JPH0515717A - Electret fiber filter - Google Patents
Electret fiber filterInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0515717A JPH0515717A JP3201360A JP20136091A JPH0515717A JP H0515717 A JPH0515717 A JP H0515717A JP 3201360 A JP3201360 A JP 3201360A JP 20136091 A JP20136091 A JP 20136091A JP H0515717 A JPH0515717 A JP H0515717A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fibers
- filter
- nonwoven fabric
- fiber
- electret
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/016—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the fineness
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、クリーンルーム用フィ
ルター、ビル空調用フィルター、掃除機用フィルター、
空気清浄機用フィルター、エアコン用フィルター、ＯＡ
機器用フィルターなどのエアフィルターや液体用フィル
ターなどに用いることのできる高い濾過特性を有するエ
レクトレット繊維フィルターに関する。The present invention relates to a clean room filter, a building air conditioner filter, a vacuum cleaner filter,
Air purifier filter, air conditioner filter, OA
The present invention relates to an electret fiber filter having high filtration characteristics, which can be used as an air filter such as a device filter or a liquid filter.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】メルトブロー不織布をフィルターに用い
る開示技術は特開平１−２４６４５４号公報に記載があ
る。この公報には溶融吹付けによって形成した熱可塑性
繊維のうち、３３％以上の部分が、好ましくは４０％以
上の部分が溶融した凝集塊として存在し、凝集塊の繊維
の交差部分の大部分が融着点であることを特徴とする喫
煙用品用フィルターが開示されている。この公報には従
来の溶融吹付けウエブは３５％の凝集塊を含んでいるの
に対し、その凝集塊の量を多くした方が喫煙用品用フィ
ルターとしてはフィルターの硬度と吸引抵抗が小さくで
きるということから望ましいフィルターとなるのであ
る。この開示技術の凝集塊とは溶融した又は部分的に溶
融した繊維又はフィラメントの束を意味している。2. Description of the Related Art A disclosed technique of using a melt-blown nonwoven fabric for a filter is described in JP-A-1-246454. In this publication, 33% or more, and preferably 40% or more of the thermoplastic fibers formed by melt-spraying are present as agglomerates, and most of the intersections of the fibers of the agglomerates are present. A smoking article filter is disclosed which is characterized by a fusion point. In this publication, the conventional melt-blown web contains 35% of agglomerates, whereas increasing the amount of agglomerates can reduce the hardness and suction resistance of the filter for smoking articles. This makes it a desirable filter. Agglomerates of the disclosed technology refer to a bundle of molten or partially melted fibers or filaments.
【０００３】一般に溶融吹付け法でつくられるメルトブ
ロー不織布は特開平１−２４６４５４号公報に記載され
ているごとく、繊維が無作為に相互にもつれるため、そ
の結果として単繊維が繊維の長手方向に部分的に並列的
に融着して束状繊維が発生し、この量が全繊維中に３５
％含まれている。特開平１−２４６４５４号公報ではこ
の束状繊維の量が多い程喫煙用品用フィルターとしては
望ましいフィルターとなるのではあるが、エレクトレッ
トフィルターにあっては、この束状繊維の量が多いとフ
ィルターの濾過特性が悪くなるという問題があった。Generally, in a melt-blown nonwoven fabric produced by the melt-spraying method, fibers are randomly entangled with each other as described in JP-A-1-246454, and as a result, single fibers are partially formed in the longitudinal direction of the fibers. The fibers are fused in parallel to form a bundle of fibers.
%include. According to Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-246454, the larger the amount of the bundled fibers, the more desirable the filter as a smoking article filter. However, in the electret filter, when the amount of the bundled fibers is large, There was a problem that the filtration characteristics deteriorate.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しょうとする課題】本発明は、前記従来技
術の問題を解決し優れた濾過特性と低圧損特性を有する
エレクトレットフィルターを提供することでる。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and provides an electret filter having excellent filtration characteristics and low pressure loss characteristics.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明はかかる問題に鑑
み鋭意検討した結果、本発明に到達したものであり、メ
ルトブロー不織布における単繊維の平均繊維径が０．８
〜３μｍであり、繊維の長手方向に部分的に並列的に融
着してなる束状繊維が全繊維中に１０〜３０％含まれて
なることを特徴とするエレクトレットフィルターに関す
る。The present invention has reached the present invention as a result of extensive studies in view of such problems, and the average fiber diameter of single fibers in a meltblown nonwoven fabric is 0.8.
