JPH02273791A - Musical sound controller - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable more delicate play representation by an initial touch by monitoring the operation of part of a human body and measuring the time of movement between two specific positions, and reflecting the measured time as the operating speed of the part of the human body and controlling musical sound. CONSTITUTION:An operation detecting means detects the operation of part of the human body and outputs a detection signal indicating its operation quantity and a time measuring means measures the time required by the quantity of operation, represented with the detection signal, to vary from a 1st specific value to a 2nd value different from the 1st value. Then the operating speed of the physical body is detected from the quantity and time of the operation to control musical sound elements. Consequently, the musical sound elements can be controlled by detecting an initial touch and more delicate play representation by a player can be handled.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention detects the body movements of a performer and generates musical sound elements.
11# relates to a musical tone control device.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, this type of device has been disclosed, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-1277.
As shown in Publication No. 73, the amount of bending or twisting (rotation) of a joint can be measured using a distance measuring device consisting of a potentiometer, a rotary encoder, a piezoelectric element using ultrasonic waves, or a pressure-sensitive element installed at the fingertip inside the glove. The musical tone elements are controlled based on the detected bending angle and rotation angle.

This made it possible to control musical sound elements by bending and rotating the joints of the body while dancing or performing rhythmic gymnastics.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Incidentally, in electronic musical instruments such as electronic organs and synthesizers, musical tone elements are controlled by aftertouch (aftertouch response) and initial touch (initial touch response). Here, what is aftertouch?
This is a position control element such as the depth (W) of key depression and pressure when pressing a key on a keyboard, and the initial touch is a control element of the speed of key depression, that is, the speed.

However, in the above-mentioned conventional musical tone control device, musical tone elements are controlled based on the angle of bending or rotation of a joint, etc., so the control is limited to so-called aftertouch, and musical tone elements are controlled by initial touch. I couldn't.

For this reason, it has not been possible to reflect the more subtle performance expressions of the performer in the musical tone.

The present invention has been made to address the above problems, and
In order to control the musical tone by detecting the performer's body movements, we have developed a musical tone control device that can detect the initial touch and control the musical tone elements, and can respond to the performer's more subtle musical expressions. The purpose is to provide.

[Means for Solving the Problem] In order to achieve the above object, the structural features of the present invention are as follows:
a motion detecting means for detecting a motion of a part of a human body and outputting a detection signal representing the amount of the motion; The object of the present invention is to include a time measuring means for measuring the time taken for the value to change from the first value to the second value different from the first value.

[Operation] In the present invention configured as described above, the motion detecting means detects the motion of a part of the human body and outputs a detection signal representing the amount of the motion, and the one hour measuring means detects the motion of a part of the human body and outputs a detection signal representing the amount of the motion. Since the time required for the amount of movement to change from a predetermined first value to a second value different from the first value is measured, the speed of the body's movement can be detected from the amount and time of the movement. ,
It becomes possible to control musical tone elements by a so-called initial touch.

[Effects of the Invention] As can be understood from the above description of the operation, according to the present invention, the movement of a part of the human body is monitored, the time it takes to move between three predetermined positions is measured, and the The measured time is reflected as the movement speed of a part of the human body. Therefore, it becomes possible to control the musical tone by using the initial touch, and the performer can express the performance more precisely by using the initial touch.

Furthermore, by simply making the motion detection means common to conventional musical tone control devices having similar motion detection means and importing the detection results, a new function for controlling musical tone elements by initial touch can be added. becomes possible. Therefore, it can be applied to conventional devices with only slight changes.

[Example] Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a musical tone control device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a movable member used when detecting the amount of finger bending in this musical tone control device. ing.

In this embodiment, the sensor 1o has a movable member attached along the finger, and the palm and finger base are formed by two straight lines: a straight line connecting the roots, and a finger base, a straight line connecting the root and the fingertip. The angle is the amount of bending of the finger.

That is, this angle is detected and converted into an electrical quantity, and the A/D conversion circuit 11 converts the angle into an analog signal representing the amount of bending of the finger.
It is output to.

As shown in FIG. 2, the more specific structure of the movable member of the sensor 10 includes a base 30 disposed inside the double-layered glove 20 along the palm of the hand, and a base 30 at one end.
The connecting portion 40 is fixed to the connecting portion 40, and the rotating portion 5o is rotatably supported in the lateral direction at the other end of the connecting portion 40 and is provided along each finger. Further, in detail, the connecting portion 4o has a so-called hinged 4iI structure in which rotating members 41 and 42 are connected via a through shaft 43. Furthermore, a variable resistor using a rotating sliding member is provided between the rotating members 41 and 42, and the resistance value indicated by the variable resistor is detected via the lead wires 4.4a-e. , the relative angle between the rotating members 41 and 42 can be detected.

With this configuration, the rotating portion 50 connects to the connecting portion 4o.
It is rotatable with respect to the base 30 about the fulcrum, and the angle of rotation can be detected by a variable resistor. Of course, the rotating member 50 rotates following the bending of the finger.

Therefore, in each sensor 10, current is supplied to the variable resistor via the lead wire 44, and the voltage drop that occurs at this time is used as a detection signal. Note that this movable member can accommodate up to five sensors 10. Further, the output of each sensor 10 is proportional to the amount of bending of the finger.

Now, the analog signal detection signal output from the sensor 10 is input to the A/D conversion circuit 11, and the A/D conversion circuit 11 outputs a digital signal detection signal obtained by A/D converting this detection signal. ing. Then, the detection signal of the digital signal output from the A/D conversion circuit 11 is the first one.
and is input to one input terminal of the second comparators 12a, 12b. On the other hand, the other input terminals of the comparators 11 and 12 a and 12 b receive two reference signals Al output from the reference signal generation circuit 13 .

A2 is input respectively. The first and second comparators 12a and 12b each receive a detection signal output from the A/D conversion circuit 11 and a reference signal generation circuit 1.
Compare the reference signals Al and A2 output from A/3 and
When it is determined that the detection signal of the D conversion circuit 11 is large, first and second determination signals are output, respectively.

By the way, the reference signal Al serves as the reference value at this time.

A2 is set in the reference signal generation circuit 13 to have different values. Moreover, the value is a binary value corresponding to a detection signal output from the sensor 10 according to the slight bending amount at the beginning of bending the finger, that is, a certain small binary value within the range indicated by this detection signal. . Therefore, the first and second comparators 12a and 12b output a detection signal representing the amount of finger bending and two reference signals At.
, A2 means that the bending state of the finger is determined based on the two positions at which the finger starts bending. In this case, the reference signal A1 is the reference signal A2
Since it is set smaller, the detection signal is the reference signal A.
A state in which the value does not exceed 1 (this is called the first stage).

), the detection signal is larger than the reference signal A1 and the reference signal A2
smaller shape fm (this will be referred to as the second stage).

), and a state where the signal is larger than the reference signal A2 (this will be referred to as the third stage), which can be determined as three position states: 1st to ti3 stages.

The 1!1 and II2 judgment signals output from the first and second comparators 12a and 12b are output from the first and second Funshot circuits (monostable multivibrator), respectively.
14a, 14b, and each one-shot circuit 14a, 14b detects the rising timing of the first and second determination signals.

The output signal of the first one-shot circuit 14a among these one-shot circuits is inputted as a reset input of the counter 15, and on the other hand, the clock pulse φ is input to the count input of the counter 15. Therefore, the counter 15 counts clock pulses during one normal operation, and resets the count when the first shot circuit 14a detects the rising edge of the Wil determination signal.

The count output of this counter 15 is input as a data input to a register 16, and this register 16
An output signal from the second load shot circuit 14b of the load shot circuits is inputted to the load terminal (LD) of the load terminal (LD). Therefore, the count data of the counter 15 that is constantly changing according to the clock pulse φ is input to the register 16, but the register 16 is inputted to the register 16 at the time when the rise of the second determination signal is detected in the second one-shot circuit 14b. Only count data will be retained.

The data held in the register 16 is input to the conversion circuit 17 and is converted into 1. After being converted into a predetermined value according to the conversion table inside the conversion circuit 17, it is output to the tone generator 18 as an initial touch response signal (hereinafter referred to as an ITR signal). Note that this conversion is caused by the input characteristics of the tone generator 18, and details will be described later.

The tone generator 18 to which the ITR signal is input is a circuit that forms and outputs a musical tone signal, and in addition to the ITR signal output from the conversion circuit 17, the second determination signal output from the second comparator 12b is a key-on signal. (hereinafter referred to as the KON signal), and is also input as the A/D conversion circuit 11
A detection signal representing the amount of finger bending outputted by the controller is input as an aftertouch response signal (hereinafter referred to as an ATR signal). In the tone generator 18, the generation of the musical tone signal is controlled by the KON signal, and musical tone elements such as the pitch, timbre, and volume of the generated musical tone signal are controlled by the ITR signal and the ATR signal. ing.

Next, the operation of the musical tone control device of this embodiment having the above configuration will be explained.

When a performer bends his finger with the movable member shown in FIG. 2 attached to his hand, the sensor 1o detects the amount of bending and outputs a detection signal representing the amount of bending.

This detection signal is then converted into a digital detection signal by the A/D conversion circuit 11 and input to the first and second comparators 12 a and 12 b and the tone generator 18 .

Here, referring to FIG. 3, the figure shows the elapsed time when performing a finger bending motion (assumed to be proportional to the amount of finger bending) and the bending detected over time. It shows the relationship with the output value of the detection signal representing the amount.

As described above, based on the two reference signals Al and A2, the finger gradually moves from the first stage position state to the second stage position state and then to the third stage position state.

Then, the first comparator 12a compares the detection signal of the amount of finger bending with the reference signal A1, and at the time (tl) when the detection signal becomes large, that is, at the time of transition from the first stage to the second stage. A first determination signal is output. Then, the first one-shot circuit 14a detects the rise of this first determination signal, and the counter 15 is reset at the timing when the rise is detected. Reset counter 15
Since the count is restarted from "0", this means that the counter 15 starts measuring the elapsed time from time t1.

On the other hand, when the finger is further bent and moves from the second stage to the third stage position state, the second comparator 12b detects this by comparing the detection signal representing the amount of bending of the finger with the reference signal A2. . Then, the second determination signal is output from the second comparator 12b, and the one-shot circuit 14. of IJ2 is output.
b is the rising timing (t2
) is detected.

As a result, a signal is input to the load terminal of the register 16 at the same timing, and the count data of the counter 15 at that time is loaded into the register 16.

Therefore, the count data loaded into the register 16 at time 2 becomes data indicating the time (t2-tl), which means that the finger is connected to the reference signal Al.

This is the time it takes to pass between two positions indicated by A2.

For example, if the finger is bent quickly, this time will be short; if the finger is bent slowly, this time will be long.

However, when considering the initial touch response, it is normal to use a control signal with a large value if it is fast, and a small value if it is slow, and the input characteristics of the ITR signal in the tone generator 18 of this embodiment are also similar. ing. Therefore, the conversion circuit 17 converts the value of the register 16.

That is, if the input value is large, a small value is output, and if the input value is small, a large value is output. The state of this conversion is shown in the graph of FIG.

However, if the input characteristics of the ITR signal in the tone generator 18 are such that a large value is recognized as a small initial touch response, and a small value is recognized as a large initial touch response, this conversion is naturally not required.

Since the ITR signal is obtained from the conversion circuit 17 in the manner described above, the performer can perform musical expressions that take advantage of the initial touch response.

On the other hand, the determination signal of ff2 is input to the tone generator 18 as a KON signal. Therefore, the tone generator 18 recognizes the timing when the finger is bent to the third stage position, that is, when the second determination signal is output, as the timing to start generating musical tones. Further, after that, the detection signal of the A/D conversion circuit 11 is
Since it is input to the tone generator 18 as an R signal, a predetermined musical tone element is Ig-controlled by this ATR signal.

That is, the tone generator 18 starts generating a musical tone signal at the rising timing of the KON signal, and also generates a musical tone signal whose musical tone elements are controlled by the ITR signal and the ATR signal until the falling timing of the ○N signal. Continue to do so.

In the above embodiment, the sensor 10 obtains an analog signal with a variable resistor made of a rotating sliding material, but a member whose resistance value changes when stretched or compressed is installed along the finger. It is also possible to have a configuration in which:

Further, although the sensor 10 outputs an analog signal to indicate the degree of bending of the finger, it may be configured as a digital encoder that outputs a digital signal without the A/D conversion circuit 11.

Further, the digital signal output from the A/D conversion circuit 11 is inputted to the decoder, and the first and second signals in the above embodiment are input from two output lines of the output of this decoder.
It is also possible to have a configuration that obtains a determination signal. In such a configuration, the output of the sensor 10 is converted into a several-bit digital signal by the A/D conversion circuit 11, and then input to the decoder, and a signal is output to the output line of the decoder corresponding to the digital value. become. Therefore, by selecting the two output lines corresponding to the vicinity of the beginning of the bending of the finger among the output lines of the decoder, signals corresponding to flil and the second determination signal are obtained, and the comparator 12 and the reference signal generation circuit 13 becomes unnecessary.

Further, the sensor 10 is configured to have a plurality of output lines corresponding to bending angles, and select signals from two of the output lines to obtain the first and second determination signals. It is also possible to do this. In such a configuration, since the bending angle is directly reflected on any output line, the A/D conversion circuit 11, the comparator 12, and the reference signal generation circuit 13 are not necessary.

Furthermore, the conversion circuit 17 in the above embodiment converts the input value and the output value so that they are almost inversely proportional, as shown in FIG. Determine as appropriate depending on input characteristics. Furthermore, if the conversion ratio can be changed, it can be adjusted to match the finger bending speed that differs from player to player. In addition, when obtaining an ITR signal to indicate the moving speed of the body, it is sufficient that there is a certain correspondence between the moving speed and the output value of the ITR signal, not only when they are proportional but also when they are inversely proportional. .

Furthermore, if the reference signals Al and A2 can both be made larger or smaller without changing the difference between them, the amount of bending of the finger at key-on can be adjusted, making it easier to play.

Furthermore, if the K O'N signal is input to the reference signal generation circuit 13 and the reference signal A2 is configured to have a slightly smaller value during the period when the KON signal is output, the timing of generation of the musical tone signal can be detected. In some cases, hysteresis characteristics can be provided. That is, the reference value when the KON signal changes from on to off is slightly smaller than the reference value when the KON signal changes from off to on, and erroneous judgments are reduced.

Further, in the above embodiment, two positions are used as references and only the speed passing between them is detected, but it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which changes in speed are detected using more positions as references6. For example, Let there be three reference positions, the first position, the second position, and the third position, and detect the speed of the section from the time difference when the finger passes through the first and second positions. The speed of the section is detected from the time difference when passing through the second and third positions. Then, the acceleration may be detected from the speed difference between the two sections, and the musical tone elements may be controlled based on the acceleration.

In addition, in the above embodiment, a sensor is provided for each finger to constitute a device consisting of the above circuits, and if five fingers are to be handled, five of these circuits are arranged in parallel. It is also possible to configure one processing circuit that time-division multiplexes the outputs of a plurality of sensors and performs subsequent determinations by time-division processing.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a musical tone control device according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a top view of a movable member used to detect the amount of finger bending, and Fig. 3 shows the progress of finger bending. The elapsed time-detection signal relationship diagram showing the relationship between time and the output value of the detection signal detected according to the amount of finger bending, fJ4 is the input value-output value showing the conversion state in the conversion circuit shown in Figure 1. It is a relationship diagram. Symbol explanation 10: Sensor 2: Comparator 5: Counter 6: Register

Claims (1)

[Claims] Motion detection means for detecting the motion of a part of a human body and outputting a detection signal representing the amount of the motion, and the motion represented by the detection signal output by the motion detection means. and a time measuring means for measuring the time during which the amount of changes from a predetermined first value to a second value different from the first value, and transmits a control signal corresponding to the measured time to a musical tone control signal. A musical tone control device characterized by outputting as follows.