JPH0476592A - Simulation device for fire extinguishment training - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily and repeatedly obtain the same training effect as a case wherein an actual extinguisher is used by displaying a fire image without causing a fire actually and simulating fire extinguishment activity by using a dummy extinguisher. CONSTITUTION:A console panel 9 installed below a monitor television 8 on the front surface of a simulation device main body 1 is equipped with plural operation keys. When an explanation key 9c is operated, a concrete example up to the occurrence of a fire is projected on the monitor television 8 to explain the operation. When an experimentation key 9b is operated, an image showing the demonstration of fire extinguishment is displayed. When a simulation key 9d is operated, a fire image is projected on the monitor television 8 and the simulation wherein the fire is extinguished by using the image as a dummy extinguisher 2 is performed. When a repeat key 9e is operated, the fire image of last simulation is reproduced. When a stop key 9a is operated, all operations are quitted and the device is initialized. Function keys 9f, cursor keys 9g, and numeric keys 9h are used for the setting of an effective point.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Al Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to a fire-fighting training simulator capable of conducting fire-fighting training through simulation using a video display device such as a monitor television and a simulated fire extinguisher.

(b) Conventional Technology In general, regular fire prevention drills are conducted at businesses of a certain size, schools, local community associations, and the like.

Conventionally, training for extinguishing an initial fire using a fire extinguisher has been carried out by actually setting kerosene or wood aflame and using an actual fire extinguisher.

fc) Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in conventional firefighting training, a small-scale fire is actually caused and an actual fire extinguisher is used, so it must be conducted outdoors in a safe premises. . In addition, combustible materials such as kerosene and wood and a real fire extinguisher had to be prepared each time, making cleaning up afterwards extremely time-consuming.

Moreover, because expensive fire extinguishers were used, many people were unable to actually train, and instructors dispatched from the fire department could only demonstrate.

The purpose of this invention is to display a fire image without actually causing a fire, and to simulate fire extinguishing activities using a fire extinguisher using a simulated fire extinguisher, thereby making it possible to simulate fire extinguishing activities using a real fire extinguisher. It is an object of the present invention to provide a simulation device for fire extinguishing training that can easily and repeatedly produce similar training effects.

(61) Means for Solving the Problems The firefighting training simulation device of the present invention comprises: a video signal reproducing device for reproducing a video signal of a fire recorded in advance; a video display device for displaying an output signal of the video signal reproducing device; A simulated fire extinguisher having a simulated nozzle and capable of performing a simulated jetting operation of extinguishing agent; means for detecting a simulated jetting operation in the simulated fire extinguisher; A means for detecting a fire extinguishing distance; an effect evaluation means for evaluating a fire extinguishing effect from a pointing direction and a fire extinguishing distance; and a fire image of a shooting distance and fire size according to the evaluation of the extinguishing distance and fire extinguishing effect by controlling a video signal reproducing device. and a video selection means for selecting 1.1. + J 斡+1-5.-.1.
Condition xΦ.

In addition, the effect evaluation means includes an effective point storage means for storing effective points set for each shooting distance in each region obtained by dividing the display screen of the video display device into a plurality of regions, and an area corresponding to the pointing direction of the simulated nozzle. means for reading from the effective point storage means the effective point corresponding to the fire extinguishing distance in .

(e) Function In the present invention, the video signal reproducing device reproduces a pre-recorded video signal of a fire, and the video display device to which this reproduced signal is input displays the video of the fire. The simulated fire extinguisher is equipped with a simulated nozzle for performing a simulated operation of ejecting a fire extinguishing agent, and this simulated nozzle allows a simulated operation of ejecting a fire extinguishing agent to be performed. When a simulated jetting operation of a fire extinguishing agent by a simulated nozzle is detected, the directional direction of the nozzle and the extinguishing distance with respect to the image display device at that time are detected. The effect evaluation means evaluates the fire extinguishing effect based on the detected direction of direction and extinguishing distance, and the video selection means selects a fire image of a shooting distance and fire scale according to the evaluation of the extinguishing distance and extinguishing effect by controlling the video signal reproducing device. I'm so happy! ! l! displayed on an image display device.

Therefore, when the extinguishing distance, which is the distance between the video display device and the pseudo nozzle, is long, a distant fire image is displayed, and as the extinguishing distance becomes shorter, a nearer fire image is displayed. The size of the fire is reduced when the nozzle is located at the center of combustion in the fire image displayed on the video display device, and conversely, the size of the fire is expanded when the nozzle is away from the center of combustion. By making the center of combustion larger when a close-up fire image is displayed compared to when a fire image is displayed, we will understand through a simulated experience how to eject extinguishing agent that can achieve effective extinguishing effects. be able to.

