JP2002038514A - Vibration-generating adapter for excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To interpose a vibration-generating adapter for an excavator between the front end of an arm for the excavator and a bucket, to generate vibrations by itself and to prevent transmission to the arm side of vibrations by absorbing vibrations at two stages. SOLUTION: In a mechanism, which is composed of a car body 11 capable of being moved, the arm 18 being installed to the car body 11 and being capable of being rocked vertically, the vibration-generating adapter 21 connected at the front end of the arm 18 and the bucket 22 connected on the front side of the vibration-generating adapter 21 and by which the digging works of soil and sand can be conducted by the bucket 22 by rocking the arm 18 while vibrations generated from the adapter 21 are transmitted to the bucket 22 and the compaction works of soil and sand can be conducted, the adapter 21 is constituted of a shell body 48 firmly joined with the bucket 22, a vibration- generating mechanism 97 being housed in the shell body 48 and generating vibrations and a buffer mechanism connecting the arm 18 and the shell body 48 by elastic force and corresponding to two stages in a manner that the buffer mechanism is soft to small vibrations and is hard to large vibrations.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vibration generating adapter for an excavator, which is interposed between a tip of an excavator arm and a bucket and can generate vibration by itself.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There are various types of works for digging a road, including sewerage work, water supply work, underground line piping work, and gas piping work. In such construction work, a paved road is first dug up and cut into a groove. After burying a buried object in the dug-down hole or performing pipe maintenance, the hole is backfilled with earth and sand, and the earth and sand is compacted before finally paving. By the way, there are often traces of such dug-in and back-filled works remaining on roads in urban areas, and irregularities are often formed on the road surface. If unevenness remains on the road surface after the construction, the running vehicle will vibrate, which will adversely affect passengers and loads. If such a step is formed parallel to the direction of the lane, the traveling vehicle has little effect. But
If a step is formed in the direction crossing the lane, the vehicle will experience large vibrations. In some cases, the construction site is expected to sink over time, and the soil may be raised to complete the construction. However, if the height of the sinking is predicted in advance, the vehicle may be similarly vibrated.

[0003] Such uneven steps remaining on the road surface formed after construction work are caused by insufficient compaction of earth and sand in the process of backfill work. For this reason, in order to completely flatten the road surface after backfilling, the soil returned to the hole must be leveled and compacted with pressure. If the soil is sufficiently hardened, it will not sink, and the road surface after paving can be kept horizontal. In this compacting process, the designated earth and sand is leveled in a groove or a hole to a thickness of about 30 cm, and is compacted from the upper surface of the earth and sand by a vibration generator (also called a rammer, a plate, a vibration roller, or the like). . In such a compacting operation, the vibration generator has to be hung in a dug-down groove or hole, and an operator has to operate the vibration generator in the groove or hole. In such a process, it is necessary to suspend or lift the vibration generator in a narrow groove or hole, and the operation becomes complicated.
In addition, the operator has to operate the vibration generator in the narrow groove or hole, which is dangerous. And
In many cases, such excavation and backfill work sites are not continuous, and there is a disadvantage that a heavy vibration generator must be hung in each of the excavated grooves and holes, and dangerous operations must be repeated.

In order to eliminate the inefficiency and danger of such compacting work, excavators (also called backhoes)
There is provided a vibration generating adapter that can be attached to an arm of the vehicle. This type of adapter can remove a bucket connected to an arm of an excavator, attach a vibration generating adapter to the tip of the arm, and connect the bucket to the vibration generating adapter. With this configuration, in normal earth and sand excavation work, the earth and sand can be dug using the bucket as it is. In the compaction operation, electric power or hydraulic pressure is supplied to the vibration generating adapter to generate vibration by itself, and the generated vibration can be transmitted to the bucket. The back surface of the bucket was brought into contact with the surface of the earth and sand, and the action of smashing the earth and sand by vibration was enabled. With such an adapter, there is no need to suspend the vibration generator in the dugout groove or hole, and the worker does not have to work in the grooved hole or hole, thereby improving work efficiency.

However, in the conventional vibration generating adapter, the generated vibration is transmitted to the bucket.
At the same time, it was transmitted to the arm and bucket cylinder. When this vibration is transmitted to the arm or the bucket cylinder, the vibration causes metal fatigue, causing damage to the arm or the bucket cylinder.
Further, even if the metal part is not damaged, it causes a failure of the mechanical part, and it has been difficult to use the excavator for a long time. In addition, since all of the generated vibration is not transmitted in the bucket direction, the vibration does not act as an action force for compacting the earth and sand, and the compacting effect is reduced by half. Furthermore, when such a vibration generating adapter is used, the vibration is transmitted to an arm or the like, and the noise is amplified, and it is difficult to use the adapter in compaction work in an urban area.

[0006] In order to solve this problem, the same inventor as the inventor of the present application has proposed an improved vibration generating adapter in Japanese Patent Application No. 85602/1999. In this vibration generating adapter, the adapter is divided into an upper joint body and a lower joint body, and the two joint bodies are connected by a flexible buffer, and the two joint bodies are assembled and released as possible by the engagement mechanism. is there. The vibration generating mechanism is fixed to the lower joint body, the upper joint body is connected to the arm, and the lower joint body is connected to the bucket. With this configuration, in a normal excavation operation, the upper joint body and the lower joint body are integrally connected by an engagement mechanism, and are held so as to be able to perform the same operation as a conventional excavator. In the work of compacting earth and sand, the engagement mechanism is operated to release the connection between the upper joint body and the lower joint body, and the joint bodies are opened so as to operate separately. Then, when the vibration is generated by the vibration generating mechanism, the vibration is transmitted to the bucket via the lower joint body, and the soil contacting the back surface of the bucket can be compacted. By releasing the engagement mechanism, the lower joint body and the upper joint body are connected via the buffer, and the vibration generated from the vibration generating mechanism fixed to the lower joint body is reduced by the buffer. Absorbed, no vibration is transmitted to the upper joint body. For this reason, even if the compacting operation is performed with the bucket, vibration is not transmitted to the arm or the bucket cylinder via the upper joint body, so that the occurrence of metal fatigue and noise can be prevented.

Further, the vibration from the vibration generating mechanism is transmitted downward, and all of the energy is directed to the acting force for compacting the earth and sand, so that the bucket pressed against the earth and sand enables efficient compacting work. . By operating the engagement mechanism in this manner, the function of operation by the excavator can be freely switched between excavation and compaction of earth and sand. This switching can be performed in the driver's seat of the excavator, and the work of suspending the heavy vibration generator in the trench or hole dug as in the related art becomes unnecessary, and the work process can be performed continuously. For this reason, work efficiency can be improved, and excavation work can be completed in a short time and performed at low cost. Further, a worker can safely work without entering the dug-down groove or hole.

However, the proposed vibration generating adapter requires a mechanism for switching the connection between the arm and the bucket, and has a drawback that the structure becomes complicated. In addition, the upper joint body and the lower joint body must be main components so that they can be separated from each other in the upper and lower directions, and a heavy structure has to be used to counter vibration and pushing down forces. Since the two joints must be made firmly, the weight of the vibration generating adapter becomes heavy, and if a heavy adapter is connected to the tip of the arm, the excavator cannot move smoothly.

In order to solve this problem, the same inventor as the present invention proposes an improved vibration generating adapter in Japanese Patent Application No. 4412/2000. According to the present invention, the vibration generating adapter has a shell composed of a pair of side plates and a vibration generating mechanism connecting the both side plates, and the arm and the bucket can be connected by this shell, so that the weight of the adapter is reduced and the excavation is reduced. The operation as a machine can be performed smoothly. Although the shell and the bucket are firmly connected, the shell and the arm are connected with an elastic buffer interposed therebetween, so that the vibration generated from the vibration generating mechanism is directly transmitted to the bucket. The vibration is absorbed by the arm side. For this reason, even if the arm is used for a long time, the vibration is not transmitted to the arm, and damage or failure due to metal fatigue or the like does not occur. Since this shock absorber is configured as a cylindrical unit, it can be assembled simply by inserting it into the unit insertion pipe fixed to the shell, and only by inserting the connecting pin through the arm into the shock absorber. It can be held elastically. Furthermore, since the direction in which the vibration is directed is restricted only to a fixed direction by the restriction mechanism, the vibration generated by the vibration generation mechanism is transmitted only in the direction in which the bucket is compacted, so that the working efficiency is increased.

[0010]

However, in the proposed vibration generating adapter, when the bucket is vibrated by the vibration generating mechanism, the vibration causes the connecting pins to vibrate at the same time. When the amplitude of the vibration is large, the connecting pin compresses the buffer, and the vibration is transmitted as an impact to the unit insertion pipe, and the impact is transmitted from the shell to the arm. Such a phenomenon occurs when the shock absorber is made soft by increasing the contraction rate of the shock absorber, and the problem of the conventional vibration generating adapter cannot be solved. On the other hand, if the shock absorber is made harder by reducing the contraction rate, the vibration generated from the vibration generating adapter is transmitted to the shell and the arm.
As described above, if the buffer is softened, the shock is transmitted to the shell by a large amplitude, and if the buffer is hardened, there is a conflicting problem that the vibration cannot be absorbed. Was difficult.

In addition, interposing the buffer between the shell and the bucket means that the arm and the bucket are connected softly, and the stress of the arm cannot be directly transmitted to the bucket in the excavation work. is there. When the arm is moved up and down to excavate earth and sand by the bucket, even if the arm is lowered, the force is received softly by the buffer, and the bucket cannot be pressed strongly into the soil. For this reason, as a function of the vibration generating adapter, it is preferable that the bucket be softly connected when the vibration is generated by the vibration generating mechanism, and that the bucket and the arm be firmly connected during the excavation work. .

Next, there is a problem of resonance generated by the correlation between the frequency of the vibration generated by the vibration generating mechanism and the mass of the bucket. When the vibration of the specific frequency generated by the vibration generating mechanism matches the specific mass of the bucket, a resonance phenomenon having an amplitude larger than the applied vibration occurs.
When such a phenomenon occurs, the vibration generating mechanism and the bucket vibrate with a large amplitude, and the connecting pin collides with a large amplitude inside the unit insertion pipe, and the impact force is transmitted to the arm. become. When such an impact occurs, vibration is transmitted to the arm, and the cause of a failure such as metal fatigue cannot be eliminated. However, there are various types of buckets to be attached to the arm, and they must be replaced at the work site depending on the application.
For example, there are types such as a standard bucket, a narrow bucket, a sieve bucket (skeleton bucket), a slope bucket, and a clamshell. If the mass of each bucket is different and the frequency of the vibration generated by the vibration generating mechanism is constant, some buckets do not resonate, but other buckets resonate. It could not be operated at a good frequency. For this reason, it is necessary to change the frequency of the vibration generated by the vibration generating mechanism and vibrate at a frequency at which the corresponding bucket does not resonate.

