JPH05185373A - Diamond dresser - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To endow the above diamond dresser with a stable dressing performance and perform precision grinding by installing columnar diamond of monocrystal, having approx. the same section form in the longitudinal direction, so that the end face is exposed at the dressing surface. CONSTITUTION:Columnar diamond 18 of monocrystal having approx. the same section form over the longitudinal is installed so that the end face is exposed at the dressing surface 16. Even though wear of the dresser 10 progresses, the section does not deform because of the columnar form of diamond 18, and grain separation is less compared with granular diamond. This eliminates risk of generating dispersion in the grinding surface of the grinding wheel or dropping the preciseness of the work, which was ground therewith, resulting from varying dressing performance or separation of the diamond 18 in the course of wearing of the dresser 10.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a diamond dresser, and more particularly to a technique for obtaining a stable dressing performance in relation to the receding of a dressing surface.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A diamond has a dressing surface buried in a partially exposed state, and by pressing the dressing surface against the grinding surface of a rotating grinding wheel, the dressing of the grinding wheel, that is, dressing and shape. A diamond dresser for repairing is known. Among such diamond dressers, a type in which granular diamonds are embedded, particularly a multi-stone diamond dresser in which a plurality of granular diamonds are embedded is inexpensive because a small-sized diamond can be used, and a plurality of granular Since the diamond participates in the dressing at the same time, it has the characteristic of increasing the feed rate of the dresser.

[0003]

By the way, in the conventional diamond dresser in which the above-mentioned granular diamond is buried, the dressing conditions change due to the change of the sectional shape of the granular diamond as the granular diamond wears. At the same time, since the grinding surface of the grinding wheel may be roughened due to grain removal of granular diamond, even if dressing is performed under the same dressing conditions, the accuracy of the grinding surface of the grinding wheel varies and high-precision grinding processing becomes difficult. There were cases. That is, since the dressing performance of the dresser itself changes, even if the grinding wheel is subjected to dressing under constant conditions at predetermined time intervals, the accuracy of the ground work may vary unexpectedly.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a diamond dresser having stable dressing performance and capable of highly accurate grinding.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] A first object of the present invention to achieve the above object is to have a dressing surface in which diamond is embedded, and the dressing surface is used as a grinding surface of a grinding wheel. In the diamond dresser of the type in which the grinding whetstone is pressed to perform dressing, the single crystal columnar diamond having substantially the same cross-sectional shape in the longitudinal direction is arranged so that the end surface is exposed on the dressing surface.

[0006]

[Effects and Effects of the Invention] In this way, even if the dresser wears, the cross-sectional shape of the diamond does not change because it is columnar, and there is no shedding compared to granular diamond. .. Therefore, it is possible to prevent variations in the grinding surface of the grinding wheel or deterioration of the precision of the ground work due to dressing performance changes or diamond shedding during the dresser consumption process.

Preferably, the end face of the columnar diamond is a (1,1,0) face, and the columnar diamond has one of the wear resistance direction and the easy wear direction which are formed in the end face and are orthogonal to each other. The wear resistance direction is arranged so as to be substantially parallel to the friction direction of the dressing surface.

Further, preferably, the plurality of columnar diamonds are arranged along the friction direction of the dressing surface, and the mutual intervals of the columnar diamonds are 1.5 times the dimension of the columnar diamond in the friction direction. To 4.5 times as much.

Further, preferably, a plurality of the columnar diamonds are arranged along the friction direction of the dressing surface, and the columnar diamonds have a rectangular cross section, and a diagonal line of the rectangle is substantially the friction direction. It is supposed to be parallel.

[0010]

[Second Means for Solving the Problem] The gist of another aspect of the present invention is to provide a disc-shaped portion or a cylindrical portion,
In a rotary dresser of a type that has an annular dressing surface in which diamond is embedded in the outer peripheral portion of the disk-shaped part or the cylindrical part, and presses the dressing surface against the grinding surface of the grinding wheel to dress the grinding wheel. A plurality of single-crystal columnar diamonds having substantially the same cross-sectional shape in the longitudinal direction are arranged on the annular dressing surface so that the end faces are exposed.

