JPH047926B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a gyro compass, which is a direction detection device used in ships, etc., and is particularly unaffected by external tilting, turning, vibration, and impact. The rolling ball, which is the central mechanism of the guide, is supported like this.
This invention relates to an improvement in a gyroscope compass that is supported in the center of a liquid tank so that it can be tilted and rotated freely without friction.

<Prior Art> Hereinafter, the conventional technology will be explained based on the drawings.
FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a conventional ancillary type gyro compass.

In Fig. 5, 1 is a rolling ball having a high-speed rotating rotor JR inside which is the central mechanism of the guide, 2 is a support liquid that supports the rolling ball 1, and P is a circulating support liquid 2 (the symbol is A centrifugal pump is provided for the purpose of supporting and floating the wheel ball 1 to the center of the liquid tank so that it can tilt and turn freely by the force of the water flow, and S is a rectifier plate that rectifies the circulating flow F. , 3 is a liquid tank that houses the rolling ball 1, the support liquid 2, the centrifugal pump P, and the rectifying plate S.

By the way, this gyroscope compass has the following features: (A): The rolling ball 1 has a slow circular flow F of the support liquid 2.
The specific gravity of the supporting liquid 2 supports the ball 1 approximately at the center of the liquid tank 3, but if the specific gravity of the supporting liquid 2 changes, the position of the rolling ball 1 becomes unstable. In other words, this structure is a very excellent support method as it has a structure with little friction, but in order to eliminate changes in the specific gravity (=volume) of the support liquid 2 due to temperature changes, a temperature control device is used to maintain the liquid temperature at a constant value. It is necessary to maintain the Therefore, the entire device becomes large and expensive.

(B): If the power supply is cut off even momentarily due to an accident, for example, the circulating current F disappears, so the rolling ball 1 sinks and hits the current plate S as shown by the broken line 1a. As a result, the directionality (northernity) of the wheel ball 1 is lost, and its function as a gyroscope is impaired. And it takes time for this function to recover. Therefore, even a short power outage can be a fatal blow to the gyroscope.

There is a problem.

<Prior Art> In order to solve this problem, the applicant of the present application filed Japanese Patent Application No. 175794/1983 entitled "Gyroscope Compass" (hereinafter referred to as "prior art"). This gyro compass is characterized by a structure that actively utilizes changes in specific gravity (=volume) due to temperature changes in the support liquid, improves resistance to short power interruptions, and provides highly accurate azimuth output. This is what I did.

This prior art will be explained below with reference to the structural diagram of a gyro compass shown in FIG.

In FIG. 6, numeral 4 is a repulsion coil disposed inside the wheel ball 1 and generates a repulsive force, 5 is a liquid tank made of aluminum, and 6 is a liquid level 8 where the top part 1b of the wheel ball 1 is located at a liquid level 8. A support liquid whose specific gravity is adjusted to bring the top of the head 1b above the liquid level 8 or on the same level as the liquid level 8. 9 is the liquid level that changes in the liquid level 8 when the liquid level 8 changes due to a change in temperature or the like.

Now, the support liquid 6 is at the center O of the rolling ball 1 at a temperature T ₀ .
Assume that the liquid level 8 from the liquid surface 8 is h ₀ , the specific gravity of the support liquid 6 is p ₀ , and the volume V ₀ . Assume that when the temperature rises to _T1 , the specific gravity of the support liquid 6 expands to _p1 , the volume to _V1 , and the liquid level rises to _h1 . At this time, rolling ball 1
Initially, the buoyant force that is applied to is p ₀ ×volume of the rolling ball 1 in the support liquid 6, and after the change, it becomes 〓p ₁ ×volume of the rolling ball 1 in the supporting liquid 6〓. Here, if the inner radius of the liquid tank 5 is R ₁ and the outer radius of the wheel ball 1 is R ₂ , then the volume change of the support liquid 6 (expansion of the liquid) is V ₁ −V ₀ = π( R ₁ ² − R ₂ ² ) (h ₁ − _{h 0} ) …(1). Further, if the mass of the wheel ball 1 is m, then m=p ₁ π(R ₁ ² h ₁ −(h ₁ ³ /3) +2R ₁ ³ /3) (2). Incidentally, although the radius R ₂ of the rolling ball 1 and the inner diameter R ₁ of the liquid tank 5 also change depending on the temperature, they are assumed to be constant here to simplify the explanation. Find h ₁ from equation (2) (h ₀ is known) and substitute it into equation (1) to determine the inner diameter R ₁ of the liquid tank 5 (specific gravity p ₀ , volume V ₀ , specific gravity p ₁ , volume V ₁ is each value determined based on the specified temperature). According to the inner diameter R ₁ of the liquid tank 5 determined in this way,
It can be seen that the vertical position of the rolling ball 1 with respect to the liquid tank 5 hardly changes.

