JPH0280363A - Ceramics product which prevents efflorescence and its production - Google Patents
Ceramics product which prevents efflorescence and its productionInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0280363A JPH0280363A JP63230751A JP23075188A JPH0280363A JP H0280363 A JPH0280363 A JP H0280363A JP 63230751 A JP63230751 A JP 63230751A JP 23075188 A JP23075188 A JP 23075188A JP H0280363 A JPH0280363 A JP H0280363A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- molding
- silicate mineral
- powder
- magnesium silicate
- efflorescence
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000006253 efflorescence Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011396 hydraulic cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052604 silicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011044 quartzite Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- -1 etc. Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001585714 Nola Species 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001919 chlorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052619 chlorite group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorous acid Chemical compound OCl=O QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000156 glass melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001483 mobilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052903 pyrophyllite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野コ
本発明は、ガラス化性材料粉、水硬性セメント、珪酸マ
グネシウム鉱物ならびに活性珪酸鉱物および／または珪
酸アルミニウム鉱物から本質的になる、白華を防止した
新規なセラミック製品およびその製法に関する。本発明
の製法によって、該セラミック製品のガラス化性成分等
による白華現象が実質的に防止され、かつ主に珪酸マグ
ネシウム鉱物の副効果により強度も向上される傾向があ
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention provides a method for producing efflorescence consisting essentially of vitrifiable material powder, hydraulic cement, magnesium silicate mineral, and activated silicate mineral and/or aluminum silicate mineral. Regarding new ceramic products and their manufacturing method. By the manufacturing method of the present invention, efflorescence caused by vitrifying components of the ceramic product is substantially prevented, and the strength tends to be improved mainly due to the side effect of the magnesium silicate mineral.
なお、水硬性セメント成分により、生素地の成形容易性
および保形性ならびに焼成時の収縮変形性も大幅に改善
される。In addition, the hydraulic cement component greatly improves the ease of molding and shape retention of the green material, as well as the shrinkage deformability during firing.
［従来の技術］
従来の陶磁器製品は、粘土系材料に水を加えて成形し、
そして焼成して製造されている。従って、成形生素地の
強度および保形性ならびに焼成時の収縮変形におおきな
問題があったが、やむえないものとされていた。[Conventional technology] Conventional ceramic products are made by adding water to clay-based materials and molding them.
It is then manufactured by firing. Therefore, there were serious problems with the strength and shape retention of the green material, as well as shrinkage and deformation during firing, but these problems were considered unavoidable.
本発明者は先に、ガラス粉等のフラックス成分、水硬性
セメントおよび他の骨材粉からなる水性混練物を成形し
、セメント成分が実質的に水和硬化した後に、９００〜
１０５０℃程度に焼成する、陶磁器製品の製造方法を発
明した（特願昭６２−３３］７７６号）。これによって
、上記の陶磁器製品における問題点は実質的に解決され
た。しかし、ガラス粉等による白部現象が製品の外観上
の問題となっている。なお、製品の強度を更に向上する
ことも、望ましい課題であった。The present inventor first molded an aqueous kneaded material consisting of a flux component such as glass powder, hydraulic cement, and other aggregate powder, and after the cement component was substantially hydrated and hardened,
He invented a method for manufacturing ceramic products that was fired at about 1050°C (Japanese Patent Application No. 776, 1983). As a result, the above-mentioned problems with ceramic products have been substantially solved. However, the white area phenomenon caused by glass powder and the like poses a problem in the appearance of the product. Furthermore, it was also a desirable issue to further improve the strength of the product.
なお、水硬性セメントおよび骨材からなる予備水和硬化
物を９００℃以下にて焼成しそして再水和するセメント
製品の製法（特σ８昭５／ｌ−４１９１６号）が知られ
ているが、このセメント製品の曲げ強度は＋３０ｋｇｆ
／平方ｃｍ程度であり、強度および構成において大きな
相違がある。Incidentally, there is a known method for manufacturing cement products (Special σ8 Showa 5/l-41916) in which a pre-hydrated hardened product consisting of hydraulic cement and aggregate is fired at 900°C or below and then rehydrated. The bending strength of this cement product is +30kgf
/cm2, and there are large differences in strength and composition.
［問題点を解決するだめの手段］
本発明の主目的は、上記の問題点を実質的に解消した、
セラミック製品の製法および該製品を提供することであ
る。[Means to Solve the Problems] The main object of the present invention is to provide a method that substantially eliminates the above problems.
