JPH0518627A - Absorption type cold and hot water apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the dimensions and weight of the whole of the title apparatus by providing a float valve, which is actuated by an absorption liquid level in an absorber, on the way of a pipeline system for supplying an absorption liquid to the absorber. CONSTITUTION:A high-temperature and highly concentrated solution sent from a high-temperature regenerator 4 is diluted by a condensed refrigerant in an evaporator 1 and, as a result, a liquid level in an absorption liquid tank 22 positioned underneath an absorber 2 is elevated. According to the elevation of this liquid level, a float 12a of a float valve 12 is floated to fully open the valve. Consequently, the high- temperature solution is directly led to the absorption liquid tank 22 without being supplied to a solution spray 9. Therefor, there is no need for using a solution having low concentration because the solution is not sprayed to a heat transfer tube 10 of the absorber, and there is no need for expanding the capacities of a refrigerant tank 21 and absorption liquid tank 22. Thus, a heating cycle can be established regardless of the concentration of a solution at the time of heating operation, whereby a holding quantity of refrigerant can be decreased. Further, since the capacities of the refrigerant tank 21 and absorption liquid tank 22 can be made smaller, this makes it possible to reduce the dimensions and weight of a cold and hot water apparatus.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an absorption chiller-heater, and more particularly to means for preventing heat influence on a heat transfer tube in an absorber during a heating operation cycle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Absorption refrigerators use thermal energy such as steam, hot water, gas, kerosene, and heavy oil as a drive source.
Heating operation is possible by utilizing the heat source. Therefore, the market has recently been remarkably expanding due to the merit that one machine can generate hot and cold water.

In the heating operation, the temperature inside the machine is generally higher than that in the cooling operation. In the conventional heating cycle, since the same solution circulation system as the cooling cycle is used, the solution from the regenerator is sprayed to the heat transfer tubes in the absorber during the heating operation as in the cooling operation, or It was dripping. A device related to this kind of device is disclosed in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 59-9038.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention
There were the following problems and restrictions. The high-temperature, high-concentration solution from the high-temperature regenerator is supplied to the solution sprayer in the absorber or the solution dropping device after passing through the solution heat exchanger due to the structure that uses the same piping system as the refrigerant cycle. It was sprayed or dropped on the absorber heat transfer tube. Copper is generally used as the material for the heat transfer tube, and 80 to 8 is used as a heat resistant standard.
Since the use limit is 5 ° C., it was necessary to change the material of the heat transfer tube to an expensive cupronickel tube or the like, or to lower the concentration of the spray liquid to lower the saturation temperature.

For example, when the hot water temperature is 60 ° C., the internal pressure of the evaporator is about 160 mmHg, and the internal pressure of the absorber communicating therewith is also the same. When using the lithium bromide aqueous solution that is generally used for the absorbing solution (solution), the temperature of the solution sprayed or dropped on the heat transfer tube of the absorber becomes the saturation temperature of the internal pressure and the solution concentration. , Its limit concentration is 44 to 47.5 wt%.

During the cooling operation, this concentration is about 60w.
Since it is t%, in the heating operation, a large amount of refrigerant is supplied to the absorber to thin the absorption liquid, so that it is necessary to increase the volume of the refrigerant tank below the evaporator. Along with this, in order to store a large amount of thin absorption liquid increased by the supply refrigerant, it is necessary to increase the volume of the absorption liquid tank located below the absorber. The above is summarized below.

1) Since the high-temperature absorbing liquid (solution) is sprayed or dropped on the heat transfer tube in the absorber, it is necessary to use a heat transfer tube made of a material in consideration of heat resistance, resulting in an increase in cost. 2) In order to use heat transfer tubes made of general materials such as copper tubes,
Since a large amount of refrigerant is supplied to the absorber, it is necessary to increase the holding volume of the refrigerant. In addition, since a large amount of thinned absorbing liquid is held, the absorbing liquid tank in the absorber must also have a large volume, which inevitably leads to an increase in cost and an increase in size of the machine.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. It is possible to increase the amount of refrigerant and the volume of the absorbing liquid without using a heat transfer tube made of an expensive material. It is an object of the present invention to provide an absorption chiller-heater capable of heating operation in which the entire machine is made smaller and lighter.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, the structure of the first invention relating to the absorption chiller-heater of the present invention is an evaporator, an absorber, a condenser, a high temperature regenerator, and a low temperature regeneration. Vessel, solution heat exchanger, solution circulation pump, refrigerant pump, and an absorption chiller-heater consisting of piping operatively connecting these, in the middle of the piping system for supplying the absorbing liquid to the absorber, It is provided with a float valve that operates depending on the absorption liquid level.