According to the invention of the present application, a two-stage shock absorber of soft elastic force and hard elastic force is interposed in the connecting mechanism between the arm and the shell, and vibration of a small amplitude is supported by the soft shock absorber.
Vibration with a large amplitude is supported by a hard buffer, so that the vibration can be absorbed in two stages. In a normal excavation operation, the arm and the shell are fixed, and the force of the bending / extending movement from the arm is transmitted to the bucket as it is, thereby trying to improve the efficiency of the operation. Further, the frequency of the vibration that can be generated by the vibration generating mechanism can be freely changed, so that the bucket can be freely set to a frequency that does not resonate.

[0014]

According to the vibration generating adapter of the present invention, a movable vehicle body, an arm mounted on the vehicle body and capable of swinging up and down, a vibration generating adapter connected to the tip of the arm, and a vibration generating adapter And a bucket connected to the front side of the slab. By swinging the arm, the bucket can dig the earth and sand, and the vibration generated from the vibration generating adapter is transmitted to the bucket to compact the earth and sand. In the mechanism capable of performing the vibration, the vibration generating adapter is a shell that is firmly connected to the bucket, a vibration generating mechanism that is housed in the shell to generate vibration, and an arm and the shell that are connected with elastic force, It is soft for small vibrations, hard for large vibrations, and has a two-stage damping mechanism. Motomeko 1).

According to the vibration generating adapter of the present invention, a movable vehicle body, an arm mounted on the vehicle body and capable of swinging up and down, a vibration generating adapter connected to a tip of the arm, and a front side of the vibration generating adapter are connected. A mechanism that can excavate earth and sand with the bucket by swinging the arm, and can transmit the vibration generated from the vibration generation adapter to the bucket to perform the compaction of earth and sand. , The vibration generating adapter is a shell that is firmly connected to the bucket, a vibration generating mechanism that is housed in the shell to generate vibration, and an arm and the shell that are connected with elastic force, and for a small vibration, Soft and hard against large vibrations, buffer mechanism corresponding to two steps, interposed between arm and shell, allowing both vibrations Or fixed can the switch, characterized in that it is composed of a vibration regulating mechanism or (claim 2).

According to the vibration generating adapter of the present invention, a movable vehicle body, an arm attached to the vehicle body and capable of swinging up and down, a vibration generating adapter connected to a tip of the arm, and a front side of the vibration generating adapter are connected. A mechanism that can excavate earth and sand with the bucket by swinging the arm, and can transmit the vibration generated from the vibration generation adapter to the bucket to perform the compaction of earth and sand. In the vibration generating adapter, the shell that is firmly connected to the bucket, the vibration generating mechanism that is housed in the shell to generate vibration, and the arm and the shell that are connected with elastic force, Soft and hard against large vibrations, two-stage shock absorbing mechanism, and allows mutual movement between arm and shell in only one direction Characterized in that it consists of a motion restricting mechanism (claim 3).

In the shock absorbing mechanism of the present invention, the insertion pipe fixed to the shell, the connecting pin fixed to the arm and capable of vibrating in the insertion pipe, and the soft elastic force filled between the insertion pipe and the connection pin are provided. It is characterized by comprising a first buffer and a second buffer having a rigid elasticity fixed to the outer periphery of the connecting pin and having a periphery spaced from the inner surface of the insertion pipe ( Claim 4).

The vibration restricting mechanism of the present invention comprises an insertion pipe fixed to a shell, a connection pin fixed to an arm and capable of vibrating in the insertion pipe, and a vibration damper detachable between the insertion pipe and the connection pin. It is characterized in that it is constituted (claim 5).

The movement restricting mechanism of the present invention is characterized in that an elliptical elongated hole is formed in the center thereof, and a connecting pin communicating with the arm is inserted into the elongated hole.

According to the vibration generating adapter of the present invention, a movable vehicle body, an arm mounted on the vehicle body and capable of swinging up and down, a vibration generating adapter connected to a tip of the arm, and a front side of the vibration generating adapter are connected. A mechanism that can excavate earth and sand with the bucket by swinging the arm, and can transmit the vibration generated from the vibration generation adapter to the bucket to perform the compaction of earth and sand. , A hydraulic motor that operates by supplying pressure oil inside the vibration generating adapter and rotates the deviated weight is provided, and the flow rate of the pressure oil supplied between the hydraulic motor and the pressure oil supply source is manually controlled. And a regulating valve that can be adjusted by a pressure sensor is interposed (claim 7).

According to the vibration generating adapter of the present invention, a movable vehicle body, an arm mounted on the vehicle body and capable of swinging up and down, a vibration generating adapter connected to a tip of the arm, and a front side of the vibration generating adapter are connected. A mechanism that can excavate earth and sand with the bucket by swinging the arm, and can transmit the vibration generated from the vibration generation adapter to the bucket to perform the compaction of earth and sand. , A hydraulic motor that operates by supplying pressure oil to the inside of the vibration generating adapter and rotates the deviated weight is provided, and the flow rate of the pressure oil supplied between the hydraulic motor and the pressure oil supply source is electrically controlled. An adjustment valve that can be adjusted by control is interposed, a sensor that detects vibration is provided on the arm, and the arm is transmitted between the sensor and the adjustment valve. Characterized in that a rotational speed setting mechanism for controlling the opening angle of the control valve so that the rotation number outside the frequency which resonates to determine the vibration (claim 8).

[0022]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a state in which a vibration generating adapter 21 according to an embodiment of the present invention is attached to an arm 18 of an excavator 10. Thus, arm 1
A state in which the vibration generating adapter 21 is connected to the tip of 8 and the bucket 22 is connected to the lower part of the vibration generating adapter 21 is used.

First, endlessly wound crawlers 12 and 12 are disposed on the left and right sides of the vehicle body 11 of the excavator 10, respectively. By rotating the crawler 12 forward and backward or reversely, the vehicle body 11 is rotated. You can move forward, backward or change direction. On the upper part of the vehicle body 11 is a swivel 1
The turntable 13 can be rotated in the horizontal direction with respect to the vehicle body 11. A mechanical section 14 containing an engine and a hydraulic pressure generating device is mounted on one of the upper portions of the swivel 13, and the other of the upper portion of the swivel 13 is used by an operator who operates the excavator 10 for boarding. Cabin 15 is mounted. At the center of the front of the swivel base 13, a lower end of a boom 16 formed in a slightly “U” shape is vertically and freely swingably connected. A pair of booms 16 is provided between the center of the boom 16 and the front side of the swivel base 13. Hydraulic cylinder 17, 17
Is interposed. A slightly linear rear portion of an arm 18 is swingably connected to the tip of the boom 16 by a pin 19, and a hydraulic cylinder 20 is interposed between the rear end of the arm 18 and the center of the back of the boom 16. Let me do it. A vibration generating adapter 21 is connected to the tip of the arm 18, and a bucket 22 is connected to the lower surface of the vibration generating adapter 21. A link 24 is connected to the distal end of the arm 18.
A hydraulic cylinder 23 is interposed between the rear surfaces of the rear end, and a rod 25 is interposed between the upper end of the link 24 and the vibration generating adapter 21.

The excavator 10 has the same structure as a conventionally known excavator. In the conventional excavator, the bucket 22 is connected to the tip of the arm 18 by a pin. In the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, the bucket 22 is removed from the tip of the arm 18, the vibration generating adapter 21 is attached to each of the ends of the arm 18 and the rod 25, and the bucket 22 is connected to the lower surface of the vibration generating adapter 21. Structure. Therefore, it may be considered that the vibration generating adapter 21 is interposed between the buckets 22 in the excavator 10 having a conventionally known structure. With this configuration, the boom 16 and the arm 18 swing up and down by making the hydraulic cylinders 17, 20, and 23 cooperate with each other, and the earth and sand can be dug by moving the bucket 22 up and down. When compacting the earth and sand, the vibration is transmitted to the bucket 22 by the vibration generating mechanism housed inside the vibration generating adapter 21, and the compaction can be performed while the back surface of the bucket 22 is pressed against the earth and sand.

Next, FIGS. 2 to 12 show a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state before the vibration generating adapter 21 is attached to the arm 18 and the rod 25. FIG. FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing a procedure for attaching various components to the assembled main body. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a plurality of buffer members (a buffer unit as a first buffer and a buffer ring as a second buffer). FIG. 6 is a view taken along the line AA in FIG. 7 is a side view of the vibration generating adapter 21, FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of the vibration generating adapter 21, and FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view showing a sliding guide and its attachment, FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing a function of a manual guide, and FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing a function of a buffer member.

FIG. 2 shows a state before the vibration generating adapter 21 is positioned at the tip of the arm 18 and the rod 25 of the excavator 10, and the bucket 22 is positioned below the vibration generating adapter 21 before the three members are connected. FIG. With the configuration of the normal excavator 10, the arm 18,
The bucket 22 is connected to the tip of the rod 25. The bucket 22 is detached from the arm 18 and the rod 25, and is assembled by interposing the vibration generating adapter 21 between the arm 18, the rod 25 and the bucket 22. Become. A rotating pipe 29 is fixed to the distal end of the arm 18 so as to penetrate both side surfaces thereof,
A hollow connecting pipe 30 is fixedly attached to the tip of the rod 25, and the rod 25 and the connecting pipe 30 are formed so as to be T-shaped by arranging the axes thereof at right angles.

A pair of flat side plates 50 and 51 support the stress as a frame of the vibration generating adapter 21. The side plates 50 and 51 are connected by a pipe-shaped rotating body protection cover 66. . The side plates 50 and 51 and the rotator protection cover 66 constitute a shell 48 serving as a skeleton of the vibration generating adapter 21. Cylindrical unit insertion pipes 70 and 71 are fixed to the left and right sides of the side plate 50, and cylindrical unit insertion pipes 72 and 73 are fixed to the left and right sides of the side plate 51. The axes of the unit insertion pipes 70 and 72 are arranged linearly, the axes of the unit insertion pipes 71 and 73 are arranged linearly, and both axes are set so as to be parallel (these unit insertion pipes 70 and 72 are parallel). A plurality of cushioning members such as elastic rubbers are inserted into each of 71, 72, and 73, respectively. A pin insertion pipe 74 is fixed between the side plates 50 and 51 at the lower left side of FIG. 2 and at the rear left side in FIG. 2, and at the lower side of both sides and the right front side in FIG. The pin insertion pipe 75 is fixed at the position shown in FIG. The axes of the two pin insertion pipes 74 and 75 are arranged so as to be parallel.

