JPH0451130B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a seedling-raising facility for raising rice seedlings and the like that are planted using a rice transplanter.

[Conventional technology]

As rice transplanters and other seedling planting machines that mechanically plant seedlings have become widely used, the raising of seedlings that are planted using such seedling planting machines has also come to be done artificially. ing.

For this purpose, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 48-61007, multiple rows of trolleys each consisting of a plurality of trolleys on which seedling boxes are placed in multiple tiers are provided along the row of trolleys. A seedling raising facility has been proposed in which the seedling growing boxes on each trolley are irrigated by means of watering means that moves along with the seedlings.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, as disclosed in the above-mentioned publication, for example, the mobile irrigation means installed in conventional seedling-raising facilities irrigate by spraying water toward the row of trolleys from a position far away from the row of trolleys at the side of the row of trolleys. Even if a water pipe is installed over a certain height and has many water sprinkling ports in the vertical direction, it will only water the seedling box in a rough manner and will not water the seedlings in large numbers. It was impossible to evenly water the entire surface of each seedling box.

In other words, if you want to irrigate or spray chemicals on planted trees or other seedlings using warm water, etc., you can use a water area to spread the chemicals almost uniformly to all the seedlings by rough watering or sprinkling, Whenever small seedling boxes are placed vertically apart from each other, water is sprayed from a considerable distance towards the trolleys that are placed close together, resulting in extremely rough and uneven watering. Only a certain amount of irrigation is done.

Therefore, the growth of seedlings is highly uneven both when looking at a large number of seedling boxes as a whole and when looking at each seedling box individually.As a result, the conventionally proposed seedling raising facilities for rice seedlings, etc. are not practical and are simply The reality is that proposals are being piled up.

Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a new seedling-raising facility that is equipped with an irrigation means for evenly and uniformly watering a large number of seedling-raising boxes, and is capable of uniformly raising seedlings on a large scale while saving labor. It is.

[Technical means designed to solve the problem]

A feature of the structure of the present application is that a plurality of cart rows each having a plurality of carts equipped with multi-tiered shelves on which seedling boxes can be placed at intervals vertically and guided by a linear rail are arranged in plural rows with spaces between them. and two seedling growing boxes are placed on each row of trolleys in a direction perpendicular to the rail, and above the plurality of rows of trolleys are placed parallel to the rail in a direction that crosses the row of trolleys. A beam is provided that can be moved back and forth in the direction of the vehicle, and a plurality of vertical nozzles are attached to a water supply pipe that is fixedly supported by this beam. Each nozzle is provided with a number of injection ports corresponding to the number of shelves of seedling boxes in each row in the vertical direction of the cart, and the injection ports are installed on the rail of each row of carts. Two seedling boxes placed in orthogonal directions are watered individually from the side of each seedling box on both the left and right sides of the rail direction, moving up and down into each row of seedling boxes. The seedling raising facility of the present invention, which was developed based on the problem of the invention, has seedling raising boxes spaced apart vertically, as shown in the attached diagram. A plurality of rows of trolleys L each including a plurality of trolleys W equipped with multi-tiered shelves 3 on which B can be placed are guided by linear rails 6 are provided with intervals between them, and the plurality of rows of trolleys L are provided with intervals therebetween. Above L, a beam 21BE is provided which extends in a direction across the bogie train L and is made to reciprocate in a direction parallel to the rail 6, and water supply pipes 23, 44 are fixedly supported by this beam 21BE.
, a plurality of vertical nozzles N are arranged and attached so that each nozzle N is located close to the bogie row L from the side of each bogie row L, and each nozzle N is attached to the bogie W.
A number of injection ports 22b corresponding to the number of stages of the shelves 3 are provided in each of the seedling raising boxes B in the vertical direction to individually irrigate the seedling raising boxes B from the sides.

〔Example〕

Embodiments To explain the seedling raising facility according to the present invention, this seedling raising facility, which is generally installed inside a house D (FIG. 1), is equipped with a large number of carts W, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. ing. Each of these carts W
As shown in Fig. 3, has a plurality (3) of partitions 1 at equal intervals along the length, and horizontally between the partitions 1 and the end partitions 2 at both ends of the length. In each compartment defined by the partitions 1 and 2, a seedling raising box B as shown in FIG. 4 is placed on the shelves at both ends. It is possible to stack and install a large number of two sheets parallel to each other along the vertical direction on a board 3, and the interval between the upper and lower shelf boards 3 is such that the seedling box B is placed at a constant interval α in the vertical direction. 7 and 10 are spaced so that they can be placed apart. The end partition 2 of each truck W is provided with a vertical bar 4 at the center in the width direction, and each truck D is provided with an appropriate number of wheels 5. In the illustrated case, the wheels 5 is made to face inside the rail groove 6 on the floor surface, and is made to roll within the rail groove 6. As shown in FIG. 4, each seedling raising box B is a shallow box with a large number of small-diameter through holes 7 bored in the bottom.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 5, the carts W carrying a large number of seedling boxes B as described above are connected to a cart train L in which a plurality of carts W are connected in series with each other.
are arranged in a plurality of rows with a fixed interval Q between each row L, and a large number of them are fixedly installed in a facility.

