JPH05108064A - Musical sound controller - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reflect a difference in playing operation on timbre, etc., by detecting the timing of sound generation from the quantity of displacement of part of a human body from a specific position, and detecting the maximum speed of the displacement and controlling musical sound elements. CONSTITUTION:Bending sensors 10 of gloves 1 and 2 for performance are supplied with specific currents from an A/D converter 3 and the gloves 1 and 2 for performance outputs voltage values corresponding to the resistance values of the bending sensors 10 as signals corresponding to the bending quantities of the respective fingers. The signals corresponding to the bending quantities are converted by the A/D converter 3 into digital data, which are inputted to a control part 4. Namely, the signal from the bending sensor 10 of the performance glove 2 for the right hand is converted by the A/D converter 3 into the digital data, which are processed by the control part 4. Namely, the maximum speed of the bending of the fingers is detected according to the bending digital data indicating the bending quantities of the fingers and the maximum speed is used as a velocity value to vary a sound. The difference in finger bending operation can, therefore, be reflected on control over the timbre.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a musical tone control device for detecting the movement of a player's body to control musical tone generation and musical tone elements.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as this kind of musical tone control device, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 2-273791 and 2-273.
The one shown in Japanese Patent No. 792 is known. These musical sound control devices are, for example, those that detect the movement of a finger and control the generation of musical sounds, and the time required to bend a predetermined amount during the bending operation of the finger or the bending displacement within the predetermined time. A musical tone element such as a tone color is controlled based on the amount corresponding to the speed of the finger.

[0003]

By the way, when a musical tone control device of this kind is used to perform a musical performance, the movements of the fingers and the like are various. For example, even if the average speed of the musical performance operation is the same, a strong and fast operation is performed. And quick operation with less power,
There are operations that slowly release the force, and operations that apply force slowly but at the moment when the sound is produced.

However, in the above conventional apparatus,
The speed measured by the time required to bend a predetermined amount is the speed at a predetermined bending position, and the speed measured by the amount of bending displacement within the predetermined time is within the predetermined time. Is the average speed of. For this reason, in the conventional device, it is not possible to distinguish the various characteristics of the finger movements as described above, and it is not possible to properly reflect the difference in the performance operation in the control of the musical tone element such as the timbre.

Incidentally, such a problem occurs not only in the operation of the finger but also in the case of controlling the musical sound by detecting the movement of the body such as the player's arm.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a musical tone control device for detecting a movement of a player's body to control a musical tone so that a difference in musical performance can be well reflected in controlling a musical tone element such as a tone color. And

[0007]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The tone control device of the present invention, which has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, comprises a displacement detecting means for detecting a displacement amount of a part of a human body from a predetermined position, and the displacement. Speed detection means for detecting the speed at which a part of the body is displaced based on the displacement amount detected by the detection means, and sounding timing detection for detecting the timing of sound generation based on the displacement amount detected by the displacement detection means Means, a maximum speed detecting means for detecting a maximum speed from the speeds detected by the speed detecting means in a predetermined period until the sounding timing is detected by the sounding timing detecting means, and the sounding timing detecting means. Control means for instructing sounding at different timings and controlling the musical tone element of the musical sound to be generated based on the maximum speed detected by the maximum speed detecting means. Characterized in that it obtain.

[0008]

In the tone control device of the present invention, the displacement detecting means detects the displacement amount of a part of the human body from the predetermined position such as the bending amount of the fingers of the hand, and the speed detecting means detects the displacement amount based on the displacement amount. The speed at which a part of the body is displaced is detected, and the sounding timing detecting means detects the sounding timing. On the other hand, the maximum speed detecting means detects the maximum speed from the speeds detected by the speed detecting means during a predetermined period until the timing of the sound generation is detected. Then, the control means instructs the sound generation at the timing detected by the sound generation timing detection means,
Based on the maximum velocity detected by the maximum velocity detecting means, the musical tone element of the generated musical tone is controlled.

