JP2003293683A - Excavating device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an excavating device capable of continuously laying down tunnels with different diameters without forming a shaft at tunnel diameter switching position. <P>SOLUTION: A cutter, a frame, and an erector disposed on the excavating device 11 to be positioned in a ground improvement part 16 in a modified space 12 continuously formed in the tunnel 1 and used for the excavating and the assembly of a covering 2 so far are dismounted from the body part 20 of the excavating device 11. The diameter of the body part 20 is reduced by diameter reducing jacks 25A, 25B, 25C and 25D according to the diameter of the tunnel 6 to be newly constructed, and a frame 30B suitable for the reduced body part 20, a first cutter 40, and an erector 60B are disposed on the reduced body part 20 to modify the excavating device 11. The excavation of an earth 15 and the construction of the tunnel 6 are performed by the modified excavating device 11. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an excavating device capable of continuously laying a tunnel having a circular cross section while expanding and contracting the diameter during excavation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, as a continuous laying of tunnels of different diameters from small-diameter tunnels to large-diameter tunnels such as sewer branch pipes and main pipes, see, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-73.
The excavation device disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 687 has been proposed.
In this excavation equipment, the vertical shaft (the vertical shaft reached by the small diameter excavation equipment)
Inside, the excavation equipment is remodeled to change the excavation diameter, and the excavation of tunnels with different diameters is continued.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned excavation device, a vertical shaft for remodeling the excavation device is required at the tunnel diameter switching position, and in a city area where a vertical shaft cannot be formed at a required position. Cannot continuously lay tunnels with different diameters.

[0004] It is possible to continuously lay a tunnel, which has a diameter larger than the tunnel diameter of other line parts, such as a station building or a branch part of a subway or road tunnel, a ramp part of a road tunnel, etc., without forming a vertical shaft. It is desired to develop a digging device that can do this.

In view of the above circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to provide an excavation device capable of continuously laying tunnels having different diameters without forming a shaft at a tunnel diameter switching position. .

[0006]

The invention according to claim 1 is
The excavation equipment is designed to excavate the ground with a cutter installed at the tip of the equipment, assemble segments with an erector installed at the rear of the equipment to construct a lining, and to lay a tunnel. A cutter whose diameter can be freely changed and whose diameter is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the enlarged and reduced diameter of the body (20) 40, 50) and the body portion (20) whose diameter has been expanded or reduced, which is detachably arranged to rotatably support the cutter (40, 50) and excavated by the cutter. A frame (30A, 30B) that constitutes a chamber (31) for receiving earth and sand, and a frame (30A, 30B) arranged at the rear part of the excavation device (11) so that its axis substantially coincides with the axis (CT1) of the excavation device (11). And the erected (60A, 60B) The a, when the barrel (20) and expanded-diameter, body portion (20) diameter to fit the frame (30A, 30B), the cutter (40, 50)
Further, the erectors (60A, 60B) are arranged, and the tunnels (1, 6) having different diameters are continuously laid in the axial center (CT1) direction.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the cutter (4
0, 50) is a first cutter frame (41) having substantially the same diameter as the shrunk body portion (20), and is supported by the first cutter frame (41) movably in the radial direction. And a first cutter (40) having a copy cutter (46) for excavating a larger diameter than the first cutter frame (41) and a plurality of divided second cutter frames (51A, 51B, 51C, 51D) and the second
Cutter frame (51A, 51B, 51C, 51
A second configuration in which D) is arranged on the outer periphery of the first cutter frame (41) of the first cutter (40) so that the diameter is substantially the same as that of the enlarged body portion (20). And a cutter (50).

The invention according to claim 3 is the trunk portion (20).
Is a plurality of arc-shaped skin plates (21A, 21B, 21C, 2) that are divided into a plurality of parts in the circumferential direction and are arranged so that the end portions adjacent to each other are slidably overlapped.
1D, 22A, 22B, 22C, 22D), and the skin plates (21A, 21B, 22D)
21C, 21D) are arranged between adjacent skin plates (21A, 21B, 21C, 21D) so as to connect the skin plates (21A, 21B, 21C, 2C).
Driving means (25A, 25B, 1D) for switching the diameter of the body portion (20) by driving so as to approach and separate from each other.
25C, 25D).

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, the body portion (20)
In addition, a plurality of grippers (27) that can expand and contract in the radial direction of the body (20) from the inside to the outside of the body (20).
Is detachably installed.

The reference numerals in parentheses are for the purpose of contrasting with the drawings, which are for convenience of understanding the invention and have no influence on the scope of the claims. Not a thing.