[0011]

[Third Means for Solving the Problem] Further, the gist of still another aspect of the present invention is to have a blade-shaped dressing portion and a dressing surface in which diamond is embedded at the tip of the dressing portion. Then, in the blade type dresser of the type in which the dressing surface is pressed against the grinding surface of the grinding wheel to perform dressing of the grinding wheel, a single crystal columnar diamond having a substantially similar cross-sectional shape in the longitudinal direction is exposed at its end surface. As described above, a plurality of them are arranged on the dressing surface.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

A blade-type dresser 10 shown in FIG. 1 has a cylindrical shank portion 12 held by a holder 26 of a dressing device, which will be described later, and a blade-shaped integrally formed continuously from the shank portion 12 in the axial direction. It is composed of a dressing unit 14. The dressing section 14 is
A dressing surface 16 is provided at the tip portion, and is formed in a thick plate shape as a whole. Then, a plurality (four in this embodiment) of columnar diamonds 18 having the same rectangular cross-sectional shape in the longitudinal direction are arranged in the dressing portion 14 in a state of being arranged in parallel so that their end faces are exposed to the dressing face 16. It is buried. FIG. 2 shows the dressing surface 16 in which the end surface of the columnar diamond 18 is exposed.
Is shown.

The columnar diamond 18 is cleaved from a single crystal synthetic diamond into a plate shape and cut with a laser beam to form an end face of a (1,1,0) face and a (1,1,1) face. ) Plane and a pair of (2,1,1) planes that are parallel to each other, and are arranged so that the end faces are parallel to each other when positioned on one plane,
It is buried by the sintered metal 20. Further, the columnar diamonds 18 are arranged at mutual intervals so that suitable dressing performance can be maintained. The columnar diamond 18 has an outer dimension of, for example, about 0.6 mm ^W × 0.6 mm ^T × 3 mm ^L , and the mutual distance D (distance between cores) between them is 2.
It is set to about 0 mm. In the experiments conducted by the present inventors, the mutual distance D is within the range of 2 to 4 times the dimension of the columnar diamond 18 in the friction direction, that is, the mutual distance is 0.
It has been confirmed that when set within the range of 6 mm to 2.0 mm, suitable dressing performance can be obtained. If it is 1.5 times or less, clogging and burning of the dresser are likely to occur,
If it exceeds 4.5 times, the dressing performance efficiency will decrease and the characteristics as a multi-stone dresser will be impaired.

As shown in FIG. 3, the blade type dresser 10 constructed as described above is used as a blade type dresser 10.
However, the array surface of the columnar diamonds 18 has a grinding wheel 22.
While being held by the holder 26 in a posture perpendicular to the rotation axis of, the dressing surface 16 is pushed toward the grinding surface of the grinding wheel 22 by an amount corresponding to a predetermined cut amount. The grinding surface of the grinding wheel 22 is a cylindrical grinder,
The surface grinder and centerless grinder are rotated at a peripheral speed of 30 to 50 m / sec, the lapping machine is 3 to 4 m / sec, and the double-sided surface grinder and the inner surface grinder are rotated at a peripheral speed of about 30 m / sec. The dresser 10 is moved in the direction parallel to the rotation axis of the grinding wheel 22 at a constant speed by the width dimension of the grinding surface for one-way stroke or reciprocating stroke. As a result, the outer peripheral shape of the grinding surface of the grinding wheel 22 is adjusted with high accuracy, and at the same time, the grinding performance of the grinding wheel 22 is restored. 4 and 5 show a front view and a cross section of the blade dresser 10 after it has been used for dressing as described above. In the figure, the arrow indicates the direction of friction of the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel, and the flow of the abrasive grains crushed by the collision with the tip of the columnar diamond 18 causes the columnar diamond 1 to move.
A groove 28 is formed from the upstream side in the friction direction of 8 to both sides thereof. The groove 28 is deep on the upstream side of the columnar diamond 18 and suddenly becomes shallower in the process of reaching both sides thereof.
After that, it is formed so that it becomes shallower toward the downstream side. The groove 28 represents the flow of abrasive grains in the dressing process as a result, and if the gap between the columnar diamonds 18 is small, the width of the groove 28 is not sufficiently formed, and the dressing performance is impaired. The lower limit of the gap range in the frictional direction of the columnar diamond 18 is determined for this reason.

In such a dressing process,
The end surface of the columnar diamond 18 scrapes off the abrasive grains and the binder on the surface of the grinding wheel 22 and crushes the abrasive grains, but at the same time, the sintered metal 20 forming the end portion of the columnar diamond 18 and the dressing portion 14 is also broken. It is abraded and the dressing surface 16 is retracted. In the blade type dresser 10 of the present embodiment, even if the dressing surface 16 is retracted as described above, the end face shape of the columnar diamond 18 does not change and there is no shedding compared with the granular diamond, so that the blade type In the process of wear of the dresser 10, it is possible to eliminate the variation in the grinding surface of the grinding wheel 22 or the reduction in the accuracy of the work that has been ground due to the change of the dressing performance and the shedding of diamond.

