JPH0489352A - Production of pottery product - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a pottery product having satisfactory extrudability and giving a long-sized board or a board having a deformed cross-section with high accuracy by mixing cement with specified inorg. powder, powder of crushed soft glass, a thickener and water and carrying out molding, hardening by hydration and firing. CONSTITUTION:A mixture consisting essentially of cement, inorg. powder contg. >=50% glass, powder of crushed soft glass, a thickener and 10-20wt.% water basing on the amt. of the mixture is extrusion-molded, hardened by hydration and fired at >=1,000 deg.C to obtain a desired pottery product. Since the soft glass powder and the inorg. powder contg. >=50% glass are used as binders for firing, firing at >=1,000 deg.C can be carried out, prescribed strength is obtd. without requiring steam curing or curing in an autoclave or water and high productivity is attained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to ceramic products used for interior and exterior finishing, and to a method for manufacturing them.

(Prior Art and Its Disadvantages) -GLI Otoko ceramic products are widely used for interior and exterior finishing because of their durability. However, since it is mainly composed of clay, its strength before firing is low, and its drying shrinkage and deformation during firing are large, making it impossible to produce large elongated plates or molded products with irregular cross-sectional shapes with high dimensional accuracy.

To this end, a method for manufacturing ceramic products has been invented in which a hydraulic substance such as cement is mixed, hydrated and hardened, and then fired. As shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6,144,829, this is a mixture of a hydraulic substance, a flux that accumulates at temperatures below 900 degrees Celsius, and water, which is fired at temperatures below 1000 degrees Celsius, and then hardened by hydration. The above-mentioned hydraulic substances include limestone, which does not harden before firing but hardens by hydration after firing;
Slag that hardens by hydration before firing but does not harden by hydration after firing,
Hydration aids such as lime are disclosed, and whitebait, volcanic ash, and glass powder are also described for slacks.

On the other hand, Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-9556 describes that the surface of a base material formed from a hydraulic substance such as cement is coated with oil and fired at a temperature of 770 degrees Celsius or higher.

However, the above-mentioned prior art requires a step of rehydration hardening after firing, such as steam curing, autoclaving, or water curing for 1 to 28 days.

In addition, if the glaze cannot be made with a glaze material that has a firing temperature of 1000 degrees C or less, the types that can be applied will be limited, making it impossible to create the pongee-like decoration that is unique to ceramics, and increasing the price. There was a drawback.

However, in the above prior art, the suitability for extrusion molding +m
Extrusion molding is used to form elongated plates or plates with irregular cross-sections, which are not shown.

At that time, it is generally necessary to mix 25% by weight or more of water in the mixture of cement and inorganic powder to prevent it from colliding with the extrusion mold.

However, the inventor's research has shown that when there is a large amount of excess moisture, drying shrinkage and voids occur during sintering, which tends to cause warping, deformation, and cracks, and also causes mutual destruction of cement crystal grains, reducing strength. It had the disadvantage of being small.

(Objective of the present invention) The present invention was made to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, and has good extrusion suitability for obtaining long plates or plate-like bodies with irregular cross-sectional shapes, and does not require rehydration curing after firing. The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing ceramic products that have a predetermined strength, can be fired at high temperatures, and have little shrinkage.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention provides, as a means for solving the problems, in the first claim, A cement mixture containing a sticky agent and 10 to 20% by weight of water based on the weight of the entire mixture is extruded, and after curing by hydration,
It is fired at over 1000 degrees Celsius.

In the second claim, (1) After hydration and hardening, a glaze material is applied before firing, and the glaze is fired at a temperature of 1000 degrees Celsius or higher.

A technical method is used.

In the third claim, ■ embossed lint 17 on the surface of the extruded set.
After being hydrated and hardened, it is fired at a temperature of 1000 degrees C or higher.

In the fourth claim, ■ extruded sardines & embossed sardines on the surface.
After hydration and hardening, the glaze material is applied before firing, and fired at a temperature of 100 degrees C or higher.

The fBj means is adopted.

(Function) With the above configuration, ■ The presence of soft glass powder improves the slipperiness with the mold, and the addition of a thickener imparts plasticity.
Good extrusion suitability is obtained.

■Good shape retention after extrusion molding, less likely to sag or deform.

■Since soft glass and inorganic powder containing more than 50% glass are used as the binder during firing, it can be fired at temperatures exceeding 1000 degrees C, and the specified strength can be achieved without steam curing, autoclaving, or water curing after firing. occurs.

■ Firing In particular, there is little volatilized moisture, and combined with the fusion of soft glass, there is little shrinkage or gap during firing.

In the second claim, (1) there is little shrinkage during firing, so even if the glaze raw material is oriented and fired, the adhesion is good and cracks are less likely to occur;

■ Glazes that are fired at high temperatures can be used.

