JPH0453455A - Feed additive for crustacean - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the title feed additive capable of improving the color fryingness and taste of crustacean and promoting its growth when added to its feed, comprising a specified amount of the fine powder of carotenoid coloring matter such as astaxanthin and lecithin. CONSTITUTION:The objective additive comprising (A) 0.01-10wt.% of the fine powder of a carotenoid coloring matter selected from astaxanthin and its precursor and (B) lecithin, and pref. furthermore, (C) animal and/or vegetable oil (pref. vegetable oil, fish oil, beast oil; the weight ratio of vegetable oil to animal oil being 1:2) with the weight ratio B/C = pref. (1:99)-(90:10).

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Technical Field The present invention relates to a feed additive for crustaceans such as shrimp and crabs, and more specifically, it is added to feed for crustaceans such as shrimp and crabs to improve the coloration of the crustaceans. The present invention also relates to feed additives for promoting growth and improving taste.

Conventional technology The main body surface pigment of crustaceans such as shrimp and crabs is a type of carotenoid called astaxanthin, but it cannot be synthesized in the body, so when artificially rearing crustaceans, it is difficult to obtain the carotenoid that should be ingested in the diet. Blue to light colored shrimp due to shortage,
The appearance of crabs and the like is seen from time to time, and this is one of the causes of decreasing product value.

Therefore, it is possible to add astaxanthin or its precursors such as β-carotene, canthaxanthin, and seaxanthin to the feed, but these carotenoids are extremely unstable in the presence of air, light, heat, acids, metal ions, etc., and are isomerized. It is easy to cause 1 polymerization and 1 decomposition, so it cannot be coated with gelatin etc.
Even if these fine carotenoid powders are directly blended into feed or dispersed in animal or vegetable oil, they cannot be used as feed additives unless they are effectively oxidized. On the other hand, there are restrictions on the type and amount of antioxidants used as food and feed additives, and carotenoid-containing color enhancers that can be used as feed additives for crustaceans have not been developed to be satisfactory.

The problem that the invention aims to solve is to develop a feed additive that stably contains carotenoids that are effective for enhancing the color of crustaceans over a long period of time, without relying on antioxidants such as food additives or feed additives. It is desired to provide such a system, and it is the main purpose of the present invention to meet such a problem. Also, you can not only color the crustaceans, but also promote growth 1.
It is also an object of the invention to provide a feed additive that contributes to improving taste. Furthermore, it is another object of the invention to provide a feed additive whose amount can be freely controlled to meet market needs, depending on the region, type of crustacean, breeding period, etc. There is one.

Means for Solving the Problems According to the present invention, according to the above-mentioned object, the present invention is composed of a carotenoid pigment fine powder selected from astaxanthin or its precursor and lecithin, and the carotenoid content is 0.01 to 0.01.
An additive of 10.0% by weight, more preferably a carotenoid pigment fine powder selected from astaxanthin or its precursor, lecithin and animal and vegetable oils, with a carotenoid content of 0.01 to 10% by weight based on the total weight. .0% by weight,
The ratio or weight ratio of lecithin to plants and animals is 1:99-90:1
This is achieved by using feed additives that are 0.

The present inventors discovered that when a carotenoid pigment fine powder selected from astaxanthin or its precursor was dispersed (including partially dissolved) in lecithin, the carotenoid was extremely stable and did not require the addition of an antioxidant. An oil-soluble substance that can be effectively stored for a long period of time without causing polymerization, isomerization, etc., and because it uses lecithin, it has a dispersion-solubilizing effect as a surfactant and a role as an antioxidant. It was discovered that such a compound is effective as a feed additive because it is useful for improving absorption from the intestinal tract and controlling exposure in the living body, and this is the basis of the present invention.

The carotenoid used in the present invention is shrimp.

Astaxanthin, which is known as a pigment that determines the body color of crustaceans such as crabs, as well as β-carotene, echinenone, canthaxanthin, phenicoxanthin, and zeaxanthin, which are known as precursors of astaxanthin.
-ketozeaxanthin, etc., and these are all tetraterpenes with 8 isoprenes having 5 carbon atoms and 40
They are a group of natural pigments widely distributed in nature that have an absorption maximum in the range of 0 to 600 mm and exhibit orange to red colors. These are fine powders,
It is commercially available in the form of a seratin-coated fine powder, and can be chemically synthesized or extracted and purified from animals and plants, and either can be effectively used for the purpose of the present invention.

Lecithin is a type of lipid called phospholipid and is shown by the following structural formula, CH2-0-CORI CI-! -0-COR2 CH2-0-P-B (in the formula, R, COO and R2COO represent fatty acid groups; B represents choline, phosphatidylcholine, ethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, myo-inositol, phosphatidylinositol, serine, phosphadylserine) ) are generally known, and commercially available products include soybean lecithin, egg yolk lecithin, and the like, all of which are useful in the present invention. In particular, soybean lecithin is preferably used from the economic standpoint.

In the present invention, the above-mentioned carotenoid is dispersed in the lecithin in a range of 0.01 to 10.0% by weight and used as a feed additive. In this case, if the viscosity of lecithin is too high, the viscosity can be controlled by adding an appropriate amount of an appropriate solvent such as alcohol or animal or vegetable oil.
Since lecithin itself is relatively susceptible to hydrolysis and is decomposed into glycerin heptaphosphate choline and the like, it is desirable to store it to prevent moisture as much as possible.

