portion of the peripheral wall and the like as in the bucket body. As a mode of distributing and forming the penetrating portion, a lattice shape is illustrated in FIG. 3, but a circular shape which is not substantially a lattice shape or a mode in which a reinforcing rib is provided on the rear side may be used.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10 and FIG.
In the bucket 50, as long as the penetrating portion is distributed and formed at least in the lower portion of the peripheral wall of the inner frame body 51, the bucket main body 52 may have only the both side walls and the bracket. In the bucket 50, since the lower peripheral wall portion does not exist in the bucket main body 52, it is necessary to appropriately connect the both side walls to each other so that the both side walls of the bucket main body 52 are not deformed by the vibration of the inner frame body 51.

The vibration of the inner frame body 3 used in the present invention is performed by, for example, a vibro vibrating body 6 that rotates a pair of shafts 5 and 5 having eccentric weights 4 (FIG. 5) in opposite directions. The body may have only one eccentric weight. Instead of the vibro oscillating body 6, a cylinder oscillating body 7 having a hydraulic self-excited oscillation circuit as illustrated in FIG. 7 may be used, and the oscillating body uses an electromagnetic wave generated by a pulse generated electrically. The switching valve 8 is alternately switched to vibrate the piston 10 of the cylinder 9. In the cylinder exciter 7, it is possible to easily change the vibration mode of the electromagnetic switching valve 8 by shaping the electric signal waveform.

In order to vibrate only the inner frame body 3 back and forth or left and right, a cushioning material is installed between the inner wall surface of the bucket body 2 and the outer wall surface of the inner frame body 3. Alternatively, it is a compression coil spring or a leaf spring. The location of the cushioning material is, for example, both side walls of the bucket body 2 in the case of front-back vibration (see FIG. 3), and the bucket body 2 in the case of left-right vibration.
It is also possible to install between the brackets 16 and 16 and the vibrating body 6 at both ends of the rear peripheral wall (see FIG. 8) or the upper wall.

If it is difficult to hold the loaded inner frame body 3 in space with only one of the vibration-damping rubbers 11, 11, it is 2
They may be installed individually (see FIG. 10), or separate cushioning materials may be supplementarily dispersed and added between the inner peripheral wall of the bucket body 2 and the outer peripheral wall of the inner frame body 3. Further, when a load is applied to the inner frame body 3, the friction resistance does not increase even if the inner side wall of the bucket body 2 and the outer side wall of the inner frame body 3 come into contact with each other. Protrusions (not shown) may be appropriately dispersed and formed below the outer wall of the inner frame 3.

As is apparent from FIG. 4, in the rest position of the inner frame body 3, the lattice 12 (FIG. 3) of the inner frame body 3 moves up and down so as to completely or partially close the penetration portion 13 of the bucket body 2. If they are alternately arranged, the excavation object 14 (see FIG. 2) hardly passes through the bucket body 2 during excavation work. On the other hand, in the bucket 50 shown in FIG. 10, although a small amount of sand or debris may pass through the inner frame body 50, excavation work can be performed.

[0013]

The sieving bucket 1 of the present invention can perform excavation work substantially similar to an ordinary bucket, and at the same time, the oscillating body 6 vibrates the inner frame body 3 to perform sieving operation on the object to be excavated 14 arbitrarily. Can be done. At this time, when the inner frame body 3 is vibrated, the vibration transmitted to the brackets 16 and 16 is buffered by the cushioning material such as the rubber cushions 11 and 11, so that the load on the excavator itself is relatively small. The occurrence of failures is reduced.

In the sieving operation by the vibration of the inner frame body 3, the size of the excavation object 14 to be passed and selected can be set by the dimensions of the penetrating portions 13 and 15 of the bucket body 2 and the inner frame body 3 or the oscillating stroke. To change the selection of the excavated object 14, the size of the penetrating portion 15 can be changed by exchanging the inner frame body 3, or the left and right positions of the bucket body 2 and the inner frame body 3 can be shifted to change the passing gap between the penetrating portions 13 and 15. Good.

