JPH0513410Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Field of industrial application) This invention is applicable to plastic moldings (containers or various containers, etc.), waste wood, old furniture, refrigerators, washing machines, chests of drawers, desks, etc. carpet,
The present invention relates to a device for efficiently crushing bulky waste such as tatami mats, tree roots discharged from reclaimed land, and waste material from pruning of plants.

(Prior art) Once the bulky wastes mentioned above are brought to a treatment plant, they are temporarily stored in a hopper and cannot be pulverized in their original form, so they are first broken up or crushed, and then pulverized on a conveyor. It is transported to a machine where it is crushed into chips. Chip-shaped waste that can be reprocessed is sent to a reprocessing process, while waste that cannot be reprocessed is simply buried underground.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) However, in the above-mentioned pulverization processing system, a hopper for storage, a space for pre-treatment, a conveyor, a pulverizer, etc. are required at a minimum.
The total space must be vast, and it requires manpower. Moreover, the amount of such bulky waste is increasing year by year, and there is an urgent need to establish a rational method for disposing of it.

The present invention was developed in view of the above, and it is possible to efficiently crush vertically bulky waste by receiving the feeding action of the forced transfer member both at the bottom and the top, and at the same time, to obtain fragments smaller than a predetermined size. The first purpose is
A second purpose is to continuously shake the waste from side to side in the hopper to efficiently feed the waste to the rotating crushing rotary body to obtain pieces of a predetermined size or less.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The structure of the present invention for achieving the above object will be explained based on the attached embodiment diagrams. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing the basic configuration of a waste crushing device, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment according to the first invention, and FIG.
A similar view showing one embodiment of the invention, FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional side view of another embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment of the rotating body employed in the above embodiment.

That is, a basic bulk waste crushing device includes a hopper 1 that is large enough to accommodate the bulk waste.
and a table 2 placed at the bottom of the hopper 1.
, a take-out port 3 opened in the table 2, a fixed blade 4 fixed to the opening edge of the take-out port 3; A crushing rotary body 5 to which a blade-like member 51 for crushing or crushing is attached is arranged on the table 2 so as to be able to reciprocate in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the rotary body 5, and is used to remove waste on the table 2. The gist thereof is that it consists of a forced transfer member 6 that is forced toward the rotating body 5 side.

In the first invention, the outlet 3 is opened between the table 2 and one side wall 11 of the hopper 1,
In addition to the above-mentioned crushing rotary body 5, a second crushing rotary body 5' is disposed in the extraction port 3 in parallel to the above-mentioned side wall 11 in close proximity to the above, and the crushing rotary bodies 5, 5' It is also possible to fix a second fixed blade 4' in between, and these are appropriately selected and used depending on the bulk of the waste to be treated.

In addition, the bulk waste crushing device according to the second invention is
A hopper 1 large enough to store bulky waste, and a table 2 placed at the bottom of the hopper 1.
, a take-out port 3 opened in the table 2, a fixed blade 4 fixed to the opening edge of the take-out port 3, and a plurality of blades rotatably disposed in the take-out port 3 and arranged around the circumferential body. The hopper 1 is made up of a crushing rotary body 5 to which a blade-like member 51 for crushing or crushing is attached, and the hopper 1 is capable of reciprocating and lateral movement on the table 2 along a direction orthogonal to the axis of the rotary body 5. It is characterized by:

The blade-like members 51 are selectively used depending on the properties of the object to be treated. For example, when the waste is plastic or wood-based waste, the blade-like members 51 are used as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4. Cutting blades are fixed to the circumference of the rotating bodies 5, 5' at intervals, and are broken by the shearing force between the cutting blades and the fixed blades 4, 4' as the rotating bodies 5, 5' rotate. However, in the case of a refrigerator or a washing machine that includes metal objects, hammer members are pivotally mounted at intervals around the rotating bodies 5, 5' as shown in FIG. It is preferable to use a structure that crushes and breaks by the swinging impact force of the hammer as it rotates and the shearing force between it and the fixed blades 4, 4.

(Function) The procedure for pulverizing bulky waste using the pulverizer having the above configuration will be described. In the basic structure of the apparatus, first, the above-mentioned bulky waste is directly put into the hopper 1, and the crushing rotary body 5 is rotated. Due to the action of the blade members 51 . . . accompanying this rotation, the waste is broken or crushed from a portion within the rotation locus of the blade members 51 . At the same time, the forced transfer member 6
When actuated, the forced transfer member 6 moves to the table 2.
Since the upper part of the rotating body 5 slides in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the rotating body 5, the waste is constantly pushed into the rotation trajectory of the blade member 51, and the above-mentioned breaking or crushing process continues, and the waste is removed from the outlet 3. Chip-shaped processed materials are sequentially discharged.

