JPH05155679A - Compost fermentation tank - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To facilitate the operation to take out a mixture and to enable the simplification of the device itself and the inexpensive production of the device by forming apertures on the ceilings of the compost fermentation tanks and providing devices for vertically moving ventilators and moving the ventilators in and out through these apertures. CONSTITUTION:The compost fermentation tanks 1, 2 are made of concrete to slender rectangular parallelepiped shapes and are arranged in a plurality. The aperture in the rear part is closed by a wall plate 3 and the side apertures 1a, 1b of the front part are also closed by similar wall plates (not shown in Fig.). The upper apertures 1b, 2b are closed by a hanging down type cap plate 4 to insulate heat and to prevent the generation of smell. These fermentation tanks are made into the simple construction constituted by disposing the vertically movable ventilators 5 in the fermentation tank 1 and arraying vent pipes in the bottom of the fermentation tank 2 in the case of construction of the 1st row as the primary fermentation tank and the second and subsequent rows as the secondary fermentation tank. The ventilators 5 are first installed in the primary fermentation tank and the mixture is charged therein until the vent pipes are buried. Air discharge is then executed for 3 to 10 days. The mixture is transferred into the secondary fermentation tank upon ending of the fermentation and the similar operations are repeated.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a compost fermenter for producing compost, which is equipped with a ventilation device for supplying air to a mixture contained in the tank.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in order to process and produce compost from organic sludge such as sewage sludge, a moisture adjusting material such as return compost and wood chips and a fermentation accelerator (microorganism) are mixed with organic sludge to obtain a predetermined water content. (For example, about 60%), the mixture is fermented in the primary fermenter for a predetermined number of days, then aged in the secondary fermentor sequentially, and then wood chips and the like are fermented and dried from the mixture. It is obtained by separating with a sieving machine. Further, since a predetermined amount of oxygen is required during fermentation and ripening, an aeration device is provided in each fermentation chamber to supply air into the mixture.

As a conventional ventilation device, for example, a plurality of ventilation pipes having a large number of ventilation holes on the peripheral surface are vertically arranged in the fermentation chamber to close the lower end openings of the respective ventilation pipes.
The upper end opening is communicated with an air supply device, and the air supplied from this supply device to each aeration pipe is supplied to the mixture in the fermentation tank.

[0004]

However, according to the above-mentioned conventional compost fermentation tank, since the ventilation pipe of the ventilation device is fixed upright in the fermentation tank, it is necessary to remove the mixture from the fermentation tank in advance. The bottom of the fermentor is provided as a door that can be opened and closed, and the door is opened to drop the mixture downward, or the screw conveyor is used to scrape the mixture out of the fermenter. There is a problem that the device becomes large and the cost increases.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a compost fermenter capable of taking out a mixture at a relatively low cost.

[0006]

The compost fermenter according to claim 1 is a compost fermenter in which an aeration device for aerating a stored mixture is installed, and an opening is formed in at least the ceiling of the fermenter to obtain a ceiling. A vertical movement device for vertically moving the ventilation device through the upper opening is provided.

The compost fermenter according to claim 3 is a compost fermenter in which an aeration device for aerating the stored mixture is installed, and an opening is provided in a ceiling of the fermenter and an opening which can be opened and closed is formed in a side portion. In addition, a vertical movement device for vertically moving the ventilation device through the upper opening of the ceiling is provided.

[0008]

[Function] When the mixture is put into the fermenter, the aerating device is lowered by the vertical movement device and installed in the fermenter from the upper opening of the ceiling, and the fermenter is introduced from the upper opening from the upper opening by the belt conveyor or the like. Throw in. Then, the fermentation is performed by closing the upper opening of the fermenter.

When the mixture is taken out or transferred to the adjacent fermentation tank, the upper opening of the fermentation tank is opened and the aerating device is moved upward from the inside of the fermentation tank by the vertical movement device, and a scoop type turning device or Transfer the mixture using a conveyor. It is also possible to take it out with a shovel car or the like.

Therefore, it is not necessary to open and close the bottom of the fermenter as in the prior art, and an expensive screw conveyor or the like is not required for taking out the mixture, so that the fermenter can be simplified and constructed relatively inexpensively. It becomes possible.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the fermenters 1 and 2 are formed in a long and narrow rectangular parallelepiped shape made of concrete and arranged in a plurality. In these fermenters 1 and 2, the rear opening is closed by a wall plate 3, and the front side openings 1a and 2a are also closed by a similar wall plate (not shown). The upper openings 1b, 2b are closed by a hanging lid plate 4 to keep heat and prevent the generation of odor. The compost product may be placed on the mixture in the fermentation tank instead of the lid plate. In addition, in this embodiment, the first row is a primary fermentation tank and the second and subsequent rows are secondary fermentation tanks.

