JPH049559A - Heat pump system and defrosting method of heat pump system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To accomplish a rational defrosting operation by performing a defrosting operation of a primary heat exchanger and improve the entire capability while continuing an interior heating operation by a method wherein thermal medium is circulated inversely under an operation of the first and second control valves. CONSTITUTION:During a normal heating operation, the first control valve 7 in the secondary heat exchanger 4 is opened, the second control valve 8 is closed, the first control valve 7 for the primary heat exchanger 2 and an auxiliary heat exchanger 3 is closed, the second control valve 8 is opened, thereby a thermal medium circulation system is formed and then a heating operation is carried out. In the event that the defrosting operation is carried out, the first control valve 7 of one of the primary heat exchangers 2 and 3 is opened and the second control valve 8 is closed and the thermal medium of high temperature and high pressure discharged from a compressor 1 may be fed directly into one of the primary heat exchangers 2 and 3. Under this operation, the defrosting operation can be carried out without stopping the heating operation.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] "Industrial Application Field" The present invention aims to improve capacity and streamline defrosting by connecting an auxiliary heat exchanger to the primary heat exchanger installed outside the room. The present invention relates to a heat pump system and a defrosting method for the heat pump system.

"Conventional technology" A general heat pump uses a compressor to reversibly transfer heat medium between a primary heat exchanger installed outdoors and a secondary heat exchanger connected to an indoor air conditioner. It is designed to heat or cool indoor air by circulating it through the air.

By the way, conventional air conditioners using such heat pumps have the problem of insufficient capacity in winter due to the drop in outside air temperature. type is used.

However, even with such an inverter type, the primary heat exchanger exchanges heat with the cold outside air during heating operation, so frost builds up on the primary heat exchanger and the thermal efficiency decreases. For this reason, conventional air conditioners
By temporarily operating each heat exchanger in a cooling operation, a defrosting operation is performed to raise the temperature of the downstream heat exchanger and remove frost as necessary), thereby preventing loss of thermal efficiency. 0ru.

``Problem to be solved by the invention'' However, since the above-mentioned defrosting operation temporarily stops the heating operation and performs the cooling operation, the room is cooled and indoor comfort is impaired. There were complaints that it was not possible.

The present invention was made against this background, and it is possible to perform defrosting operation of the primary heat exchanger while continuing indoor heating, thereby achieving rationalization of defrosting. Another object of the present invention is to provide a heat pump system that can improve the overall capacity and a defrosting method for the heat pump system.

"Means for Solving the Problems" In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a connection between the primary heat exchanger installed outdoors and the pressure *ii* discharge piping via the respective first control valves. One end of the heat exchanger is connected to one end of an auxiliary heat exchanger that is installed outdoors and performs heat exchange with the outside air, and one end of a secondary heat exchanger that is connected to an air conditioner in the room.
The other end of each of these heat exchangers is connected to a flow divider that divides the heat medium from the primary side to the secondary side via an expansion valve, and
Branch pipes each having a second control valve are branched from the pipes between each of the heat exchangers and the first control valve, and the branch pipes are connected to the suction pipe of the compressor. The heating medium is characterized in that the heating medium is reversibly circulated by operating the second control valve. .

Further, in order to achieve the same object, the present invention branches at least three or more connecting pipes in which a first control valve, a heat exchanger, and an expansion valve are connected in series from the discharge pipe of the compressor,
The expansion valve side of these connecting pipes is connected to a flow divider, and a branch pipe having a second control valve is connected between the first control valve of each of the connecting pipes and the heat exchanger. is connected to the suction pipe of the compressor, two of the heat exchangers are installed outdoors to exchange heat with the outside air, and the remaining heat exchanger is connected to the indoor air conditioner. It is characterized by being connected to the air conditioner to exchange heat with the indoor air.

In addition, as a defrosting method for such a heat system,
to the discharge piping of the compressor through respective first control valves,
One end of the primary heat exchanger installed outdoors, one end of the auxiliary heat exchanger installed outdoors that exchanges heat with outside air, and the secondary heat exchanger connected to the room air conditioner. The other end of each heat exchanger is connected to a flow divider that divides the heat medium from the primary side to the secondary side via an expansion valve, and the heat exchanger and the first control branch pipes each having a second control valve are branched from the pipes between the valves, and the branch pipes are connected to the suction pipe of the compressor;
The first tube installed in the piping of the primary heat exchanger installed outdoors.
an operator who opens a control valve and closes a second control valve; and an operator who opens a first control valve and closes a second control valve provided in the piping of the auxiliary heat exchanger installed outdoors. It is preferable to defrost the heat exchanger by selecting .