In this case, the display screen of the video display device is divided into two parts, and moving points are set for each shooting distance in each area.
If the effective point corresponding to the extinguishing distance is read in the area corresponding to the nozzle, the extinguishing effect can be evaluated based on the directional direction and the extinguishing layer according to the read effective point.

(flEmbodiment FIG. 1 is an external view of a fire-fighting training simulator that is an embodiment of the present invention.

The fire extinguishing training simulation device is composed of a simulation device main body 1 and a simulated fire extinguisher 2. A monitor television 8 is exposed at the front of the simulator main body 1.

As this monitor television 8, a normal color cathode ray tube can be used. Sensors 3 to 6 for receiving infrared rays are provided around the monitor television 8. Further, a microphone 7 for receiving ultrasonic waves is provided below the sensor 5. Furthermore, the simulated fire extinguisher 2, which is equipped with a keyboard 9 below the monitor television 8, has a lever 11 at the top of the container.
'8 and a port 12, and a simulated nozzle 10 is provided at the tip of the hose i2. The inside of the simulated fire extinguisher 2 is equipped with an ultrasonic transmitter and an infrared transmitter, and the lever 1
1 is operated, the unit detects this and drives the ultrasonic oscillator and infrared LED. This infrared 'f7% L
ED is provided at the tip of the simulated nozzle XO together with an ultrasonic speaker.

FIG. 2 is a front view of an operation panel provided on the simulator main body of the above-mentioned fire-fighting training simulator.

As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of operation keys are provided on an operation panel 9 installed below the monitor television 8 in the front of the simulator main body 1. A specific example of how a fire occurs when the explanation key 90 is operated is displayed on the monitor television 8 and will be explained.

When the experiment key 9b is operated, a video demonstrating a fire extinguishing operation is displayed. When the simulation key 9d is operated, a fire image is displayed on the monitor television 8, and two simulations of extinguishing the fire using the simulated fire extinguisher 2 are performed. When the repeat key 9e is operated, the fire image from the previous simulation is reproduced. When the stop key 9a is operated, all operations are stopped and the initial state is returned. Function key 9f, cursor key 9g8 and numeric key 9Y
1 is used during work such as setting effective points, which will be described later.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the firefighting training simulation device.

A microcomputer 20 is provided inside the simulator main body 1, and controls other devices built into the simulator main body 1 in an integrated manner. This microcomputer 20 is equipped with a ROM 20a and a RAM 20b, and is also connected to a laser disc player 28 via an R3-232C interface. This laser disc player 28 is a video signal reproducing device of the present invention, and reproduces the video signal of a laser disc on which a fire video is recorded. Infrared receivers 3 to 6 are connected to the microcomputer 20 via A/D converters 22 to 25, respectively. The infrared receivers 3 to 6 receive infrared light and output voltages corresponding to the brightness of the infrared light. The A/'D converters 22 to 25 convert the output voltages from the infrared receivers 3 to 6 into digital quantities and input them to the microcomputer 20. The distance measurement counter 21 starts counting clock pulses (not shown) in response to the start signal ↓ output from the microcomputer 20, and the ultrasonic microphone 7
The counting is stopped by inputting . The microcomputer 20 reads the count value of the counter 21 as extinguishing distance data. The output of the A/D converter and the extinguishing distance data are sequentially stored in a predetermined area of the RAM 20b, and are used as data for reproducing the fire image when the repeat key is operated.

An audio amplifier 26 having a speaker SP is connected to the sound effect generator 27. The sound effect generator 27 selects the fifth sound effect generator based on the selection signal output from the microcomputer 20.
As shown in the figure, fire combustion sounds and evaluation voices are generated in simulation mode. The audio amplifier 26 includes a changeover switch circuit, and selects one of the audio output of the laser disc player 28 and the audio output of the sound effect generator 27 to drive the speaker SP. The character/graphics generator 30 generates characters and graphics to be displayed at a predetermined position on the television monitor 8 based on the selection signal output from the microcomputer 20. The characters and figures are, for example, the remaining amount of extinguishing agent and the elapsed time since the start of fire extinguishing work, as shown in FIGS. 4(A) and 4(B). A superimpose 29 combines the video output of the laser disc player 28 with the image output of the character/figure generator 30 and outputs the result to the monitor television 8. The microcomputer 20 also reads key operations on the operation keys 9.

The simulated fire extinguisher 2 is equipped with an ultrasonic transmitter 31 and an infrared transmitter 32 as described above. These transmitters 31
．． 32 receives power from a battery 34 via an automatic power on/off circuit 33. Automatic power on/off circuit 3
3, when the safety pin (not shown) is pulled out in the simulated fire extinguisher 2 and the lever 11 is operated, power from the battery 34 is automatically supplied to the transmitter 31. Automatically turns off the power when no operation is performed.

In addition, the lever 11 may be
When operated, the power is automatically turned off when the cumulative time exceeds 20 seconds. Zarani, automatic power on/
The off circuit 33 also supplies power to a fire extinguishing sound generator 35, and the fire extinguishing sound generator 35 generates the sound of squirting extinguishing agent by supplying the power.

This ejected sound is output from the speaker 37 via the amplifier 36.

The ultrasonic transmitter 31 includes an ultrasonic oscillator, an FM modulator, and a speaker, and outputs FM-modulated ultrasonic waves at regular intervals. Further, the infrared transmitter 32 includes an infrared LED and an L
It consists of an ED drive circuit, and when the lever 11 is operated, an infrared LED is turned on to emit infrared light. infrared vAL
ED is provided at the tip of the simulated nozzle 10 as described above, and the infrared light of the infrared vALED is transmitted to the infrared receiver 3.
The light is received by ~6. The microcomputer 20 includes A/D converters 22 to 25 and infrared receivers 3 to 6.
Light reception data L1 to L4 corresponding to the amount of light received is input.

That is, among the infrared receivers 3 to 6, the one closer to the direction in which the simulated nozzle 10 is directed outputs a higher voltage. From this, the pointing direction of the simulated nozzle 10 can be detected by a combination of the light reception data LI to L4. In this way, infrared rays are used to detect the pointing direction of the simulated nozzle 10 because it is unlikely to be affected by environmental changes such as temperature, humidity, and noise while propagating through the air from the simulated nozzle 10 to the simulated device main body 1. Figure 6 (A
) is a flowchart showing a fire extinguishing distance measurement process during a simulation operation of the fire extinguishing training simulator.

The microcomputer 20 executes the process shown in FIG. 6(A) in a sampling time of, for example, about 40 m5.

First, it is determined whether or not the received light data L1 to L4 is input (nl), and upon receiving the input of the received light data L, to L4, a counting start signal is output to the distance measurement counter 21 (n2
). As a result, the counter 21 starts counting clock pulses (not shown).Next, the ultrasonic microphone 7 receives the ultrasonic waves emitted from the simulated fire extinguisher 2, and the active data G
When Cn3. is input, the count value C1 of the counter 21 is read. n4). At this time, counting by the counter 21 is simultaneously stopped. The extinguishing distance l is calculated based on the count value C1 read from the counter 21 (n5), and it is determined whether or not this extinguishing distance l is less than a certain distance 1a shown in FIG. The extinguishing distance l, which is the distance of the simulating nozzle 10 from the front of the simulating device main body 1, is a constant distance I! If it is shorter than a, a foreground image is displayed on the television monitor 8, and if the extinguishing distance l is farther than a certain distance 1a, a distant view image is displayed (n7, n8).

In the ijA pseudo fire extinguisher 2, the infrared fiLED is turned on at the same time as the ultrasonic wave is generated, but the microcomputer 20
The timing of receiving infrared light is regarded as the timing of generation of ultrasonic waves in the simulated fire extinguisher 2, and the time from receiving the infrared light to receiving the ultrasonic waves is the time when the ultrasonic waves propagate from the simulated nozzle 10 to the simulated device main body 1. Measure this time as . From this measurement result, the distance between the simulating nozzle 10 and the simulating device main body l is measured. On the laser disc (not shown) played by the laser disc player 28: As shown in Fig. 8, the direction of fire spread, direction of fire extinguishment, and state of fire extinguishment in each of the initial stage 1, initial stage 2, middle stage δ, and late stage 'L' are recorded. , images taken from a long distance and from a short distance are recorded. When the simulating nozzle 10 is located farther than a certain distance 1a from the simulating device main body 1, the fourth
When a distant view image taken from a long distance as shown in FIG. 4(B) is played back and the simulated nozzle 10 is brought closer than a certain distance 1a, a close view image taken from a short distance as shown in FIG. 4(A) is generated. Play.

