JPH0480432B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention extracts a certain amount of grains after deprocessing, counts the number of brown rice grains and the number of paddy grains using a grain sensor, and calculates the shedding ratio, which is the mixing ratio. The present invention relates to a grain mixing ratio measuring device as described above.

Conventionally, as shown in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 57-12232, there has been a technique for detecting mixed rice after hulling and wind selection using a sensor.

However, since the above-mentioned prior art directly detects the mixed rice that moves in layers, there are problems with detection accuracy, such as the inability to easily perform accurate detection.

Therefore, a technology was developed to take a part of the mixed rice as a sample and identify and count each grain of paddy and brown rice. , a sensor to detect the boundary between the front and rear of the paddy), it is not easy to simplify the detection structure or reduce the manufacturing cost, and the detection accuracy of each sensor is added up, making it difficult to improve the detection accuracy. There were problems such as not being able to improve the performance.

However, the present invention provides a grain mixing ratio measuring device that includes a grain sensor that distinguishes between brown rice and paddy based on the difference in detected light intensity of grains that are arranged in a line and flow down. The number of brown rice grains detected by the sensor is calculated based on the detection time and the effective detection time of brown rice when brown rice is detected by the sensor, and the number of grains of brown rice detected by the sensor is calculated, and the paddy detection time per grain by the sensor is Therefore, the number of paddy grains detected by the sensor is calculated based on the effective paddy detection time when paddy is detected, and the number of brown rice grains and the number of paddy grains detected by the sensor within a predetermined time are used to determine whether the rice is brown rice or not. The present invention is characterized in that it is configured to calculate the mixing ratio of paddy.

Therefore, since the number of grains is calculated based on the time during which the sensor that discriminates between brown rice and paddy detects brown rice or paddy, the sensor can distinguish between brown rice and paddy and count the number of grains, Compared to conventional methods, the number of sensors installed can be reduced, simplifying the detection structure and reducing manufacturing costs.In addition, the detection error caused by the sensor can be reduced compared to conventional methods, improving detection accuracy and reducing assembly costs. This allows for easy adjustment and simplification.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is an overall cross-sectional view of the huller, and Fig. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the same. 3 is a shutter that changes the amount of paddy being fed out by the roll 2; 4 is a screw that adjusts opening and closing of the shutter 3; 5 and 6 are disposed below the feeding roll 2 to release the paddy; A pair of unrollers separates rice into brown rice and paddy grains, and 7 is a pair of unrollers that separate unrollers 5 and 6 on the fixed side through links 8. ), 9 and 10 are falling chute provided below each of the rolls 5 and 6 to form a mixed rice flow outlet 11, and 12 is a support shaft 1 on the inclined upper end side.
A grain flow plate 14 is attached to allow the grain flow angle to be freely changed with reference to 3, and 14 sucks and discharges straw waste such as paddy grains that fall from the flow outlet 11 onto the grain flow plate 12 to the outside of the machine via a sorting air passage 15. 16 is the flow grain board 1
This is a mixed rice take-out hopper that feeds the mixed rice of brown rice and paddy falling from 2 to the grain lifting cylinder 17, and is configured to continuously take out the mixed rice via the grain board 12.

Further, in the figure, reference numeral 18 is a reflector plate which is an extraction deceleration part that is placed opposite to the lower end of the grain flow board 12 and brings the flowing mixed rice into contact with it, and 19 is a sample that is connected to the center of the lower end of the flow grain board 12. A take-out chute, 20 is a sample gutter which is a measurement accelerator that receives the mixed rice flowing down the grain plate 12 and the upper surface of the chute 19 after contacting the reflection plate 18, and 21 is a sample gutter which is a measurement accelerator that receives the mixed rice falling from the sample gutter 20 with detection light. A photoconductive grain sensor 22 detects the amount of reflected light from the mixed rice by irradiating it with the reflected light, and 22 is a sample for feeding the mixed rice detected by the sensor 21 to the grain lifting cylinder 17. This is a take-out hopper, and as shown in FIG.
0 is fixedly supported, and the bracket 23
The sensor 21 is attached to a support arm 24 whose one end is connected and fixed to the support arm 24.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the end surface of the sample gutter 20 is formed into a V shape, and the gutter 20
A gently inclined part 20a, which is an extraction deceleration part with a small inclination angle α, is provided at the upper end of the inclination, a steeply inclined part 20b, which is a measurement acceleration part with a large inclination angle β, is provided at the lower end of the inclination, and each part 20a, 20b is located between them. The convex curved portions 20c are provided in series, and the gently inclined portions 20a
The V-shaped groove width l ₂ of the steeply sloped part 20b is formed larger than the V-shaped groove width l ₁ of the grains flowing down the steeply sloped part 20b than the grain interval H ₁ flowing down the gently sloped part 20a. The configuration is such that the interval H ₂ is large.