"Operation" According to the above configuration, during normal heating, the first control valve of the secondary heat exchanger is opened, the second control valve is closed, and the secondary heat exchanger and auxiliary heat exchanger are closed. By closing the first control valve of the compressor and opening the second control valve, a heat medium circulation system is formed, and the high temperature and high pressure heat medium leaving the compressor is transferred to the secondary side heat exchanger, that is, indoors. The indoor air is heated by passing through a heat exchanger connected to the air conditioner, and after passing through an expansion valve, it passes through two heat exchangers on the next side to exchange heat with outside air. It will be done.

When defrosting operation is performed, the first control valve on either side of the heat exchanger on the negative side is opened and the second control valve is closed to remove the high temperature and high pressure discharged from the compressor. Defrosting is performed by directly flowing the heat medium into the next heat exchanger.

Note that when using this heat pump system to cool a room, the control valve may be opened and closed in the opposite direction to heating.

"Example" Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the entire system of the first embodiment according to the present invention, and this system includes a compressor 1, a plurality of heat exchangers 2.3.4, an expansion valve 5, and a flow divider 6, and first and second control valves 7.8, the first control valve 7, the heat exchanger 4, and the expansion valve 5 are connected in series to the discharge pipe 1a of the compressor 1. While connecting multiple connecting pipes A,
The expansion valve 5 side of these connecting pipes A is connected to a flow divider 6, and the first control valve 7 of each connecting pipe A and the heat exchanger 2.
The basic configuration is such that a branch pipe B provided with a second control valve 8 is branched from between 3.4 and connected to the suction pipe 1b of the compressor 1.

In the present invention, among the heat exchangers 2.3.4, the heat exchangers 2.3 are each installed outdoors to constitute a primary side heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger 4 is It fits into an indoor air conditioner and forms a secondary heat exchanger.

Next, the main components of this system will be explained in detail. First, the compressor 1 compresses the heat medium and pumps it in the direction of the arrow from the top to the bottom in FIG. 1. The heat medium from this compressor 1 is selectively and reversibly circulated between the heat exchangers 2.3.4 by associated switching of the first and second control valves 7.8. . The configuration is that the circulation is reversible between the secondary side heat exchanger 2.3 and the secondary side heat exchanger 4, or that it is circulated reversibly between the secondary side heat exchanger 2.3 and the secondary side heat exchanger 2.3. It is configured to selectively circulate between the other one and the secondary heat exchanger 4.

Such a mode is switched depending on the period of the cooling/heating period and the period of the defrosting operation.

Next, to explain the downstream heat exchangers 2.3, these heat exchangers 2.3 are installed outdoors and exchange heat between the heat medium passing through them and the outside air. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the heat exchanger 2 is the main outdoor unit of an existing air conditioner, and the heat exchanger 3 is connected to the main outdoor unit constituting the heat exchanger 2. It has become.

The heat exchanger 3 is an auxiliary heat exchanger installed for the purpose of supplementing the capacity of the heat exchanger 2 built into the main unit.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, a finned heat medium pipe 3a, a fan device 3b, and a cover 3 surrounding these
It is mainly composed of c.

The configuration of the heat exchanger 2.3 on the next side is the same as that of the second heat exchanger 2.3.
The heat exchanger 2.3 is not limited to the one shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 3, and as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. heat exchanger 1
It can also be set to 0.11.

Further, the specific configuration of the heat exchanger 3 is not limited to that shown in FIG. In this case, there is an advantage that the heat exchanger 3 can be easily installed at a location such as on a roof.

Furthermore, as such an auxiliary heat exchanger 3, one for a water heat source may be applied, and in this case, there is an advantage that thermal efficiency can be increased by using it together with a heat storage tank. Therefore, the heat pump system of the present invention has the advantage of being able to use multiple heat sources.

Note that if the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 is equipped with a fan and is placed under the floor, there is an advantage that it can also be used for ventilation under the floor.

The secondary heat exchanger 4 is housed in a room air conditioner 15, and inside the air conditioner, heat exchange is performed between the heat medium passing through the heat exchanger 4 and the indoor air. It is something.