By the way, when the wheel ball 1 is at the center of the liquid tank 5, the repulsive force around the unit arc of the repulsive force is uniformly distributed on the circumference of the repulsion wire 4 and is directed toward the center of the wheel ball 1. Let f be the vertical direction Z of the total repulsive force f
In addition to the component acting upward, as long as the rolling ball 1 is in the center of the liquid tank 5, the horizontal direction x component of the sum of the repulsion force f
FX is zero.

Now, if the buoyant force is pVg and the weight acting on the rolling ball 1 is mg, then the following relationship is established, pVg + Fz = mg ∴ (m - pV) g = Fz...(3), and the rolling ball 1 is stabilized in the center part. Keep it. However, p is the density of the supporting liquid, V is the volume of the submerged wheel ball, g is the gravitational acceleration, and m is the wheel ball 1.
Let the mass be .

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> By the way, the gyroscope compass of this prior art has the following problems: When acceleration α in the horizontal direction X acts on the gyroscope compass due to sudden acceleration of a ship, etc.
mα acts as a penetrating force, and a horizontal lateral buoyant force pVα acts in the opposite direction. Therefore, mα−pVα= (m−pV)α=(α/g)Fz…(4) The force acting on the rolling ball 1 (the penetrating force mα and the buoyancy force
If pVα are equal and opposite to each other, there will be no effect). On the other hand, the repulsive force of the repulsion coil 4 is inversely proportional to the gap distance between the repulsion coil (iii) and the liquid tank 5.
The closer the distance, the stronger the repulsive force, and the farther the distance, the weaker the repulsive force. Therefore, (α/g) in equation (4)
The rolling ball 1 moves horizontally due to the force of Fz, but
With this movement, the gap distance in the moving direction becomes shorter and the repulsive force becomes stronger. Also, since the repulsive force on the side opposite to the moving direction is weaker, the total repulsive force in the horizontal direction
The component Fx acts as a force that pushes the wheel ball 1 back to the center of the liquid tank 5. From the above, the rolling ball 1 has a force (α/
g) Move laterally to the left in Figure 6 until the position where Fz and the horizontal X component Fx of the total repulsion force are equal, and if the acceleration α is large, the rolling ball 1 and the liquid tank 5
will collide.

: After starting the gyroscope, the wheel ball 1 swings around the vertical axis Z (change in direction) and around the horizontal axis (tilts in elevation), and eventually becomes static (facing north and becoming horizontal). )do. Figure 7 shows the repulsion wheel 4 when the rolling wheel ball 1 is tilted upward and downward during this static determination process.
FIG. 4 is a relationship diagram between the liquid tank 5 and From here, rolling ball 1
However, when the rolling ball is tilted up and down around the vertical axis of the horizontal axis (the axis perpendicular to the plane of the paper), the horizontal component of the repulsion force f _x1 on the left side (β) decreases, and the horizontal component of the repulsion force on the right side (γ) decreases. The component force f _x2 increases. The rolling ball 1 is then pushed from the right and moves laterally to the left, but with this movement, the gap distance on the right side (γ) becomes longer and the repulsive force becomes weaker (reduced). Also, the gap distance on the left side (β) becomes slightly closer, and the repulsive force becomes stronger (increases). From the above, when the rolling ball 1 is tilted upward or downward, it moves laterally to the position where the horizontal X component Fx of the repulsive force becomes zero,
If the elevation and elevation are large, the rolling ball 1 and the liquid tank 5 will collide. This phenomenon occurs.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the arrangement of electrodes that supply power to the gyro rotor JR. In FIG. 8, a band-shaped electrode 11 and a plate-shaped electrode 12 are provided on the side of the wheel ball 1, and a band-shaped electrode 51 and a plate-shaped electrode 52 opposite to these are provided on the liquid tank 5 side. This shows that the power supply E is applied through the strip electrodes 11, 51, the dish electrodes 12, 52, and the conductive support liquid 6, causing the electrodes to rotate.

