JPH05146071A - Simulator for training operation of power system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simulate disturbance or step-out of generator correctly by performing voltage calculation in transient stability calculation and solving state equation of generator model in parallel with split unit. CONSTITUTION:A system split stage 8 is started by a system simulation monitoring/controlling means 3 and splits a simulator data, preserved in a simulator data preserving area 4, to be preserved in a split data preserving area 10. Subsequently, a transient stability calculating means 11 performs voltage calculation and simulates a generator model based on the data preserved in the split data preserving area 10. A data converting means 9 converts split calculation results, including voltage calculation results and generator response information, in the order prevailing before splitting and preserves thus converted results in the simulator data preserving area 4. A line power flow means 12 then calculates a line power flow based on the voltage values preserved in the simulator data preserving area 4 and preserves the calculation results in the simulator data preserving area 4. Subsequently, the system monitoring/ controlling means 3 is started again.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power system operation training simulator for simulating the response of a power system and for training trainees (hereinafter referred to as trainees) in system operation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An outline of a power system operation training simulator will be briefly described. The power system operation training simulator is intended for training operators of the power supply command center and general control center.
An instructor (hereinafter referred to as a trainer) performs operations to change the initial system data and system status via the man-machine device, and trainees monitor and control the system via the man-machine device to simulate the system. The department simulates the response of the electric power system to the operation of the trainer and trainee, and creates the situation where the trainee is monitoring and controlling in the actual system.

In the conventional power system operation training simulator, the frequency fluctuation calculation for calculating the frequency deviation from the difference between the demand (load) and the supply power (power generation) and the load and the generated power in consideration of the frequency fluctuation are set as the specified values. The power flow was calculated by repeatedly calculating the voltage distribution and the power flow distribution of the power plant to simulate the response of the power system.

The conventional method will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional power system operation training simulator. 1 is a trainer man-machine device, 2 is a trainee man-machine device, 3 is a system simulation monitoring / control means, 4 is a simulator data storage area, 5 is a system configuration construction means, 6 is a frequency fluctuation calculation means, and 7 is It is a power flow calculation means. The trainer sets the initial system data for training through the trainer man-machine device 1 and starts the training. The system simulation monitoring / control means 3 saves the initial data set by the trainer via the man-machine device 1 in the simulator data saving area 4, and thereafter,
The system configuration construction means 5 is activated. This initial data includes the load power, the generator output, the generator target voltage, and the switching state of the switch required to simulate the response of the power system.

Based on the open / closed states of the switches stored in the simulator data storage area 4, the system configuration construction means 5 provides connection information of each facility in the power system necessary for the frequency fluctuation calculation means 6 and the power flow calculation means 7. It is constructed and stored in the simulator data storage area 4, and then the frequency fluctuation calculation means 6 is started. The frequency fluctuation calculation means 6 calculates a frequency deviation caused by the current power imbalance based on the load power, the generator output, and the connection state of the load and the generator, and stores the frequency deviation in the simulator data storage area 4, and then the power flow. Calculation means 7
To start. The power flow calculation means 7 is load power, generator output,
The target voltage of the generator, the connection information of the grid, and the frequency deviation calculated by the frequency fluctuation calculation means 6 are taken out from the simulator data storage area 4, and the load power and the generator output in consideration of the frequency fluctuation are recalculated, and the simulator is used. Save again in the data save area 4. After that, the algebraic equation in which the generator target voltage, the recalculated load power, and the generator output are designated values is solved, the voltage value of each bus in the system and the line flow are obtained, and stored in the simulator data storage area 4. After saving the data, the system simulation monitoring / control means 3 is restarted.

The system simulation monitoring / control means 3 takes out the load power, the generator output, the bus voltage and the line power flow calculated by the power flow calculation means 7 from the simulator data storage area 4,
The current system state is displayed on the trainer and the trainee through the trainer man-machine device 1 and the trainee man-machine device 2. The trainee monitors the state of the power system through the trainee man-machine device 2 and considers a method for operating the power system safely and economically, and implements this. This is intended to improve the trainee's monitoring and control capabilities, that is, training.

The trainee is operated via the trainee man-machine device 2, and is reflected in the simulator data storage area 4 by the system simulation monitoring / control means 3. After that, the system configuration construction means 5, the frequency fluctuation calculation means 6, and the power flow calculation means 7 are activated by the above-mentioned procedure, and the response of the electric power system to the operation of the trainee is simulated, and the result is the trainer man-machine device 1 and trainee. It is displayed via the man-machine device 2. The trainer changes the open / closed state of the switch through the trainer man-machine device 1 in order to simulate an accident such as a trip of the switch, and in order to simulate the local reaction to the trainee's command, the load power is used. , Change the generator output. The trainer operation is reflected in the calculation in the same procedure as the trainee operation, and is displayed via the man-machine device.