In one embodiment of the first invention (FIG. 2), the second crushing rotary body 5' is disposed obliquely above and close to the first rotary body 5 and along the side wall 11. Even vertically bulky waste is efficiently crushed by the two crushing rotating bodies 5, 5' under the action of the forced transfer member 6. That is, in the case of the example shown in FIG. 1, even if such bulky waste is transferred by the forced transfer member 6, once the upwardly projecting portion of the rotating body 5 hits the side wall 11, no further crushing treatment will be performed. In this example, the upwardly projecting portion of the rotating body 5 is equally affected by the second rotating body 5'. Since the twin screens 52, 52 are replaceably installed so as to cover the lower half portions of the rotating bodies 5, 5', it is possible to obtain chip-like fragments of a predetermined size below the screen size.

In addition, in the device of the second invention, the hopper 1 itself moves horizontally in a reciprocating manner on the table 2 in place of the forcible transfer member 6 along the axis of the rotating body 5, so that the waste is moved horizontally. Similarly to the above, the crushed particles are pushed into the rotation locus of the blade members 51 and subjected to the breaking or crushing action, and are then sieved by the screen 52 and discharged from the outlet 3 as chip-shaped crushed substances of a predetermined size or less. Ru.

As mentioned above, the forced transfer member 6 slides back and forth on the table 2 at the bottom of the hopper 1, and the hopper 1 itself is capable of reciprocating and horizontal movement.
The waste thrown into the system is processed into chips one after another without any lag. Therefore, since the hopper 1 does not need to store waste for a long time, it is sufficient if it is large enough to temporarily store the waste, and since it is directly processed at the bottom of the hopper, it is sufficient to store the waste temporarily. There is no need for processing equipment or conveyors for transporting pre-treated materials.

(Example) Next, examples will be described.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the basic structure of the device, in which a horizontal table 2 is provided at the bottom of a hopper 1, and an outlet 3 is provided near one end of the table 2. A cutting blade 51 is provided at the opening of this outlet 3.
... is fixed to the circumferential body at intervals 5
is installed horizontally. The cutting blades 51 are fixed at intervals in a replaceable manner so that their cutting edges are parallel to the axial direction of the rotating body 5, and the waste is cut by shearing action with the fixed blade 4 as the rotating body 5 rotates. It is suitable for processing plastic and wood waste.
The fixed blade 4 is fixed to the edge of the opening of the table 2, and the fixed blade 4 is connected to the cutting blade 51...
It is placed close to the rotation locus of. A screen 52 is installed around the rotating body 5 so as to cover the majority part thereof.
is installed in a replaceable manner, and only the chip-like pulverized material below the screen size passes through and is discharged from the outlet 3. Those that do not pass through are discharged after being processed again, and the processed product is sized here. It is designed to do this.

A thick plate-shaped forced transfer member 6 is inserted from the other end of the table 2 through the side wall of the hopper 1, and the thick plate-shaped forced transfer member 6 is driven by a driving means 61 such as an air or oil cylinder or a motor outside the hopper 1. It is capable of reciprocating sliding on the table 2 along a direction orthogonal to the axis of the rotating body 5. By this reciprocating sliding, the front end of the forced transfer member 6 functions to push the waste on the table 2 toward the rotating body 5, and as a result, the waste is successively broken and crushed without any stagnation. A rubber seal member 6 is provided at the open upper end of the hopper 1 for inserting the forced transfer member 6.
2 is fixed in a skirt shape so as to come into elastic contact with the upper surface of the forced transfer member 6, thereby preventing waste from seeping out from this portion.

In addition, two rotating bodies 5 are horizontally arranged in parallel approximately in the center of the table 2, and two forced transfer members 6 are inserted from both side walls of the hopper 1 in a facing relation, so that they each have the same function. It is also possible to further increase its efficiency.

(Embodiment 1) Fig. 2 shows an embodiment according to the first invention, in which two crushing rotating bodies 5, 5' are arranged near the side wall 11 of one side of the hopper 1 in a vertically adjacent state. There is. A second fixed blade 4' is fixedly installed between the rotating bodies 5 and 5', and together with the rotational action of the second rotating body 5', the upper part of the bulky waste is simultaneously crushed and sheared. . Therefore, this prevents the waste from hitting the side wall 11 and becoming stagnant, allowing it to be disposed of very efficiently. Two sets of screens 52, 52 are replaceably mounted on the diagonally lower part of the rotating bodies 5, 5' in close proximity to them, and the screens 52, 5' are similar to the above.
Only what passes through 2 is discharged from outlet 3. Since the other configurations are the same as those described above, the same reference numerals are used in the drawings, and detailed explanation thereof will be omitted.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the second invention, in which an outlet 3 is opened approximately in the center of the table 2,
A crushing rotating body 5 similar to the above is installed horizontally in the outlet 3. A hopper 1 is mounted on the table, and the hopper 1 is capable of reciprocating and lateral movement on the hopper 1 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the rotating body 5 by means of a motor 12 and a chain 13. A strong resin with low frictional resistance is attached to the lower edge of the hopper 1, and this resin ensures the smooth lateral movement, and the adhesion with the top surface of the table 2 allows the waste to be removed from the hopper 1. Efforts are being made to prevent the leakage of