Note that this heat exchanger 4 is small as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 1, and more can be connected depending on the air conditioning in the building.

The expansion valve 5 is an electronic type 11, which has the effect of lowering the pressure of the heat medium that has passed through the downstream heat exchanger 4 through a narrow passage, and gradually opens the valve automatically. It is now possible to adjust the degree.

One end of each connecting pipe A is connected to the flow divider 6, and -
The structure is such that the heat medium that has passed through the heat exchanger on the next side flows toward the heat exchanger on the secondary side.

In addition, as control force 7.8, the opening and closing of a pure route (ON-
An on-off valve that turns OFF''l may be used, or a flow rate control valve that can continuously change the valve opening degree may be used.

Next, each circulation system of the heat medium will be explained along with its operation according to the time when each circulation system is formed.

First, during normal heating, the first control valve 7 of the secondary heat exchanger 4 is opened, the second control valve 8 is closed, and the secondary heat exchanger 2 and auxiliary heat exchanger 3 are closed. By closing the first control valve 7 and opening the second control valve 8, a circulation system for the heat medium is formed and heating operation is performed. That is, the high-temperature, high-pressure heat medium leaving the compressor 1 passes through the next heat exchanger 4 , that is, the heat exchanger 44 housed in the indoor air conditioner 15 , heats the indoor air, and operates the expansion valve 5 . After passing through, it passes through two heat exchangers 2.3 on the next side to exchange heat with the outside air, and then flows to the compressor and circulates.

When defrosting operation is performed, either of the heat exchangers 2.3 on the negative side opens the first control valve 7 and closes the second control valve 8, thereby shutting down the compressor 1. The discharged high-temperature, high-pressure heat medium may directly flow into the next-side heat exchanger 2.3. This operation allows defrosting without stopping heating operation.

When using this heat pump system to cool a room, open and close the control valve in the opposite direction to heating.
Cooling operation can be performed by forming a reverse circulation system).

According to the embodiment, by operating the first and second control valves 7.8, defrosting operation can be easily performed even during heating operation, and the two primary side heat exchangers can absorb By increasing the amount of heat generated, the capacity of the heat pump system can be improved, which has various effects such as improving initial start-up and improving the efficiency of defrosting.

Moreover, by separating the downstream heat exchanger 2.3 into two, there is an advantage that the installation of the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 is not restricted and can be installed at an optimal location.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the entire system showing the second embodiment of the present invention, and this system is basically the same as the system shown in FIG. 1, etc., but in this case, The basic structure is that a water heat exchanger 3A is separately provided as an auxiliary heat exchanger in addition to the air heat exchanger, and a check valve 20 is further provided in the middle of the branch pipe B of the indoor heat exchanger 4. .

Note that even with such a configuration, substantially the same effects as those of the above-described embodiment can be achieved.

Further, FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of a system showing a third embodiment of the present invention, and this system is basically the same as the system shown in FIG. 1 etc., but in this case, As an auxiliary heat exchanger, a water heat exchanger 3A is separately provided in addition to the air heat exchanger, and the branch pipes B of the indoor heat exchanger 4 are combined into one, and a second heat exchanger installed in this branch pipe B is installed. The control valve 8 allows valve operation of the entire secondary side heat exchanger 4.

Note that even with such a configuration, substantially the same effects as those of the above-described embodiment can be achieved.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the number of heat exchangers and the like can be changed as appropriate based on the design requirements.

"Effects of the Invention" As explained above, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be achieved.

(1) The first bomb system according to claim 1 is configured to connect one end of a primary heat exchanger installed outdoors and one end of a primary heat exchanger installed outdoors to the discharge piping of the compressor via the first control valve, respectively. and one end of an auxiliary heat exchanger that exchanges heat with outside air;
One end of the secondary heat exchanger connected to the room air conditioner is connected, and the other end of each heat exchanger is connected to a flow divider that divides the heat medium from the primary side to the secondary side via an expansion valve. At the same time, a branch pipe provided with a second control valve is branched from the pipe between each heat exchanger and the first control valve, and the branch pipe is connected to a suction pipe of the compressor. The heating medium is characterized in that the heating medium is reversibly circulated by operating the first and second control valves. Defrosting operation can be performed while operation continues, and the capacity of the entire heat pump system can be improved.

