JP4602597B2 - Tunnel construction machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tunnel construction machine for excavating a tunnel that has been pre-lined on the outside of a planned excavation cross section in order to prevent ground subsidence in tunnel excavation with a shallow earth covering.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As disclosed in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 61-24512, a conventional arch-shaped tunnel digging method is sequentially arranged in the rear of the watermark groove digging chain cutter with a watermark groove digging chain cutter having a cutter chain driven by circulation. By moving the obturator and the curable material spray tube along the tunnel arch line, the watermark groove excavation chain cutter excavates an arch-shaped watermark groove that expands forward from the face of the tunnel. The gap is discharged, and the curable material is continuously sprayed and filled into the watermark groove from the curable material spray tube, and the curable material is cured to form an arch-shaped support plate. Pre-lining type top plates that are constructed sequentially in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel with some overlapping arch-shaped support plates overlapping each other at intervals. Panel method is known.
[0003]
However, in the construction method, since a ground layer remains between the overlapping portions of the adjacent arch-shaped support plates, there is a possibility that earth and sand may leak into the tunnel from between the adjacent arch-shaped support plates.
In addition, since each arch-shaped support plate is free, the strength of the tunnel support composed of each arch-shaped support plate is weak, so it is necessary to install a steel support frame inside each arch-shaped support plate In addition to the construction cost, the tunneling efficiency becomes worse, and in order to avoid the interference between the steel support frame and the tunnel construction machine, it is necessary to further increase the interval between the adjacent arch-shaped support plates, and the arch-shaped support plates are increasingly It becomes easy for the earth and sand to collapse from between.
[0004]
Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, Japanese Patent Publication No. 04-63198 discloses an arch-shaped tunnel excavation method and an apparatus for constructing the arch-shaped supporting plates that are adjacent to each other or being connected to each other. .
[0005]
In the arch-shaped tunnel excavation method, as shown in FIGS. 6, 7, and 8, an arc-shaped watermark groove excavation chain cutter that extends in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and is curved so that the intermediate portion is recessed outside the tunnel. 4 is moved along the outer periphery of the face of the tunnel to excavate the arc-shaped watermark groove 5 having an arc-shaped cross section, and the arc-shaped watermark groove 5 is filled with a curable material and cured to be arc-shaped cross section. After the arch-shaped support plate 15 is formed, a portion surrounded by the arch-shaped support plate 15 is excavated, and thereafter the same process is repeated so that the rear part is close to the inside of the front end portion of the arch-shaped support plate 15. Alternatively, the arch-shaped watermark groove 5 is formed so as to be continuous.
[0006]
Further, in the above construction method, the arch-shaped tunnel excavating device is configured such that the arch frame 2 having a diameter similar to the tunnel cross section is formed on the traveling device 12 driven on the rail 16 installed on the ground 11 by the traveling drive device 17. The movable frame 22 which is fixed and moved by the moving drive device 21 along the arch frame 2 extends obliquely upward from the rear side of the tunnel toward the face, and its middle portion is curved so as to be recessed outside the tunnel. The arcuate guide member 20 is fixed, and is moved along the arcuate guide member 20 by the cutter advance / retreat drive device 23. The moving frame 24 extends in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and is connected to the arcuate guide member 20. With an arc-shaped openwork groove excavation chain cutter 4 having the same curvature and curved so that the middle part is recessed outside the tunnel. Curable material injection tube 18 for injecting a curable material arched watermark groove 5 drilled is supported by the movable frame 24.
Furthermore, a hose 19 for connecting and connecting with a concrete batcher plant is connected to the curable material injection pipe 18.
[0007]
However, the construction methods disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-24512 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 04-63198 are intended for single-core circular tunnels, and tunnels such as roads and railway tunnels in recent years. It is not suitable for a flat-section tunnel that is used as the width increases.
[0008]
That is, in the tunnel excavation device of the conventional construction method, the open chain groove excavation chain cutter moves together with the cutter traversing device along the single-core circular arch frame into a single-core circular shape, as shown in FIG. In addition, the single-core circular arch-shaped watermark groove 15a is excavated, and the multi-core circular watermark groove 15 cannot be easily excavated at a time.
[0009]
Therefore, when excavating a tunnel having a multi-core circular cross section using the above method, first, the single core circular openwork groove 15a whose cross section approximates a multi-core circular shape is excavated to instantly harden concrete. To form a support plate, excavate the part surrounded by the support plate, discharge the excavated earth and sand backward toward the face, and then requires the extra part 15b to be suspended The parts 15c and 15d require lining concrete placement work, which is problematic in terms of excavation work period and excavation cost.