Using the bucket 50 shown in FIG. 10,
Even if a small amount of sand or debris to be excavated falls, excavation work is possible, and the burden on the operator during sieving is small. In the bucket 50, since only the inner frame body 51 has the peripheral wall having the penetrating portion formed therein, the selection range of the shape and the size of the penetrating portion can be easily changed, and the bucket suitable for the soil quality of the excavation site can be selected. It's easy to do.

[0016]

EXAMPLES Next, the present invention will be described based on examples. A sieving bucket 1 according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, has a similar appearance to a normal bucket, and is a box having a single-sided opening. It is composed of a bucket body 2 of a mold and an inner frame body 3 which is smaller than the bucket body and is housed in the bucket body.
As shown in FIG. 2, the pair of brackets 16 fixed to the upper center of the bucket body 2 includes an arm tip portion 18 of a known self-propelled truck such as a power shovel 17 or a backhoe.
And the bucket link 19 is pivotally attached.

As shown in FIG. 4, a large number of rectangular penetrating portions 13 are arranged in a distributed manner by forming a predetermined lattice 20 in the lower portion and the intermediate portion of the peripheral wall of the bucket body 2. Further, by forming the same lattice 12 at a position shifted from the lattice 20 of the bucket body 2 in the lower portion and the intermediate portion of the peripheral wall of the inner frame body 3, a large number of rectangular penetrating portions are formed at plane positions different from the penetrating portion 13. 15 are distributed (see FIG. 3).

The anti-vibration rubbers 11, 11 are the bucket body 2
One is disposed between the inner wall of the inner frame 3 and the outer wall of the inner frame 3, and the anti-vibration rubber is usually made of natural rubber and is provided between the two support plates (see FIG. 24 in FIG. 1). Bond with vulcanizing adhesive. The anti-vibration rubber 11 is inserted into a side wall through hole (not shown) of the bucket body 2, one support plate (not shown) is fixed to the outer wall of the inner frame body 3, and the other support plate 24 (FIG. 1). Can be bolted to the side wall of the bucket body 2. A portion where the anti-vibration rubber 11 is installed, that is, a gap between the inner side wall of the bucket body 2 and the outer side wall of the inner frame body 3 is detachably fixed to the front surfaces of both side walls of the bucket body 2.
Cover with 5,25 to prevent sand and debris from entering this area.

Further, a horizontally long shield plate 26 is also obliquely attached to the lower front end portion of the bucket body 2, and the lower front end portion of the inner frame body 3 is inserted between the shield plate and the lower inner wall surface of the bucket body 2. Therefore, it is preferable to prevent sand or debris from entering between the lower inner wall of the bucket body 2 and the lower outer wall of the inner frame body 3.

A notch 27 is provided in the upper wall of the bucket body 2 between the brackets 16 and 16, and the vibro vibrating body 6 fixed to the outer center of the upper wall of the inner frame 3 is located in this portion. The vibro vibrating body 6 has a hydraulic motor 30 (FIG. 3) for rotating the shaft 5, and the eccentric weight 4 is attached to the shaft.
Install it in the opposite direction as shown in. As shown in FIG. 5, in the vibro vibrating body 6, a pair of shafts 5 and 5 each having an eccentric weight 4 are attached rotatably at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the inner frame body 3, and both shafts are gears (illustrated). No) to rotate in the opposite direction synchronously.

The sieve bucket 1 of the present invention includes an inner frame 3
When stopped, the excavation work can be performed almost like a normal bucket. In this case, the penetrating portion 13 of the bucket body 2 and the penetrating portion 15 of the inner frame body 3 have the lattices 12, 2
Since the interval is narrow at 0, the catching rate is good even for relatively small sands and debris.