(2) In the heat pump system according to claim 2, at least three connecting pipes in which the first control valve, the heat exchanger, and the expansion valve are connected in series are branched from the discharge pipe of the compressor. The expansion valve side of the connecting pipe is connected to a flow divider, and a branch pipe having a second control valve is connected between the first control valve of each of the connecting pipes and the heat exchanger, and these branch pipes are connected to the compressor. Two of the heat exchangers are installed outdoors to exchange heat with the outside air, and the remaining heat exchanger is connected to the indoor air conditioner. Since the present invention is characterized in that heat exchange is performed between the air and the indoor air, it is possible to achieve the same object as the one-to-bomb system according to claim 1.

(3) In the defrosting method according to claim 3, one end of a primary heat exchanger installed outdoors and one end of a primary heat exchanger installed outdoors and one end of a primary heat exchanger installed outdoors and an outside air One end of the auxiliary heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the and connect to a flow divider that divides the heat medium from the primary side to the secondary side, and branch piping equipped with a second control valve from the piping between each heat exchanger and the first control valve. Then, connect the branch pipe to the suction pipe of the compressor, open the first control valve provided in the pipe of the primary heat exchanger installed outdoors,
An operator closes the second control valve, and an operator opens the first control valve provided in the piping of the auxiliary heat exchanger installed outdoors.
By selecting operation II to close the control valve of
Defrosting operation can be easily performed during heating operation.

In particular, in the present invention, by adopting such a defrosting mechanism, efficiency reduction due to frequent defrosting operation can be reduced in the Hokuriku region and the Sea of Japan side of the Tohoku region, which have low temperatures and high humidity, and it is possible to further popularize heat pumps. There are also effects such as being able to.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings are shown to explain the present invention in detail, and FIGS. 1 to 3 show a heat pump system according to a first embodiment, FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of the heat pump system, and FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram thereof. FIG. 3 is a front view showing the schematic configuration of the heat pump system, FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the auxiliary heat exchanger, FIG. 4 is a front view showing another structural example of the primary heat exchanger, and FIG.
The figure is a perspective view showing another structure of the primary heat exchanger, FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a heat pump system according to a second embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a heat pump system according to a third embodiment. 1... Compressor, 2.3.4... Heat exchanger, 5
...Expansion valve, 6...Flow divider, A...
・Connection piping, B...Branch piping.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) Heat is transmitted between one end of the primary heat exchanger installed outdoors and the outside air installed outdoors through the first control valves in the discharge piping of the compressor. One end of the auxiliary heat exchanger that performs the exchange is connected to one end of the secondary side heat exchanger connected to the room air conditioner, and the other end of each heat exchanger is connected from the primary side to the secondary side through an expansion valve. In addition to connecting to a flow divider that diverts the heat medium to the next side, branch pipes each having a second control valve are branched from the pipes between each of the heat exchangers and the first control valve. A heat pump system comprising a pipe connected to a suction pipe of a compressor, and a heat medium reversibly circulated by operating first and second control valves. 2) From the discharge pipe of the compressor, branch at least three connecting pipes in which a first control valve, a heat exchanger, and an expansion valve are connected in series, and connect the expansion valve side of these connecting pipes to a flow divider. Further, branch pipes each having a second control valve are connected between the first control valve of each of the connecting pipes and the heat exchanger, and these branch pipes are connected to the suction pipe of the compressor, Two of the heat exchangers are installed outdoors to exchange heat with the outside air, and the remaining heat exchanger is connected to the indoor air conditioner to exchange heat with the indoor air. A heat pump system characterized by: 3) An auxiliary heat exchanger that exchanges heat between one end of the primary heat exchanger installed outdoors and the outside air installed in the discharge piping of the compressor via the respective first control valves. One end of the heat exchanger is connected to one end of a secondary heat exchanger connected to the room air conditioner, and the heat medium is passed from the primary side to the secondary side through the other end of each heat exchanger through an expansion valve. At the same time, the branch pipes each having a second control valve are branched from the pipes between each of the heat exchangers and the first control valve, and the branch pipes are connected to the inlet of the compressor. The first heat exchanger is connected to the piping, and the first heat exchanger is installed outdoors.
Operation I to open the control valve and close the second control valve, and operation II to open the first control valve and close the second control valve provided in the piping of the auxiliary heat exchanger installed outdoors. A defrosting method for a heat pump system, characterized in that a heat exchanger is defrosted by selecting and.