JPH05100623A - Display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To change the size of a dot in substance, to prevent excess flare light from occurring from the unnecessary part of the dot and to suppress the deterioration of image quality in the case of constructing a display device with the intension of stereoscopic display. CONSTITUTION:In front of the dots 2a, 2b and 2c of a two-dimensional display DP, fine lenses 1a, 1b and 1c are provided corresponding to the respective dots 2a, 2b and 2c, and an optical path length changing layer 40 for changing optical path length between the dots 2a, 2b and 2c and the fine lenses 1a, 1b and 1c is provided between the dots 2a, 2b and 2c and the lenses 1a, 1b and 1c. As to the dot 2b, for example, the projection of light is controlled by an electrode 50b, so that the electrode 50b of the dot 2b is divided into plural and the respective divided electrodes are controlled in accordance with the change of the optical path length to change the size of the dot 2b in substance.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a display device used for a computer, a television receiver and the like and a three-dimensional display device using the display device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, three-dimensional images (including stereoscopic images) as seen in computer graphics displays.
There is an increasing need for a technology for displaying the, for example, the document “Image Lab, November 1990, pp. 20-24”.
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-242242, a system that actually uses binocular parallax is widely used as a three-dimensional display device. The method using binocular parallax is roughly classified into an eyeglass method and an eyeglass-less method. The method without glasses is
For example, the document “Television Society Journal Vol. 44, No. 5,
Pp. 591-597, 1990 ", it is considered to be used as a television receiver because of its generality.

On the other hand, the spectacle system includes a method using a simple polarizing plate and a color filter for the spectacles, a method having a shutter function in the spectacles, and a method having a two-dimensional display in the spectacles.

In the spectacles method, a method of using a simple polarizing plate is generally used, and a method of projecting two images having different polarizations on a large screen such as IMAX Co., Ltd., or a two-dimensional method such as Sony Tektronix Co., Ltd. There is a method in which a shutter of a polarization filter is provided on the front surface of the display and time-division driving is performed while changing the polarization direction.

Further, in the spectacles system, a spectacle having a two-dimensional display is disclosed in, for example, the document “Image Lab”.
As shown in January 1991, page 29 to page 33 "and the document" Image Lab, January 1991, page 20 to page 23 ", it is also called a head-mounted display (HMD), and has recently been used. It is attracting attention due to research on artificial reality.

[0006]

However, most of the above-mentioned various types of display devices are three-dimensional displays using only binocular parallax,
Since information is displayed stereoscopically using the so-called illusion with only binocular disparity, the eye adjustment mechanism (mechanisms such as focus adjustment) and the vergence mechanism (movement mechanism that gazes at an object) often do not match, Generally, there is a drawback that eye fatigue accumulates when the display is continuously viewed for 20 minutes or more. FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining this state. For example, two images P1 and P2 are displayed on the screen 210 at a predetermined distance Z, and the two images P1 and P2 are displayed by the human eye. 201,
When binocular vision is performed at 202, the adjustment mechanism of the eyes 201, 202 focuses on the actual distance L1 from the eyes 201, 202 to the screen 210, but the convergence mechanism of the eyes 201, 202 is Towards the image P2, the other eye 20
Since the eyes 201 and 202 are controlled so that 2 is directed to the image P1, the gazing point is the intersection position CLS of these, and in the example of FIG. 14, it is in front of the actual screen. Therefore,
Focusing distance L1 and gazing point CLS distance L2
Therefore, it is considered that eye fatigue is caused by this, and if the screen is continuously viewed for a long time, the larger the difference between L1 and L2, the greater the accumulation of eye fatigue.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a display device capable of easily displaying a stereoscopic image rich in realism with less eyestrain and a three-dimensional display device using the display device.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, the display device according to claim 1 has a minute lens in front of each dot formed of at least one pixel forming a two-dimensional display. A means for changing the optical path length between the minute lens and the dot, and a means for changing the substantial size of the dot according to the change in the optical path length are further provided. Is characterized by.