The distance between the two tank cars L at the center of the width of the facility is slightly larger as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 5, and the following tank cars T are placed within this distance. It is provided. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, this tank car T is equipped with an appropriate number (4) of wheels 9 that roll in rail grooves 8 on the floor along the bogie row L, and the wheels 9 on the tank car T are Reversible motor 1
It is constructed as a self-propelled type that is reciprocated along the rail groove 8 by forcibly rotating the wheel 9 at one end. Also, this tank car T is equipped with a large capacity water tank 11, and as shown in FIG. 6, it is driven by a motor 12 on the tank car T to suck water from inside the water tank 11 and discharge it. A pump 13 is installed on the tank car T, and the pump 13 discharges water into the water supply pipe 14 on the tank car T. The pressure can be adjusted by a pressure regulating valve 16 inserted into a reflux pipe 15 led into the tank 11.

A rail 17 located at the center in the width direction and rails 18 located at both ends are installed at the ceiling level in the facility.
A beam 21 is installed along the length of the facility, and has rollers 19 and 20 on the lower side that roll on these rails 17 and 18, as shown in FIGS. 2, 6, and 8. has been done. And this beam 2
1 is said to be fixed to the top end of the tank car T and to be able to reciprocate at the ceiling level as the tank car T travels back and forth. The facing vertical nozzle N,
In other words, the nozzles N have an inverted gate shape between each row L and a straight line at the side end, and a large number of nozzles 22, which are shown taken out in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, there is a nozzle N facing sideways between the seedling boxes B on the cart W, and this nozzle N is placed along the beam 21 at its upper end. The beam 21
A water supply pipe 23 fixedly supported by a tank car T.
A water supply pipe 23 connected to the water supply pipe 14 above
is connected to. 24 shown in Figures 5 and 6 is
It is a suspension support device for the nozzle N, which is equipped with a turnbuckle 24a, and each of the above-mentioned nozzle devices 22 has a ninth
As shown in the figure, a slit 22 is formed at the tip.
An elliptical injection port 22b is opened in the center of the seedling box B and spreads out in a fan shape to spray water to the full width of the seedling raising box B.

Also, both motors 1 on the tank car that is traveling
Power is supplied to the terminals 0 and 12 via the following flexible cable 25. In other words, the rail 1 at the center in the width direction of the facility
Another rail 26 made of H-shaped steel is installed above the rail 17 along the rail 17, and as shown in FIG.
7 is slidably supported, the base end is connected to a power source, and the tip is connected to the motor 10 on the tank car T.
A flexible cable 25 connected to the tank car T is suspended, and power is supplied to the motors 10 and 12 via the cable 25 whose tip moves together with the tank car T. Note that to automatically change the running direction of the tank car T by changing the rotation direction of the motor 10 at each moving end of the tank car T, it is possible to automatically change the running direction of the tank car T by attaching a forward/reverse switch to the tank car T and moving this switch. This can be done by making the switching operation occur by contacting the end with an actuating body fixedly installed on the floor surface.

