JPH05100205A - Display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To accurately display images of dots irrelevantly to variance in the optical path length between dots and a lens among the dots when the display device is constituted for the purpose of a stereoscopic display. CONSTITUTION:In front of dots 2a, 2b, and 2c of a two-dimensional display DP, microlenses 1a, 1b, and 1c are provided corresponding to the dots 2a, 2b, and 2c, and a layer 10 for varying the optical path length S1 is provided between the dots 2a, 2b, and 2c, and microlenses 1a, 1b, and 1c. Even when the layer 10 generates the variance in the optical path length between the dots and lens among the dots, a voltage control part 40 controls a voltage applied between transparent electrodes 7 and 8 of the layer 10 to precisely control variation in the optical path length S1, thereby accurately obtaining the position of the accurate image 4.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a display device used in computers, television receivers and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, three-dimensional images (including stereoscopic images) as seen in computer graphics displays.
There is an increasing need for a technology for displaying the, for example, the document “Image Lab, November 1990, pp. 20-24”.
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-242242, a system that actually uses binocular parallax is widely used as a three-dimensional display device. The method using binocular parallax is roughly classified into an eyeglass method and an eyeglass-less method. The method without glasses is
For example, the document “Television Society Journal Vol. 44, No. 5,
Pp. 591-597, 1990 ", it is considered to be used as a television receiver because of its generality.

On the other hand, the spectacle system includes a method using a simple polarizing plate and a color filter for the spectacles, a method having a shutter function in the spectacles, and a method having a two-dimensional display in the spectacles.

In the spectacles method, a method of using a simple polarizing plate is generally used, and a method of projecting two images having different polarizations on a large screen such as IMAX Co., Ltd., or a two-dimensional method such as Sony Tektronix Co., Ltd. There is a method in which a shutter of a polarization filter is provided on the front surface of the display and time-division driving is performed while changing the polarization direction.

Further, in the spectacles system, a spectacle having a two-dimensional display is disclosed in, for example, the document “Image Lab”.
As shown in January 1991, page 29 to page 33 "and the document" Image Lab, January 1991, page 20 to page 23 ", it is also called a head-mounted display (HMD), and has recently been used. It is attracting attention due to research on artificial reality.

[0006]

However, most of the above-mentioned various types of display devices are three-dimensional displays using only binocular parallax,
Since information is displayed stereoscopically using the so-called illusion with only binocular disparity, the eye adjustment mechanism (mechanisms such as focus adjustment) and the vergence mechanism (movement mechanism that gazes at an object) often do not match, Generally, there is a drawback that eye fatigue accumulates when the display is continuously viewed for 20 minutes or more. FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining this state. For example, two images P1 and P2 are displayed on the screen 210 at a predetermined interval Z, and the two images P1 and P2 are displayed by the human eye. 201,
When binocular vision is performed at 202, the adjustment mechanism of the eyes 201, 202 focuses on the actual distance L1 from the eyes 201, 202 to the screen 210, but the convergence mechanism of the eyes 201, 202 is Towards the image P2, the other eye 20
Since the eyes 201 and 202 are controlled so that the image No. 2 faces the image P1, the gazing point is the intersection position CLS of these, and in the example of FIG. 11, it is in front of the actual screen. Therefore,
Focusing distance L1 and gazing point CLS distance L2
Therefore, it is considered that eye fatigue is caused by this, and if the screen is continuously viewed for a long time, the larger the difference between L1 and L2, the greater the accumulation of eye fatigue.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a display device capable of displaying a stereoscopic image with less fatigue on the eyes and rich in realism in a simple manner.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, a display device according to claim 1 has a minute lens on the front surface of each dot formed of at least one pixel forming a two-dimensional display. Optical path length changing means for changing the optical path length between the minute lens and the dot, an optical path length storing means for storing the optical path length or a change state of the optical path length, and an optical path length storing means. Based on the information stored in the image and the image information, the determining means for determining the amount of changing the optical path length for each dot is provided, the optical path length changing means, the amount determined by the determining means. The feature is that the optical path length is changed by a corresponding amount.

