JPH0463518A - Plant culture facility - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the title facilities of all weather type, promoting photosynthesis of plant, by automatically controlling irradiation of sunlight or irradiation of artificial light and exhaust of excess heat by a sun following device and a temperature and humidity sensor. CONSTITUTION:Frame 2' of facilities having formed culture beds 4... in the interior is openably and closably provided with a top cover 5 and equipped with a sunlight reflecting mirror 8, an artificial light lamp 9 and an exhaust system. A sunlight following device 16 and a temperature and humidity sensor are connected to a control device and irradiation of sunlight and/or irradiation of artificial light and exhaust of excessive heat are automatically controlled.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The disclosed technology belongs to the field of technology for efficiently cultivating plants such as agricultural products in facilities using sunlight or the like.

<Summary of the gist> The invention of this application uses a sunlight irradiation device with a large-scale reflecting mirror to illuminate a plant growing bed installed in a 1M structure with a predetermined area on cloudy days or at night. This invention relates to an artificial plant cultivation facility that promotes growth using a cultivation method irradiation device such as a solar lamp, and in particular, a canopy that can cover the plant cultivation bed for the IM installation frame has an inclination angle adjustment device and can be opened and closed. The base end of the canopy is pivoted via a hinge or the like so that it can be rotated freely even on a horizontal plane, and a sunlight reflecting mirror is provided inside the canopy.
Furthermore, an artificial light lamp such as a solar lamp is provided so that the plant growing bed can be irradiated with substantially sunlight or light equivalent thereto, regardless of whether the weather is clear or cloudy; A solar tracking device is connected to the control device, an exhaust system is installed on the canopy to adjust the microclimate inside the facility, and a heat insulating sheet made of transparent polyethylene or the like can be expanded and closed on the facility frame. This invention relates to a plant cultivation facility that is installed in a facility frame and equipped with a wind power generation device and a solar cell device so that natural energy can be fully utilized for growing plants.

<Prior art> As is well known, living things on earth, whether plants or animals, cannot survive without sunlight, and in the case of plants such as agricultural products, their growth is limited to photosynthesis, etc. Not only that, but it is also extremely important in terms of global environmental conservation, etc., and has an irreversible relationship with not only the growth of chlorophyll but also the decomposition of organic matter in the soil and the prevention of various types of pollution. For a long time, it has been strongly desired that a suitable amount of sunlight be stably irradiated.

Therefore, wind, precipitation, etc., including sunlight, are natural phenomena.
Because it is inherently uncontrollable, technology for controlling the appropriate amount of sunlight over time, which is essential for plant growth, has been researched for a long time, and improvements and developments are still being made to meet various needs. It is being said.

Basically, in order to guarantee a stable supply of sunlight regardless of weather conditions such as clear skies or cloudy skies, for example, in large fields, sunlight should be used as effectively as possible. The effective use of artificial light such as solar lamps and the combined use of both have been researched and developed, and some of them are now at the stage where they can be put into practical use.

Our country is an island country with a topography that extends north, south, east and west, so there is a limit to the amount of land that can be cultivated.Agricultural land such as fields is subject to harsh natural conditions such as short sunlight hours in high latitude areas. There are many parts of the plant that are exposed to harsh conditions, and there is a strong need for reliable use of sunlight or artificial light for plant cultivation, and for effective treatment.

<Problems to be solved by the invention> Although the former method of effectively utilizing sunlight has the advantage of being inherently low-cost technology because it obtains sunlight as natural energy, Even if sunlight is preferable during the daytime, such as during short hours or in the summer,
In particular, since it is difficult to eliminate excess heat, there is a disadvantage that shading means or the like must be taken, which inconveniently reduces the effectiveness of sunlight utilization.

On the other hand, the method of effectively utilizing artificial light has the disadvantage that the initial cost is high, and also has the disadvantage that it is difficult to eliminate excess heat generated from lamps such as solar lamps.

The combined method of using sunlight and artificial light has the disadvantage that the disadvantages of both methods overlap, and the disadvantage is that the cost is doubled.

Moreover, both methods were unsatisfactory in terms of practicality, as they placed too much emphasis on the effective use of sunlight for plants, and did not have measures to deal with climatic conditions such as precipitation and cloudy skies, as well as meteorological and environmental conditions. .

<Purpose of the invention> The purpose of the invention of this application is to solve the problems of plant cultivation using sunlight based on the above-mentioned conventional technology, and to provide an all-weather type with a freely adjustable cultivation environment. This plant is an excellent plant that will benefit energy technology applications in the agriculture and forestry industry by ensuring a desirable amount of sunlight irradiation, as well as supplying and effectively utilizing natural energy and revitalizing local industries. The aim is to provide cultivation facilities.