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a ceramic product and the product.
すなわち本発明によって、水硬性セメント、熔融ガラス
化性材料粉、珪酸マグネシウム鉱物粉、活性珪酸鉱物粉
および／または珪酸アルミニウム鉱物粉、および水から
本質的になる混和物を成形し：該成形物を予備的に水和
硬化し：次いで該成形物を最高温度１１００℃以上に焼
成する工程を特徴とする白部を実質的に防止したセラミ
ック製品の製法が提供される。得られた製品は、焼成収
縮変形が実質的に防止され（即ち小であり）、高強度（
例えば曲げ強度が２００ｋｇｆ／平方ｃｍ以上）である
。That is, according to the present invention, a mixture consisting essentially of hydraulic cement, vitrifiable material powder, magnesium silicate mineral powder, activated silicate mineral powder and/or aluminum silicate mineral powder, and water is molded; Provided is a method for producing a ceramic product that substantially prevents white areas, which is characterized by a step of preliminary hydration hardening and then firing the molded product to a maximum temperature of 1100° C. or higher. The resulting product has virtually no firing shrinkage deformation (i.e. is small) and high strength (
For example, the bending strength is 200 kgf/cm2 or more).
上記の製法において、珪酸マグネシウム鉱物としては、
蛇紋岩鉱物粉、タルク粉、またはこれらの混合物が好ま
しく、これによって該セラミック製品中に該珪酸マグネ
シウム鉱物と酸化カルシウムとの高温度反応生成物が容
易に形成され、強度が更に向上した（例えば曲げ強度が
２２０ｋｇｆ／平方Ｃｍ以上）セラミック製品が有利に
得られる。In the above manufacturing method, the magnesium silicate mineral is
Serpentinite mineral powder, talcum powder, or mixtures thereof are preferred, which facilitate the formation of high temperature reaction products of the magnesium silicate mineral and calcium oxide in the ceramic article to further improve strength (e.g. bending resistance). Ceramic products (with a strength of 220 kgf/cm2 or more) are advantageously obtained.
［発明の詳しい記述］
（１）原材料
水硬性セメントとしては、ポルトランドセメント、アル
ミナセメント、混合ポルトランドセメント等、いずれも
使用可能である。また任意材料である骨材は、焼成工程
において急激な膨張、収縮を生じない安定な乙の（例え
ば陶磁器質ソヤモット）が望ましく、また川砂、海砂、
珪砂、安山岩、玄武岩、硬質砂岩等も用いられる。[Detailed Description of the Invention] (1) As the raw material hydraulic cement, any of Portland cement, alumina cement, mixed Portland cement, etc. can be used. As for the optional aggregate, it is preferable to use a stable material (such as ceramic soyamot) that does not cause rapid expansion or contraction during the firing process, and river sand, sea sand, etc.
Silica sand, andesite, basalt, hard sandstone, etc. are also used.
ガラス化性材料粉（いわゆるフラックス成分）は焼成時
においてガラス性熔融物等のフラックスを生じるしので
あって、具体的には各種のガラス粉、市販のフリット、
長石、ノラス、火山灰、その他のガラス化性火成岩扮等
が例示される。通常はガラス粉またはフリットが用いら
れる。Vitrifying material powder (so-called flux component) produces flux such as glass melt during firing, and specifically includes various glass powders, commercially available frits,
Examples include feldspar, nolas, volcanic ash, and other vitrified igneous rocks. Usually glass powder or frit is used.
珪酸マグネシウム鉱物粉としてはタルク、蛇紋岩鉱物、
緑泥石等の粉体が例示される。通常は蛇紋岩粉、タルク
粉、またはこれらの混合物が有利に採用される。Magnesium silicate mineral powders include talc, serpentine minerals,
Examples include powders such as chlorite. Usually serpentine powder, talcum powder or mixtures thereof are advantageously employed.
活性珪酸鉱物粉または珪酸アルミニウム鉱物粉としては
、非晶質ノリ力、微粉末珪砂（骨材用粗珪砂は効果に乏
しい）、ろう石粉（パイロフィライト）、カオリン等の
粘土鉱物粉が例示される。Examples of active silicate mineral powder or aluminum silicate mineral powder include amorphous glue, finely powdered silica sand (coarse silica sand for aggregates has poor effect), pyrophyllite powder, and clay mineral powders such as kaolin. Ru.
通常は、ろう石、微粉末珪砂、非晶質シリカ、またはこ
れらの混合物か有利に使用される。Typically, waxite, finely powdered silica sand, amorphous silica or mixtures thereof are advantageously used.
