JPH05149082A - Execution device for shield tunnel and execution method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To excavate tunnels having two kinds of diameters with different sections in succession without changing a device, etc., to reduce a construction period to get away with a simple auxiliary method such as a chemical grouting method, etc., and to promote economic efficiency and work efficiency. CONSTITUTION:In such a state that a small sectional shield excavator 2 is housed into a large sectional shield excavator 3 to connect both of them with each other, cutters 2b and 3a of both of them are connected with each other to form a large sectional tunnel Ta. A small sectional tunnel Tb is excavated in succession from the large sectional tunnel Ta by branching off and driving forward the small sectional shield excavator 2 separately.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention forms a tunnel having a large cross section by connecting a plurality of shield machines together, and then starts a small cross section shield machine to continuously form a tunnel having a small cross section. The present invention relates to a separable shield excavator that can be used.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As is well known in the art, the shield construction method uses a cutter provided in the front part of a shield excavator having an outer cylindrical skin plate to excavate the ground while a cylindrical divided body is formed inside the shield excavator. By assembling the barrel segment, and further by applying a reaction force to the front end of this segment to extend the shield jack inside the shield excavator, propel the entire shield excavator forward, and repeat these steps to tunnel into the ground. Is a method of forming.

The excavated cross section of this shield excavator is a circular cross section whose diameter is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the skin plate. However, inside the tunnel, an enlarged excavation cross section may be required in comparison with a normal excavation cross section such as an underground station or a ventilation port.

In this case, since the shield excavator can obtain only a predetermined excavation cross section, a vertical shaft is excavated from the ground by an excavation method to construct an enlarged portion, or
A large-section tunnel is built by a large-section shield excavator that is introduced from one of the shafts provided at both ends of the large-section section.

Further, as a construction method of the large cross-section tunnel Ta,
A method of excavating the small section tunnel Tb by a small section shield machine and then enlarging the small section tunnel Tb to a large section by an enlargement shield machine is also performed.

[0006]

However, the above-mentioned conventional construction method has a problem that a large construction period and an auxiliary construction method such as a chemical solution injection construction method are required, resulting in a high construction cost.

[0007] Since the influence of the construction of the excavation method on the surroundings, particularly buried objects and road traffic cannot be ignored, there are restrictions on the construction site, etc., and there is a situation where the application under a wide range of construction conditions is insufficient. It was

Further, when the large section section is short (for example, in a subway station section), it is expensive to use another large section shield excavator for excavating only the short extension. At the same time, it is necessary to form vertical shafts at both ends of the large section, which causes a problem in economic efficiency.

In constructing the large-section tunnel Ta, after excavating the small-section tunnel Tb and covering the excavated outer peripheral surface,
When the small cross section tunnel Tb was enlarged to a large cross section, the temporary lining was dismantled, which wasted work.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and by systematically separating and combining a large-section shield excavator and a small-section shield excavator, a large-section shield excavator can be easily installed in a tunnel. It is an object of the present invention to provide a shield tunnel construction device and a construction method thereof, which enable detachment of a small-section shield excavator to improve work efficiency and economical efficiency of tunnel construction.

[0011]

In the shield tunnel construction apparatus and construction method of the present invention, there are provided a small cross section shield machine capable of digging a tunnel having a small cross section, and a small cross section shield machine incorporating the small cross section shield machine. A shield tunnel construction device comprising a large-section shield machine capable of excavating a natural ground together with an excavator and excavating a large-area tunnel coaxially with the tunnel formed by the excavator. Both shield machines have removable erectors for installing tunnel lining segments,
A detachable propulsion device for generating a propulsive force forward of the excavation pit can be equipped, and a cutter device at the tip of the large-section shield machine is provided with a retractable hole for retracting the small-section shield excavator. And a method of constructing a tunnel composed of a large-section pit and a small-section pit extending from the front of the large-section pit,
The large-section shield machine is integrally equipped with the small-section shield machine of the shield tunnel construction apparatus according to claim 1, and a large-section excavation pit is provided with the cutter device aligned with the position of the cutter apparatus of the large-section shield machine. After completing the excavation process and the excavation of the large-section excavation pit, disconnecting the small-section shield machine from the large-section shield machine and equipping the small-section shield machine with the propulsion device and erector, and with this small-section shield machine The method for solving the above-mentioned problems is provided with a step of excavating an excavation pit having a small cross section.

[0012]

According to the shield tunnel construction apparatus and the construction method thereof of the present invention, after excavating the large section tunnel in a state where the large section shield excavator and the small section shield excavator are combined, the small section shield excavator is excavated. To separate and excavate a small section tunnel.

By separating the large-section shield excavator and the small-section shield excavator into a system,
Enables separation of shield excavators in the ground with simple ground improvement.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

First, the structure of the shield tunnel construction apparatus of this embodiment will be described.

In these drawings, reference numeral 1 is a shield tunnel construction apparatus according to this embodiment (hereinafter, simply referred to as "construction apparatus").

The construction apparatus 1 has a small cross section shield machine 2 capable of excavating a tunnel having a small cross section, and a small cross section shield machine 2 built-in, and together with the small cross section shield construction apparatus 1, the ground W.
And a large-section shield machine 3 capable of excavating a large-area tunnel coaxially with the tunnel formed by the small-section shield machine 2.

Both the small-section shield machine 2 and the large-section shield machine 3 are detachable erectors 5 for installing tunnel lining segments, and detachable for generating propulsive force forward of the pit. The cutter device 3a at the tip of the large-section shield machine 3 is provided with a projecting / retracting hole 3b for retracting the small-section shield excavator 2 therein.

The small-section shield excavator 2 and the large-section shield excavator 3 are commonly used shield excavators of known construction.

As shown in FIG. 1, the small-section shield excavator 2 has a cylindrical outer skin plate 2a and a face plate for excavating a natural ground W rotatably provided in front of the inner skin plate 2a. It is composed of a die cutter 2b.

The large-section shield excavator 3 also has the small-section shield excavator 2 and the large-section shield excavator 3 in the same manner as the cutter device 3a, the hole 3b, and the small-section shield excavator 2.
And an outer skin plate 3c capable of incorporating the respective devices.

On the inner peripheral surface of the outer skin plate 3c, an erector 5 is provided at the rear portion of the skin plate 3c for assembling the lining segment 4 to the tunnel peripheral wall, and a predetermined number of erectors are provided along the circumferential direction. And a propulsion jack 6 whose working end is directed rearward is attached.

The skin plate 2a of the small-section shield excavator 2 is the skin plate 3a of the large-section shield excavator 3.
And are detachably connected integrally by connecting means such as bolts. And this outer skin plate 3
The small-section shield excavator 2 is housed in the inside of c with the large-section shield excavator 3 corresponding to the middle circle.

The cutter 3a is a ring-shaped face plate type or spoke type, and the outer skin plate 3
One in front of each of the upper and lower cylindrical parts in the figure in c is arranged on the same plane as the cutter 2b of the small cross-section shield excavator 2. The cutter 3a is
As shown in FIG. 1, the inner side surface is formed into a retractable hole 3b having a shape that facilitates starting of the small cross-section shield excavator 2, and can be mounted coaxially with the cutter 2b of the small cross-section shield excavator 2. In addition, the inner surface is formed so as to match the peripheral surface of the cutter 2b.

Since the driving device for the cutters 2b and 3a is only the prime mover (electric motor, hydraulic motor, etc.) 8 provided in the small cross section shield excavator 2, the cutter 3
By fixing the a to the cutter 2b with the bolts 9 in the above-described state, the a is rotatable in an integrated state with the cutter 2b and has an excavating force, whereby the natural ground W is excavated. There is.

The erector 5 is rotatably arranged behind each cylindrical portion of the outer skin plate 3c. The upper and lower parts of the main body of the erector 5 are formed to be expandable and contractible.

In this embodiment, the large-section shield excavator 3 is
Outer diameter is about 1.5 to 2 of that of small cross section shield excavator 2.
It is set to double. These shield excavators 2, 3
Has a large-section shield excavator 3 arranged behind the small-section shield excavator 2 so that their mutual axes are aligned, and the cutters 2b and 3a are concentrically located on the same plane. ..

Next, a shield construction method using the construction apparatus 1 of this embodiment will be described.

(1) Formation of large-section tunnel Ta When a tunnel having a uniform circular shape and a large excavation section is formed, a large-section shield excavator 3 and a small-section shield excavator 2 are started from a predetermined starting point such as a vertical shaft. The construction device 1 is started in a state in which the construction devices 1 are combined, and the construction device 1 forms a tunnel.

The erector 5, the propulsion jack 6, and the reaction force body 7 are the skin plate 3 of the large-section shield excavator 3.
Attach to c.

That is, the cutter 2b of the small cross-section shield excavator 2 and the cutter 3a of the large cross-section shield excavator 3 are integrally fixed by the bolts 9 and rotated by operating the drive device of the small cross-section shield excavator 2. While excavating the natural ground W, the segment 4 is assembled to the formed tunnel peripheral wall by the erector 5 of the large-section shield excavator 3, and the reaction force is applied to the front end of the assembled segment 4 to propel the jack. Construction device 1 by extending 6
Propel the whole forward.

By repeating the above steps, the enlarged sectional tunnel Ta can be formed in the ground.

(2) Small-section tunnel formation In the case of forming a tunnel T such that the small-section tunnel Tb extends from the middle of the large-section tunnel Ta in a normal circular excavation section, the large-scale construction device 1 is used at a predetermined position. After stopping the formation of the sectional tunnel Ta, the bolts connecting the large-section shield excavator 3 and the small-section shield excavator 2 were removed,
As shown in FIG. 2, the small-section shield excavator 2 is started from the large-section shield excavator 3, and the small-section shield excavator 2 forms a small-section tunnel Tb.

That is, when excavating the large-section tunnel Ta, the large-section tunnel Ta is formed by the above-described procedure by the construction device 1 which is formed by combining the small-section shield excavator 2 and the large-section shield excavator 3.

To enable excavation of the small-section shield excavator 2, first, the erector 5 and the propulsion jack 6 attached to the large-section shield excavator 3 are removed, and the skin plate 2c of the small-section shield excavator 2 is removed. Replace the propulsion jack 6. The erector 5 is adjusted to a shape suitable for the small cross section shield excavator 2 and attached. And bolt 9
And the cutter 2b is independently rotatable.

After the above work is completed, the small-section shield excavator 2 is separated from the large-section shield excavator 3 to start, thereby excavating the natural ground W and lining the tunnel peripheral wall in the same manner as the construction apparatus 1. And a small section tunnel Tb is formed.

The void of the large-section shield excavator 3 is left as it is at the excavation completion position of the large-section tunnel Ta and filled with concrete or the like to be buried.

In this case, the large-section shield excavator 3
The tunnel diameter excavated by is 1.5 to 2 times that of the small section shield excavator 2.

By the above-mentioned construction method, the large cross section tunnel Ta can be branched from the small cross section tunnel Tb.

(3) Formation of Tunnel by Separation System of Construction Device 1 When the construction device 1 configured as described above is used to form a tunnel having a partially large cross section such as used in a subway, The procedure is as follows.

As shown in FIG. 3, in order to form the large section tunnel Ta in the above case, the vertical shaft Tc is excavated at an appropriate position of the small section tunnel Tb excavated to a predetermined position, and as shown in FIG. Then, the construction device 1 is hung from the vertical shaft Tc and carried in, and the large-section tunnel Ta is excavated by the construction device 1.

When the excavation of the large section tunnel Ta is completed, the small section shield excavator 2 is started from the excavation completion position A to start excavation of the small section tunnel Tb having a predetermined sectional shape as described above.

The operation of this embodiment will be described below.

That is, in this embodiment, each of the large-section shield excavator 3 and the small-section shield excavator 2 is stored in a state where the small-section shield excavator 2 is housed in the large-section shield excavator 3 and connected to each other. Ground W with cutters 2b and 3a
By excavating the whole construction apparatus 1 with the propulsion jack 6 while excavating, the large-section tunnel Ta can be formed by the same process as the tunnel forming process by the usual shield excavator.

By independently branching off the small-section shield excavator 2, it is possible to extend or branch the small-section tunnel Tb from the large-section tunnel Ta for excavation.

Therefore, according to the construction apparatus 1 of the present embodiment configured as described above, after excavating the large section tunnel Ta in a state where the small section shield excavator 2 and the large section shield excavator 3 are combined. Since the small cross section shield excavator 2 can freely excavate the small cross section tunnel Tb,
Tunnels of two different diameters with different cross-sections can be continuously excavated without exchanging equipment, etc., improving workability and economic efficiency.

According to the method of constructing a shield tunnel by the construction apparatus 1 of this embodiment, the small-section shield excavator 2 and the large-section shield excavator 3 are combined to excavate the large-section tunnel Ta at the same time. Since the peripheral wall of the tunnel is lined by the erector 5, the construction period is shortened and the auxiliary construction methods such as the chemical injection method are simpler than the conventional ones.
As in the method of enlarging b to a large cross section, a small cross section tunnel Tb
It eliminates the need for primary lining and improves work efficiency.

In addition, according to the above-mentioned construction method, the small-section shield excavator 2 can be branched and started without moving the construction apparatus 1 after construction of the large-section tunnel Ta. The work period and workability are improved.

[0049]

As described above, according to the shield tunnel construction apparatus and construction method of the present invention, a small cross section shield machine capable of excavating a tunnel of small cross section, and a built-in small cross section shield machine, and A shield tunnel construction device comprising a large-section shield machine capable of excavating a natural ground together with a small-section shield excavator and excavating a large-area tunnel coaxial with the tunnel formed by the small-section shield excavator. Both the large-section shield machine and the large-section shield machine can be equipped with a removable erector for installing a tunnel lining segment and a removable propulsion device for generating propulsive force forward of the excavation pit, And, the cutter device at the tip of the large-section shield machine is provided with a retractable hole for retracting the small-section shield excavator, and
A method for constructing a tunnel comprising a large-section excavation pit and a small-section excavation well extending from the front of the large-section excavation pit, comprising the small-section shield machine of the shield tunnel construction apparatus according to claim 1. , Equipped with a large cross-section shield machine,
A step of digging a large-section excavation pit in a state where the cutter device matches the position of the cutter device of the large-section shield machine,
After completing the excavation of the large section excavation pit, the process of disconnecting the small section shield machine from the large section shield machine and equipping the small section shield machine with the propulsion device and erector, and the small section shield machine And a step of excavating a large-section excavation pit in a state where the small-section shield excavator and the large-section shield excavator are combined, and then the small-section shield excavator Since it is possible to freely excavate the excavation pit, two types of excavation pits having different diameters can be continuously excavated without exchanging the device, and the workability and economy are improved.

Further, according to the method of constructing a shield tunnel by the present construction apparatus, a small-section shield excavator and a large-section shield excavator are combined to excavate a large-section excavation pit at a time, and at the same time, an excavator is excavated by an erector. Since the surrounding wall is lined, the work period is shortened and the primary lining of the excavation pit with a small cross section is not required, and the work efficiency is improved.

Further, according to the above-mentioned construction method, since the small-section shield excavator can be branched and started without exchanging and removing the construction equipment after construction of the large-section excavation pit, the large-section excavation is excavated. A vertical shaft is not required at the construction position of the excavation pit having a small cross section with respect to the construction portion of the mine, and the accuracy and economic efficiency of construction are improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall view showing construction of a large-section excavation pit by a shield tunnel construction method and construction apparatus method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall view showing construction of a small cross-section excavation pit by the same method and apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an example of a tunnel of this embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a process of hanging a shield excavator on a vertical shaft and starting the shield excavator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Shield tunnel construction equipment 2 Small section shield excavator 2b Face plate type cutter 3 Large section shield excavator 3c Cutter 4 Segment 5 Elector 6 Propulsion jack W Ground rock

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A small cross-section shield machine capable of excavating a small cross-section tunnel, and a small cross-section shield machine built-in and coaxial with the tunnel by the small cross-section shield excavator by excavating the natural ground together with the small cross-section shield excavator. A shield tunnel construction device comprising a large-section shield machine capable of digging a large-area tunnel with, both of the small-section shield machine and the large-section shield machine being detachable for installing a tunnel lining segment. An erector and a detachable propulsion device for generating a propulsive force forward of the excavation pit can be equipped, and the cutter device at the tip of the large-section shield machine is
A shield tunnel construction device, characterized in that a hole for allowing a small-section shield excavator to move in and out is provided. 2. A method of constructing a tunnel comprising a large-section excavation pit and a small-section excavation pit extending from the front of the large-section excavation pit, the shield tunnel construction apparatus according to claim 1. The small-section shield machine is equipped integrally with the large-section shield machine, and the process of excavating the large-section excavation pit with the cutter device aligned with the position of the cutter device of the large-section shield machine, and the large-section excavation pit After completing the excavation of the small section shield machine from the large section shield machine and the small section shield machine from the large section shield machine, equipping the small section shield machine with the propulsion device and the erector, and the small section shield machine. The method for constructing a shield tunnel, comprising: