JPH0470070B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an apparatus for compressing and solidifying various domestic wastes, industrial wastes, etc., including wood chips, paper scraps, plastic scraps, metal scraps, and the like.

(Prior Art) Various household wastes and industrial wastes include various miscellaneous pieces of wood, paper, plastic, metal pieces, and the like.
These wastes are subjected to incineration, landfilling, recycling, etc., and bulky wastes are crushed in advance into fine or coarse particles before being subjected to the above-mentioned treatment.

By the way, it goes without saying that the waste must be collected, stored, and transported before it can be processed as described above, but it is extremely bulky if it is left as is, making it difficult to handle and difficult to store and transport. Sex is also bad. In addition, when disposing in a landfill, the space in the landfill is limited, so it is desirable that the volume be as low as possible. On the other hand, although the bulk of the crushed waste is somewhat reduced, it is not enough to solve the above problems, and therefore, there has been a strong desire for a drastic improvement in the waste disposal.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Therefore, the present applicant has developed a method for compressing and solidifying waste at its source, which promises to improve workability, storage, and transportability for subsequent processing. The device was proposed in Utility Model Application No. 140792/1984 (see Japanese Utility Model Application No. 1-49396). Such compression solidification equipment has a simple structure but high processing efficiency, and has become widely popular in various fields. However, at the stage of practical application, the following issues that still need to be resolved have been pointed out. In other words, since this device extracts the compressed solidified material by gravity, depending on the type and condition of the waste, it may be difficult to release it from the processed plate due to its adhesive strength, which may cause a reduction in operating efficiency. There was often a decrease in

The present invention was made as a result of further research based on the above-mentioned accumulated technology, and it eliminates any operational failure due to clogging by removing the molded solid material by forced ejection means, and also removes the molded solid material by forced ejection means. It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel waste compaction and solidification device that can maintain the same high compression and compaction efficiency as in the past even if a process is involved.

(Means for Solving the Problems) A waste compression and solidification apparatus of the present invention for achieving the above object will be explained based on the accompanying drawings. 1st
The figure is a partially cutaway perspective view showing one embodiment of the device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the same device, FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2 of another embodiment, and FIGS. 4 to 7 FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing various modifications of the solidification mold and the vertical compression means.

That is, the waste compression solidification device 1 of the present invention has the following features:
A storage hopper 10 for waste A, and the hopper 10
A solidification mold 2 that can be horizontally reciprocated in contact with the lower end of the lower opening 11; and a solidification mold 2 that is vertically movable in an upper storage hopper 10 of the solidification mold 2, and the waste filled in the solidification mold 2. a vertical compression means 3 for compressing the waste A from above; a lateral compression means 4 disposed below and beside the lower opening 11 of the hopper 10 for compressing the waste A in the solidification mold 2 from the side; In the waste compression solidification apparatus, the solidification mold 2 is displaced back and forth, and an extrusion means 5 for pushing out the solidified solid B from the solidification mold 2 is provided. Open groove-shaped compression chambers 21, 2
At least two of them are connected in the reciprocating direction,
After being displaced back and forth with respect to the hopper 10,
The solid material B is moved into compression chambers 21 and 22 by extrusion means 5 and 5 disposed before and after the hopper 10, respectively.
The gist is that it is configured to be pushed out from the side openings 21a, 22a of.

The side compression means 4 includes the side opening 2 at one side of the lower end opening 11 of the storage hopper 10.
1a or 22a, and the side compression means 4 is reciprocated toward the fixed wall 12 from the opposite side of the solidification mold 2 (as shown in FIGS. 1 and 22a). In addition to the method shown in FIG. 2), it is also preferable to arrange two lateral compression means 4 on both sides of the solidification mold 2 and drive them simultaneously to face each other (FIG. 3).

The wastes to be compressed and solidified in the apparatus of the present invention include organic materials such as crushed wood chips, planer scraps, paper scraps, straw, grass, cardboard, tree bark, rice husks, bakasu, fiber scraps, powdered charcoal, and plastics;
Industrial waste such as inorganic materials including cutting waste of copper, aluminum, iron, brass, etc. is used, and it is preferable to crush it into small pieces as mentioned above, but even if it is somewhat bulky, it can be processed. be. Furthermore, when the compressed solid material is to be reused as, for example, solid fuel, recycled plastic, etc., it is desirable that the waste be sorted out in advance.