For example, if the simulated nozzle 10 is located farther than a certain distance 1a!
and frame numbers 11800 to 1300 shown in FIG.
When the simulated nozzle 10 is brought closer than a certain distance 1a from a state in which an image of the intermediate fire extinguishment direction of 0 is displayed, and the microcomputer 20 detects this, the frame numbers 22600 to 22600 are displayed to the laser disc player 28.
An instruction is given to playback from the corresponding frame within 23800. As a result, the screen displayed on the monitor television 8 is switched from the distant view image shown in FIG. 4(B)Q to the close view image shown in FIG. 4(A).

FIG. 6(B) is a flowchart showing the effect evaluation process of the firefighting training simulator.

In the simulation mode, the microcomputer 20 repeatedly executes the process shown in FIG. 6(B) at a sample time of about 10 m5. First, A/D converter 2
The light-receiving takes L,'-wl, outputted from 2 to 25 are read, and the area to which the simulated nozzle 10 is directed is determined based on the values. As shown in FIG. 9, the screen of the monitor television 8 is divided into 16 vertical divisions and 13 horizontal divisions into a total of 208 (7) Si regions. The microcomputer 20 determines the area a to which the simulated nozzle 10 is directed based on the light receiving states of the infrared receivers 3 to 6 (
n12). Next, the effective point P set in the determined area a is read (n13). In each area of the image on the monitor television 8, 0 to 5 valid points are set in advance as shown in FIG. 9, and the valid points 2 and 5 are stored in the RAM 20b in the microcomputer 2o. The effective point can be changed for each of the foreground image and distant view image by operating the function key 9f, cursor key 9g, and numerical key 91 on the com operation panel 9 as described above.

After reading the effective point P of area a, the microcomputer 20 determines whether or not this area a matches the area a' determined in the previous sampling (n l
4). If the simulated nozzle 10 is ejected and its pointing direction changes, the area a determined in the current sampling will not match the previous area a'. In this case, as shown in FIG.
Clear timer T assigned to L (n15
). On the other hand, if the simulated nozzle 10 has not been moved and the pointing direction of the simulated nozzle 10 is the same as the previous time, the process directly advances to n16, and it is determined whether or not the content of the timer T exceeds a preset reference value. Make a determination (n16). This timer T measures the time during which the pointing direction of the simulated nozzle 10 remains at a certain point, and if the pointing direction of the simulated nozzle 1o does not change for a certain period of time or more, the valid point P in the area a Calculate '$A (+117). This process is done in consideration of the fact that even in actual firefighting operations, if extinguishing agent is sprayed in a concentrated manner in the same place, the extinguishing effect will gradually decrease.

If the timer T is below the reference value, a check is made to see if flag F is set (n18). This flag F is assigned to the memory area MA2 of the RAM 20b (see FIG. 10), and stores the state of whether the image displayed on the monitor television 8 is in the direction of fire spread or the direction of fire extinguishment. Flag F is in the recent state,
When an image showing the direction of fire spread is displayed on the monitor TV 8, the effective point P is added to the counter C2 (see Figure 1O) assigned to the memory area M A 3 (n+
1). Next, it is determined whether the contents of the counter C2 exceed a predetermined value k (n20), and when the contents of the counter C2 exceed the predetermined value k, the flag F is set and the screen shifts to the fire suppression direction screen. - Flag F is set in nX3 - If an image in the direction of extinguishing the fire is displayed, proceed to n22 to determine the speed and direction of the image - In the fire extinguishing training simulation device according to this embodiment, the simulation mode is set. As shown in FIG. 11, after the ignition video, videos of the initial stage 1, initial stage 2, middle stage, late stage, and final stage of the fire spread direction are played in order. When reproducing the video in the fire spread direction, the simulated nozzle 1 is
The effective points set in the area in the 00 orientation direction are added up, and when the added value exceeds a predetermined value k, the video moves to the fire extinguishing direction. In addition, when reproducing the video in the direction of fire spread, the distance of the simulating nozzle 10 to the simulating device main body 1 is calculated by the process shown in FIG. As mentioned above, when the added value of effective points exceeds the predetermined value k during playback of the fire spread direction video and the playback shifts to the fire extinguishment direction video, the video is then selected based on the table shown in FIG. The playback speed and playback direction are determined. For example, if the time L1 shown in FIG. 1i exceeds the added value of the moving point or the predetermined value a, the microcomputer 20 reads the frame number of the video currently being played, and reads the frame number recorded in that frame. The laser disk player 28 displays the frame in which the fire suppression direction video that matches the fire state video is recorded.
Specify. As a result, it is possible to transition from a fire spread direction video to a fire extinguishment direction video without sudden changes in the fire state in the video. After this, rJ shown in Figure 6(B)
By processing l l~n18-=n22, the simulated nozzle lO
The fire extinguishing direction video is played back at a speed and direction according to the effective point in the area to which it is directed. Fig. 12 shows that, for example, when 5 valid points are detected in succession during playback of a medium-term fire suppression direction video, the video is played back in the forward direction at a speed that reproduces all of the medium-term fire suppression direction video in 15 seconds. and the detected valid points are 0
If it is a point, the video will be played in the opposite direction at a speed that will play the entire intermediate fire suppression direction video in 20 seconds. Furthermore, the effective point oO is δ in the simulated fire extinguisher 2, which indicates that the extinguishing agent is exhausted and the fire extinguishing operation ↓ has failed. For example, when the fire extinguishing fails during playback of the medium-term fire spread direction video, all of the medium-term fire spread direction video is This indicates that the video will be played in the opposite direction at the speed of playback in seconds.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the simulation device main body 1
Depending on the position of the simulated nozzle 10 relative to the fire extinguisher, either the near-view image or the distant-view image is selectively reproduced, making it possible to perform a simulation in accordance with actual firefighting activities. Also,
Valid points are set for multiple areas of the display screen of the monitor television 8 for each of the near-view video and the distant view video, and the video to be played back is determined based on the moving point set in the N area where the simulated nozzle IO is directed. By selecting the type, playback speed, and playback direction, a natural fire video can be displayed on the monitor television 8 according to the operating state of the simulated fire extinguisher 2.

Furthermore, when playing back the fire spread direction video, the fire video can be displayed more realistically by changing the playback speed depending on the addition state of the effective points.

(gi) Effects of the Invention According to this invention, it is possible to display on the video display device a fire image of the shooting distance and fire size corresponding to the operation state B and the operation position of the seven simulated nozzles of the simulated fire extinguisher, and it is possible to display the fire image on the video display device. It is possible to perform highly accurate simulations.Also, by evaluating the fire extinguishing effect based on the effective points set in the area of the display screen of the video display device that corresponds to the pointing direction of the simulated nozzle, it becomes more realistic. can display images.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an external view of a fire extinguishing training simulator that is an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a front view of the operation panel provided on the simulator main body of the fire extinguishing training simulating equipment, and Fig. 3 is the above-mentioned extinguisher. Block diagram of training simulation device, Figures 4 (A) and (B)
5 is a diagram showing the display screen of the video display device in the firefighting training simulation device, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the sound generated by simulation mode C: δ of the sound effect generator of the firefighting training simulation device. (/'l) and (Bli) A flowchart showing the processing procedure of the control unit of the fire extinguishing training simulation device, and Figure 7 shows the positional relationship between the fire extinguisher 11 training simulation device main body and the simulated condensation nozzle. 8 is a diagram showing the storage state of fire images in the storage medium used in the firefighting training simulation device, FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the setting state of effective points in each area of the same display screen, and FIG. 11 is a memory map of the main part of the RAM in the microcomputer of the firefighting training simulation device, Figure 11 is a diagram showing the playback state of fire video in the firefighting training simulation device, and Figure 12 is the firefighting training simulation device. It is a diagram showing the relationship between the video direction and video speed of the fire extinguishing direction video in the device and the effective point. - Simulation device main body, 2 - Simulation fire extinguisher, ~ 6 - Sensor, 7 - Ultrasonic microphone, - Monitor television, 9-Simulation nozzle, 8-Laser disk player, 1-Ultrasonic transmitter, 32-Infrared transmitter. Gandai Hatake Telesystems Co., Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A video signal reproducing device that reproduces a video signal of a fire recorded in advance, a video display device that displays an output signal of the video signal reproducing device, and a simulated nozzle that can be operated to eject a simulated extinguishing agent. A fire extinguisher, a means for detecting a simulated jetting operation in the simulated fire extinguisher, a means for detecting the pointing direction and extinguishing distance of the simulated nozzle with respect to a video display device when detecting the simulated jetting operation, and determining the extinguishing effect from the pointing direction and extinguishing distance. A fire extinguishing system characterized by comprising: an effect evaluation means for evaluating; and a video selection means for controlling a video signal reproducing device to select a fire image of a shooting distance and fire size according to the evaluation of the fire extinguishing distance and fire extinguishing effect. Training simulation device. (2) The effect evaluation means includes effective point storage means for storing effective points set for each photographing distance in each region obtained by dividing the display screen of the video display device into a plurality of regions, and an area corresponding to the pointing direction of the simulated nozzle. 2. The fire-fighting training simulation device according to claim 1, further comprising: means for reading an effective point corresponding to a photographing distance in .