JPH0463198B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an arch-shaped excavation method and an apparatus therefor which are employed when excavating a tunnel in earthy ground.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, as an arch-shaped tunnel excavation method, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-24512, a chain-type cutter for trench excavation having a circularly driven cutter chain and a chain-type cutter for trench excavation having a cutter chain driven in circulation, and By moving the obturator and the curable material spray tube in sequence along the tunnel arch line, the chain cutter excavates an arch-shaped transparent groove that expands forward from the tunnel face surface. At the same time, excavation waste is discharged, and then a curable material is continuously sprayed and filled into the perforation groove from the curable material spray pipe, and the curable material is cured to form an arch-shaped support plate. A method is known in which such arch-shaped support slabs are sequentially constructed in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel so that some of them overlap at intervals.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In the case of the conventional arch-shaped tunnel excavation method, a layer of ground remains between the overlapping parts of adjacent arch-shaped shoring slabs, so there is a risk of soil leaking into the tunnel from between the adjacent arch-shaped shoring slabs. can be,
In addition, since each arch-shaped support slab is separated, the strength of the tunnel support made up of each arch-shaped support slab is weak.
Since it is necessary to install a section steel support frame, the construction cost increases and tunnel excavation efficiency decreases.In addition, to avoid interference between the H section steel support frame and the excavator, it is necessary to It becomes necessary to increase the thickness of the ground left in between, which makes it easier for earth and sand to collapse from between the arch-shaped support slabs.

The present invention provides an arch-shaped tunnel excavation method and apparatus that can easily construct high-strength tunnel supports with high efficiency and at low cost by constructing adjacent arch-shaped support slabs close to each other or joined together. The purpose is to

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, in the arch-shaped tunnel excavation method of the present invention, a chain cutter 1 for excavating an arc-shaped transparent trench, which extends in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and is curved so that the middle part is concave toward the outside of the tunnel, is used. Moving along the outer periphery of the tunnel face, an arch-shaped transparent groove 2 with an arc-shaped cross section is excavated, and a curable material is filled in the arch-shaped transparent groove 2 and hardened to form an arch with a circular cross-section. After forming the arch-shaped support plate 3, excavate the area surrounded by the arch-shaped support plate 3, and then move the chain cutter 1 for excavating an arc-shaped transparent trench along the outer periphery of the tunnel face. An arch-shaped transparent groove 2 whose rear portion is close to or continuous is excavated inside the front end of the arch-shaped support plate 3, and a curable material is filled in the arch-shaped transparent groove 2 and hardened to form an arched support plate 3. After forming the support plate 3, the area surrounded by the arch-shaped support plate 3 is excavated, and the same process is repeated thereafter.

Further, in the arch-shaped tunnel excavation device of the present invention, an arch-shaped guide frame 6 having a similar shape to the cross section of the tunnel is fixed to the traveling device that runs on the lower plate 4, and a moving drive is provided along the arch-shaped guide frame 6. An arc-shaped guide member 9 is fixed to a movable frame 8 that is moved by the device 7, and extends diagonally upward from the rear side of the tunnel toward the tunnel face, and is curved so that the middle part is concave toward the outside of the tunnel. A movable frame 11 that is moved along the guide member 9 by a drive device 10 for advancing and retracting the cutter extends in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and is curved with the same curvature as the arc-shaped guide member 9 so that the middle part is concave toward the outside of the tunnel. A curable material injection pipe 12 to which the rear part of a chain cutter 1 for excavating an arcuate openwork groove is fixed, and a curable material is injected into an arched openwork groove 2 excavated by the chain cutter 1 for excavating an arcuate openwork groove. is supported by the moving frame 11.

Furthermore, in order to allow the cutter chain 15 to easily bend in any direction, the links of the cutter chain 15 that are fitted into the guide grooves 14 around the cutter frame 13 and circulate are extended in a direction parallel to the cutter frame surface. Vertical pin 16 extending in the direction perpendicular to the cutter frame surface and horizontal pin 1 extending in the direction perpendicular to the cutter frame surface.
7, they are refractably connected.