Each of the fermenters 1 and 2 is provided with three ventilation devices 5. The secondary fermentation tank 2 has a ventilation device 5
By omitting the above, a simple structure in which a ventilation pipe is arranged on the bottom may be adopted. As shown in FIG. 2, these ventilation devices 5 are composed of six horizontal ventilation ducts 6 and a large number of ventilation pipes 7 communicating with each ventilation duct 6. The ventilation duct 6 is formed in a rectangular cross section, and the lower ends of the ventilation ducts 6 are connected to the upper ends of a large number of ventilation pipes 7 having a circular cross section at predetermined intervals, respectively.
Is provided substantially vertically, and the tip of the ventilation pipe 7 is located near the bottom surface of the fermenter 1. These ventilation pipes 7 are provided with a large number of small holes 8 as shown in FIG. 2, and the number of these small holes 8 is provided so as to increase toward the lower part of the pipe. The lower end of each ventilation pipe 7 connected to the ventilation duct 6 is closed by a cap.

As shown in FIG. 2, each of the ventilation ducts 6 is alternately provided with an air supply blower 11 through a flexible connecting tube 9 and a flexible main duct 10.
Alternatively, it is connected to the exhaust blower 12. Then, the air is supplied from the air supply blower 11 through the ventilation pipe 7 of the ventilation duct 6 connected thereto, while being discharged through the ventilation duct 6 and the ventilation pipe 7 connected to the exhaust blower 12. In addition, two support rods 14 are provided above each ventilation duct 6.
Are attached along the arrangement direction, and engaging fittings 15 are attached to both ends of these support rods 14. A hook attached to the tip of each wire 16 is engaged with each engaging fitting 15, and each wire 16 is wound by a hoist 17 provided above to suspend the entire ventilation device 5. It has a structure that can be moved up and down in the closed state. In the present embodiment, the wire 16 and the hoist 17 constitute a vertical moving device, and in each of the fermenters, three aeration devices are arranged in the present embodiment as shown in FIG. It can be moved up and down by a moving device.

In such a fermenter, for example, when the mixture is put into the primary fermenter 1, first, the front and rear wall plates 3 are closed, and the hoist 17 of the vertical moving device is driven to drive the wire 16. The ventilation device 5 is installed in the fermenter 1 as shown in FIGS. Then, the hook of the wire 16 is removed from the engaging fitting 15 of the ventilation device 5, the wire 16 is raised, and the mixture is put into the fermenter 1 from above the ventilation device 5 by the belt conveyor 18 or the like, and the mixture is discharged from the ventilation device 5 It falls into the fermenter 1 from between the ventilation ducts 6. The mixture is charged until the entire ventilation pipe 7 is substantially filled.

When the addition of the mixture is completed, the fermenter 1 is closed by the cover plate 4, and the air supply blower 11 and the exhaust blower 1 are closed.
2 is operated to supply / exhaust between the ventilation pipes 7 to 3
The mixture in the fermenter 1 is aerated for about 0 days.

When the primary fermentation is completed, stop the air supply and exhaust,
Lower the wire 16 and attach the hook to the engagement fitting 15,
As shown in FIG. 5, the ventilation device 5 is lifted upward. Then, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the mixture in the fermenter 1 is scooped up using the scoop-type turning device 20 and transferred to the adjacent secondary fermenter 2 by the belt conveyor 21. The transfer of the mixture is not limited to the turning device 20 and the belt conveyor 21, and a shovel car or the like can also be used. When the turning device is used, it can be moved to the adjacent fermentation tank by using a moving carriage, so there is one unit. Good.

In the secondary fermentation tank 2 as well, the introduction and transfer of the mixture are repeated several times in the same manner as above, and the mixture after the secondary fermentation is sieved to form a compost product, part of which is a raw material moisture adjusting material. Used as.

[0018]

As described above, according to the present invention, when the mixture is taken out, the aeration device can be moved upward from the upper opening of the fermenter by the vertical moving device, so that the take-out work is facilitated and the fermenter is conventionally used. Since it is not necessary to open and close the bottom part like this, the fermentation tank itself can be simplified and manufactured at low cost. Further, since the ventilation device can be moved upward, a scoop-type turning device or a shovel car can be used, a screw conveyor as in the conventional case is not required, and the mixture can be taken out relatively inexpensively. Furthermore, conventionally,
Since the capacity of the primary fermenter was fixed, it was easy to ferment depending on the raw material and the season, and even when there was a margin in the apparatus, it was possible to add the mixture only for the capacity of the primary fermenter, but according to the present invention, Since the secondary fermentation tank can be diverted to the primary fermentation tank, the input amount can be increased and the device can be used to the maximum according to the raw material and the season.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an outline of a fermenter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a ventilation device.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fermenter showing an installed state of a ventilation device.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fermenter showing a state of charging a mixture.

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fermenter showing a mixture transfer state.

6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 2 Fermenter 1a, 2a Side opening 1b, 2b Upper opening 5 Aeration device 16, 17 Vertical movement device

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A compost fermenter in which a ventilator for ventilating a stored mixture is installed, in which an opening is formed in at least the ceiling of the fermentor, and the ventilator is moved up and down through an upper opening of the ceiling. A compost fermenter characterized by being equipped with an up-down moving device. 2. The compost fermenter according to claim 1, wherein the vertical moving device comprises a wire for suspending the ventilation device and a hoist for winding or unwinding the wire. 3. A compost fermenter equipped with an aeration device for aerating the stored mixture, wherein an opening is provided in a ceiling of the fermenter and an opening that can be opened and closed is formed in a side portion of the fermenter. A compost fermenter comprising a vertical movement device for moving the ventilation device up and down to move it in and out.