JPH03230060A - Heat pump type air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve a defrosting capability by a method wherein the first bypassing circuit for bypassing a pipe extending from an outdoor heat exchanger to a compressor through a four-way valve and the second bypassing circuit connected at one end to a piping for the four-way valve from a discharging side of the compressor and at the other end to the pipe from the pressure reducing device to the outdoor heat exchanger are provided and then the first bypassing circuit and a heat accumulation tank are connected to each other in a heat exchanging manner. CONSTITUTION:The first bypassing circuit 6 for bypassing a part of a pipe ranging from a four-way valve 2 to a compressor 1 is provided with a three-way valve 7, a check valve 8 and a heat exchanger 9. A heat accumulation tank 10 is arranged around the compressor 1, latent heat accumulation material 11 is filled in it and a heat exchanger 9 is arranged in such a way as it can be heat exchanged with the thermal accumulation material 11. The second bypassing circuit 12 connected at one end to a pipe ranging from a discharging side of the compressor 1 to the four-way valve 2 and at the other end to a pipe ranging from a capillary tube 4 to the putdoor heat exchanger 5 is provided with a two-way valve 13 and a check valve 14. In defrosting operation the three-way valve 7 on the first valve circuit 6 side and the two-way valve 13 are opened. A part of the coolant fed from the compressor 1 is flowed to the second bypassing circuit 12 and the outdoor heat exchanger 5 so as to perform a defrosting operation. Heat radiated from the compressor 1 can be recovered and utilized for a defrosting operation, so that an energy efficiency can be improved.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Field of Application The present invention relates to a heat pump type air conditioner using heat storage.Prior art Technique Conventional method for defrosting an outdoor heat exchanger of an air source heat pump type air conditioner (The majority of defrosting systems use a reverse cycle defrosting system in which a four-way valve is switched to create a cooling cycle, an outdoor heat exchanger is used as a condenser, and an indoor heat exchanger is used as an evaporator. At this time, the indoor fan is stopped to prevent cold drafts.) In this method, 4
1 Basically, the amount of refrigerant circulating during the refrigeration cycle is small and it is not possible to expect much increase in the electrical input to the compressor, so defrosting time will be longer, and the indoor fan will stop for several minutes during defrosting, resulting in a feeling of heating. From the user's point of view, comfort is impaired due to a lack of defrosting operation, and it takes time for the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger to rise after switching the four-way valve of the defrosting operation and returning to heating operation. In place of the reverse cycle defrosting system, which has these drawbacks, a heat storage tank filled with heat storage material is installed around the compressor, and waste heat from the compressor is stored in this heat storage tank during heating. A defrosting method that utilizes this heat during defrosting has been proposed (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 169457/1983). The conventional heat pump air conditioner will be explained below with reference to the drawings. Figure 3 is a diagram of the refrigeration cycle in the conventional heat pump air conditioner.
is compression a, 2 is a four-way valve, 3 is an indoor heat exchanger, 4 is a capillary tube, 5 is an outdoor heat exchanger, and 15
is a bypass circuit that bypasses the capillary tube 4, and this bypass circuit 15 includes a two-way valve 1a and a check valve 1.
7. A heat exchanger 9 is provided. A heat storage tank 10 is disposed around the compressor 1 in contact with the compressor 1 to enable heat exchange, and contains a latent heat storage material (NaCHs) inside.
-COo.3HeO) II, and the heat exchanger 9 is disposed so as to be able to exchange heat with the heat storage material 11, and the refrigeration cycle of the potato is further surrounded by a heat insulating material 18. , two-way valve 1 is turned off during heating operation.
6 is in a closed state, and the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is shown in Table 1. Four-way valve 2, indoor heat exchanger 3, capillary tube 4,
Even if the heat is drawn into the outdoor heat exchanger 5, the four-way valve 2, and the flow compressor 1, the above-mentioned structure makes it possible to store the heat, which was conventionally radiated from the compressor 1 to the outside air, in the heat storage tank 10. Also, the three-way valve 16 is opened during defrosting operation.
As a result, the refrigerant C discharged from the compressor 1 flows to the four-way valve 2 and the indoor heat exchanger 3. After being used for heating, a small amount of the refrigerant flows through the capillary tube 4 to the outdoor heat exchanger 5. Most of the refrigerant is in the bypass circuit 15.