Then, the tip of the arm 18 and the rod 25 is inserted between the side plates 50 and 51 so that the axis of the rotary pipe 29 and the axis of the unit insertion pipes 70 and 72 are aligned. At the same time, the axis of the connecting pipe 30 and the unit insertion pipe 7
The axes of 1, 73 are matched. Thereafter, the connecting pin 41 having a long and thin rod shape is viewed from the side of the vibration generating adapter 21.
Is inserted into the unit insertion pipe 72, the rotation pipe 29, and the unit insertion pipe 70, and each is rotatably connected. Similarly, a connecting pin 42 having a long and thin rod shape is inserted into the unit insertion pipe 73, the connection pipe 30, and the unit insertion pipe 71 from the side direction, and each is rotatably connected. Thus, the vibration generating adapter 21 can be connected to the tip of the arm 18 and the rod 25 (the structure for fixing the connecting pins 41 and 42 will be described later).

Next, a pair of slightly corrugated rib plates 3 made of a thin steel plate are provided on the back surface (upper side in FIG. 2) of the bucket 22.
4, 35 are fixed in parallel. Pin holes 36 and 37 are opened before and after the rib plate 34, and pin holes 38 and 39 are opened before and after the rib plate 35, and an axis connecting the pin holes 36 and 38 and a pin hole 37 are formed. 39 are arranged so that their axes are parallel. The lower part of the vibration generating adapter 21 is inserted into the space between the rib plates 34 and 35 so that the axis of the pin insertion pipe 74 and the axis of the pin holes 36 and 38 coincide with each other. 3
Align the axes of 7 and 39. Then, an elongated rod-shaped bucket pin 43 is inserted from the side surface of the rib plate 35 into the pin hole 3.
8. Insert the pin insertion pipe 74 into the pin hole 36, and simultaneously insert the elongated pin-shaped bucket pin 44 into the pin hole 39,
The pin insertion pipe 75 is inserted into the pin hole 37. The vibration generating adapter 21 is provided by these bucket pins 43 and 44.
Can be connected to the bucket 22. According to this procedure, the vibration generating adapters 21 are connected, and the assembled state shown in FIG. 1 is obtained.

With such a configuration, the bucket pin 43
And 44 allow the rib plates 34 and 35 to
And 75. The arm 18 and the vibration generating adapter 21 are connected to the unit insertion pipes 70, 71, 72, 73 by connecting pins 41 and 42. In this connection, the rotating pipe 29 fixed to the arm 18 and the connecting pin 41 are rotatably and firmly connected, and the connecting pipe 30 and the connecting pin 42 fixed to the tip of the rod 25 are rotatable. And firmly connected. However, each unit insertion pipe 70, 71, 72,
A resilient cushioning member is housed inside 73, and both ends of the connecting pins 41 and 42 are held by the cushioning member, and are connected while allowing vertical vibration. Therefore, even if the vibration generating adapter 21 itself generates vibration, the vibration force is not transmitted in the direction of the bucket pins 43 and 44 but transmitted only in the direction of the bucket 22 via the bucket pins 43 and 44.

Next, FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the main members of the vibration generating adapter 21 for explaining a procedure for assembling a shell 48 serving as a frame. FIG. 4 illustrates a procedure for assembling the vibration generating adapter 21 by incorporating various components into the shell 48 assembled with the main members.

In FIG. 3, a pair of side plates 50 and 51 formed of a thin steel plate serve as a basic member for supporting the stress of the entire vibration generating adapter 21. Each of the side plates 50 and 51 has a flat shape, and both sides are linearly formed, and the whole is slightly trapezoidal. The left and right sides of the upper side of each of the side plates 50 and 51 are each slightly semi-circularly protruding and slightly corrugated, and the left and right sides of the lower sides are also semi-circularly protruding and slightly corrugated. At the center of the side plate 50, a large-diameter insertion hole 52 is opened.
Pipe insertion holes 58 and 59 are opened on the lower left and right sides of 0, respectively. Similarly to the side plate 50, the side plate 51 has a large-diameter motor hole 53 at the center, pipe fixing holes 56 and 57 at the upper left and right, and pipe insertion holes 60 at the lower left and right. 61 is opened. The side plates 50 and 51 have the same outer shape except for the inner diameter of the mounting hole 52 and the motor hole 53, and the position and the inner diameter of each hole are set to be the same. Disposed between the side plates 50 and 51 is a thin-walled rotating body protection cover 66 having a hollow pipe shape. This rotating body protection cover 66
One end (the left front side in FIG. 3) of the opening of FIG.
And the two are fixed by electric welding or the like. The other end of the opening of the rotator protection cover 66 (the right rear side in FIG. 3) is brought into close contact with the inner surface of the side plate 51 so that the motor hole 53 and the center axis of the rotator protection cover 66 coincide with each other.
Both are fixed by electric welding or the like. Thus, the side plate 5
It is assembled so as to be H-shaped when viewed from the side by the 0 and 51 and the rotating body protection cover 66.

In FIG. 3, located outside the upper portions of the side plates 50 and 51 are unit insertion pipes 70, 71, 72, and 73 having a hollow shape and hollow inside. Each of the unit insertion pipes 70, 71, 72, 73 is for inserting a plurality of cushioning members therein, and their inner diameters are made to match the inner diameters of the pipe fixing holes 54, 55, 56, 57. One end of the opening of the unit insertion pipe 70 is connected to the side plate 5.
The unit insertion pipe 70 and the pipe fixing hole 54 are fixed to each other by electric welding or the like so that the central axes of the unit insertion pipe 70 and the pipe fixing hole 54 are aligned. One end of the opening of the unit insertion pipe 71 is brought into close contact with the outer surface of the side plate 50, and the unit insertion pipe 7
1 and the center axis of the pipe fixing hole 55 are made to coincide with each other, and both are fixed by electric welding or the like. One end of the opening of the unit insertion pipe 72 is brought into close contact with the outer side surface of the side plate 51, and the unit insertion pipe 72 and the pipe fixing hole 56 are fixed to each other by electric welding or the like so that the central axes thereof are aligned. Then, one end of the opening of the unit insertion pipe 73 is brought into close contact with the outer surface of the side plate 51, and the center axes of the unit insertion pipe 73 and the pipe fixing hole 57 are aligned, and the two are fixed by electric welding or the like. Note that guide pin holes 76 are vertically opened near the opening at the other end on the outer periphery of the unit insertion pipe 70, and near the opening at the other end near the opening at the other end near the opening at the other end. Guide pin holes 77 are opened up and down. Similarly,
Up and down guide pin holes 78 are formed on the outer periphery of the unit insertion pipe 72 near the opening at the other end, and vertically on the outer periphery of the unit insertion pipe 73 near the opening at the other end. A guide pin hole 79 is opened.

Next, a pair of pin insertion pipes 74 and 75 are located on the near side of the side plate 50 in FIG. The inner diameter of each pin insertion pipe 74 and 75 is set to be the same as the outer diameter of the bucket pins 43 and 44, and their outer diameters are
8, 59 are matched. The pin insertion pipe 74 is inserted into the pipe insertion holes 58 and 60, and the outer circumference of both ends of the pin insertion pipe 74 and the inner circumference of the side plates 50 and 51 are fixed by electric welding or the like. Further, the pin insertion pipe 75 is inserted into the pipe insertion holes 59 and 61, and the outer periphery of both ends of the pin insertion pipe 75 and the inner periphery of the side plates 50 and 51 are fixed by electric welding or the like. When the main members are assembled in this way, the side plate 5
The rotating body protective cover 66 and the pin insertion pipes 74 and 75 are fixed between the positions 0 and 51. The unit insertion pipes 70 and 71 protrude outside the side plate 50, and the side plate 51
The unit insertion pipes 72 and 73 have a structure that protrudes outside. In this state, the axes of the rotating body protection cover 66, the unit insertion pipes 70, 71, 72, 73, and the pin insertion pipes 74, 75 are arranged so as to be parallel.

FIG. 4 shows a procedure for attaching various components to the shell 48 assembled in the procedure shown in FIG. The vibration generating mechanism 97 is provided through the opening of the above-described insertion hole 52.
Are inserted, and the vibration generating mechanism 97 is positioned in the internal space of the rotating body protection cover 66. This vibration generating mechanism 97
Is composed of a rotating shaft 95 and a weight 96 having a round bar shape, and the center of gravity of the rotating shaft 95 is eccentrically fixed at the center of the rotating shaft 95, and when the rotating shaft 95 is rotated together with the weight 96,
Some vibrations can be generated because the center of gravity is eccentric from the center. When the vibration generating mechanism 97 is housed inside the rotating body protection cover 66, a disk-shaped closing disk 98 is brought into close contact with the side surface of the side plate 50, and the closing disk 98 is fixed to the side plate 50 with screws or the like. This closed disk 9
A recessed bearing is formed at the center of the inner surface of 8, and one end of the rotating shaft 95 is supported by the bearing.
FIG. 9 shows the state of the support of the rotating shaft 95.

A disk-shaped motor mounting plate 101 is adhered to the outside of the opposite side plate 51, and the motor mounting plate 101 is fixed to the side plate 51 with screws or the like. A shaft hole 102 is opened at the center of the motor mounting plate 101, and a hydraulic motor 103 is formed in the shaft hole 102.
The hydraulic motor 103 is fixed to the motor mounting plate 101 with screws or the like. The output shaft 104 is inserted into the rotating body protective cover 66, and the other end of the rotation shaft 95 is connected to the tip of the output shaft 104, so that the output shaft 104 and the rotation shaft 95 rotate simultaneously. Become. Thus, the opening of the insertion hole 52 is closed by the closing disk 98, the opening of the motor hole 53 is closed by the motor mounting plate 101 and the hydraulic motor 103, and the vibration generating mechanism 97 is rotatable inside the rotating body protection cover 66. It will be stored. The hydraulic motor 103, the output shaft 104, and the vibration generating mechanism 97 constitute a mechanism for generating vibration.

Next, the shock absorbing mechanism is composed of two members, a first shock absorbing body and a second shock absorbing body, each having a different function. Buffer unit 8 as first buffer
5, 86, 87 and 88 each have a cylindrical shape,
The outer diameter of the unit insertion pipes 70, 71, 72, 73
It is set to be the same as the inner diameter of. The structure of these buffer units 85, 86, 87, 88 will be described later. The length of each buffer unit 85, 86, 87, 88 is set to be shorter than half of the total length of each unit insertion pipe 70, 71, 72, 73. Each of the rubber rings 81, 82, 83, and 84 as the second buffer is formed of a synthetic rubber into a cylindrical shape, and the outer diameter thereof is smaller than the inner diameter of the unit insertion pipes 70, 71, 72, and 73. Is also set to be small. Each rubber ring 81,
The length of each of the unit insertion pipes 7
0, 71, 72 and 73 are set to be shorter than half of the total length. Further, washers 135, 136, 13
7, 138 are formed by punching a thin steel plate. These buffer units 85, 86, 87, 88, rubber rings 81, 82, 83, 84, washers 135,
An opening is formed at the center of 136, 137, 138, and the inside diameter of this opening is set to be the same as the outside diameter of the connecting pins 41, 42. The sliding guides 89, 90, 91, and 92 as the movement restricting mechanisms are ring-shaped with the outer diameter set to be the same as the inner diameter of the unit insertion pipes 70, 71, 72, and 73, Are formed with elongated holes extending in the vertical direction, and their configurations will be described later.