Further, in order to achieve the above object, the structure of the second invention relating to the absorption chiller-heater of the present invention is based on the same premise as the first invention, to the absorbent dispersion means in the absorber. A bypass pipe provided with a valve means is provided in the middle of a pipe system for supplying the absorbing liquid, and the bypass pipe is connected to the absorbing liquid tank portion of the absorber.

The specific description is as follows. For spraying or dripping the solution to the absorber heat transfer tube, which is required in the cooling operation cycle, in the present invention, a bypass pipe is provided so that the solution is directly introduced into the tank below the absorber during the heating operation cycle. is there. The material of the absorbent tank under the absorber is generally structural carbon steel (SS material).
Since it is composed of, it has sufficient heat resistance as compared with a heat transfer tube made of copper or the like, and can cope with a high concentration, high temperature solution to be guided. This bypass pipe is opened and closed by a manual valve, an electrically operated valve when automatically operated, or a float valve that opens by the liquid level of the absorbing liquid (solution) that increases and rises during heating.

[0012]

The function of the above technical means is as follows. Manual valve of bypass pipe installed in the middle of solution supply pipe to the solution spraying or dropping device at the top of the absorber,
Alternatively, by opening the electric valve during the heating operation, the solution is directly introduced into the solution tank below the absorber without being sprayed or dropped on the heat transfer tube. In addition, when a float valve that opens at the absorbing liquid level that rises by providing the refrigerant to the absorbing liquid side during heating operation is provided,
The above-mentioned solution bypass can be automatically performed without artificial operation.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Each embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. [Embodiment 1] FIG. 1 is a system diagram of an absorption chiller-heater according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is an evaporator,
2 is an absorber, 3 is a condenser, 4 is a high temperature regenerator, 5 is a low temperature regenerator, 6 is a solution heat exchanger, 7 is a solution circulation pump, 8 is a refrigerant pump, and 9 is an upper part in the absorber 2. Solution spray (may be a solution dropping device) related to the absorbing solution spraying means, 10
Is an absorber heat transfer pipe for circulating cooling water in the absorber 2, 11 is a solution bypass pipe, which is provided in the middle of a solution supply pipe 23 for supplying the solution from the solution circulation pump 7 to the solution spray 9 is there. 12 is a solution bypass pipe 11
It is a float valve equipped in.

Further, 13 is a refrigerant supply pipe to the absorber for balancing the absorbing liquid at a constant concentration during heating operation, 1
Reference numeral 5 is a refrigerant vapor supply pipe for supplying the high temperature refrigerant vapor 18 generated in the high temperature regenerator 4 to the evaporator 1, 14, 16
Are the refrigerant supply pipe 13 and the refrigerant vapor supply pipe 15, respectively.
Is a cycle switching valve equipped in. Reference numeral 17 is a heating source of the high temperature regenerator 4, 19 is an evaporator heat transfer tube for circulating cold water in the evaporator 1, 21 is a refrigerant tank, and 22 is an absorbing liquid tank below the absorber 2. .

Next, the heating operation of the absorption chiller-heater shown in FIG. 1 will be described. The solution in the high temperature regenerator 4 which is heated and concentrated by the heating source 17 generates a high temperature refrigerant vapor 18. This refrigerant vapor 18 passes through the low temperature regenerator 5,
It is guided to the evaporator 1 via the refrigerant vapor supply pipe 15 and the switching valve 16. Here, the refrigerant vapor heats the warm water 20 (cooling water) that is passed through the heat transfer tube 19, and is condensed and liquefied from itself. On the other hand, the solution concentrated in the high temperature regenerator 4 is supplied to the absorber 2 via the solution heat exchanger 6 and the solution supply pipe 23. For the purpose of diluting this high-temperature, high-concentration solution to a constant concentration, the refrigerant condensed and liquefied in the evaporator 1 is transferred from the refrigerant tank 21 to the refrigerant pump 8 via the refrigerant supply pipe 13 and the switching valve 14 to the absorber. 2 is supplied to the absorbent inside.

Solution bypass pipe 1 provided by this embodiment
1 and the float valve 12 can solve the above-mentioned conventional problems as follows. The high-temperature, high-concentration solution from the high-temperature regenerator 4 is thinned by the condensed refrigerant of the evaporator 1 supplied via the refrigerant supply pipe 13 and the switching valve 14, and therefore the absorbent tank 22 located below the absorber 2 The liquid level inside rises. Due to this rise in the liquid level, the float 12a of the float valve 12 floats and the valve is fully opened. Therefore, the high temperature solution is not directly supplied to the solution spray 9 but is directly introduced to the absorbing solution tank 22. Therefore, since it is not sprayed (or dropped) to the absorber heat transfer tube 10, the concentration of the solution does not need to be thin, and the volumes of the refrigerant tank 21 and the absorbing solution tank 22 do not need to be large.

As described above, according to this embodiment, since the heating cycle can be constructed independently of the solution concentration during heating, the amount of refrigerant held can be reduced, and the volumes of the refrigerant tank 21 and the absorbing liquid tank 22 can be reduced. Since it is possible to reduce the size, it is possible to reduce the size and weight of the water heater. Further, since the necessary constituent parts are only one bypass pipe 11 and the float valve 12, a great cost reduction can be realized.

[Embodiment 2] Next, FIG. 2 is a system diagram of an absorption chiller-heater according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the figure,
The same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 are the same as those in the previous embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted. The embodiment of FIG. 2 differs from the embodiment of FIG. 1 in that a manual valve 24 is used instead of the float valve 12 of the solution bypass pipe 11. By operating the manual valve 24 to be closed during the cooling operation and opened during the heating operation, the high-concentration and high-temperature solution during the heating can be stored in the absorbent tank 22 without being sprayed or dropped onto the absorber heat transfer tube 10. Can be bypassed. Although the embodiment of FIG. 2 requires manual operation, the structure is simpler than that of the float valve 12 of FIG. 1, so that the same effect can be expected at a lower cost.

[Embodiment 3] Next, FIG. 3 is a system diagram of an absorption chiller-heater according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, those having the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 are the same parts as those in the previous embodiments, and therefore their explanations are omitted. The embodiment of FIG. 3 is different from the embodiment of FIG. 2 in that instead of the manual valve 24 of the solution bypass pipe 11, an automatic valve 2 of an electric type or the like is used.
5 was used. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, automatic switching between cooling and heating is made possible by opening and closing a valve by operating a switch from the machine side or from a distance.

[0020]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the entire machine can be used without using a heat transfer tube made of an expensive material, and without increasing the refrigerant holding amount and the absorbing liquid side volume. It is possible to provide an absorption chiller-heater that is small and lightweight and that can be operated in heating.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of an absorption chiller-heater according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram of an absorption chiller-heater according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a system diagram of an absorption chiller-heater according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 evaporator 2 absorber 3 condenser 4 High temperature regenerator 5 Low temperature regenerator 6 Solution heat exchanger 7 Solution circulation pump 8 Refrigerant pump 9 solution spray 10 Absorber heat transfer tube 11 Solution bypass piping 12 float valve 21 Refrigerant tank 22 Absorbing liquid tank 23 Solution supply pipe 24 Manual valve 25 Automatic valve

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An evaporator, an absorber, a condenser, a high temperature regenerator,
In an absorption chiller-heater consisting of a low-temperature regenerator, a solution heat exchanger, a solution circulation pump, a refrigerant pump, and pipes that operatively connect these, the absorption system in the middle of the pipe system that supplies the absorption liquid to the absorber An absorption chiller-heater equipped with a float valve that operates according to the level of the absorbing liquid in the vessel. 2. An evaporator, an absorber, a condenser, a high temperature regenerator,
In an absorption chiller-heater that consists of a low-temperature regenerator, a solution heat exchanger, a solution circulation pump, a refrigerant pump, and piping that operatively connects these, a piping system that supplies the absorbent to the absorbent dispersion means in the absorber. An absorption chiller-heater characterized in that a bypass pipe equipped with a valve means is provided in the middle of, and connected to the absorbent tank of the absorber. 3. The absorption chiller-heater according to claim 2, wherein the valve means is closed during the cooling operation and opened during the heating operation.