In this structure, in order to prevent the rolling ball 1 and the liquid tank 5 from colliding even in the above-mentioned phenomenon, the gap distance δ between the rolling ball 1 and the liquid tank 5 must be set large. 1 should be able to move laterally, but if the gap distance δ is set large,
The volume resistance of the support liquid 6 between the roller ball 1 and the electrodes of the liquid tank 5 (11 vs. 51, 12 vs. 52) increases, which makes it difficult to supply sufficient power to the wheel rotor JR. Heat generation increases as the voltage drops in the current flowing through the circuit. In order to reduce this volume resistance, it is effective to increase the area of the opposing electrodes, but simply increasing the area shortens the distance between the electrodes (51 vs. 52) in the liquid tank 5, increasing leakage. Rolling ball 1 due to increased heat generation
The area of the electrode cannot be increased unless the diameter of the electrode is increased. Also, between the electrodes of the liquid tank 5 (51
The volume resistance of the support liquid 6 in pair 52) is independent of the diameter of the rolling ball 1 and is inversely proportional to the gap distance δ. Therefore, when the gap distance δ is increased, the volume resistance of the supporting liquid 6 between the electrodes of the liquid tank 5 becomes smaller, which inevitably increases leakage and heat generation. Therefore, rolling ball 1
In order to suppress heat generation while supplying sufficient power to the wheel rotor JR considering the horizontal movement of the
It is necessary to reduce the distance δ between the wheel ball 1 and the liquid tank 5 and to increase the diameter of the wheel ball 1 to increase the electrode area. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the size of the entire device, which makes it expensive.

The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the prior art, and the lateral movement of the rolling wheel ball is zero even when horizontal acceleration is applied to the rolling ball 1 or even when the rolling ball 1 is tilted upward or downward. It is an object of the present invention to provide a gyroscope compass which is configured to have a structure such that sufficient power can be supplied without increasing the electrode area, and the device is miniaturized.

<Means for Solving the Problems> The gyroscope compass of the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned object has a wheel ball which is the central mechanism of the pointing wheel, a liquid tank for storing the wheel ball, and a liquid tank which stores the wheel ball. A support liquid for supporting the roller ball is provided in a liquid tank, and the support liquid level changes due to a change in the temperature of the support liquid, and the support liquid receives the rotation due to the temperature change of the support liquid. A gyroscope compass in which a wheel ball is supported in the vertical center of a liquid tank by matching height changes in the position of the wheel ball due to volume changes in which the wheel ball is submerged, and inside the wheel ball, A repulsion coil that generates a repulsive force with the liquid tank material wound in a plane perpendicular to the vertical axis of the rolling ball and around the vertical axis is arranged in a direction opposite to each other across the center of the rolling ball. A pair or one roller ball is placed on the center of the ball with equal force, so that the ball is supported in the vertical direction and horizontally moved to the center of the liquid tank by the repulsive force of the repulsion ball. At this time, even if horizontal acceleration is applied to the rolling wheel ball or the rolling wheel ball is tilted upward or downward, its state can be maintained in a balanced state at the center of the liquid tank. This is a characteristic feature.

<Example> Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings. In the following drawings, parts that overlap with those in FIGS. 5 to 8 are given the same numbers, and the explanation thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a gyro compass according to the present invention.

In FIG. 1, 41 is an upper repulsion wire ring, and 42 is a lower repulsion wire ring. The upper repulsion wire ring 41 and the lower repulsion wire ring 42 are arranged around the vertical axis Z inside the wheel ball 1. The balls are wound in pairs in opposite directions with respect to the ball center Q with equal characteristics or repulsive forces. Incidentally, the term "pair" as used herein means that even if the number of upper and lower repulsive wire rings is unbalanced, if the mutual characteristics or repulsive forces are equal, then this is also treated as a pair.

In a configuration in which the wheel ball 1 is supported in the vertical direction, and the wheel ball 1 is supported in the horizontal direction by the repulsive force (horizontal component force) of the repulsion coil in a state where the wheel ball 1 is originally located at the center of the liquid tank 5, the upper , lower repulsion wire ring 41,4
It will be explained with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 that the problem that occurs in the conventional technology does not occur by arranging 2. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the repulsive force of the repulsion wire when it is subjected to acceleration in the horizontal direction, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the repulsive force of the repulsion wire against elevation and inclination.

≪When acceleration is applied in the horizontal direction≫ From Fig. 2, the sum F _bz of the vertical component of the repulsive force f _b around the unit arc of the upper repulsive coil 41 and the repulsive force f around the unit arc of the lower repulsive coil 42 sum of vertical components of _a
Since F _az are equal and opposite to each other, the sum of both (F _bz +F _az ) is zero. Therefore, in the vertical direction, based on equation (3), m = pV, and the rolling ball 1
is balanced at the center of the liquid tank. Similarly, the total sum F bx of the horizontal component of the repulsive force f _b around the unit arc of the upper repulsive wire ring 41 and the sum F _ax of the horizontal component of the repulsive force f _a around the unit arc of the lower repulsive wire _ring 42 are both As long as the ball 1 is at the center of the liquid tank 5, it becomes zero, and the rolling ball 1 is also balanced in the horizontal direction at the center of the liquid tank. In other words, the apparent weight of the rolling ball 1 is zero.