The buffer unit 85, rubber ring 81, washer 135 and sliding guide 89 are inserted into the unit inserting pipe 70, and the buffer unit 86, rubber ring 82, washer 136 and sliding guide are inserted into the unit inserting pipe 71. A buffer unit 87, a rubber ring 83, a washer 137, and a sliding guide 91 are inserted into the unit insertion pipe 72, and a buffer unit 88, a rubber ring 84, and a washer 138 are inserted into the unit insertion pipe 73.
And the sliding guide 92 are inserted. In this manner, members for absorbing vibration are assembled in the internal spaces of the cylindrical unit insertion pipes 70, 71, 72, 73.

An elongated guide pin 112 is vertically inserted into the guide pin hole 76 of the unit insertion pipe 70. The guide pin 112 penetrates the slide guide 89 to prevent the slide guide 89 from falling off. ing. An elongated guide pin 113 is vertically inserted into a guide pin hole 77 of the unit insertion pipe 71, and the guide pin 113 penetrates the slide guide 90 to prevent the slide guide 90 from falling off. An elongated guide pin 114 is vertically inserted into the guide pin hole 78 of the unit insertion pipe 72, and the guide pin 114 penetrates the slide guide 91 to prevent the slide guide 91 from falling off. Further, an elongated guide pin 115 is vertically inserted into a guide pin hole 79 of the unit insertion pipe 73, and the guide pin 115 penetrates the slide guide 92 to prevent the slide guide 92 from falling off. In this way,
The entire vibration generating adapter 21 is assembled.

The buffer units 85, 86, 87, and 88 as the above-described first buffers, rubber rings 81, 82, 83, and 84 as the second buffers, and washers 135 and 13 are provided.
6, 137 and 138 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6 show the configuration of the buffer unit 85, the rubber ring 81, and the washer 135, but other buffer units 86, 87, 88, rubber rings 82, 8
3, 84, and washers 136, 137, 138 all have the same structure and dimensions.

The outer periphery of the buffer unit 85 is an outer pipe 107 formed of a thin metal into a pipe shape. Inside the outer pipe 107, an inner pipe 108 formed of a thin metal into a pipe shape is provided. Inserted so as to be coaxial. The outer diameter of the outer pipe 107 is set to be the same as the inner diameter of the unit insertion pipe 70, so that the outer pipe 107 can be inserted into the unit insertion pipe 70. The inner diameter of the inner pipe 108 is set to be the same as the outer diameter of the connecting pin 41 shown in FIG. 2, so that the connecting pin 41 can be inserted into the inner pipe 108.

The inner pipe 10 is provided inside the outer pipe 107.
8, the inner circumference of the outer pipe 107 and the inner pipe 10
A space having a cylindrical shape is formed between the outer periphery of the cylindrical member 8 and the outer periphery of the cylindrical member 8. This space is filled with an elastic material such as natural rubber, which is a relatively soft material, to form a cylindrical elastic vibration absorber 109. The vibration absorber 109 has elasticity and has a function of absorbing vibration. In a normal state, the vibration absorber 109 holds the inner pipe 108 so as to be located at the center of the outer pipe 107. However, when vibration occurs, the relative position between the outer pipe 107 and the inner pipe 108 is increased. The position can be varied. Then, even if vibration occurs, the inner pipe 108 can be returned to coincide with the center axis of the outer pipe 107 by the restoring force of the vibration absorber 109. Also, the rubber ring 8
1 has a cylindrical shape with an opening in the center, the inner diameter of the center opening is set to be the same as the outer diameter of the connecting pin 41, and the outer diameter of the rubber ring 81 is It is set to be smaller than the inner diameter. The rubber ring 81 is made of a material such as urethane rubber which has elasticity but is relatively hard. The material is selected so that the elasticity is higher than that of the vibration absorber 109. And
The washer 135 is formed by punching a thin steel plate, and has an opening formed at the center thereof. The inner diameter of the central opening is set to be the same as the outer diameter of the connecting pin 41, and the outer diameter is set to be smaller than the outer diameter of the rubber ring 81.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 5, and the length of the outer pipe 107 is slightly shorter than the length of the inner pipe 108. 6 (right side at 6) protrudes slightly to the right from one end of the outer pipe 107. This is to prevent the rotating pipe 29 from rubbing against the outer pipe 107 due to the vertical movement of both when the connecting pin 41 and the inner pipe 108 are connected. The lengths of the outer pipe 107 and the rubber ring 81 are set to be slightly smaller than half the length of the unit insertion pipe 70, respectively. For this reason, when the buffer unit 85, the rubber ring 81, and the washer 135 are brought into close contact, the left and right lengths shown in FIG.
The length of the sliding guide 89 is slightly shorter than the length of the unit inserting pipe 70 so that the sliding guide 89 has a margin enough to be inserted into the unit inserting pipe 70. As shown in FIG. 6, the outer diameter of the rubber ring 81 is smaller than the outer diameter of the outer pipe 107, and the washer 13
The outer diameter of 5 is set smaller than the outer diameter of the rubber ring 81.

FIG. 7 shows a side view of the vibration generating adapter 21 assembled in the procedure shown in FIG. 4, and shows a state viewed from the left front side to the right rear side in FIG.
As shown in the figure, both sides of the side plates 50 and 51 are cut linearly, and both sides are slightly inclined so as to narrow downward. The left and right sides of the upper sides of the side plates 50 and 51 are raised in a semicircular shape, and have a waveform depressed at the center of the upper sides.
The left and right sides of the lower sides of 0 and 51 are raised in a semicircular shape, and the center of the lower side has a waveform depressed linearly. Side plate 5 shown in FIG.
At the center of 0, a circular closing disk 98 is fixed with screws or the like, a buffer unit 85 is mounted on the unit insertion pipe 70, and a buffer unit 86 is mounted on the unit insertion pipe 71.
Are inserted respectively. Pin insertion pipes 74 and 75 are fixed to the left and right of the lower part of the side plate 50, respectively.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the assembled vibration generating adapter 21 cut at the center. Left and right openings at the top of the side plate 51 (the unit insertion pipe 72
The buffer units 87 and 88 are inserted into the lower side of the side plate 51, and pin insertion pipes 74 and 75 are fixed to the lower left and right sides of the side plate 51. A vibration generating mechanism 97 including a rotating shaft 95 and a weight 96 is disposed on a rotating body protection cover 66 having a hollow cylindrical shape fixed to the inner surface of the side plate 51. The rotating shaft 95 and the central axis of the rotating body protective cover 66 are arranged at the same position, and the weight 96 is arranged with its center of gravity eccentric with respect to the axis of the rotating shaft 95. When the rotation shaft 95 rotates, the weight 96 also rotates at the same time.
Are set so that they can freely rotate without contacting the inner periphery of the rotating body protective cover 66. This weight 96 is a rotating shaft 95
8, the center of gravity of the weight 96 is separated from the axis of the rotating shaft 95, so that the weight 96 is swung to change the rotational force into a vibrating force. Vibration is generated.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the assembled vibration generating adapter 21 taken along line BB in FIG. This figure shows a correlation between the vibration generating adapter 21 and the connection pins 42 and the bucket pins 44. In FIG. 9, the other connecting pins 41 and bucket pins 43 are not shown, but the configuration is the same.

A buffer unit 86, a rubber ring 82 and a washer 135 are inserted into the unit insertion pipe 71, and finally a sliding guide 90 is inserted. When the buffer unit 86 is inserted, the tip of the inner pipe 108 (shown in FIG. 6) is aligned with the inner surface of the side plate 50, and the outer pipe 107 (shown in FIG. 6) is slightly deeper. It is located in. This is due to the vibration of the outer pipe 10
This prevents the inner pipe 108 from rubbing against the arm 18 and allows the inner pipe 108 to freely vibrate with respect to the outer pipe 107 and the unit insertion pipe 71. Buffer unit 8
6, the rubber ring 82 and the washer 135 are brought into close contact with each other, and one side (the right side in FIG. 9) of the sliding guide 90 is brought into close contact with the side (the left side in FIG. 9) of the washer 135, and all the members are inserted into the unit insertion pipe. 71. A pin hole (described later) is opened in the vertical direction of the sliding guide 90, and this pin hole matches the position of the guide pin hole 77 formed in the unit insertion pipe 71. Similarly, inside the unit insertion pipe 73, the buffer unit 88, the rubber ring 84, the washer 138
Are inserted, and a sliding guide 92 is further inserted.
The positions of the guide pin holes 79 of the unit insertion pipe 73 and the pin holes (described later) of the slide guide 92 are made to coincide with each other.

Next, the connecting pin 42 connects the vibration generating adapter 21 and the connecting pipe 30. The connecting pin 42 has a round bar shape having a head. A sliding hole 117 is opened near the tip of the connecting pin 42 at right angles to the axial direction, and a sliding hole 11 is formed near the head at right angles to the axial direction.
8 is open. Slide the tip of the connecting pin 42 into the sliding guide 9
2 and inserted into the buffer unit 88, the washer 138, the rubber ring 84, the buffer unit 86, the rubber ring 82, the washer 135, and the sliding guide 90 in this order. Insert until it protrudes from the side surface of the moving guide 90. Then, the connecting pin 42
Is in close contact with the side surface of the sliding guide 92, and the sliding hole 117
Corresponds to the positions of the pin holes of the guide pin hole 77 and the sliding guide 90, and the sliding hole 118 corresponds to the guide pin hole 79 and the sliding guide 92.
Coincides with the position of the pin hole. In this state, the guide pin 11
3 is inserted into the guide pin hole 77, the pin hole of the slide guide 90, and the slide hole 117, and the guide pin 115 is inserted into the guide pin hole 79, the pin hole of the slide guide 92, and the slide hole 118. Thus, the connection pins 42 are connected to the unit insertion pipes 71 and 73 by the guide pins 113 and 115, and the buffer units 86 and 88, the rubber rings 82 and 84, the washer 13
5, 138 and the sliding guides 90, 92 are held so as not to come off the unit insertion pipes 71, 73.

The vibration generating adapter 21 and the bucket 22 are connected to each other by a bucket pin 44 having a round bar shape having a head at one end, and having a pin hole 120 perpendicular to the axial direction at the tip thereof. Is open. To connect the bucket pin 44 to the vibration generating adapter 21, the tip of the bucket pin 44 is inserted through one end of the pin insertion pipe 75, and the tip is exposed at the other end. A washer 123 is inserted into the bucket pin 44 projecting from the other end of the pin insertion pipe 75, and a hairpin shaped stop pin 122 is fitted into the pin hole 120. The stop pin 122 prevents the bucket pin 44 from being rotatable by the pin insertion pipe 75 and falling off in the length direction thereof.