[0011]

According to the invention of claim 1, the excavation device can be refurbished without forming a shaft at the tunnel diameter switching position, and the diameter can be improved even in an urban area where it is difficult to form a shaft. Different tunnels can be continuously installed. Moreover, since the vertical shaft is not formed, the construction cost can be significantly reduced.

According to the invention of claim 2, since it has a cutter adapted to the diameter of the tunnel to be laid, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, the diameter of the tunnel to be laid is reduced or increased. Regardless of this, the tunnel laying work can be performed efficiently.

According to the invention of claim 3, since the body of the excavator is expanded and contracted by the plurality of skin plates, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1,
The excavation device can be easily refurbished.

According to the invention of claim 4, since the gripper is provided, in addition to the effects of the inventions of claims 1 to 3, when the diameter of the body is increased or reduced, the body is surely secured. The excavation device can be held so that the axis of the tunnel that is supported and previously laid and the axis of the renovated excavation device are substantially aligned with each other, and workability can be improved.

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 13 show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of an excavation device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a state in which the trunk of the excavation device in FIG. 1 is reduced in diameter. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line AA, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line AA showing the state in which the diameter of the trunk of the excavation device in FIG. 1 is expanded.
FIG. 4 is a B arrow view showing a state in which the cutter of the excavation device in FIG. 1 is reduced in diameter, and FIG. 5 is a B arrow view showing a state in which the cutter of the excavation device in FIG. 1 is enlarged in diameter, and FIGS. 9
FIG. 10 is a process diagram showing a refurbishing process of the excavation device when expanding the tunnel diameter, and FIGS. 10 to 13 are process diagrams showing a refurbishing process of the excavation device when reducing the tunnel diameter.

As shown in FIG. 1, a tunneling device 11 for laying a tunnel 1 having a diameter (outer diameter) D1 and a tunnel 6 having a diameter (outer diameter) D2 alternately and continuously on a shaft center CT1.
Is a diameter (inner diameter) R for laying the tunnel 1 corresponding to the diameters D1, D2 of the tunnels 1, 6 to be laid.
1 and a diameter (inner diameter) R2 for laying the tunnel 6
A body portion 20 that is configured to be freely expandable / reducible in diameter and a frame 30 that is replaceable according to the body portion 20 that has been expanded / reduced in diameter.
B (30A, see FIG. 8) and the body portion 2 whose diameter has been expanded / reduced
First and second cutters 40 that can be configured according to 0,
50 (see FIG. 5) and a pair of replaceable erectors 60B
(60A, see FIG. 8). The frames 30A and 30B are provided so as to block the body portion 20 in the left-right direction in FIG. A remodeling space 12 for refurbishing the excavation device 11 is formed continuously with the tunnel 1 or 6. The refurbished space 12 is formed in a ground improvement portion 16 formed by injecting a ground improvement agent into the ground 15 around the tunnel diameter switching position.

The tunnel 1 is laid by connecting a lining 2 formed around the axis CT1 by combining a plurality of segments divided in the circumferential direction in the direction of the axis CT1. Further, the tunnel 6 is laid by connecting a lining 7 configured around the axial center CT1 by combining a plurality of segments divided in the circumferential direction in the axial CT1 direction. Also, the tunnel 1
The tunnel 6 and the tunnel 6 are connected by a lining 3 and a lining 9 which are formed by combining different-shaped segments.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the body portion 20 is
Is an outer skin plate 21 arranged at a predetermined interval.
a has a double structure of an inner peripheral side skin plate 21b,
Skin plates 21A, 21B, 2 which are divided into a plurality of pieces (four pieces in FIG. 3) in the circumferential direction and which form the body portion 20 when the diameter is reduced.
1C, 21D and their skin plates 21A, 21
B, 21C and 21D are formed of a single plate slidably fitted in the circumferential direction, and the skin plates 21A to 21D
Further, it has diameter-increasing skin plates 22A, 22B, 22C and 22D which form the body portion 20 when the diameter is enlarged.

The diameter expanding skin plates 22A, 22
B, 22C, 22D are the skin plates 21A, 21B, the skin plates 21B, 2 whose one ends are adjacent to each other.
1C, one of the skin plates 21C and 21D, and one of the skin plates 21D and 21A, for example, one end (clockwise tip end) of the skin plates 21A, 21B, 21C, and 21D, respectively, and the other end is adjacent. Of the other skin plate 21B, 21C, 21D, 21A,
The outer peripheral skin plate 21a and the inner peripheral skin plate 21b are slidably mounted in the gaps formed respectively. The diameter expanding skin plates 22A, 22B, 22
Four C and 22D are provided in total.

