JPS61237011A - Gyrocompass - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To maintain a track roller sphere at the center of a liquid tank even if it is subjected to horizontal acceleration and elevating as well as diving motions, by arranging a pair of repulsion coils embracing the spherical center of track roller sphere around the vertical axis of track roller sphere (or one coil on the spherical center). CONSTITUTION:A pair of repulsion coils 41, 42 are installed embracing spherical center Q around a vertical axis 2 on a track roller sphere 1 provided with a gyrorotor JR. Supporting liquid 6 is contained inside a liquid tank 5 and by the buoyancy rhoVg of the supporting liquid, the weight mg of the track roller sphere 1 is supported. When the sphere 1 is located at the center of the liquid tank, vertical forces Faz and Fbz generated in the repulsion coils 41, 42 compensate horizontal forces Fax and Fbx respectively. Then,the track roller sphere 1 can be kept at the center of the liquid tank, even if the track roller sphere 1 is subjected to horizontal acceleration or elevating and diving motions.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a gyro compass, which is an azimuth detecting device used in ships, etc.

Regarding the improvement of a gyro compass that has a configuration in which the rotating ball, which is the central mechanism of the pointing wheel and is supported so as not to be affected by vibrations and shocks, is supported in the center of the liquid tank so that it can tilt and rotate freely without friction. .

<Conventional technology> Hereinafter, the conventional technology will be explained based on the drawings.

FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a conventional Anschutz type gyro compass.

In Fig. 5, 1 is a rolling ball having a gyro rotor JR inside which rotates at high speed, which is the central mechanism of the guide, 2 is a support liquid that supports the rolling ball 1, and P is a circulation (symbol) for supporting liquid 2. S is a centrifugal pump provided for the purpose of supporting and floating the wheel ball 1 to the center point of the liquid tank 5 so that it can tilt and turn freely by the force of the water flow. S rectifies the circulating flow F. rectifier,
3 is a rolling ball 1. Support liquid 2. This is a liquid tank that houses a centrifugal pump P and a rectifying plate S.

By the way, in this gyro compass, (A): The wheel ball 1 is supported almost at the center of the liquid tank 3 by the slow circulation F of the support liquid 2 and the specific gravity of the support liquid 2.
When the specific gravity of the support liquid 2 fluctuates, the position of the rolling ball 1 becomes unstable. In other words, this structure is an excellent support method as it has a low friction structure, but in order to prevent the specific gravity (one volume) of the support liquid 2 from changing due to temperature changes, a concentration control device is used to keep the ripples at a constant value. □This makes the entire device large and expensive.

(B): If the power supply is cut off even momentarily due to an accident, for example, the rolling ball 1 will have no circulation F, so it will sink and hit the rectifying plate S as shown in broken lit a.For this reason, the rolling ball 1 The directionality (northernity) is lost, and the function as a gyro compass is impaired.Recovering this function takes time.Therefore, even a short power outage can be a fatal blow to the gyro compass. .

There is a problem.

Prior art> In order to solve this problem, the applicant of the present application filed a patent application filed in 1983-
No. 175794 "Gyro Compass" was filed (hereinafter referred to as "prior art"). The features of this gyro compass are that it actively utilizes changes in specific gravity (one volume) due to changes in the temperature of the support liquid, and has a structure that improves resistance to short power interruptions and provides highly accurate azimuth output. It is something.

This prior art will be explained below using the structural diagram of a gyro compass shown in FIG.

In FIG. 6, numeral 4 is a repulsion coil installed inside the wheel ball 1 and generates a repulsive force, 5 is a liquid tank made of aluminum, and 6 is a liquid level 8 where the top 1b of the wheel ball 1 is at the liquid level. A support liquid whose specific gravity is adjusted in order to bring the top of the head 1b above the liquid [8], and 9 is the liquid level that changes when the liquid level 8 changes due to a change in temperature or the like.