<Means/effects for solving the problem> In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the structure of the invention of this application, which is based on the scope of the above-mentioned patent claims, is, for example,
A plant cultivation facility with a set area is constructed in a specified region such as a high latitude region with short daylight hours or an area where weather conditions are subject to significant changes, and a designated plant cultivation bed is built within the facility frame. The canopy is pivoted to the facility frame via hinges, etc., and can be opened and closed at a predetermined angle of inclination, as well as pivotable in the horizontal direction. The posture is controlled to ensure optimal irradiation, and a reflector attached to the inner surface of the canopy irradiates sunlight in a concentrated manner on clear skies, and for as long as possible on thin days. Irradiation is carried out, and when the sky is cloudy or the day is light, artificial light from a predetermined number of artificial light lamps such as solar lamps installed on the back side of the canopy is irradiated for a predetermined time in an optimal posture, and , Excess heat is discharged to the outside air by an exhaust device installed in the canopy! In order to ensure that the cultivation environment for crotch meat is optimal, in the event of rain or a drop in temperature, a transparent thermal insulation sheet such as polyester film is stretched from one side of the facility frame to the other, and a winding device is used to clean the facility. The frame is covered to maintain optimal heat retention and microclimate conditions within the facility for optimal cultivation of plants.In addition, the facility frame is equipped with wind power generation equipment, solar battery equipment, etc. We have adopted technical means to make effective use of natural energy, enable the plant cultivation facility to function as an independent agricultural total plant, and furthermore, make it possible to hold conferences, seminars, lectures, events, etc. using the attached facilities. This is what I learned.

<Example> Next, an example of the invention of this application will be described below based on the drawings.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, reference numeral 1 is a plant cultivation facility that is the central feature of the invention of this application, and in this embodiment, agricultural products such as vegetables are cultivated.

It is installed in a predetermined area in a high-latitude, cold region such as Hokkaido or Tohoku, and is composed of a facility body 2 and an auxiliary facility 3 to form one system plant.

Then, the facility body 2 is formed to have the set area 139
The frame 2' is made of a predetermined heat insulating material, and a predetermined number of cultivation beds 4, 4, . . . are formed in an orderly manner inside the frame 2'.

As shown in FIG. 5, a rectangular plate 12 is provided at the base of the 1M frame 2' so as to be pivotable in a horizontal plane via a shaft 14. Through the dome-shaped top M5, the facility frame 2' can be fully opened or opened at a predetermined angle by freely adjusting the inclination angle, and an opening/closing motor 15 is provided at the base end.

The canopy 5 has a reflecting mirror 8 formed of a predetermined number of units on its inner surface, that is, on the side facing the cultivation bed 4.
are arranged side by side in an orderly manner, a predetermined number of artificial light lamps 9, 9 such as solar lamps are arranged in an orderly manner at the boundary between them, and exhaust holes 10, 10... are provided between them. It is connected to an exhaust device 11 such as an exhaust fan to exhaust excess heat, gas, steam, etc. within the facility main body 2 to the outside.

Furthermore, rolls 21 and 21 for feeding out and winding up are provided at the upper portions of both side edges of the facility frame 2'. It is possible to completely cover the facility frame 2' in this way, and is connected to drive motors 15', 15''.

A ball 18 is erected in the facility 3 located on the side of the canopy 5 of the facility frame 2', and a predetermined propeller-type wind power generation device 20 and a solar tracking device 16 are provided at the upper end of the ball 18. and are electrically connected to the control device 17 of the facility main body 2.

Such a wind power generation device 20. The solar tracking device 16 can be easily designed and implemented based on the well-known state of the art at the time the invention of this application was filed.

The wire 6 is hooked to a kite roller 19 provided at a predetermined portion of the pole 18, and its tip is connected to the canopy 5, and the other end is connected to a winch 15' electrically connected to the control device 17. The winding canopy 5 can be opened and closed mainly with the opening/closing driving motor 15 to a set inclination angle without difficulty, and the opening/closing angle can be adjusted by a control device 17. The reflector 8 of the canopy 5 can irradiate reflected sunlight onto the cultivation bed 4 in an optimal posture based on detection signals of the sun's azimuth and altitude from the sun tracking device 16.

Of course, the motor 1 for feeding and winding up the moisturizing sheet 22
5', 15'', and exhaust device 11. Drive motor 1
5'' etc. are also electrically connected to the control device 17.

In addition, 2 and 3 are sensor devices such as a hygrometer and a thermometer.
Similarly, it is electrically connected to the control device 17.