Further, the skin plates 21A, 21
B, 21C, 21D said inner peripheral side skin plate 21
Each pair of brackets 23 is provided at a center portion in the circumferential direction of b at predetermined intervals in the axial CT1 direction (front-back direction).
a, 23b, 23c and 23d are fixed. Expansion / contraction jacks 25A, 25B, 25 are provided between the brackets 23a, 23b, the brackets 23b, 23c, the brackets 23c, 23d, and the brackets 23d, 23a, respectively.
C, 25D (4 in FIG. 2, 8 in total in two positions in the left-right direction in FIG. 1) are arranged, and the skin plates 21A, 21B and the skin plates 21B, 21C are adjacent to each other.
The skin plates 21C and 21D, the skin plate 2
1D and 21A are connected respectively.

Further, each of the skin plates 21A, 21
B, 21C, 21D said inner peripheral side skin plate 21
a plurality of them at predetermined intervals along b (4 in FIG. 2).
A total of 16 shield jacks 26 are arranged so as to draw a circle around the axial center CT1 via brackets 26a fixed to the skin plates 21A, 21B, 21C and 21D.

The body portion 20 is constructed as described above, and when the expansion / contraction jacks 25A to 25D are extended,
As shown in FIG. 3, the skin plates 21A and 21B, the skin plates 21B and 21C, which are adjacent to each other,
The skin plates 21C and 21D and the skin plates 21D and 21A are separated from each other, and the maximum inner diameter is R1. At this time, the skin plates 21 adjacent to each other
A, 21B, the skin plates 21B, 21C, the skin plates 21C, 21D, the skin plate 21D,
The diameter expanding skin plates 22A to 22D are drawn out between the portions 21A so as to cover the gap. On the contrary, when the expansion / contraction jacks 25A to 25D are contracted, as shown in FIG. 2, the skin plates 21A, 21B and 21B.
And 21C, 21C and 21D, 21D and 21A are close to each other, and their inner diameters are R2.

The respective skin plates 21A to 21A
The connecting portion and the sliding portion of each of the D and the skin plates 22A to 22D for expanding the diameter are sealed by a sealing member (for example, rubber packing, wire seal, etc.) not shown, and excavated earth and sand or groundwater are stored in the shell. It is designed to prevent entry into the portion 20.

When the diameter of the body portion 20 is expanded, the shield jack 26 moves together with the skin plates 21A to 21D to which the shield jacks 26 are attached. Therefore, the shield jack 26 is always arranged at the target position with the axial center CT1 of the body portion 20 as a reference.

In FIG. 1, the diameter (inner diameter) R1 of the enlarged body portion 20 and the diameter (outer diameter) D1 of the tunnel 1 have the same size (R1 = D1). The diameter (inner diameter) R2 when the diameter of the portion 20 is reduced is the same as the diameter (outer diameter) D2 of the tunnel 6 (R2 = D2).
In each case, the minimum inner diameter R1s (see FIG. 3) when the trunk portion 20 is expanded is larger than the diameter D1 of the tunnel 1 (that is, R1>R1s> D).
1) The diameter R2 when the diameter of the body 20 is reduced is larger than the diameter D2 of the tunnel 6 (that is, R2> D2). Then, a tail seal (for example, not shown) is provided on the tail of the body 20 (on the right side in FIG. 1) so as to cover the gap between the inner peripheral surface of the body 20 and the outer peripheral surfaces of the tunnels 1 and 6. A wire tail seal) is provided to prevent dirt and groundwater from entering the body portion 20 through the gap.

As shown in FIG. 1, the frame 30B
(The frame 30A has the same structure but is different in size. The frame 30B will be described below.)
It is removably attached to the inner peripheral surface 20a of the front end portion of No. 0 via a seal member (for example, rubber packing or the like) not shown. The frame 30B forms a chamber 31 between the body 20 and the first cutter 40 for receiving the excavated earth and sand. Bearings 3 are provided on the frame 30B.
A main shaft 35 having a gear 33 fixed thereto is rotatably supported by the bearing 32. A hydraulic motor 36 is supported on the frame 30B via a bracket (not shown), and a gear 37 meshing with the gear 33 is fixed to the rotary shaft of the hydraulic motor 36. The rotary force of the hydraulic motor 36 is applied to the main shaft 35. It is designed to be transmitted to.