Further, in the conventional dresser in which the granular diamond is embedded, if the sectional shape of the granular diamond becomes large due to the receding of the dressing surface, clogging or burning occurs and the dressing performance and durability of the diamond dresser are improved. Although it was damaged, there was the inconvenience that the workpiece grinded by the incompletely dressed grinding wheel was burned. However, according to the blade type dresser 10 of this embodiment, the columnar diamond 18 has a suitable dressing performance. Since the dressing surfaces are arranged so that they can be obtained, even if the dressing surface recedes, the dresser will not be clogged or burnt, the durability will not be impaired, and the grinding wheel 22 will be sufficiently dressed, so it will be ground. Burnt does not occur on the workpiece.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the following description, the same parts as those in the above-described embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the blade type dresser shown in FIG. 6, the columnar diamonds 18 are arranged in such a manner that the diagonal line of the square end face thereof is parallel to the friction direction of the grinding wheel 22. According to the blade type dresser configured as described above, the cutting edge corresponding to one side of the square end surface is inclined with respect to the friction direction of the grinding surface of the grinding wheel 22, which is an advantage that higher dressing performance can be obtained. There is.

On the other hand, according to the experiments by the present inventors, in the columnar diamond 18 which is cut so that the (1,1,0) plane of the single crystal is exposed as the end face, the columnar diamond 18 shown in FIG. As shown in b), it was found that there are an easy wear direction indicated by a solid arrow and a wear resistant direction indicated by a broken arrow. From this, as shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the blade shape is set so that the wear resistance direction indicated by the broken line arrow is as parallel as possible to the arrangement direction of the columnar diamonds 18, that is, the dressing direction with respect to the grinding surface. The dresser 10 may be configured. By doing so, the durability of the blade type dresser 10 is suitably enhanced.

Incidentally, the results of the dressing performance test of the diamond dresser of the embodiment of FIG. 1 and the diamond dresser of the embodiment of FIG. 9 are shown in FIGS. 23, 24 and 25. The dressing test conditions are shown in Table 1 and Table 2 below.
As shown in.

[0022]

[Table 1]

[0023]

[Table 2]

As apparent from FIGS. 23, 24, and 25, the diamond dresser of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 (sample 1) and the diamond dresser of the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 (sample 2).
Since the columnar diamond 18 does not fall off and its cross-sectional shape does not change due to wear, a rapid change in wear and a change in surface roughness such as those observed in a conventional dresser in which granular diamonds are arranged are not observed. There is a characteristic that it does not change stably. In addition to this, as is clear from the dresser wear dimensions shown in FIG.
On the other hand, the dresser wear dimension is several times smaller, providing a significantly longer durability life, and the power consumption during dressing is small as is clear from the finish surface roughness shown in FIG. 24 and the power consumption shown in FIG. Further, there is a feature that the finished surface roughness R _max of the dressed grindstone is large. The low power consumption during dressing indicates that the columnar diamond 18 has good sharpness against the abrasive grains, and the large finished surface roughness R _max indicates that the grinding surface of the grindstone is more preferable for dressing. It has shown that it has become.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10, the blade-shaped dresser 10 may be constructed by arranging the columnar diamonds 18 so that the wear resistance direction indicated by the broken line arrow coincides with the dressing direction.

Further, as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG.
The columnar diamond 18 may be cut so that the wear resistance direction indicated by the broken line arrow coincides with the arrangement direction. The wear-resistant direction can be relatively easily confirmed from the state of occurrence of streaks on the end face when the end face of the columnar diamond 18 is pressed against a rotating grindstone or against another rotating body. Diamond 1
Since No. 8 was not processed with high accuracy, its wear resistance direction cannot be specified with high accuracy. Therefore, the wear resistance direction indicated by the broken line in each figure includes a variation of, for example, several degrees to ten degrees.

FIG. 13 shows a usage state of the rotary dresser 30 to which the present invention is applied. In the figure, the rotary dresser 30 has a disk shape as a whole, and is attached to a rotary shaft of a rotary drive device 32. Rotation drive device 3
2 is arranged so that its rotation axis is parallel to the rotation axis of the grinding wheel 22 and is movable in a direction parallel to the rotation axis. When dressing the grinding wheel 22, the rotary drive device 32 drives the rotary dresser 30 to rotate while grinding the grinding wheel 22 that rotates the annular dressing surface 46 provided on the outer periphery of the rotary dresser 30. While being pressed against the surface, the rotary dresser 30 is moved in one direction or reciprocatingly in a direction parallel to the rotation axis in a stroke corresponding to the width of the grinding surface.

The rotary dresser 30 is manufactured, for example, as follows. First, a disk-shaped main body 34 having the cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 14 is prepared. On the outer peripheral edge portion of the main body 34, an annular recess 40 having a peripheral surface 36 parallel to the rotation axis and a flange surface 38 perpendicular to the rotation axis is formed. Then, a large number of columnar diamonds 18 are radially arranged on the flange surface 38 at predetermined intervals. When arranging the columnar diamond 18, the columnar diamond 18 is fixed with an adhesive in order to stabilize the arrangement position or the arrangement posture. In this case, on the flange surface 38,
A groove for positioning or stabilizing the posture of the columnar diamond 18 may be formed in advance and the groove may be used for fixing. Then, a nickel plating layer 42 is formed on the flange surface 38 by nickel electroplating, and columnar diamonds 18 are embedded in the nickel plating layer 42, as is often done when manufacturing electrodeposited products.
FIG. 15 shows this state. Then, the shape of the nickel plating layer 42 is formed by grinding or polishing.
After being arranged as shown in FIG. 6, resin 44 is filled in the recess to finish the shape. FIG. 17 shows this state. The nickel plating layer 42 and the resin 44 are used.
Alternatively, a sintered metal or a brazing material may be used.

Although the end face of the columnar diamond 18 is exposed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary dresser 30 constructed as described above, that is, on the dressing surface 46, the columnar diamond 18 has various end faces like the blade-shaped dresser 10 described above. Are arranged in the following manner. For example, FIGS.
Shows an example of the rotary dresser 30 in which the columnar diamonds 18 are arranged similarly to FIGS. 8 and 9 or FIGS. 11 and 12. In addition, FIG.
An example of a rotary dresser 30 in which columnar diamonds 18 are alternately arranged in two rows is shown. According to the rotary dresser 30 shown in FIG. 20, one of the columnar diamonds 18 scrapes the grinding surface of the grinding wheel 22 at any moment, so that there is an advantage that the dressing is continuously performed.

FIG. 21 shows a cup-shaped rotary dresser 5
An example of 0 is shown. The rotary dresser 50 comprises a main body 52 having a bottomed cylindrical shape, and a large number of columnar diamonds 18 embedded in an annular dressing surface 54 inclined by an angle θ with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the main body 52. There is. For example, when the angle θ is 45 °, the columnar diamonds 18 are arranged along lines intersecting the rotary shaft center of the rotary dresser 50 at an angle of 45 °. FIG. 22 also shows an example of the cup-shaped rotary dresser 58. The rotary dresser 58 includes a main body 60 having a bottomed cylindrical shape, and a large number of columnar diamonds 18 embedded in an annular dressing surface 62 that is an end surface of the main body 60. In this embodiment, the columnar diamond 18 is arranged parallel to the axis of rotation.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above with reference to the drawings, the present invention can be applied to other modes.

For example, in the above-described embodiment, the blade-shaped dressers 10 and 30 of the type in which the four columnar diamonds 18 are arranged in parallel with each other on one plane have been described, but the outer diameter thereof is, for example, 0. 0.3-1.7 mm
It can be selected from the range of ^W × 0.3 to 1.7 mm ^T × 1 to 6 mm ^L depending on the grinding wheel to be dressed. Further, the columnar diamonds 18 may be different in number, or other types of dressers such as a multi-row type multi-stone dresser in which a plurality of columnar diamonds 18 are arranged in multiple stages may be used.

Further, the dressing surface 1 of the above-mentioned embodiment
In each of 6, 46, 54 and 62, the columnar diamonds 18 are arranged in one row or two rows in the straight or circumferential direction, but they may be arranged in three or more rows.

Further, the dressing surface 1 of the above-mentioned embodiment
Although 6, 46, 54 and 62 were formed in a straight line or an annular shape, when the grinding wheel has a full-scale grinding surface,
A dressing surface having a shape corresponding to the complex shaped grinding surface of the mold may be formed. Even the dressing surface of such a full-dresser can be configured by embedding a large number of columnar diamonds 18 with the end faces exposed.

Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the columnar diamond 18 is fixed by the sintered metal 20 or the electroplated nickel plating layer, but it may be fixed by another method.