(Function) In the waste compression and solidification apparatus 1 configured as described above, the waste A introduced into the hopper 10 is transferred to the solidification mold 2 disposed in contact with the lower end of the lower opening 11 of the hopper 10. It enters either one of the compression chambers 21, 22 and is compressed from above by the vertical compression means 3 which moves up and down in the vertical direction under the control of the control means, and from the side by the lateral compression means 4. is also compressed and formed into solid material B. Thereafter, the solidification mold 2 moves back and forth, and the compression chambers 21 and 22 containing the solid material B are separated from the lower opening 11, and the other compression chambers 22 and 21 are located at the lower end of the lower opening 11. Then, the extrusion means 5 operates and the contained solid matter B is extruded. During this time, the other compression chambers 22 and 21 located at the lower end of the lower opening 11 are filled with the waste material A in the hopper 1, and are compression-molded by the vertical compression means 3 and the lateral compression means 4 in the same manner as described above. Thereafter, the solidification mold 2 moves back and forth (in the opposite direction to the above), and another extrusion means 5 arranged on the moving side operates to push the solid material B into the compression chamber 2.
2, 21 forcibly pushed out. In this way, the waste A in the hopper 10 is successively solidified while repeating the alternate compression solidification and extrusion discharge in the compression chambers 21 and 22. Since a forced extrusion and discharge operation is always added after compression and solidification, there is no clogging and smooth processing is guaranteed.

(Example) Next, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, the storage hopper 10
A screw conveyor 6 for introducing waste is introduced into the screw conveyor 6, and the waste in a large-capacity waste storage hopper 60 disposed at the rear end of the screw conveyor 6 is transferred by a predetermined amount to the hopper 10. It is put inside. The storage hopper 10 functions as a small primary storage tank having an approximately inverted quadrangular pyramid shape, and its lower end is opened to form a lower opening 11 for compression molding. A solidification mold 2 is disposed so as to be movable back and forth in contact with the lower end of the opening 11, and the solidification mold 2 is made up of groove-shaped compression chambers 21 and 22 which are open at the sides and top and are connected back and forth. Solidification type 2
is adapted to be intermittently reciprocated in the front and rear direction along the guide rail 23 by the hydraulic cylinder 20. This intermittent reciprocating motion back and forth is set so that the front and rear compression chambers 21 and 22 alternately come to the lower compression processing position of the lower opening 11.

A vertical compression means 3 is disposed within the hopper 10 so as to be movable up and down.
Hydraulic cylinder 30 installed vertically on the top of 0
and a compression mold plate 31 fixed to the lower end of the telescopic rod of the cylinder 30.
When the compression mold plate 31 is extended and lowered, the compression mold plate 31 comes directly above the lower opening 11, and the waste material A is compressed and filled into the compression chambers 21 and 22.

On the side of the hopper 10, there are compression chambers 21, 22 of either of the solidification molds 2 arranged directly under the opening 11.
A lateral compression means 4 was installed which is driven to extend in the horizontal direction, that is, in a direction orthogonal to the back and forth movement direction of the solidification mold 2, and the compression means 4 was fixed to the tip of a hydraulic cylinder 40 and its telescopic rod. It consists of a push plate 41. In the case of FIGS. 1 and 2, a fixed wall 12 is provided hanging down on the opposite side of the opening 11 (opposite the compression means 4), and when the hydraulic cylinder 40 is extended, the press plate 41 and the fixed wall 12 Compression chamber 2 between
The waste A filled in 1 and 22 is compressed from the side.

In front and behind the compression means 4, two extrusion means 5, 5 are installed which are driven in parallel with the compression means 4, that is, in a direction orthogonal to the back and forth movement direction of the solidification mold 2. It consists of a push plate 51 fixed to the tip of the telescopic rod. When the cylinders 50, 50 are expanded, the extrusion means 5, 5 face the side openings 21a, 22a of the compression chambers 21, 22, which are separated from the opening 11 in the front and rear directions,
It functions to push out the solid material B accommodated in the compression chambers 21 and 22 from the side openings 21a and 22a on the opposite side.

