JPH0512615Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] This invention relates to a monitoring device for catching abnormalities in a combustion device installed in a boiler or the like in advance.

[Prior Art] In general, most combustion devices such as boilers are equipped with means for executing a combustion control sequence in order to automatically control operation.

By the way, Figure 4 shows the control flow of the combustion control device installed in a typical boiler combustion device.As shown in this diagram, the conventional control device presses the start button of the combustion device. Then, the blower is activated and pre-purging of the combustion material is started. When the pre-purge is completed, the spark plug is first energized and the ignition operation begins.

At the same time, the pilot valve that supplies fuel to the pilot burner is energized and opens to ignite the pilot burner. When the pilot burner is ignited,
The main fuel cutoff valve of the main burner opens and the main burner is ignited by the pilot burner. That is, normal operation is started only when a flame is detected and confirmed by the flame detector between the ignition of the pilot burner and the ignition of the main burner.

Note that when the stop button of the combustion device is pressed, the main fuel cutoff valve is closed, a post-purging inside the combustion chamber is performed, and the operation of the combustion device is stopped when the purge is completed.

As described above, the conventional combustion apparatus incorporates a combustion control device that sequentially controls the series of operations described above.

[The problem that the idea aims to solve]

By the way, in conventional combustion control devices, the ignition plug is operated by operating the start button, and the process from ignition of the pilot burner to ignition of the main burner is performed.
That is, the so-called ignition time (t) required from the start of the ignition operation to the ignition of the main burner is set in advance based on experience or to ensure safety.

Therefore, if the flame detector does not detect a flame within the set time, that is, if the main burner is not ignited for some reason (unignited), the ignition plug, pilot valve, main fuel The isolation valve is shut off. At that point, the control system stops operating. Nothing has been proposed that has a function of predicting abnormalities in a combustion device in advance under predetermined conditions.

As is well known, in the case of thermal equipment such as boilers whose mission is to supply a certain amount of hot water or steam, it is important to predict abnormalities in the combustion equipment that plays a major role in advance and take appropriate measures. From the perspective of the role and mission, it brings extremely important benefits. This is because if an abnormality occurs in the combustion device, the supply of hot water or steam may be stopped at the time the abnormality occurs, or the entire device may be fatally destroyed.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a monitoring device that can predict in advance abnormalities in combustion equipment that can cause such fatal effects and ensure that the equipment fulfills its original role and mission.

In addition, the abnormality of the combustion device in this invention is
This does not simply mean non-ignition, but also dirt on the burner nozzle or burner plate, such as dirt due to the adhesion of soot and unburned substances, and a decrease in combustion performance, that is, an imbalance between the amount of air and the amount of fuel supplied, or an excessive amount of air. Indicates a state in which the burner does not ignite even after a predetermined period of time has elapsed, or a state in which ignition is delayed due to so-called time-related factors such as a shortage or an abnormality in the ignition device, such as a drop in the output voltage of the ignition transformer or an abnormality in the ignition plug.

[Means to solve the problem]

As a means to achieve the above object, the monitoring device according to the present invention is incorporated into a combustion device and includes a combustion control means equipped with a flame detector, and a discriminating means connected to the combustion control means and having the following configuration. It is composed of

The determining means includes a response time measuring unit that inputs the time from when the operation command is output to the combustion device until the flame detection response is returned, and measures the response waiting time;
An abnormality prediction and detection unit performs abnormality prediction and detection by comparing input from the response time measurement unit with preset response waiting time diagnostic parameters (limit settings, rate of change values, etc.); and an abnormality prediction and detection unit. and an alarm display section which inputs the output of and displays an alarm.

[Effect]

In this invention, as described above, from the time when the operation command is output to the combustion device, that is, from the time when the combustion device is started, the pre-purge is completed, and the burner ignition operation is started, until the flame is detected. It is possible to predict and detect abnormalities by measuring the time required (response waiting time) and comparing the response waiting time with a preset response waiting time limit value. At that point, you can carry out maintenance and inspection of the combustion equipment with plenty of time to spare.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the configuration of this invention will be specifically explained based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which a monitoring device according to the present invention is incorporated into a combustion device of a boiler, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a discriminating means constituting the main part thereof.

First, in FIG. 1, 1 is a combustion chamber, 2 is a main burner installed in this combustion chamber 1, and 3 is a pilot burner for igniting the main burner 2.

Furthermore, 2a is a main fuel cutoff valve for the main burner 2, which is constituted by a solenoid valve. 3a
A pilot valve of the pilot burner 3 is constituted by a solenoid valve similar to the main fuel cutoff valve 2a. Note that 3b is an ignition transformer for the pilot burner 3, and 3c is an ignition electrode that functions as a spark plug.

Next, 4 is a flame detector that detects the ignition status of the main burner 2. In this embodiment, an optical flame detector consisting of a common ultraviolet phototube is used, but the present invention is not limited to this.

Further, 5 is a blower for pre-purging and post-purging the combustion chamber 1 and supplying combustion air, and 5a is a damper for adjusting the amount of air. Note that this damper 5a is connected to a control valve 2 provided in a fuel supply pipe 2b connected to the main fuel cutoff valve 2a.
c, the pressure inside the combustion chamber 1 is controlled.

A is the combustion control means mentioned above. Needless to explain, this is because the flame detector 4 is the main part, and the combustion equipment is sequentially controlled based on information from the water level gauge 6a of the boiler drum 6, the pressure measuring device 6b, the blower 5, etc. This is the device.

B is a flame detector 4 in the combustion control means A;
This is a determination means built into a so-called monitoring device for monitoring the operating status of control equipment based on information from the system, and predicting and determining equipment abnormalities in advance based on the monitoring data.

In this embodiment, the discriminating means B is constructed as shown in FIG.

That is, a response time trend processor 21 of the flame detector 4 in the combustion control means A;
An abnormality prediction/detection processor 31 and an alarm/display processor 4 that warns and displays an abnormality based on information from the abnormality prediction/detection processor 31.
1.

and the response time trend processor 21
is the CPU 22 and the processor of this CPU 22.
It is composed of a memory 24 connected to the bus 23, a trend display information transmitter 25, a response time measurement timer 26, a response time trend memory 27, and a state transition timing receiver 28.

Note that the state transition timing receiver 28 inputs the state transition signal from the combustion control means A, and the response time measurement timer 26 measures the time every time the state transition signal is input to the state transition timing receiver 28. The count value is stored in the response time trend memory 27, and new data is added sequentially.

Further, the trend display information transmitter 25 is configured to output data in the response time trend memory 27 to a trend display information receiver 44 of the alarm/display processor 41, which will be described later. All operations of the respective parts are controlled by a CPU 22 equipped with the memory 24.

Next, the abnormality prediction processor 31 includes a memory 34 connected to the processor bus 33 of the CPU 22;
It is comprised of a prediction/detection information transmitter 35 and a diagnostic parameter storage memory 36.

The processor bus 33 is connected to the output of the response time trend memory 27, and is supplied with response time count value data for each state. Further, the diagnostic parameter storage memory 36 contains diagnostic parameters such as a preset limit waiting time and a rate of change value.

In the embodiment, a limit waiting time of the ignition time required from the start of the ignition operation for the pilot burner 3 to the ignition of the main burner 2 is included. Then, the data input from the processor bus 33 is
It is processed by the CPU 32, and the processing results are output from the prediction/detection information transmitter 35 to an alarm/display processor 41, which will be described next.

The alarm/display processor 41 is the CPU 42
A trend display information receiver 44, a memory 45, a display
It is composed of a controller 46, an alarm transmitter 47, and a prediction/detection information receiver 48.

The trend display information receiver 44 outputs the data from the trend display alarm receiver 25 in the response time trend processor 21 to the processor bus 43, and the prediction/detection information receiver 48 outputs the data from the trend display/alarm receiver 25 in the response time trend processor 21. It is configured to output data from the prediction/detection information transmitter 35 in the processor 31 to the processor bus 43.

In addition, the display controller 46 includes
A CRT46a is provided, and a processor bus 43
It can be used as an interface to display the data provided on the top.

Note that 47a is a buzzer of the alarm transmitter 47, which is connected to the processor bus 4 by the prediction/detection information receiver 48.
It is designed so that an alarm can be issued based on the data input in 3.

Since the discriminating means B according to this invention is configured as described above, the time until ignition measured by the flame detector 4 is stored as measurement data, and this measurement data and the abnormality prediction/detection processor are used in advance. 31 and the limit setting waiting time stored in the diagnostic storage memory 36, and the comparison value is confirmed as the ignition delay time.

FIG. 3 shows actual measured data for each month when the ignition delay limit setting waiting time is 1 second and the normal ignition delay time is 0.2 seconds.

As can be understood from this figure, the set limit waiting time has not been reached for the first 5 months of measurement, but based on the upward trend, it is predicted that the set limit will be reached by the 6th month. Ru. That is,
At this time, dirt from soot and unburned substances accumulates on the burner and other parts of the combustion chamber, causing a delay in ignition of the main burner, and it is predicted that an abnormality of non-ignition will occur in the near future. It is something. Therefore, for example, a limit setting value for abnormality prediction (for example, 0.8 seconds) is provided in addition to the limit setting value,
If the measured response latency reaches this value,
Continuous operation with peace of mind can be achieved by notifying that a failure is imminent, selecting an appropriate time that will not interfere with business operations, and performing inspection and maintenance of the combustion equipment in advance.

In addition, in the monitoring device according to this invention, for the ignition delay of the main burner, the response time from when the valve opening signal is issued to the main fuel cutoff valve until the flame is detected may be measured, or the response time of the main burner may be measured. It can be used to detect not only the ignition delay of the pilot burner but also the ignition delay of the pilot burner and monitor abnormalities of the pilot burner. Furthermore, it can also be applied to a type of combustion device that does not have a pilot burner and ignites the main burner directly with an ignition electrode.

Furthermore, in this invention, abnormality prediction was detected by targeting delayed ignition of combustion equipment, but by detecting the operation delay time of each control state, it was possible to control It is also possible to predict in advance deterioration or abnormalities in the equipment that makes up the system.

[Effect of idea]

Abnormalities in combustion equipment can be predicted in advance, which is extremely useful, especially for thermal equipment such as boilers that require continuous stable operation.

In addition, if the combustion control means is configured to be able to detect the operating time of devices other than the flame detector, it is possible to prevent functional deterioration of the combustion device as a whole due to deterioration of the devices. It is possible.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment in which a monitoring device according to the present invention is incorporated into a boiler combustion device, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a discriminating means which is a main part of the monitoring device. FIG. 3 is a graph of abnormality prediction based on a comparison between the measured value of the ignition delay time and a preset limit value. Note that FIG. 4 shows the control flow of the combustion device in the boiler. 1... Combustion chamber, 2... Main burner, 3... Pilot burner, 4... Flame detector, 5... Blower,
6... Boiler drum, A... Combustion control means, B...
...Discrimination means, 21...Response time trend processor (response time measurement unit), 22...CPU, 23...
...Processor bus, 24...Memory, 25...
Trend display information transmitter, 26...Response time measurement timer, 27...Response time trend memory, 2
8... State transition timing receiver, 31...
Abnormality prediction processor (abnormality prediction detection unit), 32...
...CPU, 33...Processor bus, 34...
Memory, 35... Prediction/detection information transmitter, 36...
...Diagnostic parameter storage memory, 41... Alarm/display processor (alarm display section), 42...
...CPU, 43...Processor bus, 44...
Trend display information receiver, 45...Memory, 46
. . . Display controller, 47 . . . Alarm transmitter, 48 . . . Predictive detection information receiver.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] Consisting of a combustion control means A for controlling a combustion device, and a discrimination means B connected to the combustion control means A, the combustion control means A is equipped with a flame detector 4. In the monitoring device, the determination means B includes a response time measurement unit 21 that inputs the time from the time when the operation command is output to the combustion device until the response of flame detection is returned, and measures the response waiting time; An abnormality prediction and detection unit 3 that performs abnormality prediction and detection by comparing and calculating the input from the response time measurement unit 21 with a preset response waiting time diagnostic parameter.
1; and an alarm display section 41 that inputs the output from the abnormality prediction detection section 31 and displays an alarm.