JPH0420567B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application This invention relates to a seedling-raising facility for raising rice seedlings etc. that are planted using a rice transplanter.

Conventional Technology As rice transplanters and other seedling planting machines that mechanically plant seedlings have come into widespread use, the raising of seedlings that are planted using such seedling planting machines has come to be done artificially, so to speak. I'm getting used to it.

To do this, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 48-61007, multiple rows of trolleys are provided, each consisting of a plurality of trolleys on which seedling boxes are placed in multiple stages, and A seedling nursery facility has been proposed in which the seedling boxes on each trolley are irrigated by a mobile irrigation means.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, as disclosed in the above-mentioned publication, for example, the mobile irrigation means installed in the conventional seedling-raising facility does not apply water to the trolleys from a position far away from the row of trolleys on the side of the row of trolleys. It is assumed that water is sprayed from a fountain at the direction of the seedlings, and even if the water pipe is installed at a certain height and has many water sprinkling ports in the vertical direction, there will be no need for large amounts of water to be placed inside the seedling box. It was undesirable to only water the plants and uniformly water the entire surface of a large number of seedling boxes.

In other words, when watering or spraying chemicals on trees or other seedlings planted in a greenhouse, etc., it is possible to apply water or chemicals almost uniformly to all the seedlings by roughly sprinkling or spraying. However, it is very rough when watering a large number of small seedling boxes from a considerable distance towards a trolley that is placed almost closely together, even if there is vertical space between them. Irrigation is only done unevenly.

Therefore, the growth of seedlings is highly uneven both when looking at a large number of seedling boxes as a whole and when looking at each seedling box individually.As a result, the conventionally proposed seedling raising facilities for rice seedlings, etc. are not practical and are simply The reality is that it remains a proposal.

Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a new seedling-raising facility that is equipped with an irrigation means for evenly and uniformly watering a large number of seedling-raising boxes, and is capable of uniformly raising seedlings on a large scale while saving labor. It is.

Technical Means Taken to Solve the Problems As illustrated in the attached drawing, the seedling raising facility of the present invention developed under the object of the present invention has a row of trolleys L consisting of a plurality of trolleys W spaced apart from each other. A plurality of rows are provided, and each cart W has multi-tiered shelves 3 on which seedling boxes B can be placed at intervals vertically.
in two rows, in the longitudinal direction of the seedling box B and in the trolley row L.
A vertical nozzle N is provided so that the bogies can be loaded so that the longitudinal direction of the bogies coincides with each other, and a vertical nozzle N that can reciprocate along the length direction of the bogie row by being guided by a guide means is located close to the bogie row L. The number of injection ports corresponding to the number of stages of the shelf 3 is provided on one side and the other side, and each nozzle N sprays water individually into one seedling growing box B on the shelf in each stage. 22b, a moving drive device for moving the nozzle N along the truck train L, and a water supply device for supplying water to the nozzle N.

Operation To irrigate the seedlings grown in a large number of seedling boxes B placed on the shelf 3 of the trolley W, each vertical nozzle N located close to the row of trolleys L is moved along the row of trolleys L. At the same time, water is supplied into the nozzles N, and each nozzle N
The liquid is ejected all at once from a plurality of injection ports 22b.

At this time, the first
As illustrated in Figure 0, water is sprayed individually from a position close to the side of the trolley W, and the entire surface is uniformly watered, and at the same time, such water is applied to the seedling boxes B in each of the upper and lower stages at the same time. It is done. Since the seedling growing boxes B in each tier are individually irrigated from the respective injection ports 22b, uniform watering can be achieved throughout the seedling growing boxes B in the upper and lower tiers. The moving direction of the nozzle N and the longitudinal direction of the seedling growing box B are made to match, and the water jetting direction of each injection port 22b of the nozzle N is made to match the width direction of the seedling growing box B. Two rows of seedling boxes B are placed on the table, and watering is performed by each nozzle N on the side where the seedling box B for one row is located. The width of watering (watering width seen in the water jetting direction) shared by the port 22b is small, and the uniformity of watering over the entire surface of the seedling box B is high.

By reciprocating the nozzle N between one end and the other end of the truck train L, a large number of seedling boxes B can be repeatedly watered.

Embodiment To explain the seedling raising facility according to the present invention with regard to an embodiment, this seedling raising facility, which is generally installed in a house D (FIG. 1), has a large number of trolleys W as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. It is equipped with Each of these carts W
As shown in Fig. 3, has a plurality (3) of partitions 1 at equal intervals along the length, and horizontally between the partitions 1 and the end partitions 2 at both ends of the length. In each compartment defined by the partitions 1 and 2, a seedling raising box B as shown in FIG. 4 is placed on the shelves at both ends. It is possible to stack and install a large number of two seedling boxes parallel to each other along the vertical direction on a board 3, and the interval between the upper and lower shelf boards 3 is set so that the seedling box B is placed at a constant interval α (up and down). 7 and 10) are set at such intervals that they can be placed. And each trolley W
The end partition 2 is provided with a vertical bar 4 at the center in the width direction, and each truck D is provided with an appropriate number of wheels 5, and in the case shown, the wheels 5 are placed on the floor. It is designed to face inside the rail groove 6 and roll within the rail groove 6. As shown in FIG. 4, each seedling raising box B is a shallow box with a large number of small-diameter through holes 7 bored in the bottom.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 5, the trolley W carrying a large number of seedling boxes B as described above is a row of trolleys L in which a plurality of trolleys W are connected in series with each other.
A large number of them are arranged in a plurality of rows with a fixed interval Q between each row L, and are installed in a fixed position within the facility. As is clear from FIG. 3, the shelves 3 of the cart W are provided so that the longitudinal direction of the seedling boxes B, which are placed in two rows on each stage of the cart W, coincides with the longitudinal direction of the row of carts L.