[0010]
Accordingly, a patent application has been filed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-284251 to cope with excavation of a tunnel having a multi-core circular cross section as described above.
[0011]
As shown in FIG. 4, the invention filed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-284251 is provided with a watermark groove excavating chain cutter 4 for excavating the watermark groove 5 extending in the tunnel longitudinal direction toward the face. When the cutter traversing device 3 is fixed to the traveling device 12, the pinion 6 that meshes with the rack provided along the inside of the arch frame 2 configured in a single-core circle shape is rotated to rotate the arch frame 2. The watermark groove excavating chain cutter 4 is driven to circulate while moving along the outer periphery, whereby the watermark groove is excavated along the outer periphery of the face.
[0012]
An arch-shaped support plate 15 is formed by inserting an instantaneously curable material into the watermark groove 5, a portion surrounded by the arch-shaped support plate 15 is excavated, and the excavated earth and sand are directed toward the face. A tunnel excavation method that discharges backward and repeats these steps, and when the watermark groove excavation chain cutter 4 moves along the arch frame 2 together with the cutter traverse device 3, the watermark groove excavation is performed. This is a tunnel boring method in which the chain cutter 4 is moved in the radial direction of the tunnel cross section or in the opposite direction, and the open groove 5 is excavated at once in a multi-core circular shape, for example, sequentially from the left side of the tunnel to the right side.
[0013]
Further, in the tunnel excavation method, when the watermark groove excavation chain cutter 4 moves along the arch frame 2 while rotating the pinion 6 meshing with the rack together with the cutter traversing device 3, the arch By partially twisting the frame 2, the arch frame 2 can be twisted to move the watermark groove excavation chain cutter 4 in the radial direction or in the opposite direction of the tunnel cross section. Is a tunnel digging device that excavates a multi-core circle.
[0014]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional method disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-24512 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 04-63198, the single core circular arch shape is slightly larger than the tunnel shape having a flat cross section. I had to construct a prelining with the support plate.
[0015]
Therefore, there is a problem that the amount of surplus is increased, the amount of excavated soil is increased, and the transportation cost of the excavated soil or the amount of discarded soil is increased.
There is also a problem that the amount of lining concrete for finishing the tunnel into a regular flat cross section increases considerably.
As a result, the construction period of the tunnel becomes longer and the construction cost increases.
[0016]
In order to solve the above problem, in the Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-284251, a tunnel for excavating a watermark groove into a multi-core circle shape at a time by moving the watermark groove excavation chain cutter 4 in the radial direction or in the opposite direction of the tunnel cross section. An excavation device has been invented.
[0017]
However, in the prior art, since the watermark cutter for excavating the watermark groove moves up and down with one point as a fulcrum, the watermark groove is not directly opposed to the watermark groove, and the watermark groove is slightly twisted and formed. There is.
In addition, since the arch-shaped support plate is formed by the watermark groove slightly twisted as described above, there is a disadvantage that the strength may be slightly reduced.
[0018]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the tunnel construction machine according to the present invention includes a cutter traversing device provided with an arcuate guide member provided so that the open-end grooved chain cutter is movable in the front-rear direction. A chain cutter for excavating the open groove is moved along the arch frame via the cutter traversing device. In the tunnel construction machine for excavating a watermark groove on the outer periphery of the face , a cutter slide mechanism is provided on the cutter traversing device so as to be movable in the radial direction of the tunnel cross section, and an arcuate guide member is pivotally supported on the cutter slide mechanism. It is characterized by being.
[0019]
In the present invention, the problem that the watermark groove, which is a problem in the prior art, is twisted and formed, is a cutter slide mechanism in which the cutter portion of the chain cutter for excavating the watermark groove can be moved in parallel up and down in addition to the elevation operation. It is solved by providing.
That is, the cutter slide mechanism can position the cutter portion of the watermark groove excavation chain cutter at a position facing the cross section of the predetermined watermark groove, and forms the predetermined watermark groove with high accuracy. Therefore, it is possible to sufficiently increase the strength of the arch-shaped support plate formed by injecting the instantaneous curable material into the watermark groove.
[0020]
Further, the cutter slide mechanism is No設in front of the transverse device, by Tei Rukoto a hydraulic cylinder and moving hydraulic cylinder elevation, easily the arcuate guide member rocking along the radial direction of the tunnel section It can be movable and movable.
[0021]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[0022]
FIG. 1 shows an example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. A tunnel construction machine equipped with a cutter traversing device used in a conventional construction method is added to a tunnel construction machine equipped with a cutter slide mechanism. The tunnel excavation method is shown.
The present invention relates to a cutter traversing device 3 provided with a watermark groove excavating chain cutter 4 for excavating a watermark groove 5 extending in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel toward the face of a multi-core circular tunnel 1, and both lower end portions thereof are traveling. A driving device for movement in which a pinion 6 that meshes with a rack 2 a provided along the inside of an arch frame 2 that is fixed to the device 12 and has a single-core circular shape is constituted by a hydraulic motor 9 and a reduction gear 10. It is connected to the output shaft and rotates and moves along the arch frame 2.
[0023]
A cutter slide mechanism 13 is installed so as to tie it to the front surface of the cutter traversing device 3. The cutter slide mechanism 13 includes a lifting hydraulic cylinder 7 and a moving hydraulic cylinder 25.
The raising / lowering hydraulic cylinder 7 includes a cylindrical portion 8a and a piston 8b that slides and expands in the cylindrical portion 8a. A lower end of the cylindrical portion 8a is rotatably fixed to the front surface of the cutter slide mechanism 13. The tip of the piston 8b at the other end is fixed to the upper part of the arcuate guide member 20 so as to be rotatable. Along with the expansion and contraction of the piston 8b, as the cutter traversing device 3 moves along the arch frame 2, the arcuate guide member 20 is rotated so as to be bent to face the direction of the watermark groove 5 or to face upward. It rotates about 28 as a fulcrum.
[0024]
The moving hydraulic cylinder 25 includes a cylindrical portion 26a and a piston 26b that slides and expands in the cylindrical portion 26a. The lower end of the cylindrical portion 26a is rotatable to the lower portion of the cutter slide mechanism 13. The tip of the piston 26b, which is the other end, is fixed to the upper part of the cutter traversing device 3 so as to be rotatable.
The slide frame 27 slides up and down along the front surface of the cutter traversing device 3 by vertically extending and contracting the piston 26b.
On the other hand, the open-end groove excavation chain cutter 4 is curved with the same curvature as the arcuate guide member 20 so that the middle part is recessed outside the tunnel, and the arcuate guide member 20 rotates as the piston 8b expands and contracts. With the shaft 28 as a fulcrum, the face of the tunnel is lifted as described above as it rotates. With this operation alone, the cutter portion of the chain cutter 4 for digging the watermark groove directly faces the watermark groove 5. Therefore, it is in a state of being slightly tilted or twisted, and a predetermined watermark groove cannot be dug.
[0025]
Therefore, by extending and contracting the moving hydraulic cylinder 25 and sliding the slide frame 27 up and down along the front surface of the cutter traversing device 3, the watermark groove excavating chain cutter 4 moves in parallel up and down, By the raising / lowering operation by the raising / lowering hydraulic cylinder 7 and the vertical movement of the moving hydraulic cylinder 25, the cutter portion of the watermark groove excavating chain cutter 4 faces the watermark groove 5 without being twisted. The change in the difference between the single-core circle diameter of the arch frame 2 and the radius of each of the multi-core circle diameters of the watermark groove 5 that changes at each transverse position can be changed to a transverse position detector (not shown). ) And adjustment by controlling with detection data from a cylinder stroke meter (not shown) provided in the lifting hydraulic cylinder 7 and the moving hydraulic cylinder. It can be.
[0026]
The watermark groove excavation chain cutter 4 directed to the predetermined position is circulated and driven to excavate the watermark groove 5 along the outer periphery of the face.
[0027]
An arch-shaped support plate 15 is formed by inserting an instantaneously curable material into the watermark groove 5, a portion surrounded by the arch-shaped support plate 15 is excavated, and the excavated earth and sand are directed toward the face. A tunnel excavation method that discharges backward and repeats these steps, and when the watermark groove excavation chain cutter 4 moves along the arch frame 2 together with the cutter traversing device 3, the watermark groove excavation is performed. The chain cutter 4 is directed by the cutter slide mechanism 13 to a position facing a predetermined watermark groove, so that the watermark groove 5 is excavated into a multi-core circular shape to continuously form the arch-shaped support plate 15. This is a tunnel digging method with prelining.
[0028]
FIG. 2 shows an example of an embodiment of the present invention, and shows details of the cutter slide mechanism 13, and the lower end of the cylinder portion 26 a of the moving hydraulic cylinder 25 is located below the cutter slide mechanism 13. On the other hand, the upper end of the piston 26b is rotatably fixed to the upper part of the cutter traversing device 3.
The slide frame 27 slides up and down along the front surface of the cutter traversing device 3 by vertically extending and contracting the piston 26b.
Although there are several methods for attaching the moving hydraulic cylinder 25, there are methods such as upside down in consideration of their maintenance and inspection methods. Can be determined as appropriate.
[0029]
FIG. 3 shows vertical cross sections of a tunnel, a watermark groove, an arch-shaped support plate, an arch frame, and the like in excavation of a multicore circular tunnel according to the present invention.
[0030]
Hereinafter, it demonstrates in detail based on FIG.
As shown in this cross-sectional view, the arch frame 2 is a single-core circular frame having a radius R, and the cutter traversing device traverses along the arch frame 2.
On the other hand, the tunnel has, for example, a multi-core circular tunnel cross section having a radius R1 and a radius R2.
[0031]
In excavation of the multi-core circular tunnel, excavation is started from the left side toward the tunnel cross section, and the excavation is continued toward the right side.
At that time, the distances L1 and L2 between the outer shape of the cutter groove 14 along the flat cross section and the outer shape of the single-core circular arch frame vary depending on the traversing position of the cutting portion of the cutter groove 14. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, since radius R2 is larger than radius R1, L2 is larger than L1.
By adjusting the vertical difference by moving the cutter part of the open chain groove excavating chain cutter in parallel by the cutter slide mechanism, the difference in the interval is adjusted along the flat cross section and without being twisted by the cutter groove 14. A matching slit can be drilled.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention is a dramatic increase in the cost of excavating tunnels due to the extension of the excavation period and the increase in the amount of overburden in multi-core circular tunnel excavation using conventional single-core circular tunnel construction machines. It is possible to prevent a significant increase and to greatly improve the construction efficiency.
In addition, the problem of a decrease in the strength of the arch-shaped support plate due to twisting of the watermark groove by the tunnel construction machine for multi-core circles already filed as an invention is also brought into the shape of a predetermined watermark groove by the cutter slide mechanism of the present invention. In addition, since the position of the cutter part of the chain cutter for open-pit groove excavation can be adjusted, an excellent tunnel capable of forming a predetermined accurate and accurate open-end groove and constructing an arch-shaped support plate with sufficient strength A construction machine can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall side view showing a tunnel construction machine equipped with a cutter slide mechanism and a traversing device.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a cutter slide mechanism.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section of a multi-core circular tunnel, a watermark groove, an arch-shaped support plate and an arch frame according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an overall side view showing a multicore circular tunnel construction machine equipped with a traversing device in a conventional example.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional shape of a watermark groove of a single-core circular shape and a multi-core circular tunnel in a conventional example.
FIG. 6 is an overall side view showing a single core circular tunnel construction machine provided with a traversing device in a conventional example.
7 is a cross-sectional front view showing an embodiment in which a tunnel is constructed using the single core circular tunnel construction machine of FIG.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a tunnel support composed of continuously formed arched support plates.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tunnel, 2 arch frame, 2a rack, 3 cutter traversing device, 4 watermark cutter for chain drilling, 5 watermark groove, 6 pinion, 7 lifting hydraulic cylinder, 8a cylinder part, 8b piston, 9 hydraulic motor, 10 speed reducer , 11 Ground, 12 Traveling device, 13 Cutter slide mechanism, 14 Cutter groove, 15 Arch support plate, 16 Rail, 17 Driving device, 18 Hardening material injection pipe, 19 Hose, 20 Arc-shaped guide member, 21 For moving Drive device, 22 movable frame, 23 cutter advance / retreat drive device, 24 moving frame, 25 moving hydraulic cylinder, 26a cylinder, 26b piston, 27 slide frame, 28 rotating shaft

Claims (2)

Cutter traversing device with an arcuate guide member that is provided so that the open-end groove chain cutter is movable in the front-rear direction is movable along a single-core circular arch frame arranged facing the face In the tunnel construction machine for excavating the watermark groove on the outer periphery of the face by moving the watermark cutter for excavating the watermark groove along the arch frame via the cutter traversing device, the cutter traversing device A tunnel construction machine characterized in that a cutter slide mechanism is provided movably in the radial direction of the tunnel cross section, and an arcuate guide member is pivotally supported by the cutter slide mechanism . The cutter slide mechanism is No設in front of the transverse device, the tunnel construction machine according to claim 1 Ru Tei and a hydraulic cylinder and moving hydraulic cylinder elevation.

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