An example of a method for raising seedlings that is carried out using the seedling raising facility illustrated in FIGS. 1-10 will be described. Seeds are sown in the seedling raising box B before the seedling raising box B is loaded onto the cart W. For this purpose, a bed material such as soil or foamed polyurethane is placed in a seedling raising box B, and seeds such as rice seed are sown thereon using a known sowing machine and covered with soil as appropriate. Then, the seedling raising boxes B after sowing are carried by other trolleys and loaded using the shelf boards 3 onto the many trolleys W arranged in the seedling raising facility as described above, or they are loaded by other means. At the location, the cart W is loaded using the shelf board 3, and then the cart W is loaded.
By moving and arranging as described above, the state shown in the figure is obtained. This is where the seedling-raising period begins, and if necessary, the temperature is adjusted by blowing warm air into the facility or installing mercury lamps. In the case of a place where rice seedlings are raised, watering is not performed until the seedlings germinate, and watering is performed from the time when germination is almost completed, approximately three days after sowing. This irrigation is carried out in the following preferred manner. That is, this irrigation is carried out by starting the motor 10 on the tank car T and reciprocating the tank car T along the trolley train L over a long distance of, for example, 80 m at a low speed of, for example, 15 m/min.
In addition, a pump 13 is driven by a motor 12 to discharge a water column of, for example, about 20 m from the water tank 11 to each nozzle N via water supply pipes 14 and 23.
Water is supplied at this water pressure to the jetting device 22, and the jetting flow rate from each spouting device 22 is, for example, 140/min.
As mentioned above, from the spout tool 22 of the nozzle N to the first
As shown in Figure 0, water is sprayed to simultaneously irrigate all the seedling boxes B in the area where the tank truck T or nozzle N is located in the longitudinal direction of the facility. By promoting irrigation in this way, each seedling raising box B
In this way, after germination, watering is performed by moving the tank truck T and nozzle N while leaving the trolley W and seedling box B in the same position. This eliminates the need to move a large number of heavy trucks W, and the irrigation work is carried out completely naturally, resulting in significant labor savings. Since each seedling box B is irrigated with a constant pressure and a constant supply amount selected in You will be able to get about. In addition, in the conventional case, in order to prevent swelling of the soil-covered area due to seed germination, during the germination period, the seedling boxes are stacked one on top of the other on the seedling cart, and the weight of the upper seedling box is used as the medium. However, according to the facility shown in the diagram, the amount of water supplied during irrigation can be adjusted to an appropriate level by applying water from nozzle N that uniformly and uniformly sprinkles water into the seedling boxes above and below the same position as in the germination period. By selecting the soil that has risen to the surface,
This allows the seedlings to sink downwards due to the flushing effect of water, etc., so as not to interfere with the rooting of the seedlings. Furthermore, when a larger amount of water is desired as the seedlings grow, this adjustment can be made by increasing the facility pressure of the pressure regulating valve 16, and furthermore, it is possible to make this adjustment by increasing the facility pressure of the pressure regulating valve 16. A water amount detection device that is interlocked with a detection means such as a float in the water tank 11, a stop actuation device that automatically stops the tank car T in conjunction with the operation of this device to detect a decrease in the amount of water below a certain amount, and this device. By providing an automatic water supply device that automatically supplies water from the water supply port of the water tank 11 after the tank truck T is stopped by the device, the present invention can automatically replenish water to the tank truck T. In addition to automating the irrigation work, various types of automatic control and automatic operation can be easily implemented. In this way, after germination, the seedlings are continued to be raised while being irrigated for a certain period of time, for example 6 days, and when the expected level of seedling growth is achieved, the trolley W is pulled out and the whole seedling raising box B is handed over to individual farmers. etc., etc.

Next, another embodiment shown in FIG. 11 will be explained. In this embodiment, three rails 40 similar to the rails 17 and 18 are installed at the ceiling of the seedling raising facility.
41 is installed along the length direction of the bogie train L, and these rails 40, 41 support and guide the wheels 42,
43, a running beam similar to said beam 21
A BE is provided along the width direction of the facility, and connected to a water supply pipe 44 that is fixedly supported by the beam BE along this running beam BE, and a nozzle N similar to the nozzle N
is suspended from the beam BE, but the traveling airway means of the beam BE and the water supply means for supplying water to the nozzle N via the water supply pipe 44 are different from those in the previous embodiment and are configured as follows. .

That is, a pair of front and rear wire ropes 45, 46 are fixed at one end at both ends of the running beam BE, and the other ends of these wire ropes 45, 46 are placed along the rails 41 on both sides, so that the front and rear ends of the rails 41 are connected to each other. It is guided downward by pulleys 47 and 48, and then hoisted up by winches 49 and 50 placed on the floor.
In synchronization with the winding operation, the other front and rear winch 50 or 49 is operated to wind out the winding beam BE.
It is designed to obtain a reciprocating motion. A flexible hose 51 is connected at one end to the water supply pipe 44, and the other end of the hose 51 is guided downward along the rail 40 by a pulley 52I at the end of the rail 40, and then the hose 51 is connected to the floor surface. The other end of the hose 51 is guided into the drum of the winch 53, pulled out from the center of the drum, and connected to a pressurized water supply source such as a pump or water faucet (not shown). Te, beam
The hose 51 is fed out and rolled up while constantly applying tension to it in synchronization with the running of the BE, and water is continuously supplied to the nozzle N from the pressurized water supply source via the hose 51 and the water supply pipe 44. It consists of:

The method of raising seedlings carried out using the seedling raising facility shown in FIG. When building a facility that does not include a tank car T, as in the case of
The cost can be reduced by eliminating the need for a water replenishing device for the moving tank car T.

Next, another example of a seedling raising facility with a simpler structure shown in FIG. 12 will be explained.
This alternative embodiment is shown in FIG. 11, in which the winches 49 and 50 are omitted and the pulleys 47 and 48 are
A driving belt 60 such as a belt, rope, or chain, whose both ends are fixed to the traveling beam BE, is hung around wheels 57 and 58 such as equivalent pulleys or sprocket wheels, and is rotated by the wheel 57 at one end. A plastic rotation motor 61 for driving is attached. In other words, in this figure 12, the 11th
The four winches 49 and 50 in the figure are 2
Since the motor 61 is replaced with just one motor 61, the structure is that much simpler.

Furthermore, to further simplify the structure, as shown in FIG. 13, the drive band 6 in the one in FIG.
A drive belt 70 equivalent to 0 is fixed at both ends to the running beam BE, and wheels 71 and 72 at both ends of the central rail 40 are attached.
In addition, the wheel body 71 at one end is driven by the winch motor of the winch 53 for the hose 51. In other words, for example, as shown in FIG. This can be done by, for example, suspending the drive belt 75 between a wheel 73 attached to the winch 53 and a wheel 74 attached to the winch 53.

[Effect]

To irrigate the seedlings grown in a large number of seedling boxes B placed on the shelf 3 of the cart W, use the beam 21BE.
While moving the nozzles N attached to the water supply pipes 23, 44 along the respective trolley rows L on the side of each trolley row L by running the water supply pipes 23, 44.
Water is supplied into the nozzles N from the nozzles N, and water is injected all at once from the plurality of injection ports 22b of each nozzle N.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 10, water is sprayed individually into the seedling boxes B on each stage of the cart W from a position close to the side of the cart W, so that the seedling boxes B are evenly sprayed over the entire surface. At the same time, such irrigation is performed simultaneously for the seedling growing boxes B in each of the following tiers.

From the sides of each seedling box on both left and right sides in the longitudinal direction of each row of trolleys, the seedling boxes B are individually moved into each stage of seedling boxes B in the vertical direction by separate injection ports 22b. Since the structure is configured to irrigate, and water is applied from one side of each of the seedling growing boxes B in each of the left and right tiers, uniform watering is achieved over all of the seedling growing boxes B in the upper and lower tiers.

By reciprocating the beam 21BE and reciprocating the nozzle N between one end and the other end of the truck row L, watering is repeated for all of the numerous seedling boxes B on the plurality of carts in each truck row L. Similar irrigation can be obtained repeatedly, this time with beam 21BE
The nozzles N attached to the water supply pipes 23 and 44 fixedly supported move always in parallel with the row of trolleys L to maintain the relative position of the injection port 22b with respect to the seedling box B of each stage at a constant level. Irrigation water will be sprayed from a fixed location.

A plurality of vertical nozzles are attached to water supply pipes that are fixedly supported by beams, and are placed close to each bogie row from both left and right sides in the longitudinal direction of each bogie row. Water the entire multi-tiered seedling box on the left and right sides evenly in one operation.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The present application provides a plurality of rows of trolleys each having a plurality of trolleys equipped with multi-tiered shelves on which seedling boxes can be placed at intervals as shown below and guided by a straight rail, with spaces between them. Two seedling boxes are placed in a direction perpendicular to the rails of each row of trolleys, and the boxes are reciprocated above the plurality of rows of trolleys in a direction parallel to the rails in a direction that traverses the rows of trolleys. A beam is provided, and a plurality of vertical nozzles are arranged on a water supply pipe fixedly supported by the beam such that each nozzle is located close to the row of trolleys from both left and right sides in the longitudinal direction of the row of trolleys. Attachment: Each nozzle is provided with a number of injection ports corresponding to the number of shelves of seedling boxes in each row in the vertical direction of the cart, and the injection ports are placed in a direction perpendicular to the rail of each row of carts. The structure is configured so that water is applied individually from the side of each seedling box on both the left and right sides in the rail direction of the two seedling boxes that have been placed, moving up and down into the seedling boxes on each tier. Since the structure was configured to irrigate from one side of the trolley, two panels were installed perpendicular to the rails of the row of trolleys as a mobile irrigation means to irrigate the large number of small seedling boxes placed almost densely on the trolley. It has a plurality of individual injection ports that spray water from close lateral positions to each of the upper and lower rows of seedling boxes on the trolley while moving on both the left and right sides of the seedling box. Since a vertical nozzle is used, water can be uniformly applied to each seedling growing box by watering from a position close to the side of each seedling growing box. Both the upper and lower rows can be watered simultaneously from the left and right sides of two seedling boxes placed in orthogonal directions, achieving highly efficient watering in a short period of time.