Although not shown, the frame 30B includes a mud pipe for feeding mud into the chamber 31.
A mud pipe for discharging the earth and sand in the chamber 31 is connected. Further, in the frame 30B, the muddy water which is projected into the chamber 31 and is supplied into the chamber 31 and the earth and sand excavated by the first cutter 40 and taken into the chamber 31 are stirred. Then, a stirring means or the like for giving fluidity to the earth and sand is also provided.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the first cutter 40 is formed in a disk shape having a diameter (outer diameter) R4 substantially the same as the outer diameter of the shrunk body portion 20. The first cutter frame 41 has a plurality of bits 42 (only a part of which is shown in FIG. 4) (4 in FIG. 4).
Cutter spokes 43 are arranged at substantially equal intervals. Further, the cutter spokes 43 are provided with hydraulic cylinders 4 that can expand and contract in the radial direction of the first cutter 40.
5 is arranged, and a copy cutter 46 for enlarging the excavation diameter is detachably attached to one end of the No. 5. Further, a plurality of cutter bits are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the first cutter frame 41 so as to be located between the cutter spokes 43 and to dig a hole larger than the diameter R4 of the first cutter frame 41 (Fig. (Not shown) is detachably arranged.

As shown in FIG. 5, the diameter of the body portion 2 is expanded.
The second cutter 50 having a diameter (outer diameter) R3 substantially equal to the outer diameter of the maximum diameter R1 (see FIG. 3) of 0 is divided into a plurality of pieces (four pieces in FIG. 5), and It has the 2nd (for diameter expansion) cutter frames 51A, 51B, 51C, and 51D arranged on the outer periphery of the 1st cutter frame 41. In each of the diameter-enlarging cutter frames 51A to 51D, a plurality (four in FIG. 5) of cutter spokes 53 having a plurality of bits 52 (only a part of which is shown in FIG. 5) are provided. It is arranged so as to be located on the extension of 43. Further, on the outer peripheral portion of each of the diameter-enlarging cutter frames 51A to 51D, the second cutter 50 is located between the cutter spokes 53.
A plurality of cutter bits (not shown) are detachably arranged so as to excavate a hole larger than the diameter R3.

As shown in FIG. 1, the erector 60B is
(Electa 60A has the same structure but different size. Hereinafter, description will be made on the erector 60B) has a guide ring 61 arranged such that its axis substantially coincides with the axis CT1 of the body portion 20. , A rotating frame 62 that rotates around the axis CT1 along the guide ring 61
have. A suspension beam 63 movably supported in a direction parallel to the axis CT1 is disposed on the rear end surface (right side in FIG. 1) of the rotary frame 62, and a rear end portion of the suspension beam 63 is It has a telescopic jack 65 that can extend and contract in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the suspension beam 63. The linings 2, 3, 7, 9 are attached to one end of the telescopic jack 65.
A grip portion 66 for gripping the segment (or the odd-shaped segment) for configuring

The erector 60A and the erector 60
As for B, two sets of guide rings 61 having different diameters may be prepared and replaced according to the expansion and contraction of the body portion 20, or only the base 67 supporting the guide ring 61. Is replaced and the axis of the erector 60B is adjusted to substantially match the axis CT1, the switching of the tunnels 1 and 6 can be dealt with.
The erector 60B may be used as it is.

A remodeling process of the excavation device 11 for excavating the tunnels 1 and 6 having different diameters in the excavation device 11 configured as described above will be described with reference to the drawings. 6 to 9 are process diagrams showing a process of refurbishing the excavation device 11 for switching from the tunnel 6 to the tunnel 1.

As shown in FIG. 6, when the vicinity of the switching position C1 for switching the diameter D2 of the tunnel 6 (see FIG. 1) to the diameter D1 of the tunnel 1 (see FIG. 1) is reached, the forward direction (see FIG. 6) is reached. A remodeled space 12 (diameter h1, distance l) necessary for refurbishing the excavation device 11 on the ground 15 on the left side of
The ground improvement agent is injected into the range of the diameter H and the distance L including 1) to form the ground improvement portion 16 in which the ground 15 is prevented from collapsing and groundwater is prevented from seeping out. The diameter h1 is substantially the same as the diameter R3 (see FIG. 5) of the second cutter 50, and the distance l1 is from the tip of the first cutter 40 (or the second cutter 50) to the body portion 20. The distance is sufficiently longer than the length to the rear end (including the tail seal). Further, the diameter H and the distance L in the range where the ground is improved are such that the ground 15 can be prevented from collapsing and spring water when the remodeled space 12 having the diameter h1 and the distance (l1) is excavated therein.

When the switching position C1 is located in a strong stratum where there is no fear of collapse of the ground 15 or spring water, injection of the ground improvement agent is stopped (that is, the ground improvement section 16 is turned on). The remodeled space 12 can be formed as it is (without being formed).

