JPH06114743A - Electrodeposition grinding wheel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an electrodeposition grinding wheel wherein good dischargeability of cutting chips can be maintained without deteriorating sharpness even when wear of a grinding surface advances. CONSTITUTION:Many quadrangular pyramid-shaped protrusions 5 are formed in a grinding surface 2 of a base metal 1, to secure superabrasive grains 6 to a surface of the protrusion 5, and the base metal 1 is formed of material worn by machining. In this structure, when a mountain part of each protrusion 5 is worn by machining, the superabrasive grains 6 in a bottom part of the protrusion 5 successively generate edges, and a large distance between the superabrasive grains, acting in the machining, is maintained. The bottom part of each protrusion 5 serves to act as a chip pocket for discharging cutting chips.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention is applied to the surface of a base metal of a grindstone.
The present invention relates to improvement of an electrodeposition grindstone in which superabrasive grains such as diamond and cubic boron nitride (CBN) are fixed by an electrochemical method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art This type of electrodeposition grindstone has a high concentration of abrasive grains and an extremely large number of abrasive grains that affect machining. As a result, the discharge of chips is deteriorated and clogging and welding are likely to occur.

9 to 11 schematically show changes in the working abrasive grains with the progress of wear of the abrasive surface in a conventional electrodeposition grindstone in which superabrasive particles are uniformly adhered to the abrasive surface. .

In the initial state of cutting shown in FIG. 9, only the abrasive grains (shown in black) 10 which are ejected from other abrasive grains act on the cutting. In this case, since the distance between the working abrasive grains 10 is large and the cutting amount per one working abrasive grain is large, good sharpness can be obtained.

When the abrasive grains 10 are worn away and the flying abrasive grains fall off, the number of working abrasive grains 10 increases as shown in FIG.

Further, as the abrasion of the abrasive surface progresses, the state of FIG.
As shown in, almost all the abrasive grains have a uniform height,
The number of working abrasive grains 10 is significantly increased. In this state, the gap between the working abrasive grains 10 is small and the cutting amount per abrasive grain is extremely small, so that the cutting of the abrasive grains is poor and clogging by the cutting chips is likely to occur.

In order to prevent such clogging, it has been conventionally shown in FIG.
There is proposed a grindstone in which slits 12 are formed on the grinding surface 11 at predetermined intervals as shown in FIG. 1 and the chips are discharged by the slits 12. However, in the above-mentioned proposed grindstone, the high portion of the grinding surface 11 involved in processing has a high degree of concentration of the abrasive grains, and therefore, as the abrasion of the abrasive grains progresses as described above, the sharpness is reduced and the chips are There is a problem that the dischargeability of

Further, in the above electrodeposition grindstone, since the abrasive grains are fixed to the base metal by electrolytic plating, it is difficult to change the degree of concentration of the abrasive grains and the shape of the abrasive surface according to the characteristics of the work piece. Therefore, when ceramics, plastics, or the like is ground, there is a problem that clogging or welding easily occurs at an early stage.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems. Even if the abrasion of the abrasive surface progresses, the sharpness does not decrease, and a good cutting ability and a good chip discharging property are obtained. The purpose is to provide an electrodeposition grindstone that can be maintained for a long period of time.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an electrodeposition grindstone capable of changing the shape of the grinding surface so that the optimum grinding ability can be exhibited according to the characteristics of the workpiece.

[0011]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the first means of the present invention is to provide a large number of projections, which are substantially evenly distributed over the entire polishing surface, on the polishing surface of the grinding wheel base metal. A superabrasive grain layer is fixed to the peaks and valleys of each protrusion, and the grindstone base metal is made of a material that is worn away by contact with the workpiece.

The second means of the present invention is to provide a large number of projections on the grinding surface of the whetstone base metal that are substantially evenly distributed over the entire grinding surface, and the peaks of each projection are substantially parallel to the machined surface. It has a structure in which a superabrasive grain layer is fixed to the valley of each protrusion.