Now, assume that the supporting liquid 6 is at a temperature To and the liquid level 8 from the center O of the wheel ball 1 is ``Or'' with a specific gravity ρ0° and a volume Vo of the supporting liquid 6. This means that when the temperature rises to T1. At this time, assume that the specific gravity of the support liquid 6 is ρ39, the volume expands to vl, and the liquid level rises to hl.At this time, the buoyant force that the rolling ball 1 receives is initially ``ρoX of the rolling ball 1 in the supporting liquid B. The body is ¥1liJ,
After the change, it becomes "ρl×volume of rolling ball 1 in support liquid 6". Here, if the inner radius of the liquid ft15 is R+ and the outer radius of the wheel ball 1 is R2, the volume change of the support liquid 6 (expansion of the liquid) is V+ Vo- π (R+ 2-R22> ( h+ -ho
) ”(1).Also, if the mass of the rolling ball 1 is m, then m=ρ+ π(R12h+ (h+ 3/3
)+2R+'/3)...
Although the inner diameter R1 also changes, it is assumed to be constant here to simplify the explanation. From equation (2), find (h, ) is known) and substitute it into equation (1) to determine the inner diameter R3 of the liquid 495 (
Specific gravity ρ. 9 volume ■o and specific gravity ρ19 volume V are values determined based on the specified temperature, respectively). According to the inner diameter R1 of the liquid tank 5 determined in this way, it can be seen that the vertical position of the rolling ball 1 with respect to the liquid tank 5 hardly changes.

By the way, when the wheel ball 1 is at the center of the liquid tank 5, the repulsion around the unit arc of the repulsive force is uniformly distributed on the circumference of the repulsion wire 4 and the direction is toward the center of the wheel ball 1. If the force is f, the vertical Z component of the total repulsive force f acts upward, and as long as the rolling ball 1 is in the center of the liquid tank 5, the horizontal X component FX of the total repulsive force f is zero. .

Now, if the weight acting on the buoyant ρvQ1 rolling ball 1 is mg, then ρVQ10Fz−mQ −′−(m−1) V ) Q −F z
The following relationship (3) is established, and the rolling ball 1 is kept stably in the center. However, ρ is the density of the supporting liquid, ■ is the volume of the submerged wheel ball, 9 is the gravity weight, and m is the wheel ball 1.
Let the mass be .

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> By the way, the gyro compass of this prior art has problems such as ■: shyness due to sudden acceleration of the ship, etc.
When the acceleration α acts, the inertial force of the rolling ball 1 is mα
acts, and a horizontal lateral buoyant force ρ■α acts in the opposite direction. Therefore, the force of mα−ρ■α厘(m−ρ■)α−(α/Q>Fz...(4) is exerted by the rolling ball 1 (inertia force mα and buoyancy force ρVα are equal and opposite to each other) On the other hand,
The repulsive force of the repulsive wire ring 4 is inversely proportional to the gap distance between the repulsive wire ring 4 and the liquid tank 5, and the closer the distance is, the stronger the repulsive force is, and the farther the distance is, the weaker the repulsive force is. Therefore, (4)
The rolling ball 1 moves in the horizontal direction due to the force of (α/Q)Fz in the equation, but with this movement, the gap distance in the moving direction becomes shorter and the repulsive force becomes stronger. Also, since the repulsive force on the side opposite to the moving direction becomes weaker, the horizontal χ component Fx of the total repulsive force
acts as a force that pushes the rolling ball 1 back to the center of the liquid tank 5. From the above, the rolling wheel ball 1 moves laterally to the left in Fig. 6 until the force (α7g) Fz is equal to the horizontal χ component Fx of the total repulsive force, and if the acceleration α is large, the rolling wheel ball 1 moves laterally to the left in Fig. 6. The ball 1 and the liquid tank 5 will collide.

■: After starting the gyro compass, the wheel ball 1 swings around the vertical axis 7 (change in direction) and around the horizontal axis (tilts in elevation), and eventually becomes static (facing north and becoming horizontal). )do. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the repulsion wheel 4 and the liquid tank 5 when the wheel ball 1 is tilted upward or downward during this static determination process. From here, the rolling ball 1 is the horizontal axis of the rolling ball (the axis perpendicular to the plane of the paper).
When tilting up and down around the vertical axis, the horizontal component of the repulsive force f'x+ on the left side (β) decreases, and the horizontal component of the repulsive force fX2 on the right side (γ) increases. The rolling ball 1 is then pushed from the right and moves laterally to the left, but with this movement, the gap distance on the right side (γ) becomes longer and the repulsive force becomes weaker (reduced). Also, the gap distance on the left side (β) becomes slightly closer, and the repulsive force becomes stronger (increases). From the above, when the rolling ball 1 is tilted upward and downward,
If the ball moves laterally to a position where the horizontal χ component Fx of the repulsive force becomes zero and the elevation and inclination is large, the rolling ball 1 and the liquid tank 5 will collide. This phenomenon occurs.