As shown in FIG. 6, the copy cutter 4 is moved to a position of a distance l2 before reaching the switching position C1.
In a state where 6 is stored in the first cutter frame 41, the excavation device 11 is moved forward, and the excavation by the first cutter 40 is performed. The first cutter 40
Reach the position of the distance l2 before the switching position C1, the advance of the excavation device 11 is stopped, and the first cutter 4 is stopped.
In a state where 0 is rotating, the hydraulic cylinder 45 (see FIGS. 4 and 5) is operated to cause the copy cutter 46 to project in the radial direction of the first cutter 40, and the first cutter 40 Diameter h2 of the hole that was excavated by
Expand to. Then, when the hole to be excavated is expanded to the diameter h1, the excavation device 11 is moved forward by the distance (11 + 12). At this time, excavation is performed while assembling the lining 7 for the tunnel 6 as a temporary lining in order to obtain the digging force by the shield jack 26.

It should be noted that the distance l2 is determined by the excavation device 11
The tail of the body portion 20 of the tunnel 6 is fitted on the outermost lining 7a of the tunnel 6 (the left end in FIG. 7), and the diameter D2 of the tunnel 6 is changed to the diameter D1 of the tunnel 1 by connecting to the lining 7a. Lining 3 with a deformed segment for switching to (see Fig. 8)
To the distance required to assemble.

By excavating the distance l1 from the switching position C1, a remodeled space 12 for refurbishing the digging device 11 can be formed as shown in FIG. When the required excavation is completed, the advance of the excavation device 11 and the rotation of the first cutter 40 are stopped. Then, the gripper 27 is attached to the body portion 20, and the body portion 20 together with the gripper 27 has the axial center CT1.
The gripper 27 is attached so as to be movable in any direction, and one end of the gripper 27 is brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the hole excavated by the copy cutter 46 to hold the relative position of the excavation device 11 with respect to the axial center CT1. In this state, the copy cutter 46 is retracted.

While retreating the excavation device 11 together with the gripper 27 in the refurbished space 12, the temporary lining assembled in the refurbished space 12 is dismantled, and the disassembled segment is carried to the ground. After all the segments of the temporary lining are disassembled and carried out, the excavation device 11 is advanced to a position where the tail (including the tail seal) of the body portion 20 does not interfere with the tunnel 6. In this state, the elector 60B is disassembled and carried out to the ground. In addition, a manhole (not shown) of the frame 30B is opened, and the first cutter 4 is opened.
0 and the face surface 17 (the left end surface of the refurbished space 12), a worker and a cradle (not shown) of the first cutter 40 are fed into the space, and the cradle is used to move the first cradle. The cutter 40 is supported, and the first cutter 40 is separated from the main shaft 35.

On the other hand, inside the excavator 11, the mud pipe, the mud pipe, the stirring means, etc. are separated from the frame 30B. Further, the bearing 32, the gear 33, the main shaft 35 and the hydraulic motor 36 are removed from the frame 30B. Then, the frame 30B is disassembled and carried out to the ground. Then, the excavation device 11 remaining in the refurbished space 12 includes the body 20, the expansion / contraction jacks 25A (see FIG. 2), 25B,
25C, 25D (see FIG. 2), the shield jack 26,
Only the gripper 27 and the first cutter 40 are provided.

As shown in FIG. 8, the expansion / contraction jack 25.
A (see FIGS. 2 and 3), 25B, 25C, and 25D (see FIGS. 2 and 3) are actuated in the extending directions, respectively, and the gripper 27 is actuated by each of the reduction jacks 25A to 25A.
The diameter of the body portion 20 is expanded by relatively contracting the extension of 25D. At this time, the body portion 20 is supported by the gripper 27, and the entire circumference of the body portion 20 extends substantially uniformly.
The diameter will be expanded around T1. Therefore, the body portion 20 is held by the gripper 27 in a state where the axial center CT1 thereof substantially coincides with the axial center CT1 of the tunnel 6.

When the diameter expansion of the body portion 20 is completed, the frame 30A for the tunnel 1 is carried in, and the outer peripheral surface of the frame 30A is attached to the body portion 20 at the tip portion (left side in FIG. 8) of the body portion 20. The inner peripheral surface 20a of 20 is assembled so as to be in contact with the inner peripheral surface 20a via a seal member (not shown, for example, rubber packing or the like). Then, when the assembly of the frame 30A is completed, the bearing 32, the gear 33, and the main shaft 3 are attached to the frame 30A.
5 and the hydraulic motor 36 are assembled. Also, the frame 3
The mud feeding pipe and the mud drain pipe are connected to 0A, and the stirring device is attached.