[0008]

When an accident occurs in the electric power system, the generator may be shaken or out of step.
In this case, depending on the location of the accident and the performance of the generator,
It can be divided into a generator that shakes a lot, a generator that does not shake a lot, or a generator that is out of step and a generator that is not out of step. However, in the conventional method, all generators in the power system are
It was not possible to accurately simulate the difference in frequency fluctuations of individual generators and the out-of-step phenomenon because the frequency fluctuations were simulated by replacing them with equivalent generators.

For this reason, accurate training cannot be carried out when the generator is shaken or out of step. If any of these phenomena occur, if the operator mishandles the accident, the accident will spread to the entire power system and lead to a major accident. is there. The present invention has been made to solve the above problems,
It is an object of the present invention to provide an electric power system operation training simulator capable of accurately simulating the sway and out-of-step phenomenon of a generator.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention incorporates a transient stability calculation means in place of the conventional frequency fluctuation calculation means and power flow calculation means, and also uses a power system for division calculation. The network is divided into several subsystems, and the system dividing means for dividing the generator model and the divided data storage area for storing the divided data and the data conversion for re-converting the divided data into the data before the division Means and a line power flow calculation means for calculating the line power flow are added.

[0011]

The load data, the generator data, and the system configuration data stored in the simulator data storage area are divided by the system dividing means into units of data used in the division calculation, and are stored in the divided data storage area. Here, the divided data includes data for voltage calculation necessary for transient stability calculation and data for generator model simulation. The data for voltage calculation is divided into subsystem units, and is divided into (n + 1) data units. The n data units are data used for parallel division calculation, and the remaining one data unit is data for calculating the voltage of the coupling portion connecting the n subsystems.

Since the data for simulating the generator model can be treated completely independently, it is divided into n data units. The number of n and m is arbitrary, but is usually the number of processors. The transient stability calculation means solves the algebraic equation of the coupling part, and then the algebraic equations of the n subsystems are calculated in parallel by each processor to obtain the voltage distribution of the entire power system. After that, based on the data for simulating the generator model and the calculated value of the voltage, the state equation of the generator model is solved to simulate the response of the generator. The arithmetic operations for solving these state equations are also performed in parallel in each processor. From the above, the calculation time of the voltage calculation is about 1 / n of the conventional one, and the simulation time of the generator model is 1 / m of the conventional one. This allows the transient stability calculation to be performed in real time. By performing this transient stability calculation, it is possible to accurately simulate the sway and out-of-step phenomenon of the generator, which could not be performed conventionally.

[0013]

Embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings. Figure 1
FIG. 1 is a functional block configuration diagram of an embodiment for explaining a power system operation training simulator according to the present invention. 1, the same parts as those in FIG. 5 are designated by the same reference numerals. In FIG. 1, 8 is a system dividing means for dividing data for division calculation, 10 is a divided data storage area for storing data for division calculation, 11 is a voltage distribution in the power system, and a generator model Transient stability calculation means for solving the equation of state and simulating the response of the generator, 9 is data conversion means for re-converting the divided data before division, and 12 is line power flow calculation means for calculating the power flow from the voltage value. is there. Other configurations are shown in FIG.
Is the same as.

In this embodiment, the transient stability calculation means 11 is incorporated in the power system operation training simulator to accurately simulate the fluctuation and out-of-step phenomenon of the generator. The transient stability calculation is a solution problem of an algebraic equation expressing the relationship between the voltage and the current of the power system and a state equation expressing the generator and its control system.

In the present embodiment, in order to carry out the transient stability calculation in real time, the solution of the algebraic equation for obtaining the voltage and the solution of the state equation of the generator model are calculated in parallel using a multi-processor. suggest. Here, when dividing the generator data, it is more efficient to divide the data so that the amount of data to be calculated by each processor is substantially equal. If the division method is not uniform, the calculation time in each processor is not uniform, and the effect of parallel calculation is reduced.

As shown in FIG. 2, the data for voltage calculation is divided into subsystems in which the network of the electric power system is divided into regions. Although Fig. 2 shows an example in which the subsystem is divided into five, one of the subsystems is a coupling part (○ mark) that connects the remaining four subsystems, and the voltage calculation of this coupling part is not a parallel operation. The amount of data in the coupling part is small, and it is more efficient to divide it so that the amount of data in the subsystems other than the coupling part is almost equal, as in the generator model. The voltage calculation is to solve the algebraic equation of YV = I. Here, Y is an admittance matrix, V is a voltage vector, and I is a current vector. In this embodiment, voltage calculation is performed in parallel. Hereinafter, the procedure of parallel operation will be described with reference to FIG. The various quantities are as described in FIG.
Focusing on the Kth block in FIG. 3, Equation (1) is obtained. Focusing on the (n + 1) th block, Equation (2) is obtained. From equation (1), V _K becomes equation (3). Substituting equation (3) into equation (2)
We obtain equation (4). If equation (4) is rewritten as equation (5),
Equation (6) is obtained.