[0013]

In the first means, when the work piece is processed by the grindstone, the whetstone base metal is worn by the contact with the work piece, and the peaks of the protrusions become parallel to the work surface. Abrasive grains in the valleys of the protrusions project from the parallel surfaces of the ridges and act on the machining. Therefore, as the abrasion of the abrasive surface progresses, the abrasive grains in the troughs of the projections are sequentially bladed, the distance between the working abrasive grains is maintained large, and good sharpness and excellent chip discharge performance are obtained.
The protrusions of the protrusions may be formed by bringing a dressing grindstone having a hardness higher than that of the grindstone base metal into contact with the grinding surface, instead of the above-described actual processing.

On the other hand, in the above-mentioned second means, the peaks of the respective projections are preliminarily parallel to the machined surface, and a large distance is secured between the abrasive grains of the valleys which act on the machining. Good sharpness is maintained. Further, the distance between the working abrasive grains and the number of working abrasive grains can be freely changed by changing the distance between the respective protrusions and the shape of the flat surface of the crest portion of each protrusion. It is possible to set the degree of concentration of abrasive grains and the shape of the abrasive surface that enable optimum processing according to the characteristics of.

[0015]

1 to 3 show a first embodiment according to the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a disc-shaped grinding stone base metal, and a large number of inclined grooves 3 inclined in the circumferential direction on a grinding surface 2 on the outer periphery of the base metal 1 by knurling,
4 are formed, and quadrangular pyramidal protrusions 5 are formed between the intersecting inclined grooves 3 and 4, respectively.

The above knurling process is performed uniformly over the entire grinding surface 2, and the inclined grooves 3, 4 and the four-sided pyramidal projections 5 form a concavo-convex pattern on the grinding surface 2.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, superabrasive grains 6 such as diamond or cubic boron nitride (CBN) are deposited on the surface of the ridges and valleys of each of the four-sided pyramidal protrusions 5 as a nickel electrodeposition layer. It is fixed by 7. The superabrasive grains 6 are formed with a grain size smaller than that of the quadrangular pyramidal protrusions 5, and are uniformly distributed in a single layer over the entire polishing surface 2.

The base metal 1 is made of a material such as steel, non-ferrous metal, alloy, or non-metal material (such as plastic) which has a hardness lower than that of a workpiece (such as ceramics or cemented carbide). It is set so that when an object to be processed such as or a cemented carbide is ground, it is worn by contact with the object to be processed.

The electrodeposition grindstone of this embodiment has the above-described structure, and in the initial state of processing, only the abrasive grains 6 on the top of each quadrangular pyramid-shaped projection 5 act on the processing as shown in FIG. The valleys of the protrusions 5 and the groove bottoms of the inclined grooves 3 and 4 serve as chip pockets from which chips are discharged.

As the machining progresses, the abrasive grains on the tops of the projections 5 fall off and the projections 5 wear, so that the peaks of the projections 5 form surfaces 8 substantially parallel to the processed surface, as shown in FIG. The abrasive grains 6 around the parallel surface 8 act on the grinding.

Further, as the machining progresses and the abrasion of the protrusions 5 progresses, as shown in FIG.
Becomes wider, and the abrasive grains 6 in the valleys of the protrusions 5 fly out from the parallel surface 8 and act on the grinding. In this way, the protrusion 5
By sequentially sharpening abrasive grains 6 of the valley of the projection 5 with the progress of wear of, the distance L ₁ between the working abrasive grains 6,6,
L ₂ ) will always be held at a large value. For this reason, the cutting amount per working abrasive grain becomes large, and good sharpness can be maintained. Further, since only the abrasive grains 6 near the peaks of each protrusion 5 are involved in the processing, the valleys of the protrusions 5 effectively act as chip pockets for discharging chips,
The clogging of chips and the occurrence of welding are prevented.