Further, in the display device according to the second aspect, a minute lens is provided in front of the dot for each dot composed of at least one pixel forming a two-dimensional display, and the focal length of the minute lens is It is characterized in that a means for changing and a means for changing the substantial size of the dot according to the change of the focal length are further provided.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a layer having means for changing an optical path length on a front surface forming a two-dimensional display, and at least one lens acting on the entire surface of the display is provided in front of the layer. Is provided, the means for changing the optical path length, the optical path length between the lens and the dot, to change the value close to the focal length of the lens and a value not more than the focal length, further, It is characterized in that means for changing the size of the screen of the two-dimensional display according to the change in the optical path length is provided.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, at least one lens that acts on the entire surface of the display is provided in front of the dots forming the two-dimensional display, and the lens and the dots are combined. The optical path length is a value close to the focal length of the lens and less than or equal to the focal length, and means for changing the focal length of the lens within this range, and the size of the screen of the two-dimensional display according to the change of the focal length. And a means for changing the are provided.

[0012]

In the display device according to the first aspect, a minute lens is provided in front of the dot for each dot composed of at least one pixel forming a two-dimensional display, and the optical path length between the minute lens and the dot is changed. In the configuration including the means, by changing the size of the dots according to the change of the optical path length, it is possible to reduce the display light of the extra dots when the position of the virtual image is changed, and the power consumption is reduced. Can also be reduced.

Further, in the display device according to the second aspect, a fine lens is provided in front of each dot for at least one pixel forming a two-dimensional display, and means for changing the focal length of the fine lens is provided. By changing the size of the dots according to the change of the focal length in the structure having, it is possible to reduce the display light of the extra dots when the position of the virtual image is changed, and also reduce the power consumption. You can

Further, in the display device according to the third aspect, a layer having a means for changing the optical path length is provided in front of the dots forming the two-dimensional display, and at least one or more sheets acting on the entire surface of the display are provided in front of the layer. In a configuration in which a lens is provided and the optical path length between the lens and the dot is changed at a value close to the focal length of the lens and less than or equal to the focal length, by changing the screen size of the two-dimensional display according to the change of the optical path length. Even if the position of the virtual image is changed, it is possible to perform a display in which the size of the virtual image is small and the image does not feel strange.

Further, in the display device according to the fourth aspect, at least one lens acting on the entire surface of the display is provided in front of the dot forming the two-dimensional display, and the optical path length between the lens and the dot is determined by the focal length of the lens. In a configuration having a value that is close to, but less than or equal to the focal length, and that has a means for changing the focal length of the lens within this range, the size of the screen of the two-dimensional display is changed according to the change of the focal length, thereby Even if the position is changed, it is possible to display without a sense of incongruity with a small change in the size of the virtual image.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are a front view and a sectional view of a first embodiment of a display device according to the present invention. In the display device of FIGS. 1 and 2, the two-dimensional display DP includes
Dots 2a, 2b, 2c each consisting of one pixel are formed, and a two-dimensional display DP is provided with a front glass 3. Further, in this display device, a minute lens 1 is provided in front of each dot 2a, 2b, 2c of the two-dimensional display DP so as to correspond to each dot 2a, 2b, 2c.
a, 1b, 1c are provided. When the two-dimensional display DP is a liquid crystal display, each dot 2a,
The light emission of 2b and 2c is controlled by the electrodes 50a, 50b and 50c, respectively. Also,
On the front glass 3 of the two-dimensional display DP, a layer 40 for changing the optical path length between the minute lenses 1a, 1b, 1c and the dots 2a, 2b, 2c is provided. This layer 40 includes, for example, a nematic liquid crystal 41 and a transparent electrode 4
2 and 43. By applying a voltage to the transparent electrodes 42 and 43, the refractive index of the nematic liquid crystal 41 is changed, and the minute lenses 1a, 1b, 1c and the dots 2 are formed.
The optical path length between a, 2b, and 2c is changed.

By the way, in such a structure, focusing on the dot 2b, for example, the dot 2b and the minute lens 1
When the optical path length S1 with respect to b is equal to or less than the focal length f of the lens, the dot 2b can be seen from the eyes 5 of the observer as a magnified erect virtual image, as indicated by reference numeral 4,
Further, the distance S2 of the virtual image 4 to the lens 1b can be changed by changing the voltage applied to the transparent electrodes 42 and 43 to change the optical path length S1. At this time, when the distance S2 of the virtual image 4 to the lens 1b is a predetermined value, the erecting virtual image 4 of the entire dot 1b can be seen from the eyes of the observer, but if the optical path length S1 is changed from this state. When the apparent magnification (angular magnification) of the erecting virtual image 4 changes and the magnification is increased, only the erecting virtual image 4 of a part of the dot 2b can be seen from the eyes 5 of the observer. .. That is, only the portion of the dot 2b having a smaller area than the area of the lens 1b can be seen. In other words, the area of the dot 2b seen by the observer changes.

Now, for example, the focal length f of the lens 1b (which is a thin film lens) is 10 mm, and the thickness of the layer 40 is 3 mm.
The diameter d of the lens 1b is 1 mm, and the distance e between the eye 5 of the observer and the lens 1b is 100 mm. In the configuration of FIG. 1, the distance S2 between the lens 1b and the erecting virtual image 4 is equal to
b the focal length f of b and the distance S between the dot 2b and the lens 1b
By 1

[0019]

1 / S2 = -1 / f + 1 / S1

Since the distance S2 between the actual lens 1b and the dot 2b is about 8 mm and the refractive index of the liquid crystal 41 is about 1.5, the transparent electrodes 42 and 43 are adjusted so that S1 is 9.5238 mm. When the applied voltage of is determined, S2 becomes 200 mm and the angular magnification Γ becomes 7.7 times. Also, S
When the voltage is changed so that 1 becomes 9.8765 mm,
The S2 is 800 mm, and the angular magnification Γ is 9.9 times.

At this time, if the minute lens 1b has a square outline of 1 mm square, the minute lens 1b
The size of the visible dot 2b is S2 = 200mm
In the case of, 1 / 7.7 = 130 μm square, and S2 =
At 800 mm, it is 1 / 9.9 = 101 μm square.

When the total area of one dot 2b is a square of 130 μm square, when S2 is 200 mm, the observer can see all the part of dot 2b.
The voltage applied to the transparent electrodes 42 and 43 is changed to set S2 to 8
When it is changed to 00 mm, the observer can see only a part of 101 μm square of the dot 2 b of 130 μm square, and the observer can see the remaining part of the dot 2 b, that is, 130 × 130-101. × 101 =
The 6699 square μm portion is an unnecessary portion. At this time, when the light is emitted from the entire area of the dot 2b, the light from the unnecessary portion becomes extra light for the observer, which may increase flare light and deteriorate the image quality. In addition, about 40% of the extra current is consumed.

In order to avoid such a problem, the inventor of the present application does not always emit light from the entire area of the dot 2b, but rather emits light according to the angular magnification Γ.
It was found that it suffices to change the substantial size of the portion, that is, the dot 2b.

Therefore, in the first embodiment,
When the two-dimensional display DP is, for example, a liquid crystal display, FIGS. 3 (a), (b), (c), FIG. 4 (a),
(B) As shown in FIG. 5, the electrode 50b of the dot 2b is divided into a plurality of pieces, and the divided electrodes are individually controlled.

For example, in FIG. 3A, the electrode 50b is
It is divided into two parts, a first electrode portion 51b of 101 square μm and a second electrode portion 52b around the first electrode portion 51b. In this case, when S2 is 200 mm and the angular magnification Γ is 7.7 times, the size of the portion of the dot 2b visible in the minute lens 1b is the entire surface of the dot 2b, that is, 130 μm square, so the first electrode described above is used. Control is performed so that not only the portion 51b but also the second electrode portion 52b is used, and the dot 2b is biased so that light is emitted from the entire dot 2b. When the optical path length is changed from this state and S2 is set to 800 mm and the angular magnification Γ is set to 9.9 times, the size of the portion of the dot 2b seen in the minute lens 1b is a part of this dot, that is, 101 μm square. Therefore, control is performed so that only the first electrode portion 51b is used, and the dot 2b is urged so that light is emitted only from a necessary portion of the dot 2b.

In this way, the dot electrode is divided into a plurality of parts, and the divided electrodes are controlled in accordance with the change in the optical path length to substantially change the size of the dot 2b. It is possible to prevent generation of extra flare light from an unnecessary portion of and to prevent deterioration of image quality. The electrodes 50a and 50c of the other dots 2a and 2c have the same configuration as that of the electrode 50b,
The size of these dots 2a, 2c can also be changed substantially.