Further, in the display device according to the second aspect, a minute lens is provided on the front surface of the dot for each dot composed of at least one pixel forming the two-dimensional display, and the minute lens is further provided. Based on the focal length changing means for changing the focal length, the focal length storing means for storing the changing state of the focal length or the optical path length of the focal length, and the information and image information stored in the focal length storing means. , Determining means for determining the amount of changing the focal length for each dot,
The focal length changing means is characterized by changing the focal length corresponding to the amount determined by the determining means.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, at least one lens that acts on the entire surface of the display is provided in front of the dots forming the two-dimensional display, and the lenses and the dots are combined. Based on the optical path length changing means for changing the optical path length for each dot, the optical path length storage means for storing the optical path length or the change state of the optical path length, and the information and image information stored in the optical path length storage means. , Determining means for determining an amount for changing the optical path length, and the optical path length changing means is adapted to change the optical path length corresponding to the determined amount.

[0011]

In the display device according to the first aspect, the optical path length between the dot and the minute lens corresponding to each dot or the change state of the optical path length is stored, and the optical path length is determined according to the stored information and image information. The amount to be changed is determined for each dot, and the optical path length corresponding to the determined amount is changed.

The display device according to a second aspect of the present invention stores and stores the focal length of the means for changing the focal length of the minute lens corresponding to each dot or the change state of the optical path length of the focal length. The amount by which the focal length is changed is determined for each dot according to the existing information and the image information, and the focal length corresponding to the determined amount is changed.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the display device stores the optical path length between the lens and the dot acting on the entire surface of the display, or the change state of the optical path length, and the optical path length is set according to the stored information and image information. The amount to be changed is determined, and the optical path length corresponding to the determined amount is changed.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are a front view and a sectional view of a first embodiment of a display device according to the present invention. In the display device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, dots 2a, 2b, 2c consisting of one pixel are formed on the two-dimensional display DP, and a front glass 3 is provided on the two-dimensional display DP. Furthermore, in this display device, 2
In front of each dot 2a, 2b, 2c of the three-dimensional display DP, minute lenses 1a, 1b, 1c are provided corresponding to each dot 2a, 2b, 2c.

The microlenses 1a, 1b and 1c are lenses having a focal length of f, and the microlenses 1a, 1b and 1c.
The optical path length S1 between c and the dots 2a, 2b, 2c is set to a value equal to or less than the focal length f of the lenses 1a, 1b, 1c. In this case, the observer can see that the minute lenses 1a, 1b,
Each dot 2a of the two-dimensional display DP using 1c,
The erecting virtual image 4 of 2b and 2c can be seen with the eyes 5.

Further, in the display device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a layer 10 composed of a liquid crystal material 6, transparent electrodes 7 and 8 and a protective glass 9 is formed on the front glass 3 of the two-dimensional display DP. The refractive index of the liquid crystal material 6 is changed by changing the applied voltage between the transparent electrodes 7 and 8, and as a result, the optical path length S1 between the lens and the dot (actual It is possible to change the position S2 of the virtual image with respect to the lens by changing (different from the distance). That is, the layer 10 functions as an optical path length changing unit that changes the optical path length between the minute lens and the dot. Further, in this embodiment, a voltage controller 40 for controlling the voltage applied between the transparent electrodes 7 and 8 is provided.

In such a structure, for example, the focal length f of the lens (which is a thin film lens) is 10 mm, and the layer 1
The thickness of 0 is 3 mm, the diameter d of the lens is 1 mm, and the distance e between the eye 5 of the observer and the lens is 100 mm. In this case, if the thickness of the front glass 3, the protective glass 9 and the transparent electrodes 7 and 8 is set to 0 mm for convenience of calculation and the refraction in the layer 10 is not taken into consideration, the distance S2 between the lens and the virtual image is simply From the focal length f and the distance S1 between the dot and the lens, the following formula is obtained.

[0018]

1 / S2 = -1 / f + 1 / S1

According to Equation 1, the actual distance between the lens and the dot is about 8 mm, the refractive index of the liquid crystal material 6 is about 1.5, and S1 is applied to the liquid crystal material 6 so that it is 9.5238 mm. When the voltage is determined, S2 becomes 200 mm and the angular magnification Γ becomes 7.7 times. When the voltage is changed so that S1 becomes 9.8765 mm, S2 becomes 800 mm and the angular magnification Γ becomes 9.9 times.