Due to the reciprocating lateral movement of the hopper 1, the waste in the hopper 1 is constantly swung from side to side and repeatedly comes into contact with the rotating body 5, so that the waste is constantly broken and crushed, and the waste is removed. Chip-like processed material is sequentially discharged from the outlet 3. in this case,
If the rotating body 5 is made to be capable of forward and reverse rotation, and if it is made to rotate forward and reverse in synchronization with the reciprocating and horizontal movement of the hopper 1 using a limit switch or the like, the reciprocating and reversing of the hopper 1 can be performed.
The above processing is possible and efficient for both backward movements. The rest of the configuration is basically the same as that shown in FIG. 1, so a detailed explanation thereof will be omitted.

(Embodiment 3) FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the second device,
Two crushing rotating bodies 5 similar to those described above are installed horizontally in parallel at the opening of the outlet 3, and both rotate in opposite directions as shown by the arrows. Therefore, since the above-mentioned processing is performed by either rotating body 5 when the hopper 1 moves forward or backward, the processing efficiency is improved. Since the other configurations are the same as those described above, detailed explanation thereof will be omitted here.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the crushing rotary bodies 5, 5' which can be adopted in any of the above cases, and hammer members 51...
... is pivotally mounted, and the purpose is to impact and crush waste by the swinging impact force of the hammer member 51 ... caused by the rotation of the rotating bodies 5, 5'. Suitable for processing.

(Effect of the invention) As mentioned above, the device of the present invention can shred or crush waste at the same time as storing it in the hopper, so the hopper must be large enough to temporarily store the waste. It is sufficient if there is no pre-treatment, and since there is no need for pre-treatment, there is no need for equipment or space for that purpose, as well as conveyors for transporting the pre-treated materials, and the whole is extremely compact, saving space and labor. According to the first invention, even bulky waste can be simultaneously crushed at both the upper and lower ends to obtain chip-like fragments of a predetermined size, which is efficient and easy to carry out. According to the second invention, even bulky waste can be more efficiently crushed into fragments of a predetermined size or smaller while being moved back and forth.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing the basic configuration of a waste crushing device, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment according to the first invention, and Fig. 3 is a similar one showing an embodiment according to the second invention. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional side view of another embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment of the rotating body employed in the above embodiment. Explanation of symbols, 1... hopper, 11... one side wall of the hopper, 2... table, 3... outlet,
4... Fixed blade, 5, 5'... Rotating body for crushing, 51
...blade-shaped member, 52 ... screen, 6 ... forced transfer member.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] 1. A hopper 1 that is large enough to store bulky waste, a table 2 disposed at the bottom of the hopper 1, and an outlet 3 provided in the table 2. , a fixed blade 4 fixed to the opening edge of the outlet 3, and a plurality of cutting or crushing blade members 51 disposed rotatably around the outlet 3 and arranged around the outlet 3.
A crushing rotating body 5 equipped with... is disposed on the table 2 so as to be able to reciprocate and slide in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the rotating body 5, and forced transfer is carried out to push the waste on the table 2 toward the rotating body 5. In the apparatus for crushing bulky waste comprising a member 6, the above-mentioned outlet 3 is opened between the table 2 and one side wall 11 of the hopper 1, and the above-mentioned outlet 3 has a second A crushing rotary body 5' is disposed diagonally upwardly and in parallel along the side wall 11, and a second fixed blade 4' is fixedly installed between the crushing rotary bodies 5, 5'. , and the rotating body 5,
Dual screen 5 in close proximity diagonally below 5'
A bulky waste crushing device characterized in that parts 2 and 52 are replaceably installed. 2. A hopper 1 that is large enough to store bulky waste, a table 2 arranged at the bottom of the hopper 1, an outlet 3 provided in the table 2, and an opening edge of the outlet 3. A fixed blade 4 is fixed to the part, and a plurality of breaking or crushing blade members 51 are arranged around the outlet 3 so as to be rotatable on an axis.
In the apparatus for crushing bulky waste, the hopper 1 is reciprocated and laterally driven on a table 2 along a direction perpendicular to the axis of the rotor 5, and the A bulky waste crushing device characterized in that a screen 52 is replaceably attached to a lower part of a body 5 in close proximity to the body 5.