Further, when the electrode 50b is divided into two, as shown in FIG.
Instead of (a), it is also possible to divide the arrangement into two as shown in FIGS. 3 (b) and 3 (c). Furthermore, FIG. 4 (a), (b)
The electrode 50b more finely (for example, 53b, 54b,
It is a diagram showing a case where the electrode is divided into three electrode portions of 55b). Although the electrode structure becomes more complicated as the number of divided electrodes is increased, the substantial size of the dot can be controlled more finely. In addition, in FIG.
It is a figure which shows the case where it divides into stripes like b and 58b, and even if it increases the division number of an electrode by dividing into stripes, it can be made into a simple structure.

Further, FIGS. 3 (a), 3 (b), 3 (c) and 4
In the examples of (a), (b) and FIG. 5, the electrode 50b is divided into a plurality of pieces, but instead of directly dividing the electrode 50b, for example, a means having a shutter function between the dot 2b and the minute lens 1b. Is further provided, and the size of the opening of this shutter is changed according to the change of the optical path length, so that the dot 2
It is also possible to change the substantial size of b.

6 has the same component structure as the display device of FIGS. 1 and 2, but the optical path length between the dots 2a, 2b, 2c and the minute lenses 1a, 1b, 1c is the lens 1.
7 is a cross-sectional view of a display device having a focal length greater than a, 1b, and 1c, and in the display device of FIG. 6, the observer's eyes 5 see the dots 2b as an inverted real image as indicated by reference numeral 6. be able to. Also in the case of such a display device, when the optical path length is smaller than twice the focal length f, the real image of the dot 2b is enlarged, and the observer can see only a part of the dot 2b. Similar to the example described above, by changing the substantial size of the dot 2b according to the change of the optical path length,
It is possible to prevent excessive flare light and suppress deterioration of image quality.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a second embodiment of the display device according to the present invention. In FIG. 7, the same parts as those in FIG. 2 are designated by the same reference numerals. In the display device of FIG. 7, in front of the front glass 3 of the two-dimensional display DP, a minute lens 11a as a variable focus lens,
11b and 11c are provided. Minute lens 11
a, 11b, and 11c are the dots 2a and 2c in the example of FIG.
circular holes 12a, 12b, 1 at positions corresponding to b, 2c
2c, an electrode 13 having a hole formed therein, a parallel electrode 14, and an electrode 1
It is composed of a liquid crystal material 15 enclosed between 3 and 14, and a non-uniform electric field is generated in the liquid crystal material 15 by the voltage between the electrodes 13 and 14 to function as a liquid crystal lens, thereby changing the voltage. By changing the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, a variable focus lens effect can be obtained.

In the display device having such a structure,
For example, by setting the focal length of the lens 11b to be equal to or longer than the optical path length between the lens 11b and the dot 2b, the erecting virtual image 4 of the dot 2b that is magnified and visible on the lens 11b can be obtained as in the case of the first embodiment. Can be made backwards. In addition, the position of the virtual image 4 can be changed by changing the focal length, and the enlargement ratio (angular magnification) also changes accordingly.

This causes the same problem as described in the first embodiment. Therefore, in the second embodiment as well,
Similar to the first embodiment, for example, the electrode 50b of the dot 2b
By changing the substantial size of the dot 2b by performing division control as shown in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5, it is possible to reduce the influence of the portion of the extra dot which cannot be seen by the eyes. ..

In the above first and second embodiments,
Although a minute lens is provided for each dot of one pixel of the two-dimensional display, these minute lenses do not necessarily have to correspond to each dot of one pixel. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, R (red), G
The RGB 3 pixels of (green) and B (blue) may be newly defined as the dot 2e, and the minute lens 1e may be provided for each dot 2e composed of the RGB 3 pixels. At this time,
Hue information can be accurately displayed only when there are three RGB pixels. Therefore, in the case of color display, there is no significant change in performance as compared with the case where a minute lens is provided for each of the RGB pixels. It is easy to make minute lenses as much as the diameter can be increased.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 9, four groups of dots 2f, 2g, 2h, 2i consisting of three RGB pixels may be newly set as one dot, and a minute lens 1f may be provided for each dot. In this case, although the display accuracy of the information of the thin line or the contour is somewhat lowered, the diameter of the lens can be further increased, and thus it becomes easy to form a minute lens. Further, instead of using four groups as one dot, 3 × 3 = 9 groups can be used as one dot.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a third embodiment of the display device according to the present invention. In the display device of FIG. 10, a lens 17 that acts on the entire screen is provided in front of the two-dimensional display DP, and a layer 23 for changing the optical path length is provided on the front glass 3 of the two-dimensional display DP. It is provided. The layer 23 has the same structure as the layer 40 shown in FIG. 2, for example.