Even when looking at a large number of seedling raising boxes as a whole, water is sprayed from each individual injection port, and water is individually irrigated while moving, so that even and uniform watering can be achieved between the seedling raising boxes. This can be achieved, and even when looking at individual seedling boxes, the growth of seedlings is uniform throughout a large number of seedling boxes, and uniform seedlings can be obtained.

A plurality of vertical nozzles are attached to water supply pipes that are fixedly supported by beams, and are placed close to each bogie row from both left and right sides in the longitudinal direction of each bogie row. The entire multi-tiered seedling box can be watered evenly and reliably in a single operation, and surplus water is not required, making it possible to create a resource- and energy-saving irrigation facility. In addition, by making the beam and water supply pipe separate members, the supply pipe with a nozzle fixedly supported by the beam that runs back and forth in a direction parallel to the trolley rail can be tightly aligned with the side adjacent to the trolley/seedling box. It is also possible to adjust the proximity distance between the nozzle and the seedling box.

The nozzle, which is attached to a water supply pipe that is fixedly supported on the upper traveling beam and placed close to the side of the row of bogies, always maintains a parallel relationship with the row of bogies that are guided by a straight rail. Since it is movable, the relative position of the spray nozzle relative to each tier of seedling boxes can be maintained constant, and each injection of water is performed from a fixed position, contributing to even seedling cultivation. can.

Therefore, for each of the plurality of bogie trains,
According to the present invention, which is configured to irrigate all at once using a plurality of nozzles that produce the effects of the above-described embodiments, it is possible to achieve moderately uniform seedling-raising results throughout large-scale seedling-raising while saving labor. The resulting irrigation facility has excellent features that can be realized.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 10 show one embodiment of the present invention, in which Figure 1 is a front view, Figure 2 is a plan view of a part of the facility, and Figures 3 and 4 are 1 and 4 respectively. Figure 5 is a perspective view of a part of the facility, Figure 6 is a vertical side view of the main part, Figure 7 is a vertical front view of the main part, and Figure 8 is a plan view of only the main parts. Figure 9 is an enlarged perspective view of one member, Figure 10 is a longitudinal sectional front view of the main part, and Figures 11, 12, and 13 are
The figures are partially cutaway and partially omitted perspective views showing other embodiments, respectively. W... Trolley, L... Trolley row, B... Seedling box, N
... Nozzle, T ... Tank car, BE ... Traveling beam, 3 ... Shelf board, 6 ... Rail groove, 9 ... Wheel,
10... Reversible motor, 11... Water tank, 12
... Motor, 13 ... Pump, 14 ... Water supply pipe,
17...Rail, 18...Rail, 21...Beam, 22...Spout fitting, 23...Water supply pipe, 40,4
1...Rail, 44...Water pipe, 45, 46...
Wire rope, 47, 48... Pulley, 49, 5
0... Winch, 51... Hose, 52... Pulley, 53... Torque motor winch, 57, 58
... Wheel body, 60 ... Drive band, 61 ... Reversible motor, 70 ... Drive band, 71, 72 ... Wheel body, 7
3, 74... Wheel body, 75... Drive belt.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of rows of trolleys each having a plurality of trolleys equipped with multi-tiered shelves on which seedling boxes can be placed at intervals vertically and guided by linear rails are provided with intervals between them, and each row of trolleys is Two seedling growing boxes are placed in a direction perpendicular to the rails of the rows, and above the plurality of rows of trolleys are reciprocated in a direction transverse to the rows of trolleys and parallel to the rails. A beam is provided, and a plurality of vertical nozzles are arranged on a water supply pipe fixedly supported by the beam so that each nozzle is located close to the bogie row from both left and right sides in the longitudinal direction of each bogie row. Each nozzle is provided with a number of injection ports corresponding to the number of shelves of seedling boxes in each row in the vertical direction of the cart, and the injection ports are installed in a direction perpendicular to the rail of each row of carts. It is configured to water individually from the sides of each seedling box on both the left and right sides in the rail direction of the two placed seedling boxes, moving up and down into each stage of the seedling growing box,
Seedling raising facility where water is applied from one side of each row of seedling boxes on the left and right.