It flows into the heat exchanger 9 through the two-way valve 16 and removes heat from the heat storage material 11.1. % After passing through the check valve 17, it joins with the refrigerant that has passed through the capillary tube 4 and flows to the outdoor heat exchanger 5.Here, defrosting is performed using the heat of the refrigerant.1. (Furthermore, it passes through the four-way valve 2 and the compressor l
In this way, the heat that was previously radiated from the JQ compressor to the outside air can be recovered and used for defrosting, increasing energy efficiency and defrosting while maintaining high heating capacity. However, the above-mentioned conventional heat pump type air conditioners have the following problems: When defrosting the board, most of the refrigerant is transferred from the indoor heat exchanger 3. The gas flows into the bypass circuit 15, takes heat from the heat storage material 11 in the heat exchanger 9 in the heat storage tank 10, and becomes a high-temperature superheated gas, so the pressure loss in the heat exchanger 9 is large. In the case of a so-called separate type heat pump air conditioner, which is installed separately from the heat exchanger and connected with connection piping (indoor heat exchanger 3
In addition to the pressure loss in the connecting pipe connecting the and capillary tubes 4, the refrigerant pressure at the inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 becomes lower, so the temperature difference between the frost and the refrigerant becomes smaller, and the defrosting capacity is not very large. However, it is difficult to shorten the defrosting time, especially when defrosting is performed when there is not much heat stored in the heat storage tank or when there is a large amount of frost. If the stored heat is used up during defrosting, there is a risk that complete defrosting will not be possible. Also, during defrosting, the refrigerant turns into high-temperature superheated gas at the inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 5. Therefore, the pressure loss when passing through the outdoor heat exchanger 5 is also large.
This is also a cause of deterioration of the defrosting ability. In view of the above problem, the present invention is a refrigeration cycle with a simple configuration that utilizes heat storage, and by completing defrosting in an extremely short time, the heating section and the defrosting section can be separated. Even if the purpose is to increase the integrated heating capacity (hereinafter referred to as integrated heating capacity), the present invention may also be used to defrost when there is not much heat stored in the heat storage tank. The purpose is to be able to completely defrost even if the heat stored in the process is used up.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the heat pump type air conditioner ζ of the present invention includes a compressor, a four-way valve, an indoor heat exchanger, and a pressure reducer.
A refrigerant circuit is constructed by connecting an outdoor heat exchanger, etc., and a heat storage tank filled with a heat storage material is disposed around the compressor so as to exchange heat with the compressor, and the four-way valve is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger. a first bypassing part of the piping leading to the compressor via the
a bypass circuit and a second bypass having one end connected to a pipe leading from the discharge side of the compressor to the indoor heat exchanger via the four-way valve and the other end connected to a pipe leading from the pressure reducer to the outdoor heat exchanger; A refrigerant flow path between the first bypass circuit and a part of the piping from the outdoor heat exchanger to the compressor via the four-way valve can be switched. The first bypass circuit and the heat storage tank are connected in a heat exchange manner, and the first bypass circuit and the heat storage tank are connected in a heat exchange manner. Through the above means, the invention has the following effects. In other words, a heat storage tank filled with heat storage material inside is arranged around the compressor for heat exchange with the compressor, and a part of the piping from the outdoor heat exchanger to the compressor via the four-way valve is bypassed. 1 bypass circuit and a 2nd bypass circuit with one end connected to the piping from the discharge side of the compressor to the indoor heat exchanger via a four-way valve, and the other end connected to the piping from the pressure reducer to the outdoor heat exchanger. By connecting the first bypass circuit and the heat storage tank in a heat exchange manner, hot gas discharged from the compressor during defrosting can be guided to the outdoor heat exchanger, and the pressure of the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger can be lowered than before. Therefore, the waste heat of the compressor can be stored during heating, and this stored heat can be used during defrosting. It is possible to improve the cumulative heating capacity by finishing defrosting in a very short time and heating again. If the heat stored during frosting is used up, complete defrosting may not be possible.Example: An example of the present invention will be described below with reference to Figures 1 and 2. In describing this embodiment, parts having the same functions as those of the conventional system shown in FIG. 3 are given the same numbers and their explanations will be omitted. First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 shows a refrigeration cycle doctor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
The figure is a schematic cross-sectional view of the area around the compressor in FIG.
The bypass circuit 6 is equipped with a three-way valve 7, a check valve 8, and a heat exchanger 9.
0 is disposed around the compressor 1 in contact with the compressor 1 for heat exchange, and contains latent heat storage material (NaCHs, COo, 3H) inside.
aO) 11 is filled, and even if the heat exchanger 9 is installed to enable heat exchange with the heat storage material 11, the indoor heat source 12 is supplied from the discharge side of the compressor 1 via the four-way valve 2. This is a second bypass circuit in which one end is connected to the pipe leading to the exchanger 3 and the other end is connected to the pipe leading from the capillary tube 4 to the outdoor heat exchanger 5. Even if the stop valve I4 is provided, in this refrigeration cycle, the first bypass circuit 6 side of the three-way valve 7 and the two-way valve 13 are closed during heating operation, and the refrigerant discharged from the compressor ■ flows through the four-way valve 2. , the indoor heat exchanger 3, the capillary tube 4, the outdoor heat exchanger 5, the four-way valve 2, and the flow. It is possible to store heat in the heat storage tank 10. During defrosting operation, the three-way valve 7
The first bypass circuit 6 side and the two-way valve 13 are opened.