In this state _, if acceleration α acts in the horizontal axis direction = pV …(5) is derived. Therefore, even if the acceleration α acts in the horizontal direction, the force that tries to move the wheel ball 1 in the horizontal direction no longer acts, and the wheel ball 1 maintains a balanced state at the center of the liquid tank. do.

≪When tilted upwards and downwards≫ From Fig. 3, the repulsive force f _b around the unit arc of the upper repulsive wire ring 41 and the repulsive force f _a around the unit arc of the lower repulsive wire ring 42 are equal and opposite in the vertical direction. force (right side f _az1 = left side f _bz2 , left side f _az2 = right side
f _bz1 ) acts, and in the horizontal direction, forces are equal and opposite to each other (right side f _ax1 = left side f _bx2 , left side f _ax2 = right side)
f _bx1 ) works. Since this relationship holds true in any cross section including the vertical axis of the rolling ball 1,
Vertical direction Z of the repulsive force of the two repulsive wire wheels 41 and 42
The sum of the components (F _ax + F _bx ) is zero. Further, as long as the wheel ball 1 is at the center of the liquid tank 5, the sum of the horizontal X components (F _ax +F _bx ) is zero. Therefore, even when the two repulsion wheels 41 and 42 are provided, the roller ball 1 is constantly held in the center by the repulsive force generated by the two repulsion wheels even when the roller ball 1 is tilted upward or downward. It does not move horizontally like this.

By the way, the present invention is not limited to the structure shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. For example, as shown in the diagram of another embodiment of the present invention in FIG. 4, even if one repulsion wire ring 43 is wound around the ball center of the roller ball and arranged, the repulsion force is generated in the vertical direction Z. , and the repulsive forces f around the unit arc in the horizontal direction Even if such an external action is applied, the rolling ball can continue to be held in the center of the liquid tank.

<Effects of the Invention> As mentioned above, as the present invention has been concretely explained along with the examples, on the spherical center of the rolling ball around the vertical axis of the rolling ball,
Alternatively, according to the gyroscope compass of the present invention, in which the repulsion coils are arranged so as to be wound in pairs between the ball centers of the wheel balls, even when horizontal acceleration is applied or when the wheel ball is tilted upward or downward, , the rolling ball does not move laterally and can be maintained (supported) in the center of the liquid tank. Therefore, since there is no need to increase the distance δ between the wheel ball 1 and the liquid tank 6, sufficient power can be supplied to the wheel rotor JR without increasing the electrode area, and heat generation can be extremely suppressed.
A small, lightweight, and inexpensive gyroscope compass can be manufactured and provided. There is an effect.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of the gyroscope compass of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the repulsive force of the repulsive line wheel when it is subjected to acceleration in the horizontal direction, and Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the repulsive force of the repulsive line ring when it is tilted upward and downward. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of a conventional gyroscope compass of the unshitsutsu type, Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of a gyroscope compass of the prior art, and Fig. 7 is a diagram of the rolling ball and repulsion coil during elevation and tilting as shown in Fig. 6. The relationship diagram, FIG. 8, is a diagram showing the electrode arrangement of the gyro compass. 1... Rolling ball, 2, 6... Support liquid, 3, 5... Liquid tank.
4, 41, 42, 43... Repulsion line ring.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. It is equipped with a wheel ball that is the central mechanism of the guide, a liquid tank that stores the wheel ball, and a support liquid that supports the wheel ball in the liquid tank, and that responds to temperature changes in the support liquid. The rolling ball is adjusted by matching the accompanying height change in the support liquid level with the height change in the rolling ball position due to a volume change in which the rolling ball is submerged in the supporting liquid due to a temperature change of the supporting liquid. A gyroscope compass supported in the vertical center of a liquid tank, wherein the liquid tank material is wound inside the wheel ball in a plane perpendicular to the vertical axis of the wheel ball and around the vertical axis. A pair of repulsion wire wheels that generate repulsive force are arranged in opposite directions with equal characteristics or repulsion forces across the center of the ball of the wheel or one on the center of the ball of the wheel. The wheel ball is supported vertically and horizontally at the center of the liquid tank by the repulsive force of the repulsion wire ring, and at this time, even if horizontal acceleration is applied to the wheel ball, or the wheel ball is elevated. A gyroscope compass characterized in that it is constructed so that it can maintain a balanced state at the center of the liquid tank even when tilted.