Next, FIGS. 10 and 11 show the shapes of the connecting pin 41 and the sliding guide 89 described above, and show a state in which both are combined. In this figure, the connecting pin 4
1, the sliding guide 89 and the guide pin 112 are shown, but other connecting pins 42, sliding guides 90, 91, 92,
The guide pins 113, 114, and 115 also have the same shape and structure, and are described as a representative configuration in FIGS.

The sliding guide 89 is made of a material having a small frictional resistance (for example, MC nylon) while being rigid, and has a slightly thick disk shape, and its outer diameter is a unit. It is matched with the inner diameter of the insertion pipe 70. In the center of the sliding guide 89, an elliptical long hole 131 is opened so as to penetrate the left and right side surfaces. The width of the long hole 131 in the left-right direction (left and right in FIGS. 10 and 11) is set to the same length as the outer diameter of the connecting pin 41, and the up-down direction of the long hole 131 (up and down in FIGS. 10 and 11) Is set to be longer than the outer diameter of the connecting pin 41. Therefore, the long hole 131 has a shape in which the upper and lower widths are longer than the left and right widths, and the left and right side walls are parallel. A pair of pin holes 132 and 133 are opened above and below the peripheral surface of the sliding guide 89.
The straight line connecting the lines 2 and 133 passes through the center of the elongated hole 131 and is aligned with the longer axis of the elongated hole 131.

Next, in order to connect the unit insertion pipe 70, the slide guide 89, and the connecting pin 41 with the guide pin 112, the slide guide 89 is inserted into the unit insertion pipe 70, and the guide pin hole 76 and the pin hole are inserted. The axes of 132 and 133 are matched. Then, the connecting pin 41 is inserted into the long hole 131 so that the axis of the sliding hole 134 coincides with the axis of the pin holes 132 and 133. Thereafter, the guide pin 112 is inserted into the guide pin hole 76,
The pin hole 132, the sliding hole 134, the pin hole 133, and the guide pin hole 76 are inserted in this order, and the lower portion of the guide pin 112 protrudes from the lower surface of the unit insertion pipe 70. A male screw 125 is formed on the outer periphery of the lower part of the guide pin 112, and a washer 126 is inserted from the lower end of the guide pin 112,
The nuts 127 and 128 are screwed into the male screw 125. By tightening the two nuts 127 and 128 with a double nut, the guide pin 112 is fixed without falling out of the unit insertion pipe 70.

FIG. 11 shows a state in which the respective members are connected as described above. FIG. 11 shows the unit insertion pipe 7
The guide pin 112 is inserted from the top of
The outer peripheral surface of the sliding guide 89 is in close contact with the internal space of the unit insertion pipe 70, and the connecting pin 41 is inserted into the long hole 131 of the sliding guide 89. Is inserted. The unit insertion pipe 70, the sliding guide 89, and the connecting pin 41 are vertically skewered by the common guide pin 112. In this state, the upper and lower lengths of the inner diameter of the elongated hole 131 are longer than the outer diameter of the connecting pin 41, so that the connecting pin 4
1 does not prevent the operation of sliding up and down. Although the guide pin 112 is inserted through the connecting pin 41, its axis is aligned with the longer axis of the long hole 131.
It does not prevent the connecting pin 41 from moving up and down along the guide pin 112. Further, since the short inner diameters of the left and right of the long hole 131 are in contact with the outer periphery of the connecting pin 41,
1 is restricted from moving left and right. Due to such a configuration, in FIG. 11, the connecting pin 41 can move only in the vertical direction, and can vibrate vertically relative to the unit insertion pipe 70 and the sliding guide 89.
Thus, the direction in which the connecting pin 41 can move is restricted only up and down by the long hole 131 of the sliding guide 89.

Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 4, the vibration generating adapter 21 in which each component is assembled to the shell 48 is attached to the excavator 10. This attachment procedure is shown in FIG. 2, in which the connecting pin 41 is inserted into the unit insertion pipes 70, 72 and the rotating pipe 29, and the arm 18 and the vibration generating adapter 21 are connected. The connecting pipe 30 fixed to the tip of the rod 25 is inserted between the side plates 50 and 51, and the unit inserting pipes 71 and 7 are inserted.
The rod 25 and the vibration generating adapter 21 are connected by inserting the connecting pin 42 into the connecting pipe 3 and the connecting pipe 30. In this manner, the vibration generating adapter 21 can be hung on the ends of the arm 18 and the rod 25. Then, the rib plate 34
Insert the lower part of the vibration generating adapter 21 between
Bucket pin 43 is inserted into pin hole 38, pin insertion pipe 74,
The bucket pin 44 is inserted into the pin hole 39,
The pin insertion pipe 75 is inserted into the pin hole 37. Thus, the bucket 22 can be hung below the vibration generating adapter 21. To perform a normal excavation operation in such a state, the hydraulic cylinders 17, 20, and 23 are cooperatively extended and retracted, and the bucket 22 is moved up and down to excavate and backfill the earth and sand. be able to.

Then, in order to bring the back surface of the bucket 22 into close contact with the embankment or the backfilled ground and to perform the operation of compacting by giving the vibration from the bucket 22, the hydraulic circuit (not shown) is switched to supply the hydraulic oil to the hydraulic motor 103. I do. Then, the hydraulic motor 103 rotates the output shaft 104, and rotates the rotation shaft 95 and the weight 96 together with the output shaft 104. The position of the center of gravity of the weight 96 is eccentric with respect to the center axis of the rotation shaft 95, and the rotation of the weight 96 generates a vibration corresponding to the deviated weight, and the entire vibration generating adapter 21 vibrates. Although this vibration is generated in all directions with respect to the axis of the rotating shaft 95, the connecting pins 41 and 42 are firmly connected to the arm 18 and the rod 25 on the excavator 10 side. The adapter 21 and the connection pins 41 and 42 are connected by the buffer units 85, 86, 87 and 88 while having elasticity. For this reason, the vibration generated by the vibration generating adapter 21 is directly applied to the connecting pins 41 and 42.
To the buffer units 85, 86, 87, 88
And the vibration is not transmitted to the arm 18 and the rod 25.

The function of absorbing the vibration will be described with reference to FIG. The inside of the buffer unit 86 (85, 87, 88) is filled with a vibration absorber 109, and the inner pipe 108 is held with flexibility at the center of the outer pipe 107. For this reason, even if the connecting pin 41 inserted into the inner pipe 108 vibrates up and down in the figure, the vibration does not
It is absorbed softly. The absorption of the vibration by the elasticity of the vibration absorber 109 is effective when the amplitude of the connecting pin 41 is small, and the vibration is effectively absorbed because the vibration absorber 109 is soft. However, when the amplitude of the connecting pin 41 increases, the inner pipe 108 is pressed against the inner wall of the outer pipe 107 by the connecting pin 41,
Is made to approach the inner wall side of the unit insertion pipe 71.
Then, the outer circumference of the rubber ring 82 (81, 83, 84) vibrating together with the connecting pin 41 comes into contact with the inner wall of the unit insertion pipe 71 (8 in the figure).
2-A or 82-B position). This rubber ring 82
Is made of urethane or the like, which is entirely elastic but harder than the vibration absorber 109. This amplitude will be absorbed by resistance. In this manner, the small amplitude is absorbed by the vibration absorber 109 made of a soft material, and the large amplitude is absorbed by the rubber ring 82 made of a harder material, so that the vibration can be absorbed in two stages. ing.
For this reason, even if the vibration generated by the vibration generating adapter 21 is small or large, a shock due to the vibration is applied to the arm 18.
Is protected from being transmitted to the rod 25.

Further, the direction of the vibration force generated by the vibration generating adapter 21 is directed to the entire circumference, but an appropriate tightening force is not transmitted to the bucket 22 as it is. Therefore, the movement of each sliding guide 89, 90, 91, 92 can be regulated so that the vibration force is transmitted only in the vertical direction. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the left and right outer peripheries of the connecting pins 41 and 42 are in contact with the inner peripheries of the long holes 131 of the sliding guides 89, 90, 91 and 92. 131, each sliding guide 8
The movements of 9, 90, 91 and 92 are restricted so that they can slide only in the vertical direction. For this reason, the vibration generated by the rotation of the weight 96 is guided only in the vertical direction by the connecting pins 41 and 42 in the elliptical hole of the long hole 131. Thus, the vibration generated from the weight 96 is regulated so that the acting force does not go in the entire circumferential direction but goes only in the vertical direction, and the vibration force is applied to the bucket through the pin insertion pipes 74 and 75 and the bucket pins 43 and 44. 22 to be moved up and down. All of the vertical vibrations are transmitted from the back of the bucket 22 to the surface of the embankment and backfill soil, and can compact the earth and sand.

FIGS. 13 and 14 show a second embodiment of the present invention, in which the arm 18 and the rod 25 and the vibration generating adapter 21 can be fixed during excavation work. is there. In the first embodiment, the arm 1
The rod 8 and the rod 25 are resiliently connected to the vibration generating adapter 21, but in this embodiment, fixing and releasing can be selected according to the purpose of the operation.

FIGS. 13 and 14 show only the structure of one unit insertion pipe 171, but this structure is the same as that of the unit insertion pipes 70 and 7 in FIGS. 3 and 4 described above.
As shown at 1, 72, and 73, mechanisms having the same structure are provided at four places on the left, right, front, and rear of the vibration generating adapter 21. A hollow cylindrical unit insertion pipe 171 is fixed to the side surface of the side plate 50 (same as in FIGS. 2 and 3) constituting the vibration generating adapter 21 by welding or the like. Mounting holes 172 and 173 are opened in the upper and lower portions of the vicinity, respectively. The switching between the flexible connection of the vibration generating adapter 21 and the arm 18 and the rod 25 or the fixed connection thereof is performed by the sliding switching member 1.
81. This sliding switching body 18
1 is a slide pipe 182 having a thin round pipe shape,
The slide pipe 182 is formed of a thin reinforcing ring 183 wound like a flange at one end, and the inner periphery of the reinforcing ring 183 is firmly fixed to the outer periphery of the slide pipe 182 by welding or the like. Since the reinforcing ring 183 is integrally fixed like a headband, one end of the slide pipe 182 is reinforced. The inner diameter of the slide pipe 182 is set substantially equal to the outer diameter of the unit insertion pipe 171. And
Elongated long holes 184 and 185 having their major axes aligned in parallel with the axial direction of the slide pipe 182 are opened at positions on the peripheral surface of the slide pipe 182 opposite to the upper and lower sides.