Here, for example, even if the average speed of the performance operation is the same and the method of applying the force is different, when the performance operation is performed with a great deal of force, the variation in speed magnitude between the instantaneous speeds becomes large. , The maximum speed is also large. Therefore, if the musical tone elements are controlled on the basis of the maximum speed, the musical tone elements can be controlled to be different according to such a difference in performance operation.

[0010]

1 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument to which a musical tone control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. The electronic musical instrument includes left and right playing gloves 1 and 2 worn by a player.
A bending sensor 10 for detecting the bending amount of each finger of the player's hand is attached to the playing gloves 1 and 2, and the player wearing the playing gloves 1 and 2 puts his or her finger on the piano, for example, to play a piano. When moved, the on / off state of each finger is detected according to the bending and extending of the finger.

When the finger of the right hand is turned on, sound is produced at the pitch currently set for that finger, and the tone color is set / switched and the sound of the right finger is pronounced in accordance with the combination of the on / off states of the finger of the left hand. Control such as setting / switching of the tone range (note chord region) is performed. It should be noted that such control of setting and switching of the sounding tone range is proposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2-319584.

FIG. 2 is a view showing the playing gloves 1 and 2, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the finger portions of the playing gloves 1 and 2. It is in the shape of a thin bag, and the bending sensor 10 is arranged therein for each finger.

The bending sensor 10 is similar to the bending angle detector proposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2-83704, and as shown in FIG. 4, both sides of the substrate 10a made of a flexible resin member are marked with " U-shaped resistors 10b and 10c
A resistor 10 is attached according to the bending and stretching of the finger.
b and 10c expand and contract to change the resistance value of the resistors 10b and 10c. And
The resistance values of the resistors 10b and 10c are detected as an electric signal via the lead wire 10d.

In this embodiment, the thumb, the index finger, the middle finger, the ring finger and the little finger of the playing glove 1 for the left hand are "1", "3", "5", "7" and "9" in that order. Correspond to an odd number, "0", for the thumb, index finger, middle finger, ring finger and little finger of the playing glove 2 of the right hand, in order.
Even-numbered finger numbers "2", "4", "6", and "8" are associated with each other, and registers and data corresponding to each finger are distinguished by this finger number in a control operation described later.

In FIG. 1, a predetermined current is supplied from the A / D converter 3 to each bending sensor 10 of the playing gloves 1 and 2, and the playing gloves 1 and 2 respond to the resistance value of each bending sensor 10. The voltage value is output as a signal corresponding to the bending amount of each finger. The signal corresponding to this bending amount is the A / D converter 3
Is converted into digital data and input to the control unit 4.

The control unit 4 has data according to the bending amount from the A / D converter 3 (hereinafter referred to as bending data).
On / off of each finger is determined based on. Then, by the event of turning on the right hand finger, the velocity value that controls the tone color of the musical tone is obtained based on the current bending data, and the velocity signal indicating this velocity value and the note code and the note code currently set for the finger that has the event A note-on signal for instructing sounding is output to the tone generator circuit 5.

Depending on the combination of the ON / OFF states of the left hand finger, the tone color data is output to the tone generator circuit 5 when the tone color is changed, and the right hand finger is changed when the tone range of the right finger is changed. Change the set note code value.

The tone generator circuit 5 forms a musical tone signal based on each signal given from the control unit 4 to generate a sound system 6.
Generate a musical sound. The tone generator circuit 5 of this embodiment is constructed so as to be naturally attenuated in accordance with the envelope of the musical tone signal set in accordance with the tone color or the like.

A switch group 7 for setting functions and a display 8 for displaying various setting states are connected to the control section 4, and the A / D converter 3, the control section 4, and the switch group are connected. The display 7 and the display 8 are incorporated into a belt or the like (not shown) that the player can wear on his waist.