In addition, a solar cell device 23 such as a solar panel installed on the roof of the attached facility 3 is also connected to the control device 17, and together with the wind power generation device 16, the energy required for the plant cultivation facility of the system plant of the invention of this application is controlled. can be powered by natural energy.

Of course, the supply of external power etc. can also be freely designed.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the canopy 5 is opened and closed with respect to the facility frame 2' using wires 6, 6. Of course, this can be done by expanding and contracting 6.

The inclination angle, direction, etc. of the reflector 8 at M5 are determined by the solar tracking device 1.
The motor 1 is controlled by the tracking signal from the motor 6 via the control device 17.
5.15', by operating the winch 151, the canopy 5 is adjusted so as to provide the optimum amount of irradiation to the cultivation bed 4 even when the altitude of the sun is low as shown in FIG. 2, or when the altitude is high as shown in FIG. It is possible to adjust the horizontal direction and the vertical undulation angle.

In low-temperature conditions such as frost, snow, and other precipitation, the sensor 23 detects temperature, humidity, etc., and the motor 15 =
, 15' actuate to move the heat insulating sheet 22 onto the rollers 21., 15'.
During the period 21, it is sent out and wound up twice to cover the top of the cultivation ped 4, so that it can perform a heat retention function.

In addition, at night, on cloudy days, or in weather with extremely low daylight, the canopy 5 is placed in a fully open position relative to the facility frame 2', or opened at a small angle, and the solar lamps 9, 9 are turned on. The cultivation bed 4 can be irradiated with artificial light for a predetermined period of time.

In this way, the plant cultivation facility according to the invention of this application is a system that can control the cultivation of vegetables and other plants using natural energy.

In the above configuration, when crops such as vegetables are planted in the cultivation ped 4 in the facility frame 2' and used for cultivation, first, the wind power generation device 20. In sunny or light weather conditions, the electric power from the solar battery device 23 is stored, and the direction and altitude of the sun are detected by the solar tracking device 16, and the control device 17 controls the motor 15, 15' and the winch. 15'' is operated in a predetermined manner and the top M5 is moved to panel 12.
The second,
As shown in FIG. 3, sunlight is reflected and irradiated onto the cultivation bed 4 for a desired irradiation time.

When the sun is low, the canopy 5 is adjusted to a predetermined low angle, the solar lamp 9 is turned on, and the cultivation bed 4 is irradiated with artificial light in addition to sunlight to promote cultivation.

During this time, the humidity and temperature inside the facility frame 2' are monitored by sensor 2.
Excess heat, steam, gas, etc. are discharged to the outside air through the canopy 5 when the exhaust device 11 is activated upon detection by the canopy 3.

When precipitation such as snow or frost occurs due to a change in the weather, the canopy 5 is either fully opened or opened and the motor 15115' is activated to move the rolls 21, 21. The heat insulation sheet 22 is attached to the facility frame 2.
Since the insulation sheet 22 is transparent in this embodiment, the solar lamp 9 is turned on and artificial light is irradiated. For example, horticultural cultivation can be carried out in the same way as in modern vinyl greenhouses.

Therefore, the solar tracker 16. The sensor 23 automatically controls and manages the irradiation of sunlight or artificial light and the exhaust of excess heat, so that efficient cultivation work can be performed automatically and efficiently.

The cultivation status during this time is monitored and controlled by an appropriate monitor device installed in the attached facility 3.

Next, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, a shower ring nozzle 30 is provided between the solar lamps 9, 9, .
．． connected to the liquid fertilizer tank 26 via a pump 27.27;
This is an embodiment in which water absorption, fertilization showering, etc. can be performed as appropriate by the control device 27, and the sky N5 can be used effectively as appropriate.

It goes without saying that the embodiments of the invention of this application are not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various embodiments may be employed, such as providing attached facilities with a sorting facility for agricultural products after harvesting, a shipping facility Yavent Hall, a conference room, etc. Adoptable.

Moreover, the target cultivated plants are not limited to agricultural crops such as vegetables, but of course can also be used for growing flower beds, tree seedlings, lawns, etc.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, according to the invention of this application, a solar irradiation device and an artificial light irradiation device such as a solar lamp can be attached to the facility frame in a facility used for agricultural crop cultivation in large-scale greenhouse horticulture. By using it, it can be sunny or cloudy.

Regardless of the weather or regional conditions in high latitude areas, it is possible to control the optimal amount of sunlight irradiation, including artificial light such as solar lamps, as much as possible, and to prevent vegetation from growing in the cultivation bed. It has an excellent effect of promoting photosynthesis, etc. of plants, resulting in good growth.