[Effect]

The movable frame 11 supporting the chain cutter 1 for excavating arcuate grooves is moved by the arcuate guide member 9.
After moving forward along the arc-shaped guide member 9, the movable frame 8 supporting the arc-shaped guide member 9 is moved along the arch-shaped guide frame 6, and the chain cutter 1 for excavating the arc-shaped open groove excavates the intermediate part. An arch-shaped transparent groove 2 with an arc-shaped cross section is dug so that the part curves toward the outside of the tunnel, and then a curable material is filled in the arch-shaped transparent groove 2 and hardened to form an arc-shaped transparent groove 2. A step of forming an arch-shaped support plate 3, and then again excavating an arch-shaped open groove 2 having an arc-shaped cross section with the chain cutter 1 for excavating an arc-shaped open groove, and adding a hardening agent into the arch-shaped open groove 2. The step of filling material to form arch-shaped support plates 3 with an arc-shaped cross section is repeated, and a large number of arch-shaped support plates 3 with a circular cross-section that are adjacent to or connected to each other are sequentially formed in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. Construction will continue.

〔Example〕

Next, the present invention will be explained in detail using illustrated examples.

The drawing shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which a plurality of wheels 18, a traveling drive device 19, and a rail clamp (not shown) are installed at both ends of an arch-shaped guide frame 6 having a similar shape to the inner circumferential wall of the tunnel. ) is fixed, the wheels 18 of the traveling device 5 are placed on rails 20 laid and fixed on the lower plate in the tunnel, and the wheels 18 are placed on the inside of the arched guide frame 6 , a rack 21 extending in the longitudinal direction of the guide frame is fixed, and arches provided at the front and rear parts of the arch-shaped guide frame 6 are further provided at the front and rear parts of the movable frame 8 that moves along the arch-shaped guide frame 6. A plurality of flanged guide rollers 23 fitted in the shaped guide grooves 22 are attached, and a moving drive device 7 consisting of a speed reducer and an electric motor with a brake is fixed to the movable frame 8. A pinion 24 fixed to the output shaft is engaged with the rack 21, and when the moving drive device 7 is operated, the movable frame 8 is moved along the arched guide frame 6.

The front part of the arc-shaped guide member 9, which extends obliquely upward from the rear side of the tunnel toward the front side and is curved so that the middle part is concave toward the outside of the tunnel, is fixed to the upper part of the movable frame 8, and the front part of the arc-shaped guide member 9 is fixed to the upper part of the movable frame 8. Arc-shaped guide grooves 2 are provided on both sides of the member 9 in the width direction.
5, an arcuate rack 26 is fixed to the lower part of the arcuate guide member 9, and the arcuate guide grooves are provided on both sides of the front and rear parts of the movable frame 11 that moves along the arcuate guide member 9. 2
A flanged guide roller 27 fitted to the cutter 5 is attached, and a cutter advance/retreat drive device 10 consisting of a speed reducer and an electric motor with a brake is fixed to the movable frame 11, and the cutter advance/retreat drive device 10 has an output shaft. A fixed pinion 28 is meshed with the arcuate rack 26.

The rear part of the arcuate chain cutter 1 for excavating trenches, which extends in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and is curved with the same curvature as the arcuate guide member 9 so that the middle part is concave toward the outside of the tunnel, is connected to the movable frame 11.
The drive device 1 for advancing and retracting the cutter is fixed to the upper part of the cutter.
When the chain cutter 1 is rotated forward or backward, the chain cutter 1 is moved back and forth in an arc in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.

The chain cutter 1 for excavating a circular arc-shaped open groove is:
An arc-shaped cutter frame 13 fixed to the movable frame 11, sprockets 29 attached to both front and rear ends of the cutter frame 13, and guide grooves 14 on both sides of the cutter frame 13 in the width direction.
The cutter chain 15 circulates along the sprocket 29, and the cutter chain circulation drive device 30 consists of a reduction gear and an electric motor with a brake fixed to the rear of the cutter frame 13. The output shaft of the drive device 30 is connected to the rear sprocket, and when the drive device 30 is operated, the cutter chain 15 is moved circularly in the direction of arrow A.

The cutter chain 15 includes a large number of links 32 to which excavation blades 31 are attached, connecting links 33 and 34 pivotally connected to one end and the other end of each link 32 by a horizontal pin 17, and each connecting link 33. ,3
4, the horizontal pin 17 extends in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the cutter frame 13, and the vertical pin 16 extends in a direction parallel to the surface of the cutter frame 13. There is.

The arc-shaped curable material injection pipe 12 to which the rack 35 is fixed is slidably inserted into a support member 36 fixed to the side of the moving frame 11, and is configured to move the injection pipe by a speed reducer and an electric motor with a brake. A drive device 37 is fixed to the support member 36, a pinion 38 fixed to the output shaft of the drive device 37 is meshed with the rack 35, and the injection pipe 12 is connected to the chain cutter 1 for excavating an arc-shaped transparent groove. The drive device 3 for moving the injection tube is set to have the same curvature.
When 7 is rotated forward or backward, the curable material injection pipe 12 is moved back and forth in an arc. Further, the rear end portion of the curable material injection pipe 12 is connected via a hose 39 to a pump for pressurizing the curable material.

When excavating a tunnel using the arch-shaped tunnel excavation device configured as described above, first, the traveling device 5 is fixed to the rail 20 with a rail clamp, and the chain cutter 1 for excavating an arcuate trench is attached to the tunnel. The cutter chain 1 is disposed at one end of the peripheral wall so as to face the tunnel face, and then the cutter chain circulation drive device 30 is operated to rotate the cutter chain 1.
The chain cutter 5 is driven in a circular manner so that the front portion in the direction of the arrow A in FIGS.
The chain cutter 1 is moved forward in an arc shape in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the chain cutter 1 is inserted into the soft ground 40 while excavating and discharging earth and sand.

Next, the moving drive device 7 moves the movable frame 8 along the arched guide frame 6, and
The chain cutter 1 supported by the movable frame 8 via the arc-shaped guide member 9 and the movable frame 11 is also moved in the same direction, and the chain cutter 1 is moved in the circumferential direction of the tunnel peripheral wall in an arch shape with an arc-shaped cross section. Cut through the open groove 2.

Every time the arched transparent groove 2 is cut a certain distance, the injection tube moving drive device 37 is rotated in the forward direction to advance the curable material injection tube 12 to the deep part of the arched transparent groove 2. The curable material 41 is then pumped from the front end of the curable material injection tube 12 by pumping a curable material 41 such as mortar through the hose 39 and the curable material injection tube 12 from a curable material pump. The driving device 37 for moving the injection tube while ejecting the injection tube toward the rear in the cutting direction inside the arched transparent groove 2.
is operated in reverse rotation to move the curable material injection pipe 12 backward, thereby forming an arch-shaped support plate 3 made of a curable material and having an arcuate cross section around the front of the tunnel face.

Next, the chain cutter 1 and the curable material injection pipe 12 are moved backward, and then the arch-shaped tunnel excavation device is moved backward, and then the area surrounded by the arch-shaped support plate 3 is excavated.

Next, the arch-shaped tunnel excavation device is moved forward again, and the traveling device 5 is fixed to the rail 20 by the rail clamp, and the chain cutter 1 is arranged at one end of the tunnel peripheral wall so as to face the tunnel face, and then the above-mentioned In this way, the chain cutter 1 excavates an arched open groove 2 whose rear part is close to or continuous with the inside of the front end of the arched support plate 3, and injects the hardening material into the arched open groove 2. 41 is filled and hardened to form the arch-shaped support plate 3, and the same process is repeated thereafter to form the arch-shaped support plate 3 with an arcuate cross section as shown in FIGS. 1 and 9. Continuously formed.

When carrying out this invention, the curable material injection tube 1
Any means other than those described in the above embodiments may be used as the means for moving 2 in an arc shape.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Since this invention is configured as described above,
This produces the effects described below.

The chain cutter 1 for excavating an arcuate openwork groove, which extends in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and is curved so that the middle part is concave toward the outside of the tunnel, is moved along the outer periphery of the tunnel face to form an arched openwork with an arcuate cross section. A groove 2 is excavated, a curable material is filled in the arched transparent groove 2 and hardened to form an arched support plate 3 with an arcuate cross section, and then the arched support plate 3 is surrounded by excavate the section, and then move the arcuate chain cutter 1 for excavating a tunnel face along the outer periphery of the tunnel face to form an arch whose rear part is close to or continuous with the inside of the front end of the arch-shaped support plate 3. After excavating the arched opening groove 2, filling the arched opening groove 2 with a curable material and hardening it to form the arched support plate 3, the area surrounded by the arched support plate 3 is The tunnel is excavated and the same process is repeated thereafter, making it possible to excavate the tunnel with high efficiency while forming a strong tunnel support consisting of a large number of continuous arch-shaped support plates 3 with arc-shaped cross sections. This also makes it possible to prevent earth and sand from leaking into the tunnel from the overlapping portions of adjacent arch-shaped support plates 3.