Although the columnar diamond 18 has a quadrangular cross-sectional shape, it may have a circular shape, a triangular shape, or a pentagonal or higher polygonal shape, and the cross-sectional shape may vary slightly. In short, the effects of the present invention can be enjoyed if the cross-sectional shapes are substantially the same in the longitudinal direction.

Further, the columnar diamond 1 of the above-mentioned embodiment
Although 8 is a synthetic diamond, it may be a sintered diamond or a natural diamond.

The above description is merely one embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention can be variously modified without departing from the spirit thereof.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a blade type dresser according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a diagram showing the dressing surface of FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a dressing operation.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a dressing surface after being used for dressing.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a cross section of a dressing surface after being used for dressing.

FIG. 6 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 showing another embodiment of the present invention.

7 (a) is a diagram showing crystal plane orientations, and FIG. 7 (b) is a diagram showing crystal axis directions related to wear resistance, on each surface of the columnar diamond used in the dresser of FIG. is there.

FIG. 8 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a usage state of a rotary dresser according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a manufacturing process of the rotary dresser of FIG.

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a manufacturing process of the rotary dresser of FIG.

16 is a diagram illustrating a manufacturing process of the rotary dresser of FIG.

17 is a diagram illustrating a manufacturing process of the rotary dresser of FIG. 13. FIG.

18 is a diagram showing an array example of columnar diamonds on the dressing surface of the rotary dresser of FIG.

19 is a diagram showing an array example of columnar diamonds on the dressing surface of the rotary dresser of FIG.

20 is a diagram showing an array example of columnar diamonds on the dressing surface of the rotary dresser of FIG.

FIG. 21 is a view showing a cup-shaped rotary dresser that is another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a view showing a cup-shaped rotary dresser which is another embodiment of the present invention.

23 is a diagram showing the dressing performance of the diamond dresser of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 9, and is a diagram showing changes in the dresser wear dimension with respect to the number of dressings.

24 is a diagram showing the dressing performance of the diamond dresser of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 9, and is a diagram showing the finished surface roughness with respect to the number of dressings.

FIG. 25 is a diagram showing the dressing performance of the diamond dresser of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 9 and showing the change in power consumption.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10: Blade type dresser (diamond dresser) 16, 46, 54, 62: Dressing surface 18: Columnar diamond 22: Grinding wheel 30: Disc-shaped rotary dresser 50, 58: Cup-shaped rotary dresser

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Zen Ueyama 8 Moji, Tokoshii-cho, Muko-shi, Kyoto Prefecture 9 Queen Diamond Co., Ltd. 9 Inside Queen Diamond Co., Ltd.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A diamond dresser of a type having a dressing surface in which diamond is embedded, the dressing surface being pressed against the grinding surface of a grinding wheel to dress the grinding wheel, and having a substantially similar cross-sectional shape in the longitudinal direction. A diamond dresser, wherein the provided single crystal columnar diamond is arranged so that an end face is exposed on the dressing surface. 2. The end face of the columnar diamond is (1,
1, 0) surface, and the columnar diamond is such that the wear-resistant direction of the wear-resistant direction and the easy-wear direction orthogonal to each other formed in the end surface thereof is substantially parallel to the friction direction of the dressing surface. The diamond dresser according to claim 1, which is disposed in the. 3. A plurality of the columnar diamonds are arranged along a friction direction of the dressing surface, and an interval between the columnar diamonds is 1.5 to 4.5 of a dimension of the columnar diamonds in the friction direction. The diamond dresser according to claim 1, wherein the diamond dresser has a double range. 4. A plurality of the columnar diamonds are arranged along the friction direction of the dressing surface, and the cross section of the columnar diamonds is rectangular, and a diagonal line of the rectangle is substantially parallel to the friction direction. The diamond dresser according to claim 1, which is a thing. 5. A disc-shaped portion or a cylindrical portion, and an annular dressing surface in which diamond is embedded in an outer peripheral portion of the disc-shaped portion or the cylindrical portion, the dressing surface being a grinding surface of a grinding wheel. In a rotary dresser of a type for pressing and dressing the grinding wheel, a plurality of single-crystal columnar diamonds having substantially the same cross-sectional shape in the longitudinal direction are arranged on the annular dressing surface so that the end faces are exposed. A rotary dresser that is characterized by 6. A type having a blade-shaped dressing portion and a dressing surface in which diamond is embedded at a tip portion of the dressing portion, and the dressing surface is pressed against the grinding surface of the grinding wheel to dress the grinding wheel. In the blade type dresser, a plurality of single crystal columnar diamonds having substantially the same cross-sectional shape in the longitudinal direction are arranged on the dressing surface so that the end faces are exposed.