Moreover, the canopy is equipped with a reflective mirror on the back and can be controlled by a solar tracking device to irradiate the cultivation bed with the optimal amount of sunlight from the sun, making it possible to effectively utilize sunlight for cultivation. Excellent effects are achieved with high efficiency.

In addition, by installing solar cells such as wind power generation equipment Yasolar panels, it is possible to fully utilize not only solar energy but also natural energy such as wind energy, and there is the advantage that there is no pollution caused by cultivation work. can be,
Another effect is that energy can be used in cycles.

Therefore, if there is precipitation such as snow or frost and the temperature decreases,
By covering the cultivation bed with a heat-insulating sheet made of transparent polyester film, etc., stretched over the top of the IM installation frame, it is possible to let in sunlight or artificial light, and it has a heat-retaining effect that prevents the temperature from dropping. is played.

By installing an exhaust device on the canopy, if the temperature of the 1M facility increases due to daylight, the excess heat can be discharged through the exhaust, making it possible to adjust the microclimate conditions within the facility. Therefore, it is possible to perform control so that optimal cultivation can be carried out according to external weather conditions and internal micro-climate conditions, and an excellent effect is achieved in that system cultivation can be carried out.

In addition, by expanding or reducing the scale of the facility in terms of design, it will have the excellent effect of promoting the revitalization of regional and local industries, contributing to energy conservation, and contributing to environmental conservation issues.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings are detailed explanatory diagrams of the invention of this application, in which Fig. 1 is a general schematic perspective view of one embodiment, Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of irradiation of the cultivation bed with sunlight from the sun at the same low altitude, Figure 3 is a schematic side view of sunlight irradiating a cultivation bed from the sun at the same altitude, Figure 4 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of artificial light irradiation with the same canopy in a closed state, and Figure 5 is a schematic side view of the canopy. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the opening/closing mechanism, FIG. 6 is a schematic system diagram of the same mechanism, and FIG. 7 is an internal sectional view of the canopy of Haku's embodiment. 11...Exhaust device 15...Water source 22...Heat insulation sheet 20...Wind power generator 30...Liquid ejection device 26...Liquid fertilizer tank 151...Opening/closing device 23...Solar cell device

Claims (9)

[Claims] (1) In a plant cultivation facility where a solar irradiation device and an artificial light irradiation device face the plant cultivation bed, a canopy is pivoted at the base of the facility frame so that it can be opened and closed, and a solar reflecting mirror is placed inside the canopy. A plant cultivation facility characterized in that a plant cultivation facility is provided with an artificial light lamp, and is further provided with an exhaust system. (2) The plant cultivation facility according to claim 1, wherein the canopy opening/closing drive device is electrically connected to the sun tracking device via a control device. (3) The plant cultivation facility according to claim 1, wherein the canopy is capable of freely adjusting an angle of opening and closing inclination relative to the facility frame, and is also rotatable. (4) In a plant cultivation facility where a sunlight irradiation device and an artificial light irradiation device face the plant growth bed, a canopy is pivoted at the base of the facility frame so that it can be opened and closed, and a sunlight reflecting mirror is placed inside the canopy. 1. A plant cultivation facility characterized in that a plant cultivation facility is provided with a lamp, an artificial light lamp, and a liquid ejecting device. (5) The plant cultivation facility according to claim 4, wherein the liquid ejecting device is connected to at least one of a water source and a liquid fertilizer tank. (6) In a plant cultivation facility where a solar irradiation device and an artificial light irradiation device face the plant cultivation bed, a canopy is pivoted at the base of the facility frame so that it can be opened and closed, and a solar reflecting mirror is placed inside the canopy. A plant cultivation facility characterized in that a heat insulating sheet is telescopically connected to an opening/closing device between the facility frame and a canopy in a closed position. (7) The plant cultivation facility according to claim 6, wherein the heat insulating sheet is transparent. (8) In a plant cultivation facility where a solar irradiation device and an artificial light irradiation device face the plant cultivation bed, a canopy is pivoted at the base of the facility frame so that it can be opened and closed, and a solar reflecting mirror is installed inside the canopy. What is claimed is: 1. A plant cultivation facility characterized in that a wind power generator is attached to a facility frame, an artificial light lamp is attached thereto, and a wind power generation device is attached to the facility frame. (9) In a plant cultivation facility in which a solar irradiation device and an artificial light irradiation device face the plant cultivation bed, a canopy is pivoted at the base of the facility frame so that it can be opened and closed, and a solar reflecting mirror is installed inside the canopy. At the same time, an artificial light lamp is attached, and a heat insulating sheet is telescopically connected to the opening/closing device between the facility frame and the canopy in the closed position, and a solar battery is attached to the facility frame. A plant cultivation facility characterized by: