JPH04158749A - Feed additive for fishes - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the subject additive, composed of fine powder of a specified carotenoid-based pigment such as astaxanthin constructing body surface pigments, muscular pigments, spawn pigments of fishes in a specific amount and lecithin and capable of improving color heightening of the body surface pigments, etc., of the fishes and taste and promoting growth. CONSTITUTION:The objective additive is composed of 0.005-10.0wt.% fine powder of a carotenoid-based pigment selected from astaxanthin, zeaxanthin, beta-carotene, canthaxanthin, lutein or tunaxanthin constructing body surface pigments, muscular pigments and spawn pigments of fishes or precursors thereof, lecithin and preferably animal or vegetable fats and oils. The ratio of the lecithin to the animal or vegetable fats and oils is (1:99)-(90:10) weight ratio.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Technical Field The present invention relates to a feed additive for fish, and more specifically, it is added to fish feed to extremely enhance the color of body surface pigments, muscle pigments, and fish egg pigments unique to fish. This invention relates to feed additives that improve feed quality in a short period of time, promote growth, and improve taste.

Conventional technology The main body surface, muscle, and egg pigments of fish are astaxanthin, zeaxanthin, β-carotene, canthaxanthin, and l.
Retein, a group of carotenoids called tunaxanthin, cannot be synthesized in the body, and therefore, when fish are raised artificially, fish with unnatural colors often appear due to the lack of carotenoids that should be ingested in the diet. This is one of the causes of decreased product value.

Therefore, it may be possible to add astaxanthin, zeaxanthin, β-carotene, canthaxanthin, lutein, tunaxanthin, etc. to the feed, but these groups of carotenoids are highly sensitive to air, light, and heat.

It is very unstable to acids, metal ions, etc. and easily causes isomerization, monopolymerization, and decomposition. Therefore, it is best to use fine carotenoid powder coated with gelatin or the like provided on the market, or directly add this kind of carotenoid powder to feed. Or, even if it is dispersed in animal or vegetable oil, it cannot be used as a feed additive unless effective oxidation prevention is performed. Ester derivatives of rotinoid have also been proposed, but they are not sufficiently effective. There are restrictions on the type and amount of antioxidants used as agents.
Carotenoid-containing color enhancers as fish feed additives have not been developed satisfactorily.

The problem that the invention aims to solve is to provide a feed additive that stably contains carotenoids that are effective for enhancing the color of fish body surfaces and muscle eggs over a long period of time, without relying on antioxidants as food additives or feed additives. There is a need to provide a drug for the treatment of cancer, and it is the main objective of the present invention to meet this demand. It is an object of the present invention to provide a feed T4 additive that not only improves the color of the body surface, muscles, and eggs of fish but also promotes growth, improves meat quality, and egg quality in a short period of time. Furthermore, it is another object of the invention to provide a feed additive that can freely control the type and amount of carotenoid added to feed in order to meet market needs, depending on the region, type of fish, breeding season and period, etc. According to the present invention, the above-mentioned object of the invention is to provide a carotenoid pigment fine powder that is adjusted to match the pigment composition of the body surface, muscles, and eggs unique to each species of fish. and lecithin, and the carotenoid content is 0. [:11,15-30% by weight of additives, more particularly astaxanthin, zeaxanthin, β-carotene.

It consists of a carotenoid pigment fine powder selected from canthaxanthin, tunaxanthin, lutein or its precursor, lecithin and animal and vegetable oils, and the carotenoid content is 005-100% by weight96, based on the total weight of lecithin and animal and vegetable oils. This is achieved by a feed additive having a proportion or weight ratio of 1:99-91]-11]. A carotenoid pigment fine powder selected from canthaxanthin, tunaxanthin, lutein, or a precursor is dispersed in lecithin (
(including dissolution), the carotenoid is extremely stable and can be effectively stored for a long period of time without decomposition, polymerization, isomerization, etc., even without adding antioxidants. In addition to its dispersion and solubilization effect as an active agent and its role as an antioxidant, it also acts not only as a phospholipid as a nutrient, as previously thought, but also as a carrier, improving the absorption of oil-soluble substances from the intestinal tract. We discovered that such a formulation is effective as a feed additive because it is useful for controlling the composition and amount of fish body lipids in vivo, which is the basis of the present invention. be.

The carotenoids used in the present invention include astaxanthin, zeaxanthin, β-carotene, canthaxanthin, tunaxanthin, and lutein, which are known as pigments that determine the body color, muscle color, and egg color of fish. Tetraterpene is a group of tetraterpenes having 8 carbon atoms and 8 carbon atoms, and is a group of natural pigments that are widely distributed in nature and have an absorption maximum between 401 and 700 nm and exhibit orange to red colors. These are commercially available in the form of fine powders and ceratin-coated fine powders, and can be effectively utilized for the purpose of the present invention by chemical synthesis, extraction and purification from animals, plants, or bacterial cells.

Lecithin is a type of lipid called a phospholipid and has the following structural formula: CH2-0-COR.

CH-0-COR2 CH2-〇-P-B (In the formula, R, Coo and R2COO are fatty acid groups: B
is choline, phosphatidylcholine, ethanolamine,
Phosphatidylethanolamine, myo-inositol,
Phosphatidylinositol, serine, phosphadylserine) are generally known, and soybean lecithin, egg yolk lecithin, and modified products thereof are commercially available, all of which are useful in the present invention. Lecithin is preferably used from the economic point of view.6 In the present invention, the above-mentioned carotenoid is added to this lecithin by +3.0.
1) It is used as a feed additive by dispersing and containing it within the range of 5 to 1 i) and I) weight %. In this case, if the viscosity of lecithin is too high, the viscosity can be controlled by adding an appropriate amount of an appropriate solvent such as alcohol or animal or vegetable oil, but lecithin itself is relatively susceptible to hydrolysis, and glycerin, phosphoric acid, etc.

