JPH0514590B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention provides blood collected from a single needle punctured by a blood donor to a separator to separate plasma.
The present invention relates to a single-needle plasma collection device that temporarily stores components including blood cells that have passed through the separator in a blood bag and returns them to the blood donor.

<Prior art> In such a single-needle plasma collection device, an anticoagulant (hereinafter referred to as ACD solution) is added to blood collected from a single needle inserted into a blood donor, and then applied to a separator to collect plasma. The blood cell components are separated from the blood cell components and collected, and the blood cell-containing components that have passed through the separator are introduced into a blood bag, and the blood cell components are mixed with the blood newly collected from the blood donor and circulated through the separator for separation. When the amount stored in the blood bag reaches the upper limit, blood is returned to the donor, and when the amount stored in the blood bag reaches the lower limit, blood collection is restarted, and such blood collection and blood return operations are performed using the separator. The process is continued until the plasma to be separated reaches a predetermined amount.

In such an apparatus, the weight of the blood bag is measured and blood is collected and returned. FIG. 7 shows a blood bag used in such an apparatus. The blood bag 1 is a flexible bag made of a transparent or translucent material such as plastic, and the thick part 1a at the upper end is provided with a lifting part 1b for hanging on a hook of a scale. ing. The thick part 1c at the lower end of the blood bag 1 has an inlet 1d for introducing components mainly containing blood cells through the separator.
and a discharge port 1e are provided. The heights of the openings in the bag 1f of these mouths are at the same position.

By the way, in such an apparatus, prior to the blood sampling operation, a priming operation is performed to fill the blood circuit, the blood bag, and the separator with physiological saline while removing air from inside the blood circuit, the blood bag, and the separator. Thereafter, the blood donor is punctured with the needle and the collected blood is used to expel the physiological saline that has accumulated in the blood circuit. After this, the serum sampling operation is started.

Physiological saline that could not be completely removed by the above operation remains in the blood circuit, etc., and when the plasma collection operation is started, the residual physiological saline is introduced into the blood bag 1 along with the blood cell components. The ACD solution added to the physiological saline and blood has a lower specific gravity than blood cells, and within the blood bag 1, a lower layer A of blood cells and an upper layer B of other components are formed. In such a state, the upper layer of physiological saline etc. cannot be easily replaced, and these components may be mixed into the collected plasma, which has been a problem in obtaining high-quality plasma.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> A technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that in the single-needle plasma collection device, the collected plasma can be collected in high quality without being diluted with physiological saline or the like. The aim is to make it possible to obtain plasma.

<Means for Solving the Problems> The configuration of the present invention is such that in the single-needle blood sampling device, the outlet of the blood bag is located above the blood bag at the same height as the inlet or higher than the inlet. This is due to the location.

<Operation> The technical means described above operates as follows. That is,
Immediately after the blood sampling operation is started, residual physiological saline and the like are introduced into the blood bag along with blood components.
These have a lower specific gravity than blood cells and form a layer above the blood cell components, but because the discharge port is located at a high position, these components are returned to the donor at the initial blood return stage of the blood collection operation. The inside of the blood bag is quickly replaced with components containing blood cells.

<Examples> Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, D is a blood donor, 2 is an ACD fluid bag that stores ACD fluid, and 3 is a saline bag that stores physiological saline.

Reference numeral 4 denotes a blood bag for temporarily storing the collected blood, which has a structure as shown in FIG. That is, a thick part 4a at the upper end of a flexible blood bag 4 made of a transparent or translucent material such as plastic is provided with a hanging part 4b for hanging on a hook of a scale. The thick portion 4c at the lower end of the blood bag 4 is provided with an inlet 4d for introducing components mainly containing blood cells via a separator to be described later, and an outlet 4e for discharging the components. There is. The positions of these ports in the bag 4f are such that the opening 4e' of the discharge port 4e is above the blood bag 4, and
It is configured to be at the same height as or higher than the opening 4d' of the inlet 4d.

4' is a weight detector that detects the weight of the blood bag 4; 5 is a plasma bag that stores plasma separated from the collected blood; 6 is a drain bag that stores drainage fluid; 7a to 7e are fluids ( ACD liquid, physiological saline, etc.) 1st to 5th detectors, 8a to 8e
are the first to fifth pumps (among them, the second pump 8b and the fourth pump 8d are pumps that can send fluid in both forward and reverse directions), and 9a to 9f are pumps through which the respective fluids flow. 1st to 6th clamps for opening and closing the flow path, 10a to 10c are first to third pressure gauges, 11a and 11b are first and second chambers,
12a is a blood detector, 12b is a hemolysis detector, 13
14 is a separator with a double tube structure, for example, which is divided into an inner chamber 13b and an outer chamber 13c by a membrane 13a that allows blood plasma to pass through but not blood cell components, and 14 is a needle that is inserted into the arm of donor D. .

The main operations of the apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention having such a configuration are a priming operation in which the blood circuit is washed with physiological saline, and a priming operation in which the blood collected from the donor D is stored in the blood bag 4 and then transferred to the blood circuit. a plasma collection operation in which plasma is collected using a separator 13;
and a blood collection operation for collecting blood flowing through the blood circuit.

The priming operation includes a step of removing air from the blood circuit with physiological saline, a step of filling the blood circuit with physiological saline, and a step of discharging the physiological saline. This priming operation will be explained below. First, the needle 14 is inserted into the saline bag 3, the first clamp 9a is opened, and the remaining clamps are closed. In this state, the first pump 8a and the second pump 8b are driven at the same speed. Physiological saline is introduced through the needle 14, ACD liquid is introduced through the first pump 8a,
These mixed liquids flow into the blood circuit via the first clamp 9a, the second detector 7b, and the chamber 11a, and are guided to the blood bag 4.