Further, according to the arch-shaped tunnel excavation device of the present invention, it is possible to excavate a tunnel while easily and accurately forming tunnel supports consisting of a large number of continuous arch-shaped support plates 3 having arcuate cross sections. Furthermore, the cutter chain 15 is fitted into the guide groove 14 of the cutter frame 13 and circulates.
The cutter chain 15 can be easily bent in any direction by connecting the links so as to be bendable by a vertical pin 16 extending in a direction parallel to the cutter frame surface and a horizontal pin 17 extending in a direction perpendicular to the cutter frame surface. be able to.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show embodiments of the invention,
Figure 1 is a partially cutaway side view showing the tunnel being excavated, Figure 2 is a partially cutaway plan view, and Figure 3 is a partially cutaway side view of the tunnel being excavated.
The figure is a partially longitudinal front view showing a state in which a tunnel is being dug, Figure 4 is a partially longitudinal side view showing a device that moves the movable frame along an arched guide frame, and Figure 5 is a partially longitudinal side view showing the moving frame moving in a circular manner. FIG. 6 is a partially vertical front view showing the device for moving the curable material injection tube along the arcuate guide member, FIG. 7 is a partially vertical front view showing the device for moving the curable material injection tube, and FIG. FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional front view showing the relationship between the cutter frame and the link of the chain cutter, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a tunnel support made of continuously formed arch-shaped support plates. In the figure, 1 is a chain cutter for excavating an arc-shaped open groove, 2 is an arch-shaped open groove, 3 is an arch-shaped support plate, 4 is a lower board, 5 is a traveling device, 6 is an arch-shaped guide frame, and 7 is a moving 8 is a movable frame,
9 is an arc-shaped guide member, 10 is a drive device for moving the cutter forward and backward, 11 is a moving frame, 12 is a curable material injection pipe, 13 is a cutter frame, 14 is a guide groove,
15 is a cutter chain, 16 is a vertical pin, 17 is a horizontal pin, 19 is a traveling drive device, 20 is a rail, 2
1 is a rack, 22 is an arched guide groove, 23 is a flanged guide roller, 24 is a pinion, 25
2 is an arcuate guide groove, 26 is an arcuate rack, 27 is a flanged guide roller, 28 is a pinion, and 2
9 is a sprocket, 30 is a cutter chain circulation drive device, 31 is a digging blade, 32 is a link, 33 and 34 are connecting links, 35 is a rack, 36 is a support member, 37 is a drive device for moving an injection pipe, 38 is a pinion, 39 is a hose, 40 is soft ground, 41
is a curable material.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A chain cutter 1 for excavating an arc-shaped transparent groove, which extends in the longitudinal direction of a tunnel and is curved so that the middle part is concave toward the outside of the tunnel, is moved along the outer periphery of a tunnel face to cut a circle. An arch-shaped open groove 2 with an arc-shaped cross section is excavated, and a curable material is filled in the arch-shaped open groove 2 and hardened to form an arch-shaped support plate 3 with an arc-shaped cross section. The area surrounded by the support slab 3 is excavated, and then the chain cutter 1 for excavating an arc-shaped trench is moved along the outer periphery of the tunnel face, and the arch-shaped support slab 3 is excavated.
An arch-shaped transparent groove 2 whose rear part is adjacent or continuous is excavated inside the front end of the arch-shaped transparent groove 2.
After filling the interior with a curable material and curing it to form an arch-shaped support plate 3, the arch-shaped support plate 3 is
An arch-shaped tunnel excavation method in which the area surrounded by is excavated and the same process is repeated. 2. An arch-shaped guide frame 6 having a similar shape to the tunnel cross section is fixed to the traveling device 5 that runs on the lower plate 4,
A movable frame 8, which is moved along the arch-shaped guide frame 6 by a moving drive device 7, extends diagonally upward from the rear side of the tunnel toward the face, and is curved so that the middle part is concave toward the outside of the tunnel. An arcuate guide member 9 is fixed, and the cutter advance/retreat drive device 1 is moved along the arcuate guide member 9.
A chain cutter 1 for excavating an arc-shaped transparent trench, which extends in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and is curved with the same curvature as the arc-shaped guide member 9 so that the middle part is concave toward the outside of the tunnel, is attached to the movable frame 11 that is moved by the movement frame 11. An arch whose rear part is fixed, and a curable material injection pipe 12 for injecting a curable material into an arch-shaped transparent groove 2 excavated by a chain cutter 1 for excavating an arcuate transparent groove is supported by the movable frame 11. Shape tunnel digging device. 3. A guide groove 14 is provided around the cutter frame 13 which extends in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and is curved so that the middle part is concave toward the outside of the tunnel, and the cutter chain 15 is fitted into the guide groove 14 of the cutter frame 13 and circulates. 3. The arch-shaped tunnel excavation device according to claim 2, wherein the links are bendably connected by a vertical pin 16 extending in a direction parallel to the cutter frame surface and a horizontal pin 17 extending in a direction perpendicular to the cutter frame surface.