In the third aspect, (1) good shape retention after extrusion molding allows the shape to be maintained when the surface is embossed.

In the fourth aspect, (1) the surface of the extrusion door tip can be mechanically measured, and the raw material for the glaze to be fired at a high temperature can be applied thereon.

There is this effect.

(Structure of the invention) The configuration of the present invention will be described below.

The cement used in the first claim includes Portland cement, alumina cement, fly ash cement, etc.
Inorganic powder containing 10 to 50% by weight of the entire mixture and containing 50% or more of glass refers to natural inorganic substances and inorganic waste materials such as whitebait, flint, fly ash, slag, etc. ~70% by weight.

This contributes to the appearance of bow button widening when fired at 1000 degrees C or higher, and does not require rehydration hardening.

Note that inorganic materials such as silica, kaolin, and talc that have a glassy content of less than 50% are less likely to cause fusion during firing.

Soft glass crushed powder is crushed alkali glass such as plate glass and glass bottles, and the particle size is less than 500 μm, preferably 50 μm.
2 to 40% by weight of the entire mixture
Add.

During extrusion molding, the presence of this soft glass powder creates slipperiness between the cement mixture and the inner surface of the mold, and the cement mixture, which conventionally had a low moisture content and was difficult to mold in the mold, can be easily extruded.

In addition, soft glass powder softens at about 700 degrees Celsius, and
When the temperature exceeds 000 degrees Celsius, the viscosity becomes 10-5 voices or less, and it is sufficiently dispersed between cement and inorganic powder, and exhibits homogeneous strength and dimensional stability when fired.

Note that in this application, since the firing temperature is 1000 degrees C or higher, commonly used such as CaNO3, KNol
, NaCo3 or the like is necessary, but is preferable since it does not adversely affect the thickening effect of methylcellulose, etc., which will be described later.

Thickeners for improving plasticity and shape retention include methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, PVA, etc., and are added in an amount of 0.2 to 2% by weight of the entire mixture.

Water is added in an amount of 10 to 20% by weight, based on the weight of the entire mixture. If it is less than 10%, extrusion is impossible, and if it exceeds 20%, it will not be possible to maintain its shape, and excessive water will evaporate during firing, causing shrinkage and cracks.

In addition, wollastonite, steel fiber, etc. may be mixed with the above mixture as reinforcing fibers, and pliable kaolinite, serpentine, talc, silica sand, gamecock, etc. may be mixed therein.

The above mixture is extruded at a pressure of, for example, 20 to 70 kg/2, and a degree of vacuum of 1 to 50 mh (approximately 1 to 50 mh), and is cured for several hours to several days.

As a result, the molded plate 4HFtlr and the deposition are not affected, and the molding plate 4HFtlr is completely cured.

After that, put it in a firing furnace and raise the maximum temperature to 1000 degrees C or more.
It is preferably obtained by firing at 1,000 to 1,300 degrees Celsius for 10 minutes to several hours.

Appropriate temperature raising and cooling steps are performed before and after the above-mentioned firing.

It should be noted that while conventional ceramic products had a shrinkage of 10 to 15%, the shrinkage of the present invention was in the range of 1 to 4%, indicating that the dimensional stability during firing was improved.

In the second claim, after the above-mentioned hydration hardening, a glaze raw material is applied by spraying or the like, and then fired at a temperature of 1000 degrees C or higher.

The above-mentioned glaze raw materials are fired at temperatures above 1000 degrees Celsius, so those commonly used for conventional ceramic products such as tiles can be used, and it is possible to create a wide variety of decorations such as porcelain and shading patterns.

In addition, as mentioned above, the shrinkage of the base material due to firing is small, so the glaze adheres well and cracks are less likely to occur, and the gloss, surface hardness, and stain resistance are good.

In the third claim, the surface of the extruded material is subjected to roughening such as embossing or cutting, and after being hydrated and hardened, it is fired at 1000 degrees Celsius or higher.

A mold roll or mold belt is provided near the mouth of the extrusion molding machine, and the surface of the extruded uncured plate is embossed, the pattern is engraved, and the surface is cut with a router or saw on the feed conveyor. etc., and create decorative joints such as lattices and stripes.

In the fourth claim, embossed on the surface of the extruded door 1 + JJM 1
After hydration and hardening, glaze raw materials are applied before firing, and fired at over 1000 degrees Celsius.

This makes it possible to maximize the advantages of long boards and boards with irregular cross-sectional shapes, which can create a three-dimensional appearance and produce tile panels with a large number of pseudo-joints at once.

(Example) Examples will be described below.