Then, the detection part 21a of the grain sensor 21 is located diagonally above the lower end of the slope of the sample gutter 20, and the detection time _{t 1} is determined by the grain lengths D ₁ and D ₂ of the brown rice 25 and paddy 26 immediately after flowing out from the sample gutter 20. , t ₂ and reflected light amount voltages V ₁ and V ₂ which are the reflected light amounts of the _unpolished rice 25 and paddy 26. As shown in FIG. 26
The grain sensor ₂₁ outputs a voltage within the range of reference brown rice level A and reference paddy level B during a certain detection time _t1 when the brown rice 25 is in a normal single grain state. It is also set to obtain a voltage output equal to or higher than the reference paddy level B during a certain detection time _t2 when the paddy 26 is in a normal single-grain state. And the amount of reflected light from these brown rice 25 and paddy 26
Detection time t 3 , _{t 4 when} V ₁ , V ₂ cannot be obtained for more than a certain detection time t ₁ , t ₂ at specified levels A, B
is less than or equal to the times t ₁ and t ₂ (that is, t ₁ > t ₃・t ₂ >
_t4 ) so that they are detected as invalid grains, and the reflected light amount voltage of brown rice 25 and paddy 26 is
The detection time t ₅ + t ₆ is longer _{than the} above-mentioned times t ₁ , _{t 2} (that is _, t ₅ >t ₁ , t ₆ > t ₂ ), the particles are formed so that they are detected as continuous overlapping particles n ₁ and n ₂ . Note that the relational expression of the number of overlaps n ₁ =t ₅ /t ₁ ·n ₂ =t ₆ /t ₂ is established.

FIG. 9 is an evasion rate control circuit diagram, which is equipped with a voltage setting device 27 for adjusting reference levels A and B, which are the standard reflected light amount of a normal grain of brown rice 25 and paddy 26, and for brown rice to which the setting device 27 is input. and paddy comparator 28,
The grain sensor 21 is connected to the grain sensor 29 through the amplifier 30, and the grain length of a normal grain of brown rice 25 and paddy is detected.
Brown rice and paddy time setting devices 31 and 32 are provided to adjust the reference effective detection times t ₁ and t ₂ within or above reference levels A and B according to D ₁ and D ₂ , and the setting devices 31 and 3
Brown rice and paddy grain number determination circuit 33, 3 that inputs 2
4 through the AND circuits 35 and 36 to the comparator 2.
8 and 29, respectively, and when the detection value of the sensor 21 is within the level AB range at the detection time t ₁ , one grain of normal brown rice 25 is delivered, and when the detection value is within the level A and B range at the detection time t ₅ . When _one grain of normal brown rice 25n (n ₁ = t ₅ / t ₁ ) is detected, and when the detection time is t ₂ at level B or higher, one grain of normal paddy 26 is detected, and when the detection time is t ₆ at level B or higher. The determination circuits 33 and 34 are configured to count ₂ grains of normal rice 26n (n ₂ =t ₆ /t ₂ ). In addition, the comparators 28, 2
9 is connected to an invalid display circuit 38 via an AND circuit 37, and when the detected value of the sensor 21 is at times _t3 and _t4 less than the valid detection times _t1 and _t2 , it is displayed as invalid grains on the display device. It is configured as follows.

As is clear from the above, in the grain mixing ratio measuring device provided with the grain sensor 21 that distinguishes between brown rice 25 and paddy 26 based on the difference in detected light intensity of the grains arranged in a line and flowing down, The number of brown rice 25 grains detected by the sensor 21 is calculated based on the brown rice 25 detection time per grain and the effective detection period of brown rice 25 when the sensor 21 detects the brown rice 25. The number of paddy 26 grains detected by the sensor 21 is calculated based on the paddy 26 detection time per grain and the paddy 26 effective detection time when the paddy 26 is detected by the sensor 21, and the number of paddy 26 grains detected by the sensor 21 is calculated. The mixing ratio of brown rice 25 and paddy 26 is calculated based on the number of 25 grains of brown rice and the number of 26 grains of paddy detected by the sensor 21.

Next, a sample time setter 39 that adjusts the detection time of mixed rice and paddy by the grain sensor 21, and a counter 4 that totals the number of grains of each of brown rice and paddy within the mixed rice detection time of the setter 39.
0, 41, an edging rate calculation circuit 42 that calculates the edging rate based on the brown rice grain number output and the paddy grain number output of each of the counters 40, 41, and a driving circuit 43 based on the edging rate output of the circuit 42. The device is provided with a light emitting diode type display 44 for displaying the evasion rate through the setting device 39, and is configured to display the evasion rate at regular intervals based on the setting device 39.

Further, the derolling 5 by the air cylinder 7,
Evacuation rate setting device 45 for adjusting the depressurization reference value of No. 6
and each counter 40, 41 and its setting device 4.
5 and outputs depressurization rise and fall signals by comparing the outputs of the air cylinders 5 and 5, and outputs the rise and fall signals of the circuit 46 to drive the electromagnetic solenoid 47 for driving the air cylinder 7 via a drive circuit 48. The system is configured to control the operation based on the following.