To assemble the slide switching body 181 into the unit insertion pipe 171, insert the slide pipe 182 into the unit insertion pipe 171, align the opening of the mounting hole 172 with the opening of the slot 184, and attach the mounting hole 173 to the slot 185. Adjust the opening of. In this state, the fixing screw 174 is
The base of the fixing screw 174 is inserted into the mounting hole 172, and the base of the fixing screw 174 and the mounting hole 172 are fixed by welding or the like. Similarly, the fixing screw 175 is inserted through the elongated hole 185, the base of the fixing screw 175 is inserted into the mounting hole 173, and the base of the fixing screw 175 and the mounting hole 173 are fixed by welding or the like. This state is shown in FIG. And
The wing nut 176 is screwed into the fixing screw 174, and the wing nut 177 is screwed into the fixing screw 175. By assembling in this manner, the slide pipe 182, that is, the slide switching body 181 can be slid in the length direction of the unit insertion pipe 171 and its movement width is the same as that of the above-described slot 18.
4, 185 openings.

Unit insertion pipe 1 with space inside
A buffer unit 188 and a rubber ring 193 are inserted into 71. The buffer unit 188 has the same structure as the buffer unit 85 shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6. The space between the outer circumference of the inner pipe 189 and the inner circumference of the outer pipe 190 is filled with a vibration absorber 191 made of soft natural rubber. The outer diameter of the outer pipe 190 is set to be substantially equal to the inner diameter of the unit insertion pipe 171. Rubber ring 193
Has a pipe shape with an opening formed at the center, and is made of hard urethane rubber like the rubber ring 81 in FIGS. The outer diameter of the rubber ring 193 is set to be slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the outer pipe 190.

The vibration damper 196 functions to hold the buffer unit 188 and the rubber ring 193 so as not to protrude from the opening of the unit insertion pipe 171, and also functions to absorb vibration and switch between integration. is there.
As shown in FIG. 15, a mounting pipe 197 having a pipe shape is provided at the center of the vibration damping body 196, and a rubber ring is provided at the tip (right side in FIGS. 13, 14, and 15) of the mounting pipe 197. A holding portion 200 having a disk shape slightly smaller than the outer diameter of 193 is formed. Also, the mounting pipe 19
At the center of the outer circumference of the disk 7 is a large disk-shaped flange 19.
8 is formed, and the outer periphery of the flange 198 is wider than the width of the flange 198 and has a circular outer periphery.
Is formed. A female screw 205 is cut and formed on the inner circumference of the mounting pipe 197, and a through hole 201 is vertically opened outside the mounting pipe 197 (on the left side in FIGS. 13, 14, and 15). . In addition, this contact wheel 1
The outer diameter of 99 is set to be substantially equal to the inner circumference of the slide pipe 182 described above.

In order to assemble the buffer unit 188, the rubber ring 193, and the vibration damper 196, the buffer unit 188 can be attached to the unit insertion pipe 171 with the round connecting pin 207. The connecting pin 207 corresponds to the connecting pin 42 shown in FIGS.
A male screw 208 is formed by cutting on the outer periphery of the end of the reference numeral 07, and a through hole 209 is vertically opened at the end of the connection pin 207. The aforementioned buffer unit 188 and rubber ring 193 are inserted into the unit insertion pipe 171 and the side plate 5
Then, the connecting pin 207 is inserted from the back side (right side in FIG. 13, FIG. 14, and FIG. 15). The connection pin 207 penetrates the center of the inner pipe 189 and the rubber ring 193, and the tip protrudes from the left side surface of the rubber ring 193. A vibration damper 196 is attached to the male screw 208 at the tip of the protruding connection pin 207.
Screw 205 of the damper 196
The 0 side is brought into close contact with the side of the rubber ring 193. Then, the bolt 202 is inserted into the through-hole 201 and the through-hole 209 in order to prevent the damping body 196 from being detached from the connecting pin 207. A washer 203 is inserted through the tip of the bolt 202, and then a pair of nuts 204 is screwed in and fixed with a double nut. FIG. 15 shows the assembled state. The vibration damping body 196 and the sliding switching body 181 constitute a vibration regulating mechanism.

In the assembled state, the buffer unit 188 and the rubber ring 193 are housed inside the unit insertion pipe 171, and the vibration damper 196 is
0 is located inside the unit insertion pipe 171, but most is located outside the opening of the unit insertion pipe 171. Buffer unit 188 and rubber ring 19
3 and the holding portion 200 are in close contact with each other so that no rattling occurs in the left and right directions in FIG. And
The outer circumference of the outer pipe 190 of the buffer unit 188 is in close contact with the inner circumference of the unit insertion pipe 171, but the outer circumference of the rubber ring 193 is separated from the inner circumference of the unit insertion pipe 171, and a gap is provided between the two. Have been. When the wing nuts 176 and 177 are loosened, the slide switching body 181 can be slid left and right on the outer periphery of the unit insertion pipe 171, and the amount of movement is within the range of the length of the long holes 184 and 185. When the slide switching body 181 is moved to the right in FIG. 15 and the wing nuts 176 and 177 are tightened, the left end of the slide pipe 182 is at the same position as the left end of the unit insertion pipe 171 and is in the state shown by the solid line. In this position, the contact wheel 199 and the slide pipe 182 do not come into contact with each other, and the vibration damper 196 and the connecting pin 207 can swing freely. When the slide switching body 181 is moved to the left in FIG. 15 and the wing nuts 176 and 177 are tightened, the left end of the slide pipe 182-A is at the same position as the left end of the contact wheel 199, and is in a state shown by a chain line. In this state, the contact wheel 1
99 is housed in the internal space of the slide pipe 182, and the vibration damper 196 and the connecting pin 207 are
-A and the unit insertion pipe 171 are integrally controlled to swing independently.

In the second embodiment, when the vibration is generated by the vibration generating adapter 21 and the vibration is used to compact the embankment and backfill soil on the back of the bucket 22, the slide pipe 182 is moved to the right side in FIG. And set it to the position indicated by the solid line. In this state, the contact wheel 19
The slide pin 182 does not come into contact with the outer periphery of 9 and the connecting pin 207 can swing freely. When the vibration generating adapter 21 vibrates, the side plate 50, the unit insertion pipe 1
71 also vibrates, but since the connecting pin 207 is supported by the arm 18 and the rod 25, it does not move at that position, and the vibration force acts to compress the vibration absorber 191. Can be absorbed. Therefore, no vibration is transmitted to the connection pin 207, and the arm 1
Since the rod 8 and the rod 25 are not vibrated, the cause of a failure such as metal fatigue can be eliminated. And the side plate 5
0, when the amplitude of the unit insertion pipe 171 is large, the outer periphery of the rubber ring 193 contacts the inner periphery of the unit insertion pipe 171, and a large vibration is absorbed by the elasticity of the rubber ring 193. The rubber ring 193 is formed of a urethane rubber material, and is a material harder than the vibration absorber 191 made of natural rubber. Therefore, large vibrations that cannot be absorbed by the vibration absorber 191 can be absorbed by the rubber ring 193. Even though the rubber ring 193 is harder than the vibration absorber 191, it is not a metal that is not deformed. Can be. in this way,
Since vibration can be absorbed in two stages of soft rubber and hard rubber, both small vibration and large vibration can be effectively absorbed, and it is possible to prevent the connection pin 207 from receiving an impact.

When the arm 18 and the rod 25 are swung up and down to dig the earth and sand with the bucket 22, the slide pipe 182 is moved to the left in FIG. When it is moved, the position shown by the slide pipe 182-A and the reinforcing ring 183-A is reached.
And the unit insertion pipe 171 is integrally fixed.
For this reason, even if the arm 18 and the rod 25 are swung, the acting force is still transmitted from the connecting pin 207 via the vibration damper 196, the slide pipe 182 -A, and the unit insertion pipe 171 to which the side plate 50 (the bucket 22 is connected). A) and the bucket 22 can dig up the earth and sand. At this time, since the acting force is not transmitted to the vibration absorber 191 and the rubber ring 193, the deformation due to elasticity is eliminated, and the acting force can be directly transmitted to the bucket 22, so that the excavation work can be made more efficient. it can.

FIG. 16 shows a hydraulic circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this hydraulic circuit, the number of revolutions of the hydraulic motor 103 can be manually adjusted. A hydraulic pump 211 as a hydraulic pressure source is generated by an engine housed inside the mechanical unit 14 shown in FIG.
Is driven, and both output terminals of the hydraulic pump 211
12. A flow control valve 213 and a check valve 215 that can adjust the oil amount are provided at one output end of the on-off valve 212.
Are connected, and the flow control valve 213 and the check valve 215 are connected.
Is connected to one end of a hydraulic motor 103. A check valve 216 is connected to the other end of the hydraulic motor 103, and the check valve 216 is connected to the other end of the on-off valve 212, and a loop-shaped hydraulic circuit connecting the hydraulic pump 211 and the hydraulic motor 103 is provided. Is formed. The flow control valve 213 can control the amount of oil passing therethrough. The flow control valve 213 can be manually rotated to adjust the amount of oil.
4 are provided.

In this hydraulic circuit, the vibration generating adapter 2
In order to generate vibration in the hydraulic motor 1, the on-off valve 212 is switched so that hydraulic oil is supplied from the hydraulic pump 211 to the hydraulic motor 1.
03 to rotate the output shaft 104, the rotation shaft 95, and the weight 96. The pressure oil is supplied from the on-off valve 212 to the flow control valve 21.
3. Pass through the hydraulic motor 103 and the check valve 216,
The oil is returned to the hydraulic pump 211 through the on-off valve 212. Due to the circulation of the pressure oil, the hydraulic motor 103 is continuously rotated, and vibration can be generated due to uneven weight distribution of the weight 96.

The hydraulic oil is supplied by supplying this pressure oil.
When the adjusting knob 214 is rotated during the operation of rotating the oil pump, the cross-sectional area of the oil passage inside the flow rate adjusting valve 213 is changed, and the amount of pressure oil supplied to the hydraulic motor 103 can be increased or decreased. . When the supply amount of the pressure oil changes, the number of rotations of the output shaft 104 by the hydraulic motor 103 can be increased or decreased. When the rotation speed of the output shaft 104 changes,
The rotation speed of the connected rotating shaft 95 and weight 96 also fluctuates, and the frequency of the vibration generated by the vibration generating mechanism 97 can be changed. When the vibration generated by the vibration generating mechanism 97 is transmitted to the vibration generating adapter 21 and the bucket 22, the vibration generating adapter 21 and the bucket 22 resonate at a specific frequency corresponding to their mass. When such a resonance phenomenon occurs, the vibration generating adapter 21 and the bucket 22 shown in FIG.
It vibrates greatly while being hung by 1,42. The large vibration due to the resonance compresses the flexible vibration absorber 109 of the buffer unit 86 in FIG. 12 and causes the rubber ring 82 to collide with the inner wall of the unit insertion pipe 71. When such resonance occurs, rattling and impact are generated in the unit insertion pipe 71, and the impact is transmitted to the arm 18 and the rod 25 and causes a failure. In addition, unnecessary impact force causes the energy that should otherwise be transmitted to the bucket 22 to be worn away, and the effect of tightening the embankment and backfill soil to be reduced. Such a phenomenon can be prevented if the hydraulic motor 103 is rotated at a high speed and the vibration generating mechanism 97 generates a high frequency. However, if the frequency is high, the bucket 22 vibrates finely, the amplitude amount becomes small, and the effect of compaction becomes weak. For this reason, it is desirable that the frequency generated by the vibration generating mechanism 97 be a frequency that does not resonate, and that the amount of amplitude be an amount that compaction by the bucket 22 is effective.