The present invention relates to an electret filter characterized by having a bundle-like fiber having a diameter of ˜3 μm and partially and parallelly fused in the longitudinal direction of the fiber, in an amount of 10 to 30% of the total fiber.
【０００６】本発明においてメルトブロー不織布とは溶
融吹付け法でつくられる極細繊維の不織布であり、繊維
の長手方向に部分的に並列的に融着してなる束状繊維と
は単繊維が相互に長手方向にわって数１０μｍ以上にわ
たって束状に重なり合って一体となっている形態の繊維
であり、複数本の単繊維の集合体繊維である。本発明に
おいて、かかる並列的に融着してなる束状繊維の含有率
の定量化はメルトブロー不織布の断面の電子顕微鏡写真
から繊維断面の撮影されている１００本以上の繊維につ
いて、その繊維まわり融着状態を観察し単繊維本数と束
状繊維本数を数える方法でなされる。電子顕微鏡用サン
プルには液体窒素で冷却したメルトブロー不織布を破断
して準備し、電子顕微鏡の倍率を１２００倍で写真撮影
する。In the present invention, the melt-blown non-woven fabric is an ultra-fine fiber non-woven fabric produced by a melt-spraying method, and the bundle-like fibers partially fused in parallel in the longitudinal direction of the fibers are single fibers. It is a fiber of a form in which it is integrated in a bundle shape over several tens of μm or more in the longitudinal direction, and is an aggregate fiber of a plurality of single fibers. In the present invention, the quantification of the content of the bundled fibers formed by fusion bonding in parallel is performed by melting the fiber around 100 or more fibers whose cross section is taken from an electron micrograph of the cross section of the meltblown nonwoven fabric. This is done by observing the wearing state and counting the number of single fibers and the number of bundled fibers. For a sample for an electron microscope, a melt-blown nonwoven fabric cooled with liquid nitrogen is prepared by breaking, and a photograph of the electron microscope is taken at a magnification of 1200.
【０００７】本発明において、メルトブロー不織布の断
面写真から束状繊維の含有率を求めたのは、メルトブロ
ー不織布の表面や裏面ではメルトブロー不織布における
厚さ方向の束状繊維の融着状態が正確に把握できないた
めである。本発明において、束状繊維の含有率は全繊維
に対して１０〜３０％が好ましい。束状繊維の含有率が
３０％を越えるとエレクトレット化による単繊維への荷
電効率が著しく低下する。一方、１０％未満になるとメ
ルトブロー不織布の充填密度が大きくなりすぎ圧力損失
が高くなりすぎると言う問題がある。つまり、粒子除去
効率と圧力損失は二律背反する特性であり、それらを同
時に満足するエレクトレットフィルターの繊維集合体構
造としては繊維の長手方向に部分的に並列的に融着して
なる束状繊維の含有率が１０〜３０％であることが好ま
しいのである。フィルターの濾過特性を表す尺度として
次式〔数１〕がある。In the present invention, the content of the bundled fibers is determined from the cross-sectional photograph of the meltblown nonwoven fabric because the fused state of the bundled fibers in the thickness direction of the meltblown nonwoven fabric is accurately grasped on the front and back surfaces of the meltblown nonwoven fabric. This is because it cannot be done. In the present invention, the content of the bundled fibers is preferably 10 to 30% based on the total fibers. If the content of the bundled fibers exceeds 30%, the efficiency of charging the single fibers due to electretization is significantly reduced. On the other hand, if it is less than 10%, there is a problem that the packing density of the meltblown nonwoven fabric becomes too large and the pressure loss becomes too high. That is, particle removal efficiency and pressure loss are contradictory properties, and as a fiber assembly structure of an electret filter that satisfies them at the same time, the inclusion of bundled fibers partially fused in parallel in the longitudinal direction of the fibers is included. The ratio is preferably 10 to 30%. There is the following formula [Equation 1] as a scale showing the filtering characteristics of the filter.