（２）原材料の好ましい配合重量の範囲を下表に示す。(2) The table below shows the preferred blending weight range of raw materials.
これに、成形およびセメントの水和に必要な量の水を加
えて混和し、生素地を成形する。これらの配合量は、本
発明の作用効果を達成する各原材料の好ましい有効量を
示すものである。This is mixed with the amount of water necessary for shaping and hydration of the cement to form a green body. These compounding amounts indicate preferred effective amounts of each raw material to achieve the effects of the present invention.
原材料の配合量（重量部）
水硬性セメント（例 ポルトランドセメント）１００部
珪酸マグネシウム鉱物（例 蛇紋岩）
５０〜２００部（例えば１００部前後）ガラス粉
５０〜２００部（例えば１００部前後）珪酸鉱物および
／または珪酸アルミニウム鉱物（例 ろう石）
５〜１５０部（通常は１０〜１００部）（例えば５０部
前後）
他の骨材
３００〜０部（例えば１５０部前後）
なお−船釣に、セメント１００部に対して、他の成分の
合計量は６００部以下である。Amount of raw materials (parts by weight) Hydraulic cement (e.g. Portland cement) 100 parts Magnesium silicate mineral (e.g. serpentine) 50-200 parts (e.g. around 100 parts) Glass powder 50-200 parts (e.g. around 100 parts) Silicate mineral and/or aluminum silicate mineral (e.g. waxite) 5 to 150 parts (usually 10 to 100 parts) (e.g. around 50 parts) Other aggregates 300 to 0 parts (e.g. around 150 parts) For every 100 parts, the total amount of other ingredients is 600 parts or less.
（３）生素地の成形
上記の素地材料に水を加えて混練した混和物を成形する
。混和物とする際に必要に応じて、粘結剤、減水剤、可
塑剤、ゐ動化剤、分散剤等の混和剤を適宜に選択して添
加することができる。なお、耐熱性の補強用無機短繊維
等を該混和物に混入することも可能であり、強度が向上
する。(3) Forming of green base material A mixture obtained by adding water to the above-mentioned base material and kneading it is molded. When making a mixture, admixtures such as a binder, a water reducing agent, a plasticizer, a mobilizing agent, a dispersing agent, etc. can be appropriately selected and added as necessary. Note that it is also possible to mix heat-resistant reinforcing inorganic short fibers into the mixture, which improves the strength.
成形方法としては通常の陶磁器の製造に用いられる鋳込
成形法、プレス成形法、振動プレス成形法、押出成形法
やセメント製品の製造に用いられる加圧脱水成形法、抄
造法、吹付は法、ロール成形法等、種々の成形方法を採
用することができる。Molding methods include the casting method, press molding, vibration press molding, extrusion molding method used in the manufacture of ordinary ceramics, the pressurized dehydration molding method used in the manufacture of cement products, the paper making method, the spraying method, Various molding methods such as roll molding can be employed.
一般に、強度的には加圧脱水による方法、そして能率的
には押出法等が好ましい。Generally, a method using pressure dehydration is preferred in terms of strength, and an extrusion method is preferred in terms of efficiency.
成形後に、該生素地を加湿養生ないし放置（例えば数時
間〜数日）してセメント成分を予備的に水和硬化させる
。次いで、下記の焼成条件にて焼成する。なお、水和硬
化した該素地の所要表面上に該焼成条件に適当な釉薬を
塗布しそして焼成することによって、施釉セラミック製
品が有利に得られる。After shaping, the green body is cured in a humidified state or left to stand (for example, for several hours to several days) to preliminarily harden the cement components by hydration. Next, it is fired under the following firing conditions. Incidentally, a glazed ceramic product can be advantageously obtained by applying a glaze suitable for the firing conditions on the required surface of the hydration-hardened base and firing.