On the other hand, when the assembling of the main shaft 35 is completed, the first cutter 40 is attached to the main shaft 35. Further, on the outer circumference of the first cutter frame 41 of the first cutter 40, the diameter expansion cutter frame 51 is provided.
A, 51B (see FIG. 5), 51C, 51D (see FIG. 5)
Is assembled to form the second cutter 50. The second
When the assembling of the cutter 50 is completed, the worker and the pedestal are housed in the excavation device 11. Then, a lid (not shown) is attached to the manhole of the frame 30A.

Further, the elector 6 is provided in the body portion 20.
Assemble 0A. Further, the tail of the body portion 20 (in particular, the skin plates 22A, 22B, 22C, 22 for expanding the diameter).
Attach a tail seal (not shown) to the inner surface of the D tail). In this way, the excavation device 1 for the tunnel 6
1 is converted into an excavation device 11 for the tunnel 1.

When the renovation of the excavation device 11 is completed, the tail of the trunk 20 of the excavation device 11 is attached to the tunnel 6
The outermost lining 7a is retracted together with the gripper 27. In this state, the deformed segment is loaded into the tunnel 6 and is connected to the lining 7a to form the lining 3
To form. At this time, the tail seal of the excavation device 11 is not in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the lining 7a. Using the assembled lining 3 as a reaction force receiver, the shield jack 2
6 is brought into contact, and the excavation device 11 is advanced by the width of the lining 3. Then, the tail seal of the excavation device 11 slides on the outer peripheral surface of the lining 3. On the other hand, the gripper 27 is removed from the body portion 20, the gripper 27 is carried out to the ground, and a lid (not shown) is attached to the attachment portion of the gripper 27 of the body portion 20.

As shown in FIG. 9, the segment for the tunnel 1 is carried in, the lining 2 is assembled so as to be connected to the lining 3, and the tunnel 1 is laid. Further, by repeating the forward movement of the excavation device 11 and the assembling of the lining 2, the second cutter 50 is moved to the cutting face 17
(See FIG. 8). Then, when the second cutter 50 has moved to just before the face 17, the hydraulic motor 36 is operated to rotate the second cutter 50. In this state, when the shield jack 26 is extended, the second cutter 50 comes into contact with the face surface 17,
The excavation of the ground improvement section 16 is started.

10 to 13 are process diagrams showing a process of switching from the tunnel 1 to the tunnel 6.

As shown in FIG. 10, the diameter D1 of the tunnel 1 (see FIG. 1) is changed to the diameter D2 of the tunnel 6 (see FIG. 1).
When the vicinity of the switching position C2 for switching to
A renovated space 12 (diameter h1, distance l required for refurbishing the excavation device 11 is formed in the natural ground 15 in the forward direction (left side in FIG. 10).
Ground improvement part 1 which injected ground improvement agent in the range of diameter H and distance L including 1) to prevent collapse of ground and spout of groundwater.
6 is formed. The diameter h1 is set to be substantially the same as the diameter R3 (see FIG. 5) of the second cutter 50, and the distance l1
Is a distance sufficiently longer than the length from the front end of the second cutter 50 to the rear end (including the tail seal) of the body portion 20. Further, the diameter H and the distance L in the range of ground improvement
Is a range that can prevent collapse of the natural ground 15 and spring water when a hole having a diameter h1 and a distance l1 is excavated therein.

When the switching position C2 is located in a strong stratum where there is no fear of collapse of the natural ground 15 or spring water, the injection of the ground improvement agent is stopped (that is, the ground improvement section 16 is turned on). The remodeled space 12 can be formed as it is (without being formed).

The excavator 11 is moved to the switching position C2.
Move forward by a distance l1. At this time, excavation is performed while assembling the lining 2 for the tunnel 1 as a temporary lining in order to obtain the digging force by the shield jack 26.

When the excavation is performed from the switching position C2 to the distance l1, a remodeled space 12 for remodeling the excavation device 11 can be formed as shown in FIG. When the required excavation is completed, the excavation device 11 advances and the second
The rotation of the cutter 50 is stopped. Then, while retracting the excavation device 11, the temporary lining assembled in the refurbished space 12 is disassembled by the erector 60A, and the disassembled segment is carried to the ground.

As shown in FIG. 12, a deformed segment is carried into the tunnel 1 and the erector 60A is used to
The lining 3 is formed so as to be connected to the lining 2a at the extreme end of the tunnel 1 (the right end in FIG. 12). At this time, the tail seal of the excavation device 11 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the lining 2. The shield lining 26 is brought into contact with the assembled lining 3 as a reaction force receiving force to advance the excavation device 11 by the width of the lining 3. Further, the deformed segment is carried into the tunnel 1 and the lining 9 is formed by the erector 60A. Then, with the lining 9 as a reaction force, the excavation device 11 is advanced to a position where a tail seal (not shown) of the excavation device 11 is removed from the lining 9. Then, a tail seal (not shown) attached to the diameter-expanding skin plates 22A to 22D (see FIG. 3) is removed, and the excavation device 11 is retracted to a position where the tail is fitted onto the lining 9. Let

In this state, the elector 60A is disassembled and carried out to the ground. Further, a manhole (not shown) of the frame 30A is opened, and an operator and the second member are placed in a space formed between the second cutter 50 and the face surface 17.
The pedestal (not shown) of the cutter 50 is sent, the pedestal supports the second cutter 50, and the second cutter 50 is separated from the main shaft 35.