【０００８】[0008]
【数１】[Equation 1]
【０００９】上式において、Ｅは粒子除去効率、ΔＰは
圧力損失である。本発明におけるメルトブロー不織布の
単繊維の平均繊維径は０．５〜３μｍが好ましい。この
平均繊維径とは任意に１００本以上の単繊維の直径を測
定してその算術平均で示される値である。メルトブロー
不織布の単繊維の平均繊維径が大きくなると荷電効率が
低下する傾向があり、この平均繊維径が３μｍを越える
とその傾向は顕著になるのである。一方、平均繊維径が
小さくなるとメルトブロー不織布の充填密度が大きくな
りすぎ、圧力損失が高くなりすぎると言う問題が生じる
のである。つまり、単繊維の平均繊維径が０．５〜３μ
ｍで本発明で言う束状繊維が全繊維中に１０〜３０％含
まれるメルトブロー不織布のみがエレクトレットフィル
ターとした時に優れた濾過特性値を有するのである。In the above equation, E is the particle removal efficiency and ΔP is the pressure loss. The average fiber diameter of the single fibers of the meltblown nonwoven fabric in the present invention is preferably 0.5 to 3 μm. The average fiber diameter is a value indicated by an arithmetic average of the diameters of 100 or more single fibers that are arbitrarily measured. When the average fiber diameter of the single fibers of the meltblown nonwoven fabric becomes large, the charging efficiency tends to decrease, and when this average fiber diameter exceeds 3 μm, this tendency becomes remarkable. On the other hand, if the average fiber diameter becomes small, the packing density of the meltblown nonwoven fabric becomes too large, and the pressure loss becomes too high. That is, the average fiber diameter of the single fibers is 0.5 to 3 μ.
Only the melt-blown non-woven fabric in which the bundled fibers referred to in the present invention in the range of 10 to 30% of all fibers have excellent filtration characteristic values when used as an electret filter.
【００１０】本発明において、メルトブロー不織布の材
料にはポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、α−ポリオレフ
ィン、ポリエステル、ポリカーボネート、テフロンポリ
弗化ビニリデン等の樹脂やそれらの混合物を用いること
ができる。本発明におけるメルトブロー不織布の製造条
件はノズル孔径０．１〜０．５ｍｍ、吐出量０．０２５
〜２．０ｇ／分. 孔、ノズル温度２００〜３００℃、牽
引空気温度２５０〜４００℃、牽引空気圧力０．２〜５
ｋｇ／ｃｍ2 、ノズル孔ピッチ０．５〜１０ｍｍ、ノズ
ルと繊維捕集コンベヤー間距離３０〜５００ｍｍが好ま
しい。中でも、ノズル孔ピッチ０．７〜１０ｍｍ、ノズ
ルと繊維捕集コンベヤー間距離６０〜２５０ｍｍがより
好ましい。本発明を次に実施例でもって詳細に説明す
る。In the present invention, resins such as polypropylene, polyethylene, α-polyolefin, polyester, polycarbonate, and Teflon polyvinylidene fluoride can be used as the material of the melt blown nonwoven fabric, or a mixture thereof. The manufacturing conditions of the melt blown nonwoven fabric in the present invention are nozzle hole diameter 0.1 to 0.5 mm, discharge amount 0.025.
~ 2.0g / min. Hole, nozzle temperature 200 ~ 300 ° C, traction air temperature 250 ~ 400 ° C, traction air pressure 0.2 ~ 5
kg / cm 2 , a nozzle hole pitch of 0.5 to 10 mm, and a distance between the nozzle and the fiber collecting conveyor of 30 to 500 mm are preferable. Above all, a nozzle hole pitch of 0.7 to 10 mm and a distance between the nozzle and the fiber collecting conveyor of 60 to 250 mm are more preferable. The invention will now be described in greater detail by way of examples.
【００１１】[0011]
実施例１〜３ アイソタクチックポリプロピレン（アタクテックポリプ
ロピレン含有量＝１．５％、ＭＦＩ＝３００、Ｍｗ／Ｍ
ｎ＝４．０）を用い、ノズル孔径０．２ｍｍ、吐出量
０．３ｇ／分. 孔、ノズル温度２８０℃、牽引空気温度
３３０℃、ノズル孔ピッチ１ｍｍの条件でノズルと繊維
捕集コンベヤー間距離をかえて溶融吹付けにより平均繊
維径２．１μｍのメルトブロー不織布（目付３０ｇ／ｍ
2 ）を作製した。次いで、アース電極上に半導体シート
を敷いてその上にメルトブロー不織布を置き、この上部
から１８ＫＶの直流印加電在を１０秒間かけてエレクト
レット化しフィルターとして用いた。表１にノズルと繊
維捕集コンベヤー間距離をかえたときの束上繊維を構成
する単繊維の本数で束状繊維の含有率の分布を示した。
表１における実施例１の電子顕微鏡写真を図１に実施例
２のそれを図２に示した。Examples 1 to 3 Isotactic polypropylene (Atatech polypropylene content = 1.5%, MFI = 300, Mw / M
n = 4.0), nozzle hole diameter 0.2 mm, discharge rate 0.3 g / min. Hole, nozzle temperature 280 ° C, traction air temperature 330 ° C, nozzle hole pitch 1 mm, between nozzle and fiber collection conveyor Melt-blown non-woven fabric with an average fiber diameter of 2.1 μm by changing the distance and spraying (weight per unit area: 30 g / m
2 ) was produced. Then, a semiconductor sheet was laid on the ground electrode, a melt blown non-woven fabric was placed on the semiconductor sheet, and an electric current of 18 KV was applied to the ground electrode for 10 seconds to form an electret, which was used as a filter. Table 1 shows the distribution of the content rate of the bundled fibers by the number of single fibers constituting the fibers on the bundle when the distance between the nozzle and the fiber collecting conveyor is changed.
An electron micrograph of Example 1 in Table 1 is shown in FIG. 1, and that of Example 2 is shown in FIG.
【００１２】次に、これら実施例および比較例につい
て、大気塵粒子（粒子直径０．３〜０．５μｍ）を用い
て通過風速５．３ｃｍ／秒でマノスターゲージで圧力損
失を、フィルターの上流と下流の大気塵粒子濃度から粒
子除去効率を測定した。この時に用いた計測器はレーザ
ーパーティクルカウンター（リオン製、ＫＣ−１４）で
ある。なお、実施例および比較例のエレクトレット化前
のメルトブロー不織布（非エレクトレットフィルター）
についても同様に粒子除去効率を測定した。結果を表２
に示した。表２において、本発明における束状繊維の含
有率が１０〜３０％の実施例１〜３の濾過特性値は比較
例１〜３に比べ明らかに高い値を示した。エレクトレッ
ト化前後の粒子除去効率Ｅ0 とＥから求めた濾過特性値
の比は実施例１〜３において１０以上と大で荷電効率の
高いことを示した。Next, in these Examples and Comparative Examples, atmospheric dust particles (particle diameter: 0.3 to 0.5 μm) were used to cause a pressure loss with a Manostar gauge at a passing wind speed of 5.3 cm / sec, and a upstream of the filter. And the particle removal efficiency was measured from the air dust particle concentration in the downstream. The measuring instrument used at this time is a laser particle counter (KC-14, manufactured by Rion). The meltblown non-electret non-electret filters of Examples and Comparative Examples
The particle removal efficiency was measured in the same manner. The results are shown in Table 2.
It was shown to. In Table 2, the filtration characteristic values of Examples 1 to 3 in which the content of the bundled fibers in the present invention was 10 to 30% were obviously higher than those of Comparative Examples 1 to 3. The ratio of the particle removal efficiency E 0 before and after electretization and the filtration characteristic value obtained from E was as large as 10 or more in Examples 1 to 3, indicating that the charging efficiency was high.
【００１３】実施例４〜６ アイソタクチックポリプロピレン（アタクテックポリプ
ロピレン含有量＝１．８％、ＭＦＩ＝２００、Ｍｗ／Ｍ
ｎ＝６．０）を用い、ノズル孔径０．１５ｍｍ、ノズル
孔ピッチ１ｍｍ、ノズルと繊維捕集コンベヤー間距離１
３０ｍｍおよび表３に示す条件で融吹付けにより平均繊
維径の異なるメルトブロー不織布（目付３０ｇ／ｍ2 ）
を作製し、次いで、実施例１と同じ条件でエレクトレッ
ト化した。表３には実施例４〜６と比較例４〜５の溶融
吹付け条件と本発明における束状繊維の含有率、圧力損
失、粒子除去効率および濾過特性を示した。束状繊維の
含有率、圧力損失、粒子除去効率は実施例１と同じ方法
で測定した。実施例４〜６は泡過特性値が１．４以上と
大きな値を示すのに対し、平均繊維径が極めて細い比較
例４にあっては圧力損失が高くなるために濾過特性値と
しては低いものになってしまう。平均繊維径の大きい比
較例５は荷電効率が低いため粒子除去効率が小さくな
り、濾過特性値としては低いものになってしまう。Examples 4 to 6 Isotactic polypropylene (Atatech polypropylene content = 1.8%, MFI = 200, Mw / M
n = 6.0), the nozzle hole diameter is 0.15 mm, the nozzle hole pitch is 1 mm, the distance between the nozzle and the fiber collecting conveyor is 1
Melt blown non-woven fabrics having different average fiber diameters by melt spraying under the conditions of 30 mm and Table 3 (Basis weight 30 g / m 2 ).