When the motor 30 of the vibro vibrating body 6 is rotated, the eccentric weights 4 and 4 rotate in the opposite directions.
In (1), rightward swinging and in Fig. 6 (3) leftward swinging occur, and in Fig. 6 (2) and (4), the eccentric weight 4,
Since the vibrations are canceled out because 4 is in the opposite position, the vibrating vibrator 6 vibrates the inner frame 3 back and forth (accompanied by a diagonal vibration due to the axial distance), and the sieving work of the object to be excavated 14 is performed. Can be done easily.

A cylinder oscillating body 7 as shown in FIG. 7 may be used for the vibration of the inner frame body 3. The cylinder 9 of the oscillating body is installed in the bucket body 2, and the tip portion of the piston 10 is installed. Is attached to the inner frame 3. Although the hydraulic cylinder 9 is a single-acting cylinder with a spring in the drawing, a double-acting cylinder or a double rod cylinder may be selected depending on the vibration frequency.

In the cylinder vibrating body 7, the pulse generating mechanism 31 electrically generates a pulse, and the electromagnetic switching valve 8 is alternately switched by the pulse to vibrate the piston 10 of the cylinder 9. As the electromagnetic switching valve 8, various electromagnetically controlled directional control valves can be used.
An electromagnetic switching valve at the port 2 position is used. Further, a manual switching valve or the like may be installed between the switching valve 8 and the pump 33 or the tank 36.

When the electromagnetic switching valve 8 is in the normal left position 32, the switching valve shuts off the pump 33 and the oil chamber 34 of the cylinder 9 communicates with the tank 36. By driving the electromagnetic driver 39 at the rising edge of the generated pulse, the high-pressure oil of the pump 33 flows into the oil chamber 34 via the switching valve 8 in the right position 37, and the piston 10 advances. When the generated pulse falls, the electromagnetic driver 39 is shut off,
As a result, the switching valve 8 returns to the left position 32, and the piston 1
0 is retracted by the elasticity of the spring 40.

In the cylinder oscillating body 7, the pulse generation mechanism 31 can electrically change the pulse oscillation frequency easily, so that the vibration of the piston 10 can be increased and the selection of the excavation object 14 can be promoted. Further, by exchanging the spring 40 in the cylinder 9, the stroke of the vibration exciter 7 can be relatively easily increased or decreased, so that the size of the excavation object 14 to be passed and selected can be selected.

A modified example of the present invention is shown in FIG. 8 and FIG.
The same drawing numbers are used for the same members as in FIGS. 1 and 3 for the sieve bucket 45. Sieve bucket 45
Has a box-shaped bucket body 2 that is a single-sided opening, and an inner frame body 3 that is smaller than the bucket body and is housed in the bucket body, and a pair of brackets 16 is fixed to the upper center of the bucket body 2. ..

By forming a lattice in the lower portion of the peripheral wall of the bucket body 2, the penetrating portions 15 are distributed and arranged. Similar to the bucket body 2, a predetermined lattice 12 is formed on the lower portion and the middle portion of the peripheral wall of the inner frame body 3. As is clear from FIG. 9, in the stationary position of the inner frame body 3, the grid 12 of the inner frame body 3 is formed.
Are arranged so as to close the rectangular penetrating portion of the bucket body 2.

As shown by the dotted line in FIG. 8, anti-vibration rubbers 46 are installed at both ends between the rear inner wall of the bucket body 2 and the rear outer wall of the inner frame 3, and the anti-vibration rubbers are usually made of natural rubber. Is. The anti-vibration rubber 46 is inserted into a rear wall through hole (not shown) of the bucket body 2, one support plate of the rubber is fixed to the outer wall of the inner frame body 3, and the other support plate is attached to the bucket body 2. Bolt to the side wall. Further, the gap between the inner peripheral wall of the bucket body 2 and the outer peripheral wall of the inner frame body 3 is covered with the shield plates 25, 25 detachably fixed to the front surface of the side wall of the bucket body 2.

A notch is provided in the upper wall of the bucket body 2 between the brackets 16 and 16, and a vibro vibrating body 47 fixed to the outer center of the upper wall of the inner frame body 3 is provided in this portion.
Is located. The vibro-oscillating body 47 has the same structure as the vibro-oscillating body 6 shown in FIG. 1, but the vibro-oscillating body 6 is installed in a state of being rotated 90 degrees in the horizontal direction.