In setting the frequency, first, the adjustment knob 2
14 is rotated to the highest position, and then gradually rotated to squeeze the adjustment knob 214. Then, the flow control valve 2
Reference numeral 13 controls the amount of oil to be passed so as to gradually decrease the amount of oil from the maximum amount. Then, the hydraulic motor 103 operates by gradually lowering the rotation speed from the high-speed rotation speed.
And the bucket 22 do not resonate, and the amplitude of the amplitude reaches an optimum frequency for the compaction action of the bucket 22, the rotation of the adjustment knob 214 is stopped. By adjusting the adjustment knob 214 in this manner, the amount of the pressure oil throttled by the flow rate adjustment valve 213 can rotate the hydraulic motor 103 at a frequency at which compaction can be maximized without resonance. By such adjustment, the amount of vibration generated by the rotation of the hydraulic motor 103 is reduced by the connecting pin 41,
Even if 42 vibrates, it can be contracted to a range where the amplitude can be absorbed by the buffer unit 85 and the rubber ring 81.
Then, the vibration of the frequency generated by the vibration generating mechanism 97 can be absorbed by the buffer unit 85 and the rubber ring 81, and does not transmit an impact in the direction of the arm 18 and the rod 25, but can be transmitted only in the direction of the bucket 22, The embankment and backfill soil can be compacted efficiently.

FIG. 17 shows a second embodiment of a hydraulic circuit capable of automatically setting the rotation speed of the hydraulic motor 103, that is, the frequency of the vibration generating mechanism 97. In this embodiment, the adjustment of the oil amount as shown in FIG. 16 is performed automatically.

The output terminals of the hydraulic pump 211 are connected to an on-off valve 212. A flow control valve 221 and a check valve 215 capable of adjusting the amount of oil are connected to one output end of the on-off valve 212. The other ends of the flow control valve 221 and the check valve 215 are connected to one end of the hydraulic motor 103. is there. A check valve 216 is provided at the other end of the hydraulic motor 103.
The check valve 216 is connected to the other end of the on-off valve 212, and the hydraulic pump 211 and the hydraulic motor 1 are connected.
A hydraulic circuit in the form of a loop that connects the three hydraulic circuits 03 is formed. The flow rate control valve 221 can control the flow rate of the pressure oil flowing inside the flow rate control valve 221, and the flow rate can be adjusted by the servomotor 229 by an electric signal. By operating the servomotor 229, the flow regulating valve 221 linked to the output shaft of the servomotor 229 opens and closes, whereby the oil amount can be varied between the minimum and the maximum, and the servomotor 229 is fixed. Thus, the flow control valve 221 can be maintained at a specific opening angle.

In this embodiment, a vibration sensor 224 for detecting the amount of vibration is fixed to the side surface of the arm 18, and the output of the vibration sensor 224 is transmitted to the amplifier circuit 225, and the output of the amplifier circuit 225 is The information is transmitted to the determination circuit 226. The discrimination signal output by the discrimination circuit 226 according to the amplitude is transmitted to the motor control circuit 227, and the servo motor 229 is driven by the output of the motor control circuit 227. The motor control circuit 2
27 is connected to a reset button 228 for returning the operation to the initial state and changing the set value by changing the bucket 22 or the like. The amplification circuit 225, the discrimination circuit 226, the motor control circuit 227, the reset button 228, and the servomotor 229 constitute a rotation speed setting mechanism 223 that can automatically adjust the pressure oil supply amount. The rotation speed setting mechanism 223 automatically controls the flow rate of the pressure oil, and can automatically control the hydraulic motor 103 at a rotation speed that does not generate a large amplitude.

The operation of this embodiment will be described.
The pressure oil generated by the hydraulic pump 211 passes through the flow control valve 221 by switching the on-off valve 212, is supplied to the hydraulic motor 103, and the pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic motor 103 passes through the check valve 216 and the on-off valve 212. After passing, it is returned to the hydraulic pump 211. The pressure oil is supplied to the hydraulic motor 103 by the flow path formed in this manner, and the output shaft 104, the rotation shaft 95, and the weight 96 are rotated, so that the weight of the weight 96 becomes uneven by the same operation as described above. Vibration can be generated by the distribution.

In order to generate vibration at an optimum frequency corresponding to the mass of the bucket 22 during such an operation, automatic setting is performed by the rotation number setting mechanism 223. First, when the reset button 228 is pressed, the motor control circuit 227 determines that the reset has been performed, and operates the servo motor 229 to narrow down the flow control valve 221 to the minimum flow rate. If the servomotor 229 operates until the opening of the flow control valve 221 becomes the minimum, then the servomotor 229 slowly starts the flow control valve 221.
Are operated in the reverse direction to open so that the amount of oil passing through the flow control valve 221 increases. For this reason, the hydraulic motor 10
3, the amount of pressure oil supplied to the output shaft 1 gradually increases.
The number of revolutions of 04 increases. As the rotation speed of the output shaft 104 increases, the frequency of the vibration generated by the weight 96 increases. Due to the increase in the frequency, the resonance occurs due to the mass of the bucket 22 and the vibration generating adapter 21 at a certain specific frequency. Due to the frequency, the bucket 22 and the vibration generating adapter 21 are largely shaken, and a phenomenon that the vertical amplitude is extremely increased occurs. Due to this resonance phenomenon, the buffer unit 85 and the rubber ring 81 are compressed by the increased amplitude, and the unit insertion pipes 70, 71, 72, 73 give an impact to the connecting pins 41, 42, respectively, and the connecting pins 41, 42 Vibration is transmitted to the connected arm 18 and rod 25.

This vibration is detected by a vibration sensor 224 fixed to the arm 18 and its detection output is
After being amplified at 5, the signal is transmitted to the determination circuit 226. The determination circuit 226 determines whether the vibration generated by the arm 18 is a simple vibration or a vibration due to an impact due to resonance. And, as it is, the servo motor 22
9 to open the flow control valve 221 to increase the oil amount, the hydraulic motor 103 rotates at a frequency slightly higher than the resonance frequency. At that frequency, the bucket 22 and the vibration generating adapter 21 do not resonate, and vibrate at an amplitude within a range where the buffer unit 85 and the rubber ring 81 are compressed. As described above, when the oil amount at which the hydraulic motor 103 rotates to a frequency that does not cause vibration due to resonance after passing through the resonance point is reached, the determination circuit 22
6 determines that the oil amount is the optimal oil amount for operating the hydraulic motor 103, that is, the vibration generating mechanism 97, and outputs a signal to stop operation to the motor control circuit 227. Then, the motor control circuit 227 stops the operation of the servomotor 229 and stops the operation of opening the opening of the flow control valve 221 according to the signal transmitted from the determination circuit 226. In this state, the position of the servo motor 229 is fixed, and the throttle amount of the opening of the flow control valve 221 is maintained while being set. In addition, the motor control circuit 227 stores the operation position of the servo motor 229 in an internal nonvolatile memory or the like. Remember. The storage by the motor control circuit 227 is continued until the reset button 228 is pressed next time.

With such a series of movements, the servomotor 229 gradually increases the opening of the flow rate control valve 221 from the lowest oil amount, passes through the resonating frequency, and causes the bucket 22 to reach the optimal frequency (amplitude) for tightening. ) Can be automatically set to the amount of oil. The state in which the optimal oil amount is specified is stored in the motor control circuit 227,
Then, it can be maintained until the reset button 228 is pressed. The setting of the stored optimal oil amount is continued with the same oil amount while using the bucket 22 having the same weight. When the bucket 22 is replaced with another type of bucket or a bucket having a different weight depending on the compacting work, it is necessary to readjust the oil amount again to obtain an optimal amount of oil. When the bucket 22 has been replaced, the reset button 228 is pressed, and the flow control valve 221 is operated in the same operation procedure as described above.
, The amount of oil to the hydraulic motor 103 can be automatically controlled to a rotational speed that does not resonate.
The operation of the hydraulic circuit for automatic frequency setting in FIG.
8 is shown.

[0078]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, excavation work and compaction work can be performed by interposing an adapter between an arm and a bucket of a conventionally used excavator. . Therefore, there is no need for an operator to enter the dugout groove or hole and operate the vibrator, and the danger of the operator can be eliminated.
Also, unlike the conventional work, there is no need to prepare an excavator and a vibrator at the work site. Operating efficiency is increased.

The compaction vibration is generated by a vibration generating mechanism, and the vibration force is transmitted to a bucket connected to the adapter. A buffer mechanism for absorbing the vibration in two stages is provided between the adapter and the arm. Because of the interposition, the vibration generated by the adapter is not transmitted to the arm side. In this damping mechanism, a vibration having a small amplitude is softly absorbed, and when a vibration having a large amplitude equal to or more than a certain amplitude is generated, the vibration can be absorbed with hard elasticity. For this reason, even if a large vibration suddenly occurs in the compacting operation, a large amplitude is received with hard elasticity, so that no impact is transmitted to the arm. Since small or large vibrations are not transmitted to the arm, damage due to metal fatigue or the like can be prevented. This vibration generating adapter is composed of a shell that is firmly connected to the bucket, a vibration generating mechanism that is housed in the shell to generate vibration, and a buffer that connects the arm and the shell with elastic force. Therefore, there is an effect that the mechanism is simplified and the weight is reduced. For this reason, even if the excavator is operated, the weight applied to the tip of the arm does not become heavy, and the operation in the arm operation becomes quick (claim 1).

When the excavation work is performed by the bucket, the adapter and the arm are connected and fixed by the vibration regulating mechanism, so that the acting force from the arm can be directly transmitted to the bucket, and the excavation work efficiency can be improved. When compacting work is performed with a bucket by vibration, the vibration restricting mechanism is released, and the adapter and the arm are connected with elasticity, so that the vibration of the adapter is not transmitted to the arm.

The compaction vibration is generated by a vibration generating mechanism, and the vibration force is generated in a 360-degree circumferential direction, but a movement in one direction is allowed between the arm and the adapter. The vibration is directed only up and down in the direction of the bucket due to the provision of a motion regulating mechanism. Therefore, the bucket does not vibrate back and forth, only vibrates up and down,
It can act as a force for compacting the embankment, the slope, etc., which are in contact with the back surface of the bucket. Vibration energy generated from the vibration generation mechanism can be transmitted in the direction of the bucket, all the energy can be directed to compaction of the earth and sand, and the work efficiency can be improved (claim 3).