On the other hand, inside the excavator 11, the mud pipe, the mud pipe, the stirring means, etc. are separated from the frame 30A. Further, the bearing 32, the gear 33, the main shaft 35 and the hydraulic motor 36 are removed from the frame 30A. Then, the frame 30A is disassembled and carried out to the ground. Then, the excavation device 11 remaining in the refurbished space 12 has the body portion 20 and the expansion / contraction jack 25A (see FIGS. 2 and 3) 25.
Only B, 25C and 25D (see FIGS. 2 and 3), the shield jack 26 and the second cutter 50 are provided. In this state, the gripper 27 is attached to the body portion 20 so as to be relatively movable in the radial direction of the body portion 20, and the tip end thereof is brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the hole excavated by the second cutter 50. .

The expansion / contraction jacks 25A to 25D (FIG. 2,
(See FIG. 3), respectively, and operates the gripper 27 to expand and contract the jacks 25A to 25D.
And the relative expansion is performed to reduce the diameter of the body portion 20. The body portion 20 is reduced in diameter from the enlarged diameter state shown in FIG. 3 to the reduced diameter state shown in FIG. At this time, the body 20
Is supported by the gripper 27, and its entire circumference contracts substantially uniformly, so that its axial center is maintained at a substantially constant position with respect to the axial center CT1. Further, a tail seal (not shown) attached to the tail of the body portion 20 abuts on the outer periphery of the small diameter portion of the lining 9 formed of the deformed segment.

When the diameter reduction of the body portion 20 is completed, the frame 30B is loaded, and the inner peripheral surface 20a of the tip portion (the left side in FIG. 12) of the body portion 20 is inserted through the seal member (not shown). Can be assembled. Then, when the assembly of the frame 30B is completed, the bearing 32, the gear 33 main shaft 35 and the hydraulic motor 36 are assembled to the frame 30B. Also,
The mud feeding pipe and the mud drain pipe are connected to the frame 30 and the agitator is connected.

On the other hand, when the assembling of the main shaft 35 is completed, the second cutter 50 is attached to the main shaft 35,
First cutter frame 41 of the first cutter 40
The diameter expansion cutter frame 5 attached to the outer periphery of the
1A, 51B, 51C and 51D (see FIG. 5) are removed and restored to the first cutter 40. When the removal of the diameter expansion cutter frames 51A to 51D is completed, the operator, the pedestal, and the diameter expansion cutter frames 51A to 51D are removed.
D is accommodated in the excavation device 11. Then, a lid (not shown) is attached to the manhole of the frame 30B. Further, the erector 60B is assembled in the body portion 20. In this way, the excavation device 11 for the tunnel 1
To the excavation device 11 for the tunnel 6.

As shown in FIG. 13, when the renovation of the excavation device 11 is completed, the segment for the tunnel 6 is carried in and the lining 7 is assembled so as to be connected to the lining 9.
The tunnel 6 is laid. Furthermore, by repeating the forward movement of the excavation device 11 and the assembling of the lining 7, the first cutter 40 is moved to the face 17 (see FIG. 12). Then, the first cutter 40 moves the face 1
After moving to just before 7, the hydraulic motor 36 is operated to rotate the first cutter 40. In this state,
When the shield jack 26 is extended, the first cutter 40 comes into contact with the face surface 17, and the ground improvement portion 1
Start excavation of 6.

When the tips of the first cutter 40 and the trunk portion 20 enter the ground improvement portion 16, the forward movement of the excavation device 11 and the rotation of the first cutter 40 are stopped, and the trunk portion is stopped. 20 to the gripper 27 (see FIG. 12)
And remove the gripper 27 to the ground. A lid (not shown) is attached to the attachment portion of the gripper 27. Then, by repeating the excavation by the excavation device 11 and the assembly of the lining 7, the excavation device 11 penetrates the ground improvement portion 16 and enters the natural ground 15. The back-filling material and the back-filling material are injected into the gap between the tunnels 1 and 6 and the excavation hole or the refurbished space 12 as appropriate.