Here, the control unit 4 controls the right finger as follows.
An on event is determined by detecting the stop of the finger in the direction in which the bending data increases (the direction in which the finger is bent). As a result, a sounding timing suitable for the performance operation of the performer can be obtained. For the left hand finger, ON / OFF is determined depending on whether the bending data exceeds or does not exceed a preset threshold value.

Further, in this embodiment, in order to calculate the velocity value, a function table f1 having a bending data as an argument and a function table f2 having a finger speed as an argument are used. Then, the value of the function f1 based on the current bending data of the finger having the on event (stop detection) and the value of the function f2 based on the maximum value of the bending speed of the finger are combined,
This composite value is used as the velocity value.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the control unit 4. The control unit 4 is composed of a microcomputer, etc.
A program memory (ROM) 43, a working memory (RAM) 44, and various interface circuits 45 are connected to the U 41 via a bidirectional bus 42. The bending data from the A / D converter 3 is transferred to the interface circuit 45. It is taken into the CPU 41 via.

The program memory 43 is stored in FIG. 6 and FIG.
Data such as the control program and the function tables f1 and f2 whose flowcharts are shown in FIG.
Performs control while using various registers set in the working memory 44 based on the control program of the program memory 43.

In the following description and flowchart, each register is represented by the following label, and each register name and their contents are represented by the same label unless otherwise specified. new (i): register for temporarily storing bending data of finger number i spd: register for storing maximum speed when the finger is bent max: register for storing finger number of note-on candidate finger vel: for storing velocity value Register

FIG. 6 shows the main routine of the control program,
FIG. 7 shows a subroutine. When the control unit 4 is powered on, the CPU 41 starts the processing of the main routine shown in FIG. 6, performs initial settings such as setup of each register in step S1, and performs the performance in step S2. The right hand detection process of FIG. 7 is performed based on the bending data of the glove 2 to control the tone generation.

Next, in the left-hand detection processing of step S3, ON / OFF of the finger of the left hand is detected to perform switching control of the tone color and sounding range, and other processing is performed in step S4 to perform processing from step S2. repeat. In addition, in the other processing of step S4, processing relating to the function setting according to the operation of the switch group 7 and the display on the display 8 is performed. The processing of this main routine is repeated every few msec.

In the right hand detection processing S2 of FIG. 7, step S
The bending data of each finger of the playing glove 2 is fetched at 21 and stored in the registers new (i) corresponding to the finger numbers i (i = 0, 2, 4, 6, 8), and step S2
In step 2, the finger number of the finger that has become the pronunciation candidate based on the bending data new (i) is stored in the register max. The finger number of the pronunciation candidate is, for example, the bending data new (i).
Can be obtained under preset conditions, such as finding the finger number of the deepest bent finger by comparing

When the finger number of the pronunciation candidate is stored in the register max, in step S23, the maximum value of the bending speed of the finger up to the present is obtained based on the bending data new (max) of the finger of the finger number "max". Store in register spd. The maximum value of this speed can be obtained as follows, for example. First, hold the bending data captured in step S21 in a ring buffer or the like for each finger,
The difference in bending data between predetermined samples is obtained as velocity data. A positive difference is compared with the value in the register spd, the larger one is stored in the register spd as the current maximum value, and the same process is repeated. As a result, the value of the register spd is updated with the value of the maximum speed up to that point. When the finger number of the pronunciation candidate is replaced, the register spd is reset to "0".

Next, in step S24, it is determined whether or not a positive stop event (stop of the finger from the bent state) has been detected for the finger indicated by the finger number max. If no positive stop event is detected, the main routine is executed. Returned to
When the stop event for the finger corresponding to the finger number max is detected, the velocity value vel is obtained from the following equation (1) and written in the register vel in step S25. vel = f1 (new (max)) + f2 (spd) (1)

When the velocity value vel is obtained as described above, the register spd is reset to "0", and in step S26, the note code corresponding to the finger indicated by max, the note-on signal, and the velocity value vel are set to the tone generator circuit 5. To the main routine. The tone generator circuit 5 generates a tone waveform having a tone color corresponding to the velocity value vel.

With the above processing, in this embodiment, the timing of sound generation is detected by detecting the stop of the bending operation, and the tone color of the musical sound to be generated is controlled based on the maximum speed and the bending depth up to that point.

Here, in general, when a loud sound is to be produced, the operation is increased, and when a small sound is produced, the operation is usually reduced. Also, in musical instruments, the difference in the volume also becomes the difference in the timbre. Therefore, changing the timbre according to the depth of bending of the finger as in the above embodiment is effective in generating a musical tone suitable for a performance operation.

Although the velocity value is calculated in consideration of the bending depth in the above embodiment, only the maximum speed of the finger bending action may be used as the velocity value.

In the above-described embodiment, for example, the deepest bent finger is used as a sounding candidate to generate a sound by detecting a stop event of this finger, but the right hand detection processing S2 of the above embodiment is performed as shown in FIG. Instead of the right hand detection process S5, the maximum speed when the bending data is within a preset fixed range may be detected, and sound may be generated when the finger is bent to exceed the range. Further, in this embodiment, the data of the maximum velocity is used as the velocity value so that each finger can be sounded.

That is, in the right hand detection processing S5 of FIG. 8, bending data is fetched for each finger of the playing glove 2 in step S51 and stored in the register new (i), and the index indicating the finger number is reset in step S52. To do. Then, by the determination in step S59 and the increment of "2" of the finger number i in step S501, the predetermined processing from step S53 to step S58 is repeated for each finger of the right hand, and when the processing for each finger of the right hand is completed, The process returns from S59 to the main routine.

In step S53, it is determined whether the current finger music data new (i) exceeds a preset threshold value L1. If not, the register spd (i) is set to "0" in step S54. Reset and step S59
Proceed to. If the current finger bending data new (i) exceeds the threshold value L1, the maximum bending speed of the finger based on the finger bending data new (i) up to the present time (maximum speed).
Is stored in the register spd (i) in step S5.
Proceed to 6.

In the process of step S55, the difference data between the predetermined samples is obtained from the bending data sequentially fetched for each finger, and the maximum value of the difference data up to the present is registered in the same manner as in step S23 of the above embodiment. sp
The maximum speed can be obtained by storing it in d.

In step S56, the current finger music data new (i) is set to a preset threshold value L2 (L2> L).
It is determined whether or not an event exceeding 1) is detected, and if this event is not detected, the process proceeds to step S59.
The event of exceeding the threshold L2 means that the previous bending data is equal to or less than the threshold L2 and the current bending data is equal to the threshold L2.
It is when it exceeds 2.

If an event exceeding the threshold value L2 is detected in step S56, step S57.
Then, the note code corresponding to the finger indicated by the current finger number i, the note-on signal, and the velocity value spd (i) are sent to the tone generator circuit 5, and the register spd is registered in step S58.
(I) is reset to "0" and the process proceeds to step S59.

With the above processing, in this embodiment, the timing of sound generation is detected by the event exceeding the threshold L2, and the tone color of the musical sound to be generated is controlled based on the maximum speed between the threshold L1 and the threshold L2. It

Here, if the musical tone is controlled by the maximum speed as shown in each of the above-described embodiments, the bending sensor 10 causes a temperature drift of bending data, a deviation between the bending sensor 10 and the surface of the finger, and the like. Even if the drift of the bending data occurs, there is an effect that it is less likely to be affected by these drifts.

In the motion of a part of the body such as a finger or arm, the speed at the time of starting and stopping the motion becomes slower than that during the motion. For example, the relationship between the elapsed time during the bending motion of the finger and the bending data. Has a non-linear relationship as shown by the curve A in FIG. 9, for example. Here, when the bending data drift occurs, even if the same bending operation as normal is performed,
For example, the bending data in the normal state as shown by the curve B in the figure is shifted by the drift amount.

For this reason, when the speed is detected from the time required to bend a predetermined amount at a predetermined bending position as in the conventional device, the normal bending is performed despite the same bending operation. The detected speed is different between when the drift occurs and when the drift occurs.

For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the first value M1 and the second value M2 of the bending data are values preset in the device. However, the predetermined values can be set by the first and second values. The time when the finger is bent is Δt in the normal state and Δt ′ in the case of drift, and the influence of the drift is Δt.
And Δt 'cause a time difference, and the detected speeds are different. Even when the velocity is detected based on the amount of bending displacement (bending data) within a predetermined time, the velocity at which the drift is detected affects the velocity similarly to the above.

However, if the maximum velocity is detected as in the above embodiment, even if the bending data is shifted by the drift, the maximum velocity (maximum slope of the curve) is constant for the same bending operation, so that the drift Does not appear.

For example, as shown in FIG. 10, when the maximum speed is detected from the time required to bend a predetermined minute displacement amount between the predetermined first bending amount N1 and the second bending amount N2. The maximum speed can be obtained from the minimum time interval Δt3 when normal, and the minimum time interval Δt2 ′ when there is drift.
Maximum speed is obtained from. Then, since Δt3≈Δt2 ′, the influence of the drift is substantially eliminated.

Further, when the maximum velocity is detected from the difference of the bending data between the predetermined samples as in the above embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG.
4, the maximum speed is obtained, and when there is a drift, the maximum speed is obtained from the maximum difference Δs4 ′. And Δs4≈
Since Δs4 ′, the influence of drift is virtually eliminated.

The influence of the drift can be similarly reduced by controlling the musical tone element by detecting the maximum acceleration or the average acceleration instead of the maximum velocity.

Also, in order to make it less susceptible to sudden signal fluctuations due to noise, instead of the maximum speed,
The second and subsequent speeds close to the maximum speed may be used for control, or some speed values may be averaged and used for control.

In each of the above embodiments, the musical tone is controlled by the bending condition of the finger of the right hand, but the part of the body to which the present invention is applied is not limited to the finger of the hand. For example, a sensor that detects the bending angle of the elbow joint is used for the elbow of the arm, or a sensor that detects the distance between the shoulder and the hand is used to control the musical sound according to the bending condition of the arm (extension of the elbow). You may do it. It goes without saying that the present invention can be applied to any portion that can detect the amount of movement as described above.

[0051]

As described above, according to the musical tone control apparatus of the present invention, the displacement amount of a part of the human body from the predetermined position is detected, and the timing of sound generation is detected from the displacement amount. The maximum speed at which a part of the body is displaced during the predetermined period until the timing of sound generation is detected is detected, and the musical sound element of the musical sound to be generated is controlled based on this maximum speed. It will be reflected well in the control of musical tone elements such as tones.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument to which a musical sound control device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a performance glove according to an embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a finger portion of the playing glove according to the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a bending sensor in an example.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a control unit in the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a main routine in the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a right hand detection process according to the embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a right hand detection process according to another embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of drift of bending data in the bending sensor according to the example.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating that the maximum velocity according to the embodiment is not affected by drift when it is detected from the time required to bend a minute displacement amount.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating that the maximum velocity according to the embodiment is not affected by drift when it is detected from the difference between bending data for a predetermined time. 1 ... left hand playing gloves, 2 ... right hand playing gloves, 4 ... control unit, 10 ... bending sensor.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A displacement detecting means for detecting an amount of displacement of a part of a human body from a predetermined position, and a speed of displacement of the part of the body based on the amount of displacement detected by the displacement detecting means. Speed detecting means, a sounding timing detecting means for detecting sounding timing based on the displacement amount detected by the displacement detecting means, and a predetermined period until the sounding timing is detected by the sounding timing detecting means. A maximum speed detecting means for detecting the maximum speed from the speeds detected by the speed detecting means, and a sounding instruction at the timing detected by the sounding timing detecting means, and based on the maximum speed detected by the maximum speed detecting means. And a control means for controlling the musical tone element of the generated musical tone.