In the display device having such a structure,
When the optical path length between the lens 17 and the dots 18a to 18i is set to be equal to or less than the focal length of the lens 17, the observer's eye 5 can see an erecting virtual image as shown by reference numerals 20a to 20i. At this time, similarly to the display device of FIGS. 1 and 2, the layer 23 can change the optical path length over the entire screen to change the positions of the virtual images 20a to 20i of the dots 18a to 18i on the entire screen. Further, when the layer 23 is configured to change the optical path length for each dot, the optical path length may be changed for each dot to change the positions of the virtual images 20a to 20i for each dot.

However, in the configuration of FIG. 10, when the optical path length is changed over the entire screen, the virtual image 2 of the entire screen is changed.
The virtual image 2 of the entire screen according to the change in the position of 0a to 20i
The apparent magnification of 0a to 20i also changes. For this reason, if the positions of the virtual images 20a to 20i are changed and displayed, a great discomfort occurs.

In order to eliminate such an uncomfortable feeling, the configuration of FIG. 10 may be changed to that of FIG. 11, for example. In the configuration of FIG. 11, in addition to the lens 17 acting on the entire screen, a lens 19 movable in the optical axis direction is provided, a screen 22 is provided between the lens 17 and the lens 19, and the optical path is further provided. The layer 23 for changing the length is provided on the front surface of the screen 22, and the lens 19 allows the inverted real image 2 of the dots 18a to 18i.
1a to 21i are projected on the screen 22. The sizes of the inverted real images 21a to 21i can be freely changed by changing the distance between the dots 18a to 18i and the lens 19 and the distance between the lens 19 and the screen 22. In addition, the layer 23 provided on the front surface of the screen 22 is controlled so that the screen 5 is exposed from the eyes 5 of the observer through the lens 17 and the layer 23.
It is possible to change the positions of the real images 21a to 21i on the screen 22 with respect to the eyes 5 of the observer by changing the optical path length up to.

In the configuration as shown in FIG. 11, as the layer 23 is controlled to change the optical path length from the eye 5 to the screen 22, the lens 19 is moved accordingly, and the lens 1 is moved.
9 and the dots 18a to 18i are changed to change the screen magnification of the real images 21a to 21i on the screen 22, and as a result, the size of the image of the dots 18a to 18i observed by the eye 5 is changed. It becomes possible to make it constant. As a result, the apparent magnification of the image on the entire screen can be made constant, and even when the positions of the images 21a to 21i are changed and displayed, a feeling of strangeness does not occur.

Instead of the structure shown in FIG. 11, for example, in the structure shown in FIG. 10, the dots 18a to 18i of the two-dimensional display DP are displayed as a set of smaller dots, and the layer 23 is used. By changing the optical path length to change the positions and sizes of the virtual images 20a to 20i, and changing the number of minute dots forming each of the dots 18a to 18i accordingly, the screen resolution remains substantially constant and the screen It is also possible to change the size of.

For example, a 320 × 200 screen is displayed at 1280
It is displayed on a × 800 two-dimensional display DP, and one dot is displayed as 4 × 4 = 16 minute dots. When the magnifying power of the virtual image is close to 2 times, 1 dot is displayed by 2 × 2 minute dots, and when the magnifying power of the virtual image is nearly 1.33 times, 1 dot is displayed by 3 × 3 minute dots. Further, when the magnification is about 1.7 times, one dot is 3 × 3, 2 × 2, 3 × 2, 2 ×.
By displaying with small dots such as 3, it is possible to perform image processing and adjust the actual screen size of the two-dimensional display DP so that the screen size of the virtual image becomes substantially constant.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view of the fourth embodiment of the display device according to the present invention. In the display device of FIG. 12, at least one variable focus lens 30 that acts on the entire screen is provided in front of the two-dimensional display DP. The variable focus lens 30 is composed of, for example, a liquid crystal lens having a Fresnel structure.

Also in the display device having such a configuration, by controlling the variable focus lens 30 and changing the focal length, the positions of the virtual images 20a to 20i on the entire screen are changed in the same manner as the display device of FIG. At the same time, the virtual images 20a to 20i of the screen can be displayed.
The magnification of can also be changed. When a liquid crystal lens having a Fresnel structure is used as the variable focus lens 30,
Since there is no moving part of the lens, it can be manufactured very easily.

The display device of FIG. 12 also has the same problem as the display device of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 10, but in this case as well, the structure as shown in FIG. By displaying with a set of minute dots, the size of the virtual image on the screen can be made substantially constant regardless of the change in position.

In each of the embodiments described above, FIG.
The display device of FIGS. 6, 7, 10, 11, and 12 does not change the optical path length or the focal length of each dot, but has a wider area than the dot, for example, one column in FIG. Alternatively, when it is configured to change the optical path length or the focal length over the entire area of one line of dots, it is suitable for the purpose of giving a gentle three-dimensional effect in a wide area. Specifically, in the case where only three types of changes of the distant view, the middle view, and the near view need to be given, by using these configurations, the optical path length, Alternatively, the focal length is set to the same for the distant view, and the optical path length,
Alternatively, the focal lengths can be set the same for near views.

On the other hand, when these display devices are constructed so that the optical path length or the focal length can be changed for each dot (however, in FIGS. 10 and 1).
1 and FIG. 12 are not applicable), it is suitable for applications such as changing the optical path length or the focal length over a fine screen, and in this case, a stereoscopic effect can be obtained for each dot.

However, in any of the above cases, the focal length of the minute lens corresponding to each dot or the lens acting on the entire surface of the two-dimensional display DP, or
Since the refractive index of the layer between these lenses and the dots can be easily set to a predetermined value, by determining the focal length or the refractive index according to the image information to be displayed,
Even when the two-dimensional display DP is used, three-dimensional display is possible, and by applying any of the above display devices to the three-dimensional display device, an image can be displayed at the distance of the gazing point even in the case of stereoscopic vision due to binocular parallax. By forming an image, eye fatigue can be reduced.

FIGS. 13A and 13B are views for explaining this situation. For example, on the two-dimensional screen 210, 2
The two images P1 and P2 are displayed at a predetermined distance Z, and when these two images P1 and P2 are observed, FIG.
FIG. 13A shows a state where one eye 201 allows the image P2 to be seen, and FIG. 13B shows a case where the other eye 202 causes the image P1 to be seen. The congestion mechanism of the eyes 201 and 202 is shown in FIG.
Since the eyes 201 and 202 are controlled so that the other eye 202 faces toward the image P1, the gazing point is the intersection position CLS between them, and in the example of FIGS. , Which is in front of the actual screen 210. In such a case, the display device according to the present invention is mounted for the left eye and the right eye, respectively, and the display device is controlled according to the image information of the screen 210 to display the screen 2
Since the positions of the ten images P1 and P2 (in this case, the real image positions) can be moved to the position of the gazing point CLS,
As a result, the adjustment mechanism of the eyes 201 and 202 is
The eyes 201, 202 are controlled so as to focus on the distance L2 from the point 1, 202 to the gazing point CLS. As a result, eye congestion and accommodation can be matched, and eye fatigue can be reduced.

Contrary to the above example, the gazing point CLS is the actual distance L1 from the eyes 201, 202 to the screen 210.
When an image at a distance farther than that is displayed on the screen 210, the display device is configured to display a virtual image of the image on the screen 210, and the display device is controlled to display the virtual image at the gazing point. By doing so, it is possible to make eye congestion and adjustment coincide with each other in the same manner, and reduce fatigue.

[0050]

As described above, in the display device according to the first aspect, a two-dimensional display is formed.
For each dot made up of pixels, a minute lens is provided in front of each dot, and a structure having means for changing the optical path length between the minute lens and the dot is used, and the size of the dot is changed according to the change in the optical path length. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the display light of extra dots when the position of the virtual image is changed, and it is possible to reduce the power consumption. Furthermore, using this display device, a three-dimensional display is achieved. In such a case, by appropriately changing the optical path length and appropriately changing the image position, it is possible to easily display a stereoscopic image with less presence of eyes and rich presence.