FIG. 8 is a layout diagram of electrodes that supply power to the gyro rotor JR. FIG. 8 shows a strip electrode 11 on the side of the rolling ball 1.
and a dish-shaped electrode 12, and a strip-shaped electrode 51 and a dish-shaped electrode 52 are respectively provided on the side of the liquid tank 5, which are opposed to the dish-shaped electrode 12.
This indicates that the power source E is energized through the conductive support liquid 6 to rotate.

In this structure, in order to prevent the rolling ball 1 and the liquid tank 5 from colliding due to the phenomena described in (1) and (2), the gap distance δ between the rolling ball 1 and the liquid tank 5 must be set large. 1 should be secured for horizontal movement, but if the gap distance δ is set large, the distance between the roller ball 1 and the electrode of the liquid WI5 (11
Since the volume resistance of the support liquid 6 (vs. 51, 12 vs. 52) increases, it becomes difficult to supply sufficient power to the gyro rotor JR, and heat generation increases as the voltage of the current flowing through the support liquid 6 decreases. Become. In order to reduce this volume resistance, it is effective to increase the area of the opposing electrodes, but simply increasing the area shortens the distance between the electrodes (51 vs. 52) in the liquid tank 5, increasing leakage. Since heat generation increases, the area of the electrode cannot be increased unless the diameter of the rolling ball 1 is increased. In addition, the electrode goods (5
The volume resistance of the support liquid 6 (1:52) is independent of the diameter of the rolling ball 1 and is inversely proportional to the gap distance δ. Therefore, the gap distance δ
When is increased, the volume resistance of the support liquid 6 between the electrodes of the liquid tank 5 becomes smaller, which inevitably increases leakage and heat generation. Therefore, in order to suppress heat generation while supplying sufficient power to the gyro rotor JR in consideration of the horizontal movement of the wheel ball 1, the distance δ between the wheel ball 1 and the liquid tank 5 must be increased ( At the same time, it is necessary to increase the diameter of the rolling ball 1 to increase the electrode area.

Therefore, it is necessary to increase the size of the entire device, which makes it expensive.

The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the prior art, and even if horizontal acceleration is applied to the rolling ball 1, the rolling ball
To provide a gyro compass which is configured such that the lateral movement of the wheel ball is zero even when the gyro compass is elevated or tilted, and which enables the supply of sufficient power without increasing the electrode area, and which has a compact device. purpose.

Means for Solving the Problems> In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the gyro compass of the present invention has a gyro compass in which the repulsion force generated by the repulsion coil acts in the vertical axis direction and horizontal axis direction of the wheel ball. In order to cancel out the repulsive forces generated by each other and always keep the rolling ball at the center, move the repulsion line within a plane orthogonal to the vertical axis of the rolling ball and around the vertical axis. It is characterized by being wound as a pair with the ball center of the ball in between, or by winding one ball around the ball center of the rolling ball.

<Example> Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

In the following drawings, parts that overlap with those in FIGS. 5 to 9 are given the same numbers, and their explanations will be omitted.

FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of the gyro compass of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, 41 is an upper repulsion wire ring, and 42 is a lower repulsion wire ring.
are respectively wound in pairs around the vertical axis 2 inside the wheel ball 1 in opposite directions with respect to the ball center Q of the wheel ball 1 with equal characteristics or repulsive forces. Incidentally, the term "pair" as used herein means that even if the number of upper and lower repulsion rings is unbalanced, if the mutual characteristics or repulsion forces are equal, then this is also treated as a pair.

In a configuration in which the wheel ball 1 is supported in the vertical direction, and the wheel ball 1 is supported in the horizontal direction by the repulsive force (horizontal component force) of the repulsion coil in a state where the wheel ball 1 is originally located at the center of the liquid tank 5, the upper 2 and 3, it will be explained that by arranging the lower repulsion wheels 41 and 42, the problem unlike the conventional technology does not occur.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the repulsive force of the repulsion wire when it is subjected to acceleration in the horizontal direction, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the repulsive force of the repulsion wire against elevation and inclination.