At this time, the optical path length difference ΔS1 is 352.
It is 7 μm, and the position of the virtual image changes by 600 mm when the optical path length changes by 352.7 μm. Optical path length S1 of 9.886
When the distance is changed from 5 mm to 1 μm, S2 becomes 871 mm, and when the optical path length S1 is set to 9.8665 mm, S2 becomes 73.
It will be 9 mm. ΔS1 = 1 depending on the relationship between S1 and f
A change of ΔS2 = 70 mm occurs in μm. As can be seen from this, in order to accurately display the image position, it is necessary to control the optical path length with extremely high accuracy.

In a normal liquid crystal display, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is as thin as about 10 μm, and therefore ± 0.2 μm due to the spacer.
Within the range, the optical path length S1 can be easily controlled with high accuracy, but even in this case, it is difficult to control with high accuracy to 1% or less.

That is, when the liquid crystal layer is used for a simple display, the accuracy of the difference is not required, but when the optical path length changing means is constructed by using this liquid crystal, the optical path length change is made. The means changes the optical path length by the product of the change in the refractive index of the liquid crystal and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer. Therefore, even if the change in the optical path length is 0.4 mm and the ratio of the change in the refractive index is 20%. , The thickness of the liquid crystal material 6 needs to be at least about 2 mm. With this thickness, the accuracy of 0.1 μm or less is
It is equivalent to 0.005%, and requires 200 times accuracy,
It is very difficult to control such precision with high precision.

The voltage control section 40 of FIG. 2 is provided to solve such a problem, and determines the optical path length when no voltage is applied or the optical path length when a certain voltage is applied. It is configured to measure, determine a voltage such that the optical path length S1 gives the position of the image to be set by the image information, and apply this to the transparent electrodes 7 and 8 based on the measured value. It is intended to accurately display the image position regardless of the variation for each dot.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the voltage control unit 40. The voltage control unit 40 is an optical path length storage unit 101 such as a ROM in which optical path length data in a state where no voltage is applied is stored. And a display position data calculation unit 103 that calculates at which position from the lens surface the virtual image of the dot should be created based on the distance information in the image information 102, and the display calculated by the display position data calculation unit 103. An optical path length calculation unit 104 that calculates optical path length data based on a position, and an applied voltage calculation unit 105 that calculates an applied voltage based on the calculated optical path length data and the optical path length data stored in the optical path length storage unit 101. And the applied voltage storage unit 106 that stores the calculated applied voltage value, and the voltage that applies the applied voltage stored in the applied voltage storage unit 106 to the transparent electrodes 7 and 8 while the dots are displayed. Kabe 107 and is provided.

By providing such a voltage control unit 40, the image position can be accurately displayed by the following procedure. That is, first, the optical path length in a state where no voltage is applied to the transparent electrodes 7 and 8 is measured in advance, and this is stored in the optical path length storage unit 101 in advance. When it is desired to output the image information of a certain specific dot, the display position data calculation unit 103 calculates at what position from the lens surface the virtual image 4 of the dot should be created based on the distance information in this image information. In this calculation, the variable range of the optical path length, the value and accuracy of the optical path length and the focal length of the lens are also taken into consideration.

Next, the optical path length calculation unit 104 calculates the optical path length data based on the calculated display position, and the applied voltage calculation unit 105 stores the calculated optical path length data and the optical path length storage unit 101 in advance. The applied voltage corresponding to the optical path length data is calculated (for example, by obtaining the difference between them). The calculated applied voltage is
The applied voltage is stored in the applied voltage storage unit 106 and is applied to the voltage applying unit 107.
Applies the applied voltage to the transparent electrodes 7 and 8 while displaying the dots to change the refractive index of the liquid crystal material 6 so that the optical path length becomes as calculated by the optical path length calculation unit 104. Change with high precision.

As a result, it is possible to accurately display the image position, and especially when there is a variation for each dot,
By changing the optical path length with high precision for each dot,
It is possible to accurately display the image position regardless of the variation of each dot.