First, the air in the blood circuit flows into the blood bag 4, and then the mixed liquid flows into the blood bag 4. blood bug 4
The weight of the pump is detected by a weight detector 4', and when the value exceeds a certain upper limit, the first and second pumps 8a and 8b are stopped, and the third clamp 9c and the sixth clamp 9f are opened. , the third pump 8c is driven. As a result, the air accumulated in the blood bag 4 first passes through the exhaust port 4e, and then passes through the third clamp 9.
c, third pump 8c, chamber 11b, sixth
The blood is discharged out of the blood circuit via the clamp 9f. Subsequently, when the mixture leaves the blood bag 4 and the value detected by the weight detector 4' becomes below a certain lower limit value, the third clamp 9c is closed for a certain period of time, and the second clamp 9b is closed. is opened, and air is vented from the circuit between the saline bag 3, the third detector 7c, and the second clamp 9b.

After a certain period of time after the third detector 7c detects physiological saline, the second clamp 9b is closed, the third clamp 9c is opened, and the second pump 8b is driven. At this time, the speed ratio between the second pump 8b and the third pump 8c is set to, for example, 1:0.9. As a result, the second
The differential flow of the third pump flows into the blood bag 4.

Next, when the fourth detector 7b detects physiological saline, the sixth clamp 9f is closed. As a result, the physiological saline supplied by the second and third pumps 8b and 8c passes through the inner chamber 13b of the separator 13 to the drainage bag 6 while expelling air in the circuit.
flows into.

After a certain period of time, the second and third pumps 8b and 8c are stopped, the fourth and fifth clamps 9d and 9e are opened, and the saline remaining in the blood bag 4 is drained from the inlet 4d of the blood bag 4. The air accumulated between the fourth clamps 9d is expelled to the drain bag 6. When the value of the weight detector 4' reaches zero, the fourth clamp 9d
Close. Through the above series of steps, the inside of the blood circuit is filled with physiological saline, and the blood bag 4 is filled with physiological saline.
will be empty.

Next, the process of discharging physiological saline from the blood circuit will be explained. The needle 14 is inserted into the arm of the blood donor D, and the first clamp 9a and the third clamp 9
c, the fifth clamp 9e is opened and the remaining clamps are closed. In this state, when the first to third pumps 8a to 8c are driven, blood is collected from the arm of the blood donor A through the needle 14. This blood
ACD fluid flows through the blood circuit while being mixed. In addition, this blood causes physiological saline and the like in the blood circuit to be expelled via the second chamber 11b, the inner chamber 13b of the separator 13, and the blood detector 12a, and finally to the drain bag 6. is discharged.

When blood is detected by the blood detector 12a, the fifth
The clamp 9e is closed, the fourth clamp 9d is opened, and the blood sampling operation is started. The weight of the blood bag 4 is detected by a weight detector 4', and when the value exceeds a certain upper limit, the third clamp 9c is closed, the first pump 8a and the third pump 8c are stopped, and The second pump 8b is driven in the opposite direction to return blood.

Immediately after the start of the blood sampling operation, a small amount of physiological saline remaining in the blood circuit etc. is introduced into the blood bag 4 along with blood cell components via the separator 13, and these form two layers in the blood bag 4, but are not drained. Since the outlet 4e is provided at a high position, the upper layer of physiological saline etc. is returned to the blood donor D at the initial blood return stage.

<Effects of the Invention> According to the present invention, residual physiological saline and the like introduced into the blood bag together with blood cell components immediately after the start of the plasma collection operation are returned to the blood donor at the initial blood return stage of the plasma collection operation. Therefore, the inside of the blood bag can be quickly replaced with blood cell components.

The structure of the blood bag 4 in the apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to that shown in FIG. 2, but may be as shown in FIGS. 3 to 6.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 2 to 6 are plan views showing a specific example of a blood bag in an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a plan view of a blood bag in a conventional apparatus. It is a diagram. D...Blood donor, 2...ACD fluid bag, 3...
Physiological bag, 4...Blood bag, 4d...Inflow port, 4e...Outlet port, 4'...Weight detector, 5...
...Plasma bag, 6...Drainage bag, 7a-7e...
...first to fifth detectors, 8a to 8e...pump,
9a to 9f...clamp, 10a to 10c...pressure gauge, 11a, 11b...chamber, 13...
Separator, 14...needle.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Blood collected from a single needle punctured by a blood donor is fed to a separator to separate plasma, and components including blood cells that have passed through the separator are temporarily stored in a blood bag, and the donated blood is A single-needle blood sampling device that is returned to a person, characterized in that an outlet of the blood bag is provided above the blood bag at the same height as or higher than the inlet. Device. 2. In the blood sampling operation that starts after the priming operation of filling the blood circuit etc. with physiological saline, the removal of air from these parts, and the discharge of the physiological saline accumulated in these parts, the early blood bag is removed together with components including blood cells. 2. The single-needle plasma sampling device according to claim 1, wherein residual physiological saline or the like introduced into the blood circuit is returned to the blood donor at an initial blood return stage of the plasma sampling operation. 3. A patent in which a component containing blood cells discharged from the blood bag is mixed with blood collected from the blood donor and applied to the separator, and the component containing blood cells that has passed through the separator is circulated to the blood bag. A single needle blood sampling device according to claim 1.