Next, the operating mechanism of the compression solidification device 1 will be outlined. First, the front compression chamber 21 of the solidification mold 2 is positioned under the lower opening 11 of the hopper 10 by contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 20, and the screw conveyor 6
A predetermined amount of waste A is fed into the compression chamber 21.
The completion of feeding of this waste A is easily managed using a timer, etc., and the push plates 41 of the lateral compression means 4
The waste A on the compression chamber 21 is compressed by the compression mold plate 3 by the extension of the hydraulic cylinder 30 while being surrounded by the fixed wall 12.
Compress by downward movement of 1. Next, the waste material A is laterally compressed by the forward movement of the press plate 41 due to the extension of the hydraulic cylinder 40 to obtain the solid material B. after that,
By expanding the hydraulic cylinder 20, the rear compression chamber 22 of the solidification mold 2 is moved to the lower part of the opening 11, and the compression chamber 21 is pushed forward of the opening 11 together with the solid material B. The solid material B in the front compression chamber 21 is pushed out from the side opening 21a of the compression chamber 21 by the forward movement of the push plate 51 of the front pushing means 5. This push plate 51 returns to the standby position, and the rear compression chamber 22
After the solid matter B is formed in the same manner as described above, and the vertical and lateral compression means 3 and 4 return to their standby positions, the front compression chamber 21 of the solidification mold 2 emptied by the contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 20 is It is placed again at the lower part of the opening 11, and the waste A in the compression chamber 21 is compressed. During this time, the solid material B is pushed out from the side opening 22a of the compression chamber 22 by the rear pushing means 5 in the same manner as described above. The above-mentioned operations are sequentially and alternately repeated to compression mold the waste material A and discharge the solid material B.

In FIG. 3, a pair of side compression means 4, 4 are arranged on both sides of the opening, and the waste A filled in the compression chambers 21, 22 is compressed by simultaneous opposing driving of both compression means 4, 4. That is. in this case,
It goes without saying that the fixed wall 12 is unnecessary.

4 to 7 show various modifications of the solidification mold 2 and the compression mold plate 31, which are appropriately selected and used depending on the nature of the waste to be treated and the intended use. Particularly, when treating sticky waste, it is preferable to use compression chambers 21 and 22 whose side walls are curved or slanted upwardly because of good mold releasability.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the waste compression and solidification apparatus of the present invention as described above, the extrusion means functions as a forced discharge means to ensure that the solids formed in sequence are removed from the compression chamber of the solidification type. Because it is extruded and discharged, there is no operational failure due to clogging, allowing smooth continuous operation. Further, since the waste is cyclically compressed and molded in two compression chambers, it is possible to improve work efficiency.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing one embodiment of the device of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the same device, Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 of another embodiment, and Figs. FIG. 7 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing various modifications of the solidification mold and the vertical compression means. (Explanation of symbols), 1... Waste compression solidification device, 10... Storage hopper, 11... Lower opening,
12... Fixed wall, 2... Solidified type, 21, 22...
...Compression chamber, 21a, 22a...Side opening, 3...
Vertical compression means, 4... Lateral compression means, 5... Extrusion means, A... Waste, B... Solid matter.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A storage hopper 10 for waste A, a solidification mold 2 that can be horizontally reciprocated in contact with the lower end of the lower opening 11 of the hopper 10, and a solidification mold 2 arranged vertically movably in the upper storage hopper 10 of the solidification mold 2. A vertical compression means 3 is provided to compress the waste A filled in the solidification mold 2 from above, and a vertical compression means 3 is provided below and beside the lower opening 11 of the hopper 10 to compress the waste A in the solidification mold 2. A lateral compression means 4 that compresses from the side, and the solidification mold 2
is displaced back and forth, and in the waste compression solidification apparatus, the solidification mold 2 is opened at the top and side. Channel compression chamber 2
At least two of the hopper 1 and 22 are arranged in series in the reciprocating direction, and after being displaced back and forth with respect to the hopper 10, the extrusion means 5 and 5 disposed before and after the hopper 10 Solid B is in compression chamber 2
1. An apparatus for compressing and solidifying waste, characterized in that it is configured to be extruded from side openings 21a and 22a of 1 and 22.