Was prepared, and then electretized under the same conditions as in Example 1. Table 3 shows the melt spraying conditions of Examples 4 to 6 and Comparative Examples 4 to 5, the content of the bundled fibers in the present invention, the pressure loss, the particle removal efficiency, and the filtration characteristics. The bundle fiber content, pressure loss, and particle removal efficiency were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. In Examples 4 to 6, the foaming characteristic value is a large value of 1.4 or more, whereas in Comparative Example 4 having an extremely small average fiber diameter, the pressure loss is high and the filtration characteristic value is low. It becomes a thing. In Comparative Example 5 having a large average fiber diameter, the charging efficiency is low, so the particle removal efficiency is low and the filtration characteristic value is low.
【００１４】[0014]
図１は実施例１におけるメルトブロー不織布の繊維の形
状の電子顕微鏡による断面写真、図２は実施例３におけ
るメルトブロー不織布の繊維の形状の電子顕微鏡による
断面写真である。FIG. 1 is an electron microscopic cross-sectional photograph of the fiber shape of the meltblown nonwoven fabric in Example 1, and FIG. 2 is an electron microscopic cross-sectional photograph of the fiber shape of the meltblown nonwoven fabric in Example 3.
【表１】 [Table 1]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【表３】 [Table 3]
Claims (1)
布における単繊維の平均繊維径が０．８〜３μｍであ
り、繊維の長手方向に部分的に並列的に融着してなる束
状繊維が全繊維中に１０〜３０％含まれてなることを特
徴とするエレクトレット繊維フィルター。Claim: What is claimed is: 1. A bundle formed by melt-blown nonwoven fabric constituting a filter, wherein the average fiber diameter of the single fibers is 0.8 to 3 μm, and the fibers are partially fused in parallel in the longitudinal direction. The electret fiber filter, wherein the shaped fibers are contained in an amount of 10 to 30% in all the fibers.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3201360A JP3013906B2 (en) | 1991-07-15 | 1991-07-15 | Electret fiber filter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3201360A JP3013906B2 (en) | 1991-07-15 | 1991-07-15 | Electret fiber filter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0515717A true JPH0515717A (en) | 1993-01-26 |
| JP3013906B2 JP3013906B2 (en) | 2000-02-28 |
Family
ID=16439763
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3201360A Expired - Fee Related JP3013906B2 (en) | 1991-07-15 | 1991-07-15 | Electret fiber filter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3013906B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008035637A1 (en) * | 2006-09-22 | 2008-03-27 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | Filter medium and process for production of the same |
| CN103228832A (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2013-07-31 | 三井化学株式会社 | Melt-blown nonwoven fabric, and production method and device for same |
| EP3243947A1 (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2017-11-15 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Non-woven fabric, non-woven fabric producing method and acoustic absorbent |
-
1991
- 1991-07-15 JP JP3201360A patent/JP3013906B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008035637A1 (en) * | 2006-09-22 | 2008-03-27 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | Filter medium and process for production of the same |
| CN103228832A (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2013-07-31 | 三井化学株式会社 | Melt-blown nonwoven fabric, and production method and device for same |
| US9404207B2 (en) | 2010-12-06 | 2016-08-02 | Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. | Melt-blown nonwoven fabric, and production process and apparatus for the same |
| EP3243947A1 (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2017-11-15 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Non-woven fabric, non-woven fabric producing method and acoustic absorbent |
| US20170327983A1 (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2017-11-16 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Non-woven fabric, non-woven fabric producing method and acoustic absorbent |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3013906B2 (en) | 2000-02-28 |
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