Now, for example, 8 bits are assigned to 1 dot, and the deviation of the optical path length from 2 mm is about ± 1 in units of 0.1 μm.
By storing up to 2.8 μm in the optical path length storage unit 101 in advance, variations in the optical path length can be easily and accurately corrected by the above method, and the optical path length can be controlled with high accuracy. Further, when the two-dimensional display DP having a high definition of 300,000 pixels is used as the optical path length storage unit 101, a capacity of about 30 Mbytes is sufficient.

Further, in addition to the optical path length storage unit 101 for storing the optical path length data in the state in which no voltage is applied, a storage unit for storing the state of change of the optical path length due to voltage application is further provided, and this storage When the optical path length to be set and the voltage required therefor are calculated based on the state of change in the optical path length stored in the unit, the image position can be displayed more accurately.

The optical path length can be changed by changing the pulse density or the pulse ratio of the applied voltage instead of changing the magnitude of the voltage. By calculating these values, the image position can be changed. Accurate display is possible.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the voltage control unit 40. In the configuration example of FIG. 4, the display position data calculation unit 11 which calculates at which position from the lens surface the virtual image of the dot should be formed based on the distance information in the image information 102.
3 and the optical path length calculation unit 11 that calculates the optical path length data based on the display position calculated by the display position data calculation unit 113.
4, an applied voltage calculation unit 115 that calculates an applied voltage based on the calculated optical path length data, an applied voltage storage unit 116 that stores the value of the calculated applied voltage, and an optical path length for each dot is measured in advance. Optical path length storage unit 11 stored as
7, the applied voltage correction value calculation unit 118 that calculates the correction value of the applied voltage in advance based on the optical path length of each dot that is measured and stored in advance, and the applied voltage stored in the applied voltage storage unit 116. Value of the applied voltage correction value calculation unit 118
Applied voltage correction unit 119 that corrects with the correction value calculated in
And a voltage application unit 120 that applies the applied voltage resulting from the correction by the applied voltage correction unit 119 to the transparent electrodes 7 and 8.

In the configuration of FIG. 4, the correction value of the applied voltage for each dot is calculated in advance by the applied voltage correction value calculation unit 118 based on the value of the optical path length measured for each dot in advance and stored. If you want to output the image information of a specific dot,
The display position from the lens surface is calculated by the display position data calculation unit 113 based on the distance information in the image information, and the optical path length to be set is calculated based on this display position.
Calculate with 4. The applied voltage calculation unit 115 calculates the applied voltage based on the calculated optical path length data and stores it in the applied voltage storage unit 116. The applied voltage correction unit 119 obtains a correction value of the applied voltage corresponding to a specific dot from the applied voltage correction value calculation unit 118, corrects the applied voltage stored in the applied voltage storage unit 116 with this correction value, and The applying unit 120 applies the corrected applied voltage to the transparent electrodes 7 and 8.

As a result, similarly to the configuration example of FIG. 3, it is possible to change the refractive index of the liquid crystal material 6 and change the optical path length S1 with high accuracy to accurately display the image position. Even if there is a variation in the image position, by changing the optical path length S1 for each dot, it is possible to accurately display the image position regardless of the variation for each dot. Further, in the configuration example of FIG. 4, it is not necessary to calculate the correction value of the applied voltage for each dot as in the case of FIG. 3, so that the display speed can be increased and the IC can be easily formed. The applied voltage correction value calculation unit 118
For example, this may be constituted by a variable resistor, or may be constituted by means for selecting the pulse ratio of the applied voltage.

In FIG. 5, the optical path length S1 is made larger than the focal length f in the structure of FIG.
It is the figure which showed the case where 0 is produced, and also in this case, the voltage control part 40 of the structure shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4 is provided similarly to the case where the erecting virtual image 4 as described above is displayed. As a result, the image position can be displayed accurately.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a second embodiment of the display device according to the present invention. In the display device of FIG. 6, the minute lenses 30a, 30b, 30c are minute liquid crystal lenses 31a, 31b, 31c in which a kind of nematic liquid crystal having a relatively large refractive index is sealed, and the transparent electrode 32.
a, 32b, 32c; 33a, 33b, 33c and flat glass 34a, 34b, 34c; 35a, 35b, 3
And 5c.