（４）焼成
焼成によって脱水したセメント系硬化物の間隙に、該ガ
ラス化性材料のガラス化熔融物が実質的に侵入してセラ
ミック焼結体が形成される。焼成工程中に該セメント系
硬化物は該素地の骨格を形成して、焼結時に不可避と考
えられていた収縮を実質的に防止する（例えば、従来の
焼結体収縮率約１０％に対して、本発明では１％前後）
。なお、焼成により脱水されたセメント成分は、再水和
されることなく実質的に骨材として作用する。即ち、従
来技術の場合と異なり、セメント成分は、高温度焼成さ
れて再水和能力を実質的に有さずまたガラス成分にて包
囲されているので、実質的に再水和されない。(4) Firing The vitrified molten material of the vitrifying material substantially enters into the gaps of the cement-based hardened material dehydrated by firing, thereby forming a ceramic sintered body. During the firing process, the cementitious hardened material forms a skeleton of the substrate, substantially preventing shrinkage that was thought to be inevitable during sintering (for example, compared to the conventional sintered material shrinkage rate of about 10%). In the present invention, it is around 1%)
. Note that the cement component dehydrated by firing substantially acts as an aggregate without being rehydrated. That is, unlike in the prior art, the cement component is fired at high temperatures and has virtually no rehydration capacity, and is surrounded by the glass component, so that it is not substantially rehydrated.
本発明においては、ガラス質成分等による白華減少を防
止するために、上記の珪酸マグネシウム鉱物成分等の存
在に加えて、約１１００℃以上の最高焼成温度が必要で
あることが見いだされた。In the present invention, it has been found that in addition to the presence of the above-mentioned magnesium silicate mineral component, a maximum firing temperature of about 1100° C. or higher is necessary to prevent the reduction of efflorescence due to glassy components.
従って、本発明における焼成は、最高焼成温度約１１０
０℃以上（一般に１１００〜１２５０°Ｃ１１００℃に
て約２０分以上、好ましくは約３０分以上であり、そし
て１２００℃では約７分以上、好ましくは約１０分以上
である。このような焼成条件は、例えばローラーハース
キルンまたはトンネルキルンによって容易に実施できる
。ちなみに、最高焼成温度１００（＞−１０５０℃程度
では、白華防止は達成困難である。Therefore, the firing in the present invention is carried out at a maximum firing temperature of about 110
0°C or higher (generally 1100 to 1250°C) at 1100°C for about 20 minutes or more, preferably about 30 minutes or more, and at 1200°C for about 7 minutes or more, preferably about 10 minutes or more.Such firing conditions This can be easily carried out using, for example, a roller hearth kiln or a tunnel kiln. Incidentally, it is difficult to prevent efflorescence at a maximum firing temperature of about 100°C (>-1050°C).
具体例 例１： 原材料として、下記の混合物（重量部）を使用した。Concrete example Example 1: The following mixture (parts by weight) was used as a raw material.
普通ポルトランドセメント １００部蛇紋岩（
１５０メツシユ以下） ５０部ガラス粉（
１００メツシユ以下） １２５６１Ｅろう石（
２００メツシユ以下） ２５部色シャモット
骨材（１６メツシユ以下） ２００部上記の混合物に水
およびメチルセルロースを加えて混練し、幅５０ｍｍそ
して厚さ１０ｍｍに押出成形し、長さ１００ｍｍに切断
して試料とした。Ordinary Portland cement 100 parts Serpentine (
150 mesh or less) 50 parts glass powder (
100 mesh or less) 12561E wax stone (
(200 mesh or less) 25 parts Colored chamotte aggregate (16 mesh or less) 200 parts Water and methylcellulose were added to the above mixture, kneaded, extruded to a width of 50 mm and a thickness of 10 mm, and cut to a length of 100 mm to form a sample. did.
空気乾燥した。ローラーハースキルンにより、該試料板
を最高温度１２００°Ｃ×２０分間の条件にて焼成した
。Air dried. The sample plate was fired in a roller hearth kiln at a maximum temperature of 1200°C for 20 minutes.
得られたセラミック板において目視にて白華は認められ
ず、曲げ強度は２！；Ｏｋｇｆ／平方ｃｍそして収縮率
はｏ、ｅ％であった。なお、曲げ強度の測定は、スパン
間隔９０ｍｍ、荷重速度２ｍｍ／分にてＪＩＳ Ａ３
２０９に準じて行った。No efflorescence was visually observed in the obtained ceramic plate, and the bending strength was 2! ; Okgf/cm2 and the shrinkage rate was o, e%. The bending strength was measured using JIS A3 at a span interval of 90 mm and a loading rate of 2 mm/min.
It was carried out according to 209.