Since it is decomposed into choline etc., it is desirable to store it to prevent moisture as much as possible.

Carotenoid content is the amount of additive added to feed.

Considering economic efficiency etc., sails 005~10, 1) as above.
Is it practical to select within the range of weight %?
It can be increased or decreased as desired. When adding the above additives to fish feed, as mentioned above, the carotenoid content should be adjusted appropriately depending on the growth condition of the fish being raised, the breeding period, etc. By using the above additive at a ratio of about 109b to 109b, it is possible to achieve an extremely excellent color enhancement effect. Because of its effectiveness, it is extremely stable and can withstand long-term storage (7-1). Furthermore, lecithin itself can be effectively used as a phospholipid to cover carotenoids, oil-soluble substances, and fats and oils, making it extremely effective as a feed additive for fish. .

The present inventors have found that it not only has an effect on increasing the color of fish, but also has a remarkable effect on promoting growth during breeding, improving the taste, meat quality, and egg quality, as well as improving fertilization, hatching, and survival rates during breeding of fish. As a result of conducting research from the viewpoint that such additives would be even more effective if they worked effectively, we found that astaxanthin, zeaxanthin, β-carotene, canthaxanthin,
It has been found that the object can be achieved by adding animal and vegetable oils to lutein, tunaxanthin, or their precursor carotenoid pigment fine powder, and lecithin.

Therefore, in the second aspect of the present invention, 0.
1 5 to 100% by weight carotenoid pigment fine powder,
A feed additive consisting of lecithin and animal and vegetable oils in a weight ratio of 1:99 to 9 (].10 is provided.The animal and vegetable oils include soybean oil, corn oil, peanut oil, cod liver oil, other fish oils, and hydrogenated fish oils. Any edible oil such as hydrogenated oil, fish oil, etc. can be used.

Is it possible to change the ratio of lecithin to animal and vegetable oils depending on the type of fish being raised, their growth stage, breeding period, etc.?
(2) It is most practical to use a weight ratio of 99 to 90:10. As mentioned above, as the animal and vegetable oils, any vegetable oil, fish oil, etc. suitable for food and breeding may be used alone or in combination of two or more. As already mentioned, since cytin itself exhibits an antioxidant function, there is no need to separately add an antioxidant. However, when using a large amount of fish oil etc., antioxidants may be added if desired. Those approved for use should be used.

The present inventors have also discovered that depending on the type of fish, it is preferable to use only vegetable oil or one rich in animal oil.

The feed additive according to the present invention can be stored in a closed container, and an appropriate amount can be added and mixed with the rI feed. The taste, meat quality, and egg quality have been improved, and the additive itself has no toxicity, making it extremely effective for fish breeding.

The present invention will be explained below with reference to Examples.

Example 1 30 kg of lecithin was charged in a container, and then 0 β-carotene was added.
．． 1. kg. Astaxanthin (0.1 kg) and zeaxanthin (0.05) cg were added under strong stirring, and a small amount of soybean oil was added for the purpose of viscosity adjustment, and the mixture was sufficiently dispersed.

Further, 31 kg of soybean oil was added and stirring was continued, followed by 25 kg of purified liver oil and 13 kg of purified fish oil, and finally 1.75 kg of plant extract, and the contents were thoroughly stirred and mixed. The obtained liquid mixture was filled into a square can with a cap while being slowly stirred, and the can was sealed and stored.

1 kg of birch bark feed containing the above additives stored for about 6 months
It was added to the feed at a ratio of 15 g and 30 g, and the feed was given after stirring well.

During the rearing period of 30 days before shipment, the color enhancement effect and meat quality and taste improvement effect of Japanese birch were investigated, and the results shown in Table 1 were obtained.

(Kanbachi) (W/W%
)1, β-carotene 0. 02, astaxanthin υ, 103, zeaxanthin 0.054, lecithin
305, soybean oil
306, Refined liver oil 257, Refined fish oil 138, M substance extract 1.75 total
100.0 Example 2 The additive of the present invention was procured according to the same method as in Example 1 with the following formulation, added to feed for red sea bream, and the effect was examined.
Obtained the results in the table.

(Matai) (W/W%
)1, astaxanthin 0. O◇2, β
-Carotene 0.023, lutein
O9υ24, lecithin
2))5. Soybean oil
356, refined liver oil 307,
Refined fish oil 138, plant extract 1.9 Example 3 The additive of the present invention was adjusted according to the same method as in Example 1 with the following formulation, added to rainbow trout feed, and the effects were examined.The results are shown in Table 2. I got it.

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) Comprising lecithin and a carotenoid pigment fine powder selected from astaxanthin, zeaxanthin, β-carotene, canthaxanthin, lutein, tunaxanthin or their precursors, which constitute fish body surface pigments, muscle pigments, and fish egg pigments, The carotenoid content is 0.005 to 10
．． Fish feed additive that is 0% by weight (2) Fine carotenoid pigment powder selected from body surface pigments and muscle pigments of fish, astaxanthin, zeaxanthin, β-carotene, canthaxanthin, lutein, tunaxanthin or their precursors that constitute fish egg pigments, lecithin, and animal and vegetable oils. A feed additive for fish, comprising a carotenoid content of 0.005 to 10.0% by weight based on the total weight, and a ratio of lecithin to animal and vegetable oil of 1:99 to 90:10 by weight. (3) The additive according to claim 2, wherein the animal and vegetable oil is vegetable oil, fish oil, animal oil, or a mixture thereof. (4) The additive according to claim 3, wherein the animal and vegetable oil is a 1:1 weight ratio mixture of vegetable oil and animal oil.