In this shock absorbing mechanism, a first shock absorber made of a soft material filled between the insertion pipe and the connection pin is fixed to the circumference of the connection pin, and has a space between the circumference and the inner wall of the insertion pipe. And a second buffer made of hard material. Therefore, the vibration having a small amplitude can be absorbed by the first buffer, and can be vibrated by the vibration width of the gap between the periphery of the second buffer and the inner circumference of the insertion pipe.
When a vibration with a large amplitude occurs, the outer periphery of the second buffer collides with the inner periphery of the insertion pipe with hard elasticity, and the vibration can be absorbed by the elastic force.

A detachable vibration damper is provided between the insertion pipe provided on the adapter and the connection pin fixed to the arm, and it is possible to switch between inserting and removing the vibration damper between the two. Can be. This is a vibration control mechanism, which allows the arm and the adapter to be fixed and the degree of freedom to be changed, so that when excavating with a bucket, the adapter and the arm can be firmly connected, and when compacting with a bucket, the adapter is attached to the arm. It can be connected with elasticity at the tip. By this switching, the force from the arm can be reliably transmitted to the bucket, and the vibration can be given a degree of freedom so that the vibration is not transmitted to the arm side.
Switching can be performed according to the content of the work (claim 5).

The movement restricting mechanism has an elliptical long hole formed in the center thereof, and a connecting pin communicating with the arm is inserted into the long hole, and the arm is moved in one direction in the long hole. Can only slide. Although this configuration is simple, the vibration can be regulated by concentrating the vibration in one direction, and the acting force can be concentrated only in the direction in which the bucket is compacted. Furthermore, since one arm has elasticity with a buffer, the direction of vibration can be regulated by the regulation mechanism, so that the connection between the arm and the shell and the movement regulation can be operated with one connection pin. The mechanism can be simplified (claim 6).

Further, in the vibration generating mechanism, the eccentric weight is rotated by a hydraulic motor to generate vibration.
By changing the flow rate of the pressure oil supplied to the hydraulic motor by the adjusting valve, it is possible to avoid the resonance frequency generated by the mass of the bucket to be attached and to set the rotation speed to a frequency with high vibration efficiency. In the vibration by the bucket, when the frequency is high and the amplitude is small, the compaction effect is weakened. However, when the frequency is low, resonance occurs and a large impact is given to the arm side. For this reason, it is possible to set a frequency of an amplitude amount that is efficient for work while avoiding a specific resonance frequency (claim 7).

A sensor for detecting vibration is provided on the arm, and an adjusting valve for reducing the amount of oil by electric control is interposed between the hydraulic motor and the oil passage of the hydraulic pump. The regulating valve is controlled by a number setting mechanism. Therefore, when resonance occurs due to the mass of the bucket, the vibration is transmitted to the arm,
The control valve is controlled by detecting the vibration with a sensor, so that an appropriate oil amount that does not operate the hydraulic motor can be automatically set at a resonating frequency. With this mechanism, without considering the mass of the replaced bucket,
The rotation speed setting mechanism can automatically determine the amount of oil at the frequency that resonates, and set the hydraulic motor to supply an appropriate amount of oil that avoids the amount of oil corresponding to the resonating speed. Therefore, even if the bucket is replaced for the purpose of the work, the vibration generating mechanism can be automatically operated at the optimum frequency.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a state in which a vibration generating adapter according to the present invention is mounted on an excavator and used.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a procedure for mounting the vibration generating adapter of the present invention between an arm and a bucket.

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing members for assembling a main shell of the vibration generating adapter of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a procedure of assembling various components into the shell of the vibration generating adapter of the present invention, and showing the components in an exploded manner.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a buffer unit, a rubber ring, and a washer used in the vibration generating adapter of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the cushioning unit, rubber ring, and washer used in the vibration generating adapter of the present invention, taken along line AA in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a side view in a state where the vibration generating adapter of the present invention is assembled and the assembled state.

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of the vibration generating adapter of the present invention assembled and cut at the center thereof.

9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 7 in a state where the vibration generating adapter of the present invention is assembled.

FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view showing main components, showing a configuration of a sliding guide used in the vibration generating adapter of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a sliding guide used in the vibration generating adapter of the present invention, in which the vicinity of the sliding guide is cut vertically.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a buffer unit and a rubber ring in the vibration generating adapter of the present invention are inserted into a unit insertion pipe.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the vibration generating adapter according to the present invention, and showing a modified example of a unit insertion pipe for holding a buffer unit and a rubber ring.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the vibration generating adapter of the present invention, showing a state in which a slide pipe is inserted through a unit insertion pipe.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing a second embodiment of the vibration generating adapter of the present invention, showing a buffer unit inserted into a unit insertion pipe and a rubber ring.

FIG. 16 is a hydraulic circuit diagram in which pressure oil is supplied by the vibration generation adapter of the present invention to generate vibration, and the frequency of the vibration can be adjusted.

FIG. 17 is a hydraulic circuit diagram capable of generating vibration by supplying pressure oil with the vibration generating adapter of the present invention and automatically adjusting the frequency of the vibration.

FIG. 18 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of a hydraulic circuit capable of automatically adjusting pressure oil with the vibration generating adapter of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Excavator 11 Body 18 Arm 21 Vibration adapter 22 Bucket 25 Rod 30 Connection pipe 41 Connection pin 42 Connection pin 43 Bucket pin 44 Bucket pin 48 Shell 50 Side plate 51 Side plate 70 Unit insertion pipe 71 Unit insertion pipe 72 Unit insertion pipe 73 Unit insertion pipe 81 Rubber ring as second buffer 82 Rubber ring as second buffer 83 Rubber ring as second buffer 84 Rubber ring as second buffer 85 As first buffer Buffer unit 86 buffer unit as first buffer unit 87 buffer unit as first buffer unit 88 buffer unit as first buffer unit 89 sliding guide as movement regulating mechanism 90 sliding as movement regulating mechanism Guide 91 Sliding as a movement regulating mechanism Guide 92 Sliding guide as movement regulating mechanism 97 Vibration generating mechanism 103 Hydraulic motor 107 Outer pipe 108 Inner pipe 109 Anti-vibration rubber 131 Long hole 196 Damper 211 Hydraulic pump as hydraulic pressure generating source 213 Flow control valve 221 Flow control valve 223 Rotation speed setting mechanism 224 Vibration sensor

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. An arm comprising a movable vehicle body, an arm attached to the vehicle body and capable of swinging up and down, a vibration generating adapter connected to a tip of the arm, and a bucket connected to a front side of the vibration generating adapter. By swinging the, the bucket can perform the excavation work of the earth and sand, and the mechanism that can transmit the vibration generated from the vibration generation adapter to the bucket and perform the compaction work of the earth and sand, the vibration generation adapter is , A shell that is firmly connected to the bucket, a vibration generating mechanism that is housed in the shell to generate vibration, and an arm and the shell that are connected with elastic force, soft for small vibrations and soft for large vibrations A vibration generating adapter for an excavator, comprising: 2. An arm comprising a movable vehicle body, an arm attached to the vehicle body and capable of swinging up and down, a vibration generating adapter connected to a tip of the arm, and a bucket connected to a front side of the vibration generating adapter. By swinging the, the bucket can perform the excavation work of the earth and sand, and the mechanism that can transmit the vibration generated from the vibration generation adapter to the bucket and perform the compaction work of the earth and sand, the vibration generation adapter is , A shell that is firmly connected to the bucket, a vibration generating mechanism that is housed in the shell to generate vibration, and an arm and the shell that are connected with elastic force, soft for small vibrations and soft for large vibrations It is hard and has a buffer mechanism that supports two steps, and it is interposed between the arm and the shell, and can switch between allowing and fixing both vibrations A vibration generation adapter for an excavator, comprising: a vibration control mechanism capable of controlling vibration. 3. An arm comprising a movable vehicle body, an arm attached to the vehicle body and capable of swinging up and down, a vibration generating adapter connected to a tip of the arm, and a bucket connected to a front side of the vibration generating adapter. By swinging the, the bucket can perform the excavation work of the earth and sand, and the mechanism that can transmit the vibration generated from the vibration generation adapter to the bucket and perform the compaction work of the earth and sand, the vibration generation adapter is , A shell that is firmly connected to the bucket, a vibration generating mechanism that is housed in the shell to generate vibration, and an arm and the shell that are connected with elastic force, soft for small vibrations and soft for large vibrations It is composed of a shock-absorbing mechanism that supports two steps, A vibration generating adapter for an excavator. 4. The buffer mechanism has an insertion pipe fixed to a shell, a connection pin fixed to an arm and capable of vibrating in the insertion pipe, and a soft elastic force filled between the insertion pipe and the connection pin. The first shock absorber and a second shock absorber which is fixed to the outer periphery of the connecting pin and has a hard elasticity, the periphery of which is spaced from the inner surface of the insertion pipe. Item 4. The vibration generating adapter for an excavator according to items 1, 2 and 3. 5. The vibration control mechanism comprises: an insertion pipe fixed to a shell, a connection pin fixed to an arm and capable of vibrating in the insertion pipe, and a vibration damper detachable between the insertion pipe and the connection pin. 3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein
An excavator vibration generating adapter as described. 6. The excavator according to claim 3, wherein the movement restricting mechanism has an elliptical elongated hole formed at the center thereof, and a connecting pin communicating with the arm is inserted into the elongated hole. Vibration generating adapter. 7. An arm comprising a movable vehicle body, an arm attached to the vehicle body and capable of swinging up and down, a vibration generating adapter connected to a tip of the arm, and a bucket connected to a front side of the vibration generating adapter. By swinging the, the bucket can perform the excavation work of the earth and sand, and the vibration generated by the vibration generation adapter can be transmitted to the bucket to perform the compaction work of the earth and sand. A hydraulic motor that operates by supplying pressure oil and rotates the eccentric weight is provided, and an adjustment valve that can manually adjust the flow rate of pressure oil supplied between the hydraulic motor and the pressure oil supply source is provided. An excavator vibration generating adapter that is interposed. 8. An arm comprising a movable vehicle body, an arm attached to the vehicle body and capable of swinging up and down, a vibration generating adapter connected to a tip of the arm, and a bucket connected to a front side of the vibration generating adapter. By swinging the, the bucket can perform the excavation work of the earth and sand, and the vibration generated by the vibration generation adapter can be transmitted to the bucket to perform the compaction work of the earth and sand. A regulating valve that operates by supplying pressure oil and rotates a deviated weight is provided, and the flow rate of pressure oil supplied between the hydraulic motor and the pressure oil supply source can be adjusted by electric control. With a sensor that detects vibration on the arm,
An excavator having a rotation speed setting mechanism disposed between the sensor and the adjustment valve for determining an opening angle of the adjustment valve so as to determine a rotation speed that avoids a resonance frequency by judging vibration transmitted to the arm. Vibration generating adapter.