Y _KK · V _K + Y _{Kn + 1} · V _{n + 1} = I _K ……… (1) V _K = Y _KK ^-1 · [I _K −Y _{Kn + 1} V _{Kn + 1} ] ……… (3) ^{(K = 1,2,…, n)} Z · V _{n + 1} = Q (6) Here, Y _KK : Admittance matrix of subsystem K Y _{Kn + 1} , Y _{n + 1K} : Subsystem K and connection part (n + 1-th subsystem tem) Mutual matrix Y _{n + 1 n + 1} : Admittance matrix of coupling part V _K : Voltage vector of subsystem K I _K : Current vector of subsystem K By solving the equation (6), the voltage V _{n + 1 at the} coupling portion can be obtained. When V _{n + 1} is obtained, the equation (3) can be solved, and the voltage of each subsystem is calculated. Equation (3) is as many as the number of subsystems excluding the coupling part, and each subsystem can be treated completely independently, so parallel computation is possible.

Further, since the state equation of the generator model can be treated completely independently after data division, the conventional method can be applied as it is as a method of analyzing the state equation. As a method, for example, the modified Euler method, Trapezoi
The dal method etc. are mentioned. The newly added components will be described below with reference to FIG. The system dividing means 8 is activated by the system simulation monitoring / controlling means 3, divides the simulator data stored in the simulator data storage area 4 for division calculation, and stores it in the divided data storage area 10. As described above, the generator data is divided so that the data amount is substantially equal, and the voltage calculation data is divided into the voltage calculation data of the coupling portion and other substantially equal data in subsystem units. Then, the transient stability calculation means 11 is activated. The transient stability calculation means 11 calculates the voltage and simulates the generator model based on the data stored in the divided data storage area 10.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing an algorithm for calculating the transient stability. In S1, the admittance matrix of each subsystem is created from the line connection state and line constants such as impedance, and then LDU division calculation is performed. LDU decomposition is one of the methods for solving large-scale algebraic equations at high speed. In S2, the calculation for creating the matrix of the connection part is performed. Each subsystem calculates Y _{n + 1i} · Y _ii ⁻¹ · Y _{in + 1 in the} above equation (4).
In S3, the matrix Z of the connecting portion is created, and then the LDU division calculation is performed. At S4, Z · V _{n + 1} = Q is solved to calculate the voltage at the coupling portion. In S5, the voltage of each subsystem is calculated. In S6, the equation of state of the generator model is solved.

The result of the above division calculation is stored in the division data storage area 10, and then the data conversion means 9 is activated. The data conversion means 9 converts the results of division calculation such as voltage calculation and generator response information into the pre-division results and stores them in the simulator data storage area 4. Then, the line power flow calculation means 12 is started. The line power flow means 12 calculates a line power flow based on the voltage value stored in the simulator data storage area 4, and stores the calculation result in the simulator data storage area 4. Then, the system simulation monitoring / control means 3 is restarted. According to this embodiment, it is possible to provide a simulator capable of performing transient stability calculation in real time.

[0021]

As described above, according to the present invention, the voltage calculation for transient stability calculation and the solution of the state equation of the generator model can be performed in parallel in divided units. Even if the stability calculation is performed, the simulation can be performed without losing the real-time property. Incorporating transient stability calculations into the simulation
It is possible to provide an electric power system operation training simulator that is close to the behavior of the actual electric power system and can simulate the sway and out-of-step phenomenon of the generator.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a functional block configuration diagram of an embodiment for explaining a power system operation training simulator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a method of dividing a power system network.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a division calculation method of voltage calculation.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a division calculation method for transient stability calculation.

FIG. 5 is a functional block configuration diagram illustrating a conventional power system operation training simulator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 trainer man-machine device 2 trainee man-machine device 3 system simulation monitoring and control means 4 simulator data storage area 5 system configuration construction means 6 frequency fluctuation calculation means 7 tidal current calculation means 8 system division means 9 data conversion means 10 divisions Data storage area 11 Transient stability calculation means 12 Line power flow calculation means

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A simulator data storage area for storing load power, generator output, and switch open / closed states, and trainer and trainer operations are reflected in the simulator data storage area, and a simulation result of a power system is stored in a man-machine device. System simulation monitoring and control means displayed via, and a system configuration construction means for constructing the connection state of each facility in the power system from the switching state of the switch saved in the simulator storage area,
Load power stored in the simulator data storage area,
In the power system operation training simulator that simulates the operation of the power system based on the generator output and the connection information of the equipment created by the system configuration construction means, the system division means for dividing the data for the division calculation, and the data for the division calculation. The divided data storage area that saves the data, the voltage distribution in the power system, and the transient stability calculation means that simulates the response of the generator by solving the equation of state of the generator model. An electric power system operation training simulator, comprising: a data conversion means for re-converting the data and a line power flow calculation means for calculating a power flow from a voltage value.