The present invention is constructed as described above, and the dried paddy flowing down from the supply hopper 1 is de-processed by the de-rolls 5 and 6, and at the same time
Straw waste such as paddy grains falling onto the grain board 12 is sucked out of the machine by a winnowing fan 14, and the mixed rice of brown rice and paddy that falls onto the grain board 12 from the flow outlet 11 is taken out from the hopper 16. and the sample removal chute 19.
The mixed rice that has been de-aired and sorted and is in contact with the reflector 18 is received at the upper end of the sample gutter 20, and the mixed rice is discharged from the lower end of the gutter 20 so that there is a grain spacing _H2 , and the mixed rice is collected into one grain. grain sensor 21 for each
The detection voltage V ₁ of the sensor 21 is detected by
is within the range of levels A and B and its detection time is t ₁ or
When t is _{1 or} more, the detection time is t ₂ or
When t ₂ or more, the judgment circuits 33 and 34 count the rice as one grain or a plurality of n ₂ grains, and based on this, the number of brown rice grains and the number of paddy grains within a certain period of time are added to the counters 40 and 41. The calculation circuit 42 displays the evacuation rate on the display 44, while the solenoid 47 is energized via the adjustment circuit 46 to drive and control the air cylinder 7 to depressurize the depressurized rolls 5 and 6. This is to maintain the evasion rate at a constant level.

In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, each time the detection is performed, one grain is detected at the detection times t ₁ and t ₂ , and multiple grains are detected at times t ₁ and t ₂ or more depending on the width of the times t ₅ and t ₆ .
A method of counting as n ₁ and n ₂ was used, but the effective detection times t ₁ , t ₂ and the detection times t ₅ and t ₆ that are longer than that are counted as time values and are all counted within a certain period of time to calculate brown rice 25
and detection time sum of paddy 26 (t ₁ + t ₅ +..., t ₂ + t ₆ +
), and calculate the sum of the times as the detection time per grain.
The same effect can be obtained by dividing by t ₁ and t ₂ and calculating the particle count within a certain period of time at the end.

As is clear from the above embodiments, the present invention provides a grain mixture ratio measuring device which is provided with a grain sensor 21 that distinguishes between brown rice 25 and paddy 26 based on the difference in detected light intensity of grains arranged in a line and flowing down. , calculating the number of brown rice 25 grains detected by the sensor 21 based on the brown rice 25 detection time per grain of the sensor 21 and the effective brown rice 25 detection period when the sensor 21 detects the brown rice 25; , based on the detection time of the paddy 26 per grain of the sensor 21 and the effective detection time of the paddy 26 when the sensor 21 detects the paddy 26, the paddy 2 detected by the sensor 21 is determined.
This system is configured to calculate the mixing ratio of brown rice 25 and paddy 26 based on the number of brown rice 25 and the number of paddy 26 detected by the sensor 21 within a predetermined time. Since the number of grains is calculated based on the time during which the sensor 21, which discriminates between brown rice 25 and paddy 26, detects brown rice 25 or paddy 26, the sensor 21 can distinguish between brown rice 25 and paddy 26, and count the number of grains. The number of sensors 21 attached can be reduced compared to the conventional method, simplifying the detection structure and reducing manufacturing costs, and the detection error caused by the sensor 21 can be reduced compared to the conventional method. This makes it possible to easily improve detection accuracy and simplify adjustments during assembly work.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a partial sectional view, Figure 3 is a front view of main parts, and Figure 4 is a partial sectional view.
The figure is a plan view of the sample gutter, Figure 5 is a side view of the same cross section, Figures 6 and 7 are end views of the same cross section, Figure 8 is the output diagram of the grain sensor, and Figure 9 is the evasion rate control circuit. It is a diagram. 21... Grain sensor, 25... Brown rice, 26...
Paddy, t ₁ , t ₂ , t ₅ , t ₆ ...effective detection time.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A grain mixing ratio measuring device including a grain sensor 21 that distinguishes between brown rice 25 and paddy 26 based on the difference in detected light intensity of grains arranged in a line and flowing down.
Calculating the number of brown rice 25 grains detected by the sensor 21 based on the brown rice 25 detection time per grain of the sensor 21 and the brown rice 25 effective detection time when the sensor 21 detects the brown rice 25,
The detection time of paddy 26 per grain of the sensor 21;
Based on the effective detection time of paddy 26 when the sensor 21 detects the paddy 26, the number of 26 grains of paddy detected by the sensor 21 is calculated, and the number of 25 grains of brown rice detected by the sensor 21 within a predetermined time is calculated. number and rice 26
A grain mixing ratio measuring device characterized in that it is configured to calculate the mixing ratio of brown rice 25 and paddy 26 based on the number of grains.