As a result, a part of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is transferred to the second
The remaining refrigerant flows to the four-way valve 2 and the indoor heat exchanger 3 and is used for heating.The remaining refrigerant flows through the capillary tube 4 and joins with the refrigerant that has passed through the second bypass circuit 12 for outdoor heat exchange. The heat of the refrigerant is used to defrost the coolant.After passing through the four-way valve 2, it flows into the first bypass circuit 6 through the three-way valve 7, and flows to the heat exchanger 9, where it stores heat. Even if heat is taken away from the material 11 and sucked into the compressor 1, the heat that was conventionally radiated to the outside air from the compressor can be recovered and used for defrosting, increasing energy efficiency. By providing the second bypass circuit 12, hot gas discharged from the compressor 1 during defrosting can be guided to the outdoor heat exchanger 5, and the pressure of the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 5 can be maintained higher than before. As a result, the pressure of the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 5 can be maintained higher than before, which increases the difference between the saturation temperature of the refrigerant and the frost temperature, increasing the defrosting ability and defrosting in an extremely short time. can finish. In addition, when defrosting is performed when there is not much heat stored in the heat storage tank, or when the amount of frost is large and the stored heat is used up during defrosting, the refrigerant flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 5. Since the saturation temperature of the frost can be kept higher than the frost temperature, complete defrosting can be achieved. As for the compressor 1 shown in the embodiment, it may be of a fixed capacity or a variable capacity type, such as a variable frequency compressor using an inverter.In this case, when defrosting By operating at a high capacity, the defrosting time can be further shortened.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the heat storage tank 10 is attached around the compressor 1. A part of the outer peripheral surface of the compressor 1 may be used as a part of the heat storage tank.Also, instead of the capillary tube 4 shown in the above embodiment, a variable throttle such as an electric expansion valve driven by a stepping motor or the like may be used. Temoyo Sei
In this case, by fully opening the electric expansion valve during defrosting, the refrigerant will not accumulate in the indoor heat exchanger 3, and the defrosting time can be shortened.
Even if an auxiliary pressure reducer such as a capillary tube is installed in the second bypass circuit 12 to adjust the refrigerant circulation amount, the
In the above embodiment, the refrigerant flow path of the second bypass circuit 12 is switched using the three-way valve 7, but other methods such as a combination of a two-way valve and a force-operated valve may be used.u% Effect of the invention From the above embodiment As is clear, the present invention (component) is characterized in that a heat storage tank filled with a heat storage material inside is disposed around a compressor in a heat exchange manner with the compressor, and piping runs from an outdoor heat exchanger to the compressor via the four-way valve. The first bypass circuit bypasses a part of the compressor, and one end is connected to the pipe leading from the discharge side of the compressor to the indoor heat exchanger via a four-way valve, and the other end is connected to the pipe leading from the pressure reducer to the outdoor heat exchanger. By connecting the first bypass circuit and the heat storage tank in a heat exchange manner, the hot gas discharged from the compressor during defrosting is guided to the outdoor heat exchanger and flows into the outdoor heat exchanger. Since the pressure of the refrigerant used for heating can be maintained higher than before, the defrosting capacity can be increased. By using this stored heat during frost, it is possible to finish defrosting in an extremely short time and start heating again, thereby increasing the cumulative heating capacity. However, if there is a large amount of frost and the stored heat is used up during defrosting, it may not be possible to completely defrost the air. Although it is possible to significantly improve

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 shows a refrigeration cycle diagram of a heat pump air conditioner showing an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 shows a schematic cross-section around the compressor of the same heat pump air conditioner. Fig. 3 shows a conventional heat pump air conditioner. It is a refrigeration cycle diagram. 1... Compression@2... Four-way valve, 3... Indoor heat exchanger 4... Capillary tube (pressure reducer),
5... Outdoor heat exchanger 6... First bypass circuit 7... Three-way valve (flow path control means), 9...
Heat exchanger 10... Heat storage [11... Heat storage material, 12
...Second bypass circuit 13...Two-way valve (flow path control means).

Claims (1)

[Claims] A refrigerant circuit is constructed by connecting a compressor, a four-way valve, an indoor heat exchanger, a pressure reducer, an outdoor heat exchanger, etc., and a heat storage tank filled with a heat storage material is placed around the compressor to connect the compressor and the heat exchanger. a first bypass circuit which is arranged in an exchange manner and bypasses a part of the piping from the outdoor heat exchanger to the compressor via the four-way valve; A second bypass circuit is provided, one end of which is connected to the piping leading to the indoor heat exchanger, and the other end connected to the piping leading from the pressure reducer to the outdoor heat exchanger. The refrigerant flow path with a part of the piping leading to the compressor can be switched via a four-way valve, or the first
The refrigerant flow path of the bypass circuit can be opened and closed, and the second
A heat pump type air conditioner having a flow path control means for opening and closing a refrigerant flow path of a bypass circuit, and connecting the first bypass circuit and the heat storage tank for heat exchange.