The sieving bucket 45 can perform excavation work like a normal bucket when the inner frame body 3 is stopped. In this case, since the penetrating portion of the bucket body 2 and the penetrating portion 15 of the inner frame body 3 are almost completely closed by the lattices of both, the trapping rate of small sand and debris is further improved.

In addition, the motor 30 of the vibro vibrator 47
When is rotated, the inner frame body 3 can be vibrated to the left and right in accordance with the rotation of the eccentric weights 4 and 4 in the opposite direction, and the sieving work of the excavated object can be easily performed.

Another modification of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 10 and 11.
The sieve bucket 50 shown in FIG.
A bucket body 52 having 3, 53 and a box-shaped inner frame body 51 having a size smaller than an inner dimension between both side walls of the bucket body are provided. A pair of brackets 55 fixed to the center of the upper wall 54 of the bucket body 52 are pivotally mounted with the arm tip portion of the known self-propelled carriage and the bucket link (see FIG. 2). A notch 56 is provided on the upper wall of the bucket body 52 between the brackets 55, 55, and a vibrating body 57 fixed to the outer center of the upper wall of the inner frame 51 is located at this portion.

As shown in FIG. 11, the bucket body 52
Has only side walls 53, 53 and a bracket 55,
The so-called lower part of the peripheral wall and the middle part do not exist. The side walls 53, 53 that are juxtaposed are connected to each other at the portions of the upper wall 54 and the lower front wall 59 that are orthogonal to each other, and, for example, five digging teeth 60 project from the front wall at equal intervals. On the other hand, a large number of rectangular penetrating portions 61 are distributed and arranged by forming a predetermined lattice in the lower portion and the intermediate portion of the inner frame body 51, and a reinforcing rib (not shown) is provided behind each lattice. Good.

Two cylindrical anti-vibration rubbers 62, 62 are arranged between the side wall 53 of the bucket body 52 and the outer wall of the inner frame 51, and the anti-vibration rubber is usually made of natural rubber. And attach it between the two support plates.
The places where the anti-vibration rubbers 62, 62 are installed, that is, the gaps between the side walls 53 and the outer walls of the inner frame body 51 are covered with the shielding plates 63, 63 fixed to the front surfaces of both side walls of the bucket body 52.

In the bucket body 52, both side walls 53
Stoppers 65 are formed at right angles on the inner rear side of the stopper 6 when the load of the object to be excavated is applied to the inner frame 51.
5, 65 and the rear portion 66 of the upper wall 54 support the inner frame body 51. Further, a horizontally long shield plate 64 is attached to the lower front wall 59 of the bucket body 52 in a diagonally rearward direction, and the lower front end portion of the inner frame body 51 is inserted between the shield plate and the lower inner wall surface of the bucket body 52.

In the sieving bucket 50, when the inner frame body 51 is stopped, excavation work can be performed even if a small amount of sand or debris passes from the inner frame body. Even when a large amount of the object to be excavated is applied to the inner frame body 51 when performing the excavation work with the bucket 50, the inner frame body 51 is stopped by the stoppers 65, 65.
And the rear portion 66 of the upper wall 54 supports the vibration-proof rubber 6
Prevents abnormal deformation of 2,62. .

In the vibro vibrating body 57, both eccentric weights rotate in opposite directions when the motor is rotated in the same manner as described above, and the inner frame body 51 is vibrated back and forth to perform the sieving work of the excavated object. This oscillating body may have only one eccentric weight that is rotated by a motor, or a cylinder oscillating body may be used instead of the vibro oscillating body.

The bucket 50 facilitates sieving work of the excavated object. In the bucket 50, since only the inner frame body 51 is provided with the peripheral wall portion provided with a large number of through portions, it is not necessary to consider the shape and position of the through hole on the bucket body 52 side. Therefore, it is possible to easily change the selection range of the shape and size of the penetrating portion of the inner frame body 51, and it is easy to select a bucket more suitable for the soil quality of the excavation site.