例２：
上記の例１の、予備的に水和養生しそして乾燥した試料
板の上表面に、乾燥重量％にて（長石４０、炭酸カルシ
ウムＩＯ５亜鉛華５、タルク２５、珪砂ＩＯおよび蛙目
粘土１０）からなる釉薬のスラリーを乾燥重量約５０ｍ
ｇ／平方ｃｍにてスプレー塗布した。これを例１と同様
に焼成して、白華現象のない施釉セラミック板を得た。Example 2: The upper surface of the pre-hydrated and dried sample plate of Example 1 above was coated with 40 feldspar, calcium carbonate IO5, zinc oxide 5, talc 25, siliceous sand IO and Frogmite in % dry weight. Approximately 50m dry weight of glaze slurry made of clay10)
Spray application was carried out at g/cm2. This was fired in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a glazed ceramic plate free from efflorescence.
作用および効果
水硬性セメントおよびガラス化性材料粉（いわゆるフラ
ックス成分）を主成分とするセラミック製品の白華現象
は、（ｉ）ガラス化材料（フラックス成分）中の水溶流
出性の塩基成分の存在、（）ガラス化性材料中の塩基成
分とセメント中の酸（硫酸根）が反応して塩を形成しそ
してアルカリ金属酸化物として残存、および（ｉｉｉ
）セメントが焼成時に分解活性化してＣａＯ等を形成す
ることが、主な原因である。Actions and Effects The efflorescence phenomenon of ceramic products whose main components are hydraulic cement and vitrifying material powder (so-called flux component) is caused by (i) the presence of a water-soluble base component in the vitrifying material (flux component); , () the base component in the vitrifiable material and the acid (sulfuric acid radical) in the cement react to form a salt and remain as an alkali metal oxide, and (iii
) The main cause is that cement is decomposed and activated during firing to form CaO and the like.
本発明において、活性珪酸鉱物（または珪酸アルミニウ
ム鉱物）および珪酸マグネシウム鉱物を共存させて、１
１００℃以上に焼成する。これらの構成の組合せによっ
て、上記の白華の要因（１）（１１）、（山）が存利に
解消できることが見いだされた。In the present invention, active silicate minerals (or aluminum silicate minerals) and magnesium silicate minerals are allowed to coexist, and 1
Fire at 100°C or higher. It has been found that the above-mentioned causes of efflorescence (1), (11), and (mountain) can be effectively eliminated by a combination of these structures.
即ち、上記の原因（１）の解消は、ガラス成分中の水溶
性塩基成分が１１００℃以上の高温度焼成によって反応
し、実用的にガラス中に固定されるためと思考される。That is, it is considered that the above cause (1) is resolved because the water-soluble base component in the glass component reacts with the high temperature firing at 1100° C. or higher and is practically fixed in the glass.
上記の原因（ｉｉ ）の解消は、ガラス化性材料および
セメントから生成する例えば硫酸ナトリウムが、活性珪
酸鉱物または珪酸アルミニウム鉱物から生成する活性な
珪酸と、高温度にて反応して、例えば安定なＮ ａ ｔ
Ｏ・ｎ５ｉ０、を形成するためと思考される。上記の
原因（１ｉｉ）の解消は、分解活性化したＣａＯ等が高
温度にて反応して、珪酸アルミニウム鉱物とは例えばＣ
ａｏ・ｍＡｌ＊ｏａ・ｎＳ ｊｏｔを形成して安定化し
、そして珪酸マグネシウム鉱物とは例えばＣａＯ・ｍ
Ｍ ｇ Ｏ・ｎ Ｓ ｉ Ｏｘを形成して安定化するた
めと思考される。更に、上記のＣａＯ等と珪酸マグネシ
ウム鉱物との高温度反応生成物は高強度であるため、本
発明のセラミック製品の強度を向上する。これらの構成
および作用の組合せによって、本発明の白華の防止、強
度の増大、焼成収縮変形の防止等が有利に達成される。The solution to cause (ii) above is that, for example, sodium sulfate produced from vitrifying materials and cement reacts with active silicic acid produced from active silicate minerals or aluminum silicate minerals at high temperatures, resulting in stable Nat
It is thought that this is to form O.n5i0. The solution to the above cause (1ii) is that decomposition-activated CaO, etc. react at high temperatures, and aluminum silicate minerals, such as carbon
ao・mAl*oa・nS jot is formed and stabilized, and magnesium silicate minerals are, for example, CaO・m
It is thought that this is to form M g O·n S i Ox and stabilize it. Furthermore, since the high-temperature reaction product of CaO or the like and magnesium silicate mineral has high strength, it improves the strength of the ceramic product of the present invention. By the combination of these structures and effects, the prevention of efflorescence, increase in strength, prevention of firing shrinkage deformation, etc. of the present invention can be advantageously achieved.