(When acceleration is applied in the horizontal direction) From FIG. ) The total sum of vertical components Fax is equal and opposite to each other, so the sum of both (Fbz+Fi
iz) becomes zero. Therefore, in the vertical direction, since it is based on equation (3), m-ρV is established, and the rolling ball 1 is balanced at the center of the liquid tank. Similarly, the total sum Fbx of the horizontal component of the repulsive force fb around the unit arc of the lower repulsive wire ring 41 and the sum Fax of the horizontal component of the repulsive force fI& around the unit arc of the lower repulsive wire ring 42 are both As long as it is at the center of the tank 5, it becomes zero and the rolling ball 1 is balanced in the center of the tank in the horizontal direction as well. In other words, the apparent weight of the rolling ball 1 is zero.

In this state, if acceleration α acts in the horizontal axis direction χ, then from equation (4) in the horizontal direction, (m-ρV)α
-(α/g)Fz-0 If anything, m-ρV...(5)
is guided. Therefore, even if the acceleration α acts in the horizontal direction, the force that tries to move the wheel ball 1 in the horizontal direction does not act, and the wheel ball 1 maintains a balanced state at the center of the liquid tank.

(In the case of elevation and tilt) From Fig. 3, it can be seen that the repulsive force fb around the unit arc of the lower repulsive wire ring 41 and the repulsive force a around the unit arc of the lower repulsive wire ring 42 are equal and opposite in the vertical direction. Force (right side f
'azt - left side f b Z 2 * left side fa2!2 - right side fbz+), and in the horizontal direction, forces that are equal and opposite to each other (right side faXl - left side fb X 2 * left side faX2 - right side fbXl) work. Since this relationship holds true in any cross-section including the vertical axis of the rolling wheel ball 1, the two repulsive wire wheels 41. , 42, the sum of the vertical Z components (Fax+Fbz) is zero. Further, as long as the wheel ball 1 is at the center of the liquid tank 5, the sum of the horizontal χ components (Fax+Fbx) is zero. Therefore, even when the two repulsion wheels 41 and 42 are provided, the wheel ball 1 is constantly held in the center by the repulsive force generated by the two repulsion wheels, even when the wheel ball 1 is tilted upward or downward. It does not move laterally like this.

By the way, the present invention is not limited to the structure shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. For example, as shown in the diagram of another embodiment of the present invention in FIG. 4, even if one repulsion wire ring 43 is wound around the ball center of the roller ball and arranged, the repulsion force is generated in the vertical direction Z.
does not act on the horizontal direction χ, and the repulsive forces f around the unit arc in the left and right directions are equal and opposite to each other, so the sum of both is zero as long as the rolling ball 1 is in the center of the liquid [5]. Even if the above-mentioned external action is applied, the rolling ball can continue to be held in the center of the liquid tank.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, the present invention has been specifically explained along with the examples.
According to the gyro compass of the present invention, in which the repulsion wires are arranged so as to be wound around the vertical axis of the rolling ball, on the center of the rolling ball, or in a pair with each other sandwiching the ball center of the rolling ball, the horizontal acceleration Even when the roller ball is tilted upward or downward, the roller ball does not move laterally and can be maintained (supported) in the center of the liquid tank. Therefore, since there is no need to increase the distance δ between the wheel ball 1 and the liquid I6, sufficient power can be supplied to the gyro rotor JR without increasing the electrode area, and heat generation can be suppressed to an extreme. A small, lightweight, and inexpensive gyro compass can be manufactured and provided. There is an effect.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of the gyro compass of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view to explain the repulsive force of the repulsion line wheel when it is subjected to horizontal acceleration, and Fig. 3 is a repulsion when it is tilted. 4 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the repulsive force of the wire, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a conventional Anschutz type gyro compass, and FIG. 6 is a diagram of the prior art. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the structure of the gyro compass, FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the rolling ball and the repulsion wheel when the gyro compass is tilted upward and downward as shown in FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the electrode arrangement of the gyro compass. 1... Rolling ball, 2.6... Support liquid, 3.5 River liquid tank. 4, 41.42.43... Repulsion line ring. 31 Figure 5 6m

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a gyro compass comprising a wheel ball which is the central mechanism of the pointing wheel, a liquid tank that stores the wheel ball, and a support liquid that supports the wheel ball in the liquid tank, the wheel ball A repulsion coil that generates a repulsive force that holds the roller ball in the center of the liquid tank is installed inside the roller ball, and the roller wheel is disposed within a plane orthogonal to the vertical axis of the roller ball and around the vertical axis. A gyro compass, characterized in that a pair of gyro compasses are disposed on both sides of the spherical center of the gyro compass, or one gyro compass is arranged on the spherical center of the rotating ball.