The parallel surface 8 of the peak portion of each of the projections 5 may be formed by mounting the grindstone on a grinder and then bringing the dressing grindstone into contact with the grindstone. By correcting the whetstone with the dressing whetstone in this way, the runout of each projection 5 can be removed, and the runout accuracy of the grinding surface 2 can be increased. Accordingly, in the conventional electrodeposition grindstone, since the runout accuracy of the as-formed grinding surface directly affects the processing accuracy, extremely high accuracy was required for mounting the grindstone on the grinder, but in the above-mentioned embodiment, The grindstone does not require very high accuracy for attachment to the grinder, and has the advantage that the setup work of the grindstone can be greatly simplified.

FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment. In this example, a large number of protrusions 5 ′ are formed on the polishing surface 2 of the base metal 1 by knurling, and the peaks of the protrusions 5 ′ are formed in advance as planes 8 parallel to the processed surface. The superabrasive grains 6 are fixed to the valleys of the.

In this structure, the parallel surface 8 of the projection 5'provides a large distance L ₁ between the abrasive grains 6 acting on the processing, so that good sharpness can be obtained from the beginning of the processing. Further, since a large number of gaps through which chips are discharged are formed between the valleys of the protrusions 5 ', clogging and welding of chips are prevented.

The shape of the protrusion 5'as shown in FIG.
It is suitable for workpieces that are prone to clogging, such as ceramics and cemented carbide.

On the other hand, it is extremely important to maintain the sharpness of a material such as plastic which is likely to be rubbed during grinding. In this case, as shown in FIG. 7, the parallel surfaces 8 of the ridges of the protrusions 5 ′ are formed wide and the distance between the abrasive grains 6 is increased. As a result, the amount of cut per abrasive grain is increased, so that the rubbing phenomenon is reduced and good grindability can be obtained.

For a workpiece such as a stone material that is more likely to be rubbed, the parallel surface 8 of each protrusion 5'is formed wider as shown in FIG. 8 to increase the distance between the abrasive grains 6. Set. In this way, by changing the distance between the projections 5 ′ or the width of the parallel surface 8 of the projections 5 ′, the number of abrasive grains acting on processing and the cut amount per abrasive grain can be arbitrarily set. Since it can be set to, it is possible to form a grinding surface that can exhibit optimum grinding ability according to the material of the workpiece.

In each of the above embodiments, the projections 5 and 5'having a quadrangular pyramid shape are formed on the grinding surface. However, the projections may have a cone or triangular pyramid shape if they are evenly distributed on the grindstone. It may be formed in other shapes such as.

Further, the method of forming the protrusions may be performed by cutting or grinding other than knurling.

[0030]

[Effect] As described above, in the electrodeposition grindstone of the present invention, as the abrasion of the grinding surface progresses, the abrasive grains in the valleys of the respective projections are sequentially bladed and act on the machining. The distance between the abrasive grains is always kept large, and good sharpness can be obtained. Further, since only the abrasive grains near the peaks of the protrusions are involved in the processing and the valleys of the protrusions function as chip pockets for discharging chips, it is possible to prevent clogging and welding of chips.

Further, since the distance between the working abrasive grains and the number of working abrasive grains can be changed by changing the interval between the protrusions and the width of the parallel surface of the crests, the optimum grinding ability according to the material of the work piece can be obtained. There is an advantage that a polishing surface having

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an electrodeposition grindstone of a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a grinding surface of the same.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the same polishing surface as above.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the same operation.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the same operation.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a polishing surface showing a second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a grinding surface of a conventional electrodeposition grindstone.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing the same operation.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing the same operation.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing an electrodeposition grindstone of another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Grindstone base metal 2 Abrasive surface 3, 4 Inclined groove 5, 5'Protrusion 6 Superabrasive grain 7 Nickel electrodeposition layer 8 Parallel surface

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A grindstone base is provided with a large number of projections which are substantially evenly distributed on the entire grinding surface, and a superabrasive grain layer is fixed to the peaks and troughs of each projection. Electroplated whetstone made of gold that wears when contacted with a work piece. 2. A grindstone of a whetstone base is provided with a large number of protrusions which are substantially evenly distributed over the entire grind face, and the peaks of the respective protrusions are formed in a plane substantially parallel to the machined surface. An electroplated whetstone with a superabrasive layer adhered to the valley.