Further, in the display device according to the second aspect, a minute lens is provided in front of the dot for each dot composed of one pixel forming the two-dimensional display, and means for changing the focal length of the minute lens is provided. In the configuration, since the size of the dot is changed according to the change of the focal length, it is possible to reduce the display light of the extra dot when the position of the virtual image is changed, and also reduce the power consumption. In addition, when a three-dimensional display is constructed using this display device, by appropriately changing the focal length and the image position, a stereoscopic image with less eyestrain and rich presence can be obtained. It can be displayed easily.

Further, in the display device according to the third aspect, a layer having a means for changing the optical path length is provided on the front surface of the dot forming the two-dimensional display, and at least one or more sheets acting on the entire surface of the display are provided in front of the layer. In a configuration in which a lens is provided and the optical path length between the lens and the dot is changed at a value close to the focal length of the lens and less than or equal to the focal length, the size of the screen of the two-dimensional display is changed according to the change of the optical path length. Therefore, even if the position of the virtual image is changed, a display in which the size of the virtual image does not change much and the image does not feel uncomfortable can be obtained. Further, when a three-dimensional display is configured using this display device, the optical path length is reduced. By appropriately changing the image position,
It is possible to easily display a stereoscopic image that is realistic and has less eyestrain.

Further, in the display device according to the fourth aspect, at least one lens acting on the entire surface of the display is provided in front of the dot forming the two-dimensional display, and the optical path length between the lens and the dot is determined by the focal length of the lens. Since the value of the two-dimensional display is set to a value close to, and less than or equal to the focal length, and having a means for changing the focal length of the lens within this range, the size of the screen of the two-dimensional display is changed according to the change of the focal length. In addition, even if the position of the virtual image is changed, it is possible to obtain a display with little change in the size of the virtual image without any discomfort. Furthermore, when a three-dimensional display is constructed using this display device, the focal length is changed appropriately. By appropriately changing the image position, it is possible to easily display a stereoscopic image with less eyestrain and rich presence.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a first embodiment of a display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a display device according to the present invention.

3 (a), (b), and (c) are diagrams showing an example of a divided electrode electrode configuration.

FIGS. 4A and 4B are diagrams showing an example of a divided electrode electrode configuration.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a divided configuration of dot electrodes.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a modified example of the display device of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration in which minute lenses are arranged corresponding to a plurality of pixels.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a configuration in which minute lenses are arranged corresponding to a plurality of pixels.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of the display device according to the present invention.

11 is a diagram showing an improved example of the display device of FIG.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view of a display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

13 (a) and 13 (b) are diagrams for explaining the principle of matching eye congestion and accommodation according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining a general relationship between eye congestion and accommodation.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1a, 1b, 1c Micro lens 2a, 2b, 2c dot 3 Front glass 4 Erect virtual image 5 Observer 11a, 11b, 11c Micro lens 12a, 12b, 12c Circular hole 13, 14 Electrode 15 Liquid crystal material 17, 19 Lens 18a to 18i Dot 20a to 20i Erect virtual image 21a to 21i Inverted real image 22 Screen 23 Layer 30 Focus variable lens 40 Layer 41 Nematic liquid crystal 42, 43 Transparent electrode

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A minute lens is provided in front of the dot for each dot composed of at least one pixel forming a two-dimensional display, and means for changing an optical path length between the minute lens and the dot. And a means for changing the substantial size of the dot according to the change of the optical path length. 2. A minute lens is provided in front of the dot for each dot formed of at least one pixel forming a two-dimensional display, and means for changing the focal length of the minute lens, and A display device further comprising means for changing the substantial size of the dots according to the change. 3. A front surface forming a two-dimensional display,
A layer having a means for changing the optical path length is provided, and at least one lens acting on the entire surface of the display is provided in front of the layer, and the means for changing the optical path length is
The optical path length between the lens and the dot is changed by a value close to the focal length of the lens and less than or equal to the focal length, and further, in accordance with the change of the optical path length, 2
A display device comprising means for changing the size of the screen of a three-dimensional display. 4. At least one lens that acts on the entire surface of the display is provided in front of the dots forming the two-dimensional display, and the optical path length between the lens and the dot is set to the focal length of the lens. A value that is a close value and less than or equal to the focal length, and means for changing the focal length of the lens in this range, and according to the change in the focal length,
And a means for changing the size of the screen of the two-dimensional display.