Carotenoid content is the amount of additive added to feed.

Considering economical efficiency, etc., it is practical to select it within the range of <0.01 to 10.0% by weight as described above, but it can be increased or decreased as desired. When adding the above additives to feed for crustaceans, as mentioned above, the carotenoid content should be adjusted as appropriate depending on the growth condition of the crustaceans or the breeding period, or in the case of domestic shrimp and crabs, the carotenoid content should be adjusted as usual. By using the above-mentioned additives in a proportion of about 1 to 10% based on the weight of the feed, extremely excellent color enhancement can be achieved.

The feed additive of the present invention can be used without using antioxidants.
Because lecithin itself has an antioxidant effect, it is extremely stable and can withstand long-term storage.Moreover, lecithin itself can be effectively used as a phospholipid for the injection of carotenoids, oil-soluble substances, and fats and oils, so it is used as a feed additive for crustaceans. It is extremely effective.

The present inventors have conducted research from the viewpoint that astaxanthin is not only effective in enhancing the color of crustaceans, but also has the potential to be even more effective in promoting growth in rearing and improving the taste and meat quality of chicks. It has also been found that the object can be achieved by further blending animal and vegetable oils with carotenoid pigment fine powder and lecithin, which are its precursors.

Therefore, in the second aspect of the present invention, 0.
01 to 10.0% by weight of carotenoid pigment fine powder,
A feed additive comprising lecithin and animal and vegetable oil in a weight ratio of 1:99 to 90:10 is provided. As the animal and vegetable oil, any edible oil such as soybean oil, corn oil, peanut oil, cod liver oil, fish oil, and fish oil hydrogenated S (hydrogenated oil), fish oil, etc. can be used. The ratio of lecithin to animal and vegetable oil can be varied widely depending on the type of crustacean being reared, its growth stage, rearing period, etc., or it is best to use a weight ratio of 1:99 to 90:10. It's practical. As mentioned above, the animal and vegetable oils may be any vegetable oil, fish oil, etc. suitable for food or breeding, and may be used alone or in combination of two or more. As already mentioned, since lecithin itself acts as an antioxidant, there is no need to separately add an oxidation #j correcting agent. However, when using a large amount of fish oil etc., antioxidants may be added if desired. Those approved by the government should be used.

The present inventors have developed the following methods: kuruma shrimp, ushi shrimp (black tiger)
, in the case of spiny shrimp, etc., it is particularly effective in improving the growth and taste of crustaceans when animal and vegetable oils are used in a weight ratio mixture of 1 part vegetable oil such as soybean oil to 2 parts fish oil, and depending on the type of shrimp, only vegetable oil or animal oil rich We have also found out facts such as that it is preferable.

The feed additive according to the present invention may be stored in a closed container and added to feed in an appropriate amount. By using the feed additive of the present invention, it is possible to not only improve the color of crustaceans, but also to promote their growth and improve their taste.The additive itself does not have any toxicity and is extremely effective in raising crustaceans.

The present invention will be explained below with reference to Examples.

Example 1 40 kg of lecithin was placed in a container, and then 12 kg of β-carotene crystal fine powder was added under strong stirring, and a small amount of soybean oil was added for the purpose of viscosity adjustment, and the mixture was sufficiently dispersed.

Further, 120 kg of soybean oil was added and stirring was continued, then 160 kg of purified liver oil and 60 kg of purified fish oil were added, and finally 8 kg of plant extract was added, and the contents were thoroughly stirred and mixed. The obtained liquid mixture was filled into an 18 ρ square can with a cap while being slowly stirred, and the container was sealed and stored.

The above additive, which had been stored for about 6 months, was added at a ratio of 50 g to 1 kg of shrimp feed, stirred well, and added to the feed.

During the breeding period of 30 days before shipment, the following results were obtained to determine the effect on the color and growth of the shrimp.

Blending ratio of this additive ■β-carotene 3 (w/w %) ■Lecithin 10 ■Soybean oil 30 ■Refined liver oil 40 ■Refined fish oil 15 ■Plant extract 2 Total 100 Breeding with feed supplemented with the feed additive of the present invention Compared to shrimp fed only regular feed, the meat quality and taste were significantly improved.

It was easily assumed that the rate of absorption and accumulation into the body could be increased depending on the degree of micronization of Chin, and that it would be possible to further reduce the rate.

(Hereafter, extra white) Example 2

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A feed additive for crustaceans consisting of a carotenoid pigment fine powder selected from astaxanthin or its precursor and lecithin, and having a carotenoid content of 0.01 to 10.0% by weight. (2) Consisting of carotenoid pigment fine powder selected from astaxanthin or its precursor, lecithin, and animal and vegetable oil, with a carotenoid content of 0.01 to 0.01 to total weight
10.0% by weight, a feed additive for crustaceans in which the ratio of lecithin to animal and vegetable oil is 1:99 to 90:10 by weight. (3) The additive according to claim 2, wherein the animal and vegetable oil is vegetable oil, fish oil, animal oil, or a mixture thereof. (4) The additive according to claim 3, wherein the animal and vegetable oil is a mixture of vegetable oil and animal oil in a weight ratio of 1:2.