As described above, since the renovation space 12 is formed at the switching positions C1 and C2 of the tunnel 1 and the tunnel 6, and the excavation device 11 is refurbished in the renovation space 12, The tunnels 1 and 6 having different diameters can be continuously laid without forming vertical shafts at the switching positions C1 and C2 of the diameters of the tunnel 1 and the tunnel 6.

The first and second cutters 40,
The excavating means such as 50 is, for example, a water pressure (water jet) or the like as long as it is capable of excavating natural ground (in the present invention, including all regions targeted for tunnel excavation such as mountains, urban areas, and seabeds). Good.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a digging device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA showing a state in which the diameter of the body portion of the excavation device in FIG. 1 is reduced.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA showing the state in which the diameter of the trunk of the excavation device in FIG. 1 is expanded.

4 is a view on arrow B showing a state in which the diameter of the cutter of the excavation device in FIG. 1 is reduced.

5 is a view on arrow B showing a state in which the cutter of the excavation device in FIG. 1 is expanded in diameter.

FIG. 6 is a process diagram showing a process of refurbishing the excavation device when expanding the diameter of the tunnel.

FIG. 7 is a process diagram showing a process of refurbishing the excavation device when expanding the tunnel diameter.

FIG. 8 is a process diagram showing the process of refurbishing the excavation device when the diameter of the tunnel is increased.

FIG. 9 is a process diagram showing the process of refurbishing the excavation device when expanding the diameter of the tunnel.

FIG. 10 is a process drawing showing the process of refurbishing the excavation device when the tunnel diameter is reduced.

FIG. 11 is a process diagram showing the process of refurbishing the excavation device when the tunnel diameter is reduced.

FIG. 12 is a process diagram showing a process of refurbishing the excavation device when the tunnel diameter is reduced.

FIG. 13 is a process diagram showing the process of refurbishing the excavation device when the tunnel diameter is reduced.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Tunnel 6 ... Tunnel 20 ... Body part 21A, 21B, 21C, 21D ... Skin plate 22A, 22B, 22C, 22D ... Skin plate 25A, 25B, 25C, 25D for diameter expansion ... Driving means (expansion / contraction jack) 27 ... Gripper 30A, 30B ... Frame 31 ... Chamber 40 ... First cutter 41 ... First cutter frame 46 ... Copy cutter 50 ... Second cutter 51A, 51B, 51C, 51D ... Second cutter frame (diameter expanding cutter frame) ) 60A, 60B ... Electa CT1 ... Shaft center

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Kazuaki Nakazawa             58-60 Onoe-cho, Naka-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture               Mitsui Construction Co., Ltd. Yokohama Branch F term (reference) 2D054 AA05 AC01 AD17 AD19 AD20                       BA04 BA25 CA01 CA03 CA04

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A ground excavation is carried out by a cutter provided at the tip of the apparatus, segments are assembled by an erector provided at the rear of the apparatus to construct a lining, and a tunnel is laid. In the excavation device, a body portion that is formed so that it can be expanded and reduced in diameter, and a cutter that is formed so that its cutter diameter can be changed to be approximately the same as the outer diameter of the expanded and reduced diameter body portion, A frame that is detachably arranged to the expanded and reduced diameter body part, supports the cutter rotatably, and constitutes a chamber that receives the earth and sand excavated by the cutter, and its axis is And an erector arranged at a rear portion of the excavating device so as to substantially coincide with an axis of the excavating device, wherein when the diameter of the trunk is expanded / reduced, the diameter of the trunk is matched. By arranging the frame, cutter and erector, Different tunnels were to be laid continuously in the axial direction, excavation device with. 2. The first cutter frame, which has a diameter substantially equal to that of the shrunk body, and the first cutter frame, the cutter being movably supported in the radial direction, and the first cutter frame. A first cutter having a copy cutter for excavating a larger diameter than the cutter frame, and a second cutter frame divided into a plurality of parts are provided, and the second cutter frame is the first cutter of the first cutter. The excavation device according to claim 1, further comprising: a second cutter that is arranged on an outer periphery of the cutter frame and has a diameter substantially equal to that of the enlarged body portion. 3. The body portion is divided into a plurality of portions in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of arc-shaped skin plates arranged so that adjacent end portions are slidably overlapped with each other, and are adjacent to each other. In order to connect the skin plates, the skin plates are arranged between adjacent skin plates, and the skin plates are driven so as to approach and separate from each other,
The drive device for switching the diameter of the body portion, and the excavation device according to claim 1 or 2. 4. The plurality of grippers, which are expandable and contractible in the radial direction of the body portion, are detachably provided on the body portion from the inside to the outside of the body portion. The excavation device according to any one of 3 above.