In the display device having such a structure,
By setting the focal length f of the minute lenses 30a, 30b, 30c to be not less than the optical path length S1 between the lens and the dot,
As in FIGS. 1 and 2, the dots 2a, 2b, 2c
The erecting virtual image 4 of can be made. In the display device of FIG. 6, the electrodes 32a, 32b, 32c and the electrode 3 are
By applying a voltage between the liquid crystal molecules 3a, 33b, and 33c to control the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules of the small liquid crystal lenses 31a, 31b, and 31c, the refractive index of the liquid crystal is changed and the fine lenses 30a, 30b, and 30c are changed. The focal length f can be continuously changed. This is based on the fact that the refractive index n _e of the liquid crystal molecule in the major axis direction and the refractive index n _{0 of the} minor axis direction differ depending on the optical anisotropy of the liquid crystal molecule. By changing the focal lengths of the minute lenses 30a, 30b, and 30c in this way, the position of the virtual image 4 can be changed.

By the way, also in the second embodiment,
Even if the focal length changes slightly, the position of the virtual image 4 changes greatly, and if there are variations between dots, it is difficult to display the image position accurately. Therefore, also in this case, the voltage applied to the electrodes is controlled with high accuracy by providing the voltage control unit 41 having the same configuration as that shown in FIG. It can be controlled with high precision. This makes it possible to accurately display the image position even if there are variations in each dot. In the second embodiment, in the configuration shown in FIG. 3 or 4, the optical path length storage units 101 and 117 and the optical path length calculation unit 1 are used.
It is necessary to provide a focal length storage unit and a focal length calculation unit instead of 04 and 114 to store and calculate the focal length instead of the optical path length. At this time, the focal length is accompanied by a large amount of aberration, and the focal length changes while the aberration changes. Therefore, the focal length that actually gives the correct image position is likely to be slightly different from the calculation. It is effective to predict them on the basis of the change information of and determine the focal length.

Various modifications can be made to the display device shown in FIG. For example, instead of the minute lenses 30a, 30b, 30c having the configuration shown in FIG.
A liquid crystal material is enclosed between two parallel electrodes, and a portion corresponding to each dot of one electrode is processed into a circular hole pattern, and the electric field distribution in the liquid crystal material is changed by the applied voltage between the electrodes, so that the liquid crystal molecules By changing the orientation direction, it is possible to form microlenses equivalent to the microlenses 30a, 30b, 30c.

In the above-mentioned first and second embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, a minute lens is provided in front of each dot composed of one pixel forming the two-dimensional display DP. It is also possible to modify this as shown in FIGS.

That is, in the configuration example of FIG. 7, R (red),
Dot 2e consisting of 3 RGB pixels of G (green) and B (blue)
A micro lens 1e is provided for each. At this time, the hue information can be accurately displayed only when there are three RGB pixels. Therefore, in the case of color display, there is no significant change in performance as compared with the case where a minute lens is provided for each of the RGB pixels. It is easy to make a minute lens as much as the diameter of the lens can be increased.

Further, in the configuration example of FIG. 8, four sets of dots 2f, 2g, 2h, 2i each consisting of three RGB pixels are newly set as one dot, and a minute lens 1f is provided for each dot. In this case, although the display accuracy of the information of the thin line or the contour is somewhat lowered, the diameter of the lens can be further increased, and thus it becomes easy to form a minute lens. Further, instead of using four groups as one dot, 3 × 3 = 9 groups can be used as one dot.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a third embodiment of the display device according to the present invention. In the display device of FIG. 9, a layer 19 for changing the optical path length is further provided on the front glass 3 of the two-dimensional display DP, and in front of the two-dimensional display DP, for each dot. Instead of the corresponding micro lens as described above,
A lens 13 that acts on the entire surface of the display DP is provided. The optical path length S1 between the lens 13 and the dots 27a to 27i is set to be equal to or less than the focal length f of the lens 13.

The layer 19 for changing the optical path length is made of a material 16 capable of changing the refractive index or the optical path length by applying a voltage, and the ITO transparent electrodes 15 and 17.
And the protective glass 18.

Also in the display device having such a configuration, the refractive index or the optical path length of the material 16 is changed by applying a voltage to the ITO transparent electrodes 15 and 17, and the optical path length between the dots 27a to 27i and the lens 13 is changed. S1 can be changed, and the imaging distance S of the virtual images 28a to 28i can be changed.
2 can be changed.

Also in the third embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the positions of the virtual images 28a to 28i are greatly changed and the image positions are accurately displayed only by a slight change in the optical path length S1. Difficult to do. Therefore, also in this case, by providing the voltage control unit 42 having the same configuration as that shown in FIG. 3 or 4 for controlling the voltage applied between the electrodes, the change in the optical path length is controlled with high accuracy and the image position is accurately measured. It is possible to display in.

In the display device of FIG. 9, the screen is large, and an image is formed by at least one lens 13 acting on the entire surface of the screen. Therefore, peripheral dots, for example, 27a to 27i and the vicinity of the central portion are formed. Dots, eg 27
The optical path lengths of c and 27d are very different. Therefore, some unit of correction is necessary because it may be in units of a plurality of dots.

In each of the above-described embodiments, FIG.
The display device of FIGS. 5, 6 and 9 does not change the optical path length or the focal length of each dot, and the area is wider than the dot, for example, one column in FIG.
When it is configured to change the optical path length or the focal length over the entire area of the dots for a row, it is suitable for the purpose of giving a gentle stereoscopic effect in a wide area. Specifically, in the case where only three types of changes of the distant view, the middle view, and the near view need to be given, by using these configurations, the optical path length,
Alternatively, the focal length can be set to be the same for the distant view, and the optical path length or the focal length can be set to be the same for the near view for all the dots in the near view region.

On the other hand, when these display devices have a structure in which the optical path length or the focal length can be changed for each dot (however, FIG. 9 is not possible), the optical path length, Alternatively, it is suitable for applications in which the focal length is changed, and in this case, a stereoscopic effect can be obtained for each dot.

However, in any of the above cases, the focal length of the minute lens corresponding to each dot or the lens acting on the entire surface of the two-dimensional display DP, or
Since the refractive index of the layer between these lenses and the dots can be easily set to a predetermined value, by determining the focal length or the refractive index according to the image information to be displayed,
Even when the two-dimensional display DP is used, three-dimensional display is possible, and by applying any of the above display devices to the three-dimensional display device, an image can be displayed at the distance of the gazing point even in the case of stereoscopic vision due to binocular parallax. By forming an image, eye fatigue can be reduced.

FIGS. 10A and 10B are views for explaining this situation. For example, on the two-dimensional screen 210, 2
The two images P1 and P2 are displayed at a predetermined distance Z, and when these two images P1 and P2 are observed, FIG.
In FIG. 10A, one eye 201 shows the image P2, and in FIG. 10B, the other eye 202 shows the image P1. The congestion mechanism of the eyes 201 and 202 is shown in FIG.
Since the eyes 201 and 202 are controlled so that the other eye 202 faces toward the image P1, the gazing point is the intersection position CLS of these, and in the example of FIGS. , Which is in front of the actual screen 210. In such a case, the display device according to the present invention is mounted for the left eye and the right eye, respectively, and the display device is controlled according to the image information of the screen 210 to display the screen 2
Since the positions of the ten images P1 and P2 (in this case, the real image positions) can be moved to the position of the gazing point CLS,
As a result, the adjustment mechanism of the eyes 201 and 202 is
The eyes 201, 202 are controlled so as to focus on the distance L2 from the point 1, 202 to the gazing point CLS. As a result, eye congestion and accommodation can be matched, and eye fatigue can be reduced.

Contrary to the above example, the gazing point CLS is the actual distance L1 from the eyes 201, 202 to the screen 210.
When an image at a distance farther than that is displayed on the screen 210, the display device is configured to display a virtual image of the image on the screen 210, and the display device is controlled to display the virtual image at the gazing point. By doing so, it is possible to make eye congestion and adjustment coincide with each other in the same manner, and reduce fatigue.

[0052]

As described above, according to the display device of the first aspect, the optical path length between the dot and the minute lens corresponding to each dot or the change state of the optical path length is stored and stored. The amount of change in the optical path length is determined for each dot according to the stored information and image information, and the optical path length corresponding to the determined amount is changed. Furthermore, when a three-dimensional display is constructed using this display device, by appropriately changing the optical path length and changing the image position, a three-dimensional image with less eyestrain and rich presence can be obtained. It can be displayed easily.

According to the display device of the second aspect, the focal length of the means for changing the focal length of the minute lens corresponding to each dot or the changing state of the optical path length of the focal length is stored and stored. The amount of change in the focal length is determined for each dot according to the information and image information, and the focal length corresponding to the determined amount is changed. In addition, when a three-dimensional display is constructed by using this display device, by appropriately changing the focal length and the image position, a stereoscopic image with less eyestrain and rich presence can be obtained. Images can be easily displayed.

According to the display device of the third aspect, the optical path length between the lens and the dot acting on the entire surface of the display, or the change state of the optical path length is stored, and the optical path is stored according to the stored information and image information. The amount of change in length is determined, and the optical path length corresponding to the determined amount is changed, so that the position of the dot image can be accurately displayed, and further, this display device can be used. When a three-dimensional display is constructed by using the three-dimensional display, by appropriately changing the optical path length and changing the image position, it is possible to easily display a stereoscopic image with little presence in eyes and rich presence.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a first embodiment of a display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration example for accurately displaying an image position.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration example for accurately displaying an image position.

5 is a diagram showing a state in which the optical path length is made larger than the focal length in the configuration of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a modified example of the arrangement of dots and minute lenses.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a modified example of the arrangement of dots and minute lenses.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a third embodiment of the display device according to the present invention.

10 (a) and 10 (b) are diagrams for explaining the principle of matching eye congestion and accommodation according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a general relationship between eye congestion and accommodation.

[Explanation of symbols]

1a, 1b, 1c, 1e, 1f
Micro lenses 2a, 2b, 2c, 2e, 2f, 2g, 2h, 2i
Dot 3
Front glass 6
Liquid crystal material 16 Material capable of changing refractive index or optical path length 7, 8, 15, 17
ITO transparent electrode 9
Protective glass 13
Lens 18
Protective glass 19 Layers 30a, 30b, 30c for changing refractive index or optical path length
Micro lenses 31a, 31b, 31c
Micro liquid crystal lenses 32a, 32b, 32c, 33a, 33b, 33c
Transparent electrodes 34a, 34b, 34c, 35a, 35b, 35c
Flat lens 101
Optical path length storage unit 102
Image information 103 Display position data calculation unit 104
Optical path length calculator 105
Applied voltage calculation unit 106
Applied voltage storage unit 107
Voltage application unit 113 Display position data calculation unit 114
Optical path length calculator 115
Applied voltage calculator 116
Applied voltage storage unit 117
Optical path length storage unit 118 Applied voltage correction value calculation unit 119
Applied voltage correction unit 120
Voltage application part DP
Two-dimensional display

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A microlens is provided on the front surface of the dot for each dot composed of at least one pixel forming a two-dimensional display, and the optical path length between the microlens and the dot is changed. An optical path length changing means, an optical path length storage means for storing the optical path length or a change state of the optical path length, and an amount for changing the optical path length based on the information and the image information stored in the optical path length storage means. A display device, characterized in that a determining means for determining each dot is provided, and the optical path length changing means is configured to change the optical path length corresponding to the amount determined by the determining means. .. 2. A minute lens is provided on the front surface of the dot for each dot composed of at least one pixel forming a two-dimensional display, and a focal length changing means for changing the focal length of the minute lens. And a focal length storage unit that stores the change state of the focal length or the optical path length of the focal length, and the focal length is changed for each dot based on the information and the image information stored in the focal length storage unit. And a determination means for determining an amount to be performed, and the focal length changing means is configured to change the focal length corresponding to the amount determined by the determination means. apparatus. 3. At least one lens that acts on the entire surface of the display is provided in front of the dots forming the two-dimensional display, and the optical path for changing the optical path length between the lens and the dot for each dot. A length changing means, an optical path length storing means for storing the optical path length or a change state of the optical path length, and an amount for changing the optical path length is determined based on information and image information stored in the optical path length storing means. The display device is characterized in that the optical path length changing means changes the optical path length by an amount corresponding to the determined amount.