Example 1 24 parts of cement, 24 parts of anti-firestone, 12 parts of crushed soft glass powder, 1 part of methylcellulose, 6 parts of chamotte, 6 parts of wollastonite, 12 parts of crushed sand, and 15% by weight of water were mixed and molded in the longitudinal direction of the material using a vacuum extrusion molding machine. After forming a long plate with hollow holes and leaving it indoors for a day to achieve hydration, the temperature was raised at 500 degrees C/hour and fired at a maximum temperature of 1180 degrees C for 30 minutes to form a ceramic plate. Obtained.

The above mixture has good shape retention during extrusion molding, can be transported after hydration hardening, and has a shrinkage rate of 2 during drying due to baking.
．． At 5 to 4%, no warpage or cracks were observed.

It was found that the bending strength of the plate after firing was 292 kg/cn'' on average, which was the strength of the inner/outer device ± the strength as a raised material.

Example 2 26% of cement, 32% of whitebait, 6% of crushed soft glass powder, 1% of methyl cellulose, 6% of chamotte, 7% of wollastonite, 6% of crushed sand, and 16% of water were mixed, and in a vacuum extrusion molding machine,
A long plate with hollow holes in the longitudinal direction of the material is formed, and after being left indoors for a day to create a hydration effect, it is glazed and heated at a rate of 500 degrees C/hour, reaching a maximum temperature of 1170 degrees C. 30 volumes were fired to obtain a ceramic plate.

This was extrudable and could be transported after hydration hardening, and the drying shrinkage due to baking was 1.8 to 267%, and no cracks were observed in the directional plane.

The bending of the board after firing was 197 kg/2 on average, indicating that it has sufficient strength as an interior and exterior finishing material.

Example 3 The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that immediately after extrusion molding, grid-like depressions were formed at 10 am intervals using a router.

It was found that grid-like straight lines could be formed with high precision after firing, and that it was suitable for surface 100%.

Example 4 The same procedure as in Example 3 was followed except that the glaze raw material was sprayed and fired after the coating.

It was found that a long plate having a tile panel-like appearance with a slight gloss can be formed with high precision.

(Effects of the present invention) As mentioned above, the presence of soft glass powder improves the slipperiness between the mixture and the mold, and the addition of a thickener imparts plasticity, resulting in good extrusion suitability. , deep shape strength after extrusion molding), and does not easily cause sag or deformation, so long plates and plates with irregular cross-sections can be obtained with high accuracy.

In addition, since soft glass and inorganic powder containing 50% or more of glass are used as the baking binder, it can be baked at temperatures exceeding 1000 degrees, and the specified strength can be achieved without steam curing, autoclave, or water curing after baking. , good productivity.

Furthermore, less water vaporizes during firing, and combined with the fusion of soft glass, there is less shrinkage and gaps during firing, less warping and cracking, good dimensional accuracy in appearance, and predetermined strength.

In the second claim, since there is little shrinkage during firing, the glaze surface can be formed with good adhesion and cracks are less likely to occur, and since it is possible to use a glaze that is fired at a high temperature, it is possible to create a pongee style with a rich variety of cosmetic properties. Appearance is obtained.

Since the shape retention property of the first part is good after extrusion molding, when the surface is embossed, the shape can be maintained and a design with a rich three-dimensional effect can be obtained.

In the fourth claim, extrusion fMf&, machining the surface,
Since the glaze raw material can be directed on top of it, 3D 1 is made by Udehara Pageno, Daiken Gyokugyo Co., Ltd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) Extrusion molding of a cement mixture containing cement, inorganic powder containing 50% or more of glass, soft crushed glass powder, thickener, and 10 to 20% by weight of water based on the entire mixture as essential components. , a method for producing ceramic products by firing at 1000 degrees C or higher after hydration hardening. (2) Extrusion molding of a cement mixture that contains cement, an inorganic powder containing 50% or more of glass, a soft crushed glass powder, a thickener, and 10 to 20% water by weight based on the entire mixture as essential components. , After hydration and hardening, apply the glaze raw material, 10
A method for producing ceramic products fired at temperatures above 00 degrees C. (3) Extrusion molding of a cement mixture containing cement, an inorganic powder containing 50% or more of glass, a soft crushed glass powder, a thickener, and 10 to 20% by weight of water based on the entire mixture as essential components. , A method for producing ceramic products by applying mechanical processing such as embossing or cutting to the surface, and firing at 1000 degrees C or higher after hydration hardening. (4) Cement, inorganic powder containing 50% or more of glass, crushed soft glass powder, thickener, and 1 part per total weight.
A cement mixture containing 0 to 20% by weight of water as an essential component is extruded, the surface is subjected to mechanical processing such as embossing and cutting, and after hydration hardening, a glaze raw material is applied and fired at 1000 degrees C or higher. A method of manufacturing ceramic products.