[0040]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The sieving bucket according to the present invention can perform excavation work like an ordinary bucket, and can also perform sieving operation of an object to be excavated by vibrating the inner frame body with a vibrating body. This eliminates the hassle of having a separate sieving machine at the work site.

The sieving bucket of the present invention has a high rate of catching small sand and debris when excavating, as in a normal bucket. In addition, when performing the sieving work, the operator of the power shovel can easily operate, and the load on the bucket link, arm, etc. of the shovel is small.

By using a bucket in which the lower part of the peripheral wall does not exist in the bucket body, excavation work can be performed even if the object to be excavated, such as small sand or debris, falls a little, and compared with a known skeleton bucket during sieving work. The burden on the operator is small. With this bucket, it is possible to easily change the selection range of the shape and size of the penetrating portion of the inner frame body, it is easy to select a bucket that is more suitable for the soil quality of the excavation site, and the weight increase of the bucket itself is relatively small. Become.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing a sieving bucket according to the present invention with a part thereof cut away.

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view showing a state in which the sieve bucket of the present invention is mounted on a power shovel.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing the sieving bucket of FIG. 1 with a part thereof cut away.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing only the bucket body of the sieve bucket of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a vibro vibrating body used in the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a rotating state of a pair of eccentric weights in the vibro vibrating body of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram showing an example of a cylinder vibrating body used in the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic side view showing a modification of the present invention with a part thereof cut away.

FIG. 9 is a front view showing the sieving bucket of FIG. 8 with a part thereof cut away.

FIG. 10 is a schematic side view showing another modification of the present invention with a part thereof cut away.

FIG. 11 is a front view showing only the bucket body in the sieve bucket of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Sieve bucket 2 Bucket body 3 Inner frame 4 Eccentric weight 6 Vibro vibrating body 7 Cylinder vibrating body 11 Anti-vibration rubber 12 Lattice of inner frame body 13 Penetration part of bucket body 14 Excavation object

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A bucket main body having at least both side walls, an inner frame body housed in the bucket main body and having a penetrating portion formed in a lower portion of a peripheral wall, and the like, an inner wall surface of the bucket main body and an outer wall surface of the inner frame body. And a cushioning material installed between the inner frame and the outer wall of the inner frame or behind the peripheral wall to vibrate the inner frame in the bucket body to perform a sieving operation of the object to be excavated. Sieve bucket. 2. A bucket main body having a penetrating portion formed at least in a lower portion of a peripheral wall, and an inner frame body housed in the bucket main body and having a penetrating portion formed in a lower portion of the peripheral wall in the same manner as in the bucket main body. And a vibro vibrating body that rotates a pair of shafts having eccentric weights in opposite directions, and vibrates an inner frame body by the vibrating body to perform a sieving operation of an object to be excavated. 3. A bucket main body which distributes and forms a penetrating portion at least in a lower portion of a peripheral wall, and an inner frame body which is housed in the bucket main body and which distributes and forms a penetrating portion in a peripheral wall lower portion and the like as in the bucket main body. A sieve for performing a sieving operation of an object to be excavated by vibrating an inner frame body by virtue of the vibrator to vibrate a piston by alternately switching electromagnetic switching valves by a pulse generated electrically bucket. 4. A bucket main body having at least a lower portion of a peripheral wall in a lattice shape, an inner frame body housed in the bucket body and having a lower peripheral wall portion in a lattice shape like the inside of the bucket body, and a bucket main body. The inner frame body is provided with a shock-absorbing member that is provided between the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the inner frame body or between the bracket and the vibrating body. A sieve bucket that vibrates back and forth or left and right. 5. The bucket according to claim 2, wherein the lattice of the inner frame body is arranged so as to completely or partially close the penetrating portion of the bucket body in the stationary position of the inner frame body.