特許出願人 株式会社 イナックスPatent applicant Inax Co., Ltd.
Claims (5)
グネシウム鉱物粉、活性珪酸鉱物粉および／または珪酸
アルミニウム鉱物粉、および水から本質的になる混和物
を成形し；該成形物を予備的に水和硬化し；次いで該成
形物を最高温度１１００℃以上に焼成する工程を特徴と
する、白華を実質的に防止したセラミック製品の製法。(1) Molding a mixture consisting essentially of hydraulic cement, vitrifiable material powder, magnesium silicate mineral powder, activated silicate mineral powder and/or aluminum silicate mineral powder, and water; A method for producing a ceramic product that substantially prevents efflorescence, characterized by the steps of hydration hardening; and then firing the molded product at a maximum temperature of 1100° C. or higher.
およびこれらの混合物から選ばれ、そして該活性珪酸鉱
物および／または珪酸アルミニウム鉱物が、ろう石、微
粉末珪砂、非晶質シリカおよびこれらの混合物から選ば
れる、特許請求の範囲第１項の製法。(2) The magnesium silicate mineral is a serpentine mineral, talc,
and mixtures thereof, and the activated silicate mineral and/or aluminum silicate mineral is selected from waxite, finely powdered silica sand, amorphous silica, and mixtures thereof.
を塗布し、そして焼成する、特許請求の範囲第１または
第２項の製法。(3) The manufacturing method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a glaze is applied to a required surface of the molded product which has been preliminarily hydrated and hardened, and then fired.
鉱物、タルクおよびこれらの混合物から選ばる珪酸マグ
ネシウム鉱物粉；およびろう石、微粉末珪砂、非晶質シ
リカおよびこれらの混合物から選ばれる鉱物粉から本質
的になる、高温度焼成セラミック製品であり；該セラミ
ック中に酸化カルシウムと該珪酸マグネシウム鉱物との
高温度反応生成物が形成され；該セメント成分は本質的
に骨材として作用し焼成収縮変形を実質的に防止し；そ
して該セラミックの白華が実質的に存在しないことを特
徴とする、セラミック製品。(4) Hydraulic cement; Melting and vitrifying material powder; Magnesium silicate mineral powder selected from serpentinite minerals, talc, and mixtures thereof; and Quartzite, finely powdered silica sand, amorphous silica, and mixtures thereof. A high temperature fired ceramic product consisting essentially of mineral powder; in the ceramic a high temperature reaction product of calcium oxide and the magnesium silicate mineral is formed; the cement component essentially acts as an aggregate. CLAIMS 1. A ceramic product which substantially prevents firing shrinkage deformation; and is characterized by the substantial absence of efflorescence of the ceramic.
許請求の範囲第４項のセラミック製品。(5) The ceramic product according to claim 4, which has a glaze layer on a required surface of the ceramic product.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63230751A JPH0280363A (en) | 1988-09-14 | 1988-09-14 | Ceramics product which prevents efflorescence and its production |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63230751A JPH0280363A (en) | 1988-09-14 | 1988-09-14 | Ceramics product which prevents efflorescence and its production |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0280363A true JPH0280363A (en) | 1990-03-20 |
| JPH0587466B2 JPH0587466B2 (en) | 1993-12-16 |
Family
ID=16912711
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63230751A Granted JPH0280363A (en) | 1988-09-14 | 1988-09-14 | Ceramics product which prevents efflorescence and its production |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0280363A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0489352A (en) * | 1990-07-28 | 1992-03-23 | Daiken Trade & Ind Co Ltd | Production of pottery product |
| JPH04114959A (en) * | 1990-08-31 | 1992-04-15 | Daiken Trade & Ind Co Ltd | Production of inorganic baked product |
| US5284712A (en) * | 1987-12-26 | 1994-02-08 | Kazuyuki Kawai | Cement-containing ceramic articles and method for production thereof |
-
1988
- 1988-09-14 JP JP63230751A patent/JPH0280363A/en active Granted
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5284712A (en) * | 1987-12-26 | 1994-02-08 | Kazuyuki Kawai | Cement-containing ceramic articles and method for production thereof |
| JPH0489352A (en) * | 1990-07-28 | 1992-03-23 | Daiken Trade & Ind Co Ltd | Production of pottery product |
| JPH04114959A (en) * | 1990-08-31 | 1992-04-15 | Daiken Trade & Ind Co Ltd | Production of inorganic baked product |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0587466B2 (en) | 1993-12-16 |
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