The gap between the two bogies L at the center of the width of the facility is slightly larger as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 5, and the following tank truck T is placed within this gap. It is provided. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, this tank car T is equipped with an appropriate number (4) of wheels 9 that roll in rail grooves 8 on the floor along the bogie row L, and the wheels 9 on the tank car T are Reversible motor 1
0, the wheel 9 at one end is forcibly rotated and reciprocated along the rail groove 8. It is configured to be self-propelled. Also, this tank car T is equipped with a large capacity water tank 11, and as shown in FIG. 6, it is driven by a motor 12 on the tank car T to suck water from inside the water tank 11 and discharge it. A pump 13 is installed on the tank car T, and the pump 13 discharges water into the water supply pipe 14 on the tank car T. The pressure can be adjusted using a pressure regulating valve 16 inserted into a reflux pipe 15 led into the tank 11.

A rail 17 located at the center in the width direction and rails 18 located at both ends are installed at the ceiling level in the facility.
A beam 21 is installed along the length of the facility, and has rollers 19 and 20 on its lower side that roll on these rails 17 and 18, as shown in Figs. 2 and 6-8. ing. And this beam 21
is fixed to the top of the tank car T, and the tank car T
The vertical nozzle N is suspended from the beam 21 and faces the side of the bogie train L,
In other words, the nozzles N have an inverted gate shape between each row L and a straight line at the side end, and a large number of nozzles 22, which are shown taken out in FIG. As shown in FIG. The beam 21
A water supply pipe 23 fixedly supported by a tank car T.
A water supply pipe 23 connected to the water supply pipe 14 above
is connected to. 24 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is
It is a suspension support device for the nozzle N, which is equipped with a turnbuckle 24a, and each of the above-mentioned nozzle devices 22 has a ninth
As shown in the figure, a slit 22a formed at the tip
An elliptical injection port 22b is opened in the center of the seedling box B and spreads out into a fan shape to spray water to the full width of the seedling box B.

Furthermore, power is supplied to both the motors 10 and 12 on the traveling tank car T via a flexible cable 25 as described below. In other words, the rail 1 at the center in the width direction of the facility
Another rail 26 made of H-shaped steel is installed above the rail 17 along the rail 17, and as shown in FIG.
7 is slidably supported, the base end is connected to a power source, and the tip is connected to the motor 10, 1 on the tank truck T.
A flexible cable 25 connected to the tank car T is suspended, and power is supplied to the motors 10 and 12 via the cable 25, the tip of which moves together with the tank car T. Note that to automatically change the running direction of the tank car T by changing the rotation direction of the motor 10 at each moving end of the tank car T, it is possible to automatically change the running direction of the tank car T by attaching a forward/reverse switch to the tank car T and moving this switch. This can be done by making the switching operation occur by contacting the end with an actuating body fixedly installed on the floor surface.

An example of a method for raising seedlings that is carried out using the seedling raising facility illustrated in FIGS. 1-10 will be described. Seeds are sown in the seedling raising box B before the seedling raising box B is loaded onto the cart W. For this purpose, a bed material such as soil or foamed polyurethane is placed in the seedling raising box B, and seeds such as rice seed are sown thereon using, for example, a known sowing machine, and the bed is covered with soil as appropriate. Then, the seedling raising boxes B after sowing are either transported by other trolleys and loaded onto the multiple trolleys W arranged in the seedling raising facility as described above using the shelf boards 3, or The state shown in the figure is obtained by loading the cart W using the shelf board 3 at another location, and then moving the cart W and arranging it as described above. This is where the seedling-raising period begins, and if necessary, the temperature is adjusted by blowing warm air into the facility or installing mercury lamps. In the case of raising seedlings such as rice seedlings,
Irrigation is not performed until germination, and watering is performed approximately three days after sowing, when germination is almost complete. This irrigation is carried out in the following preferred manner. In other words, this irrigation water is supplied by starting the motor 10 on the tank car T to move the tank car T to the truck train L.
For example, over a long distance of 80m along
While reciprocating at a low speed of 15 m/min, and
The pump 13 is driven by the motor 12 and the discharge pressure is about 20 m water column from the inside of the water tank 11.
Then, water at this water pressure is supplied to each nozzle N via the water supply pipes 14 and 23, and the water is ejected from each nozzle 22 at a flow rate of, for example, 140/min. Water is injected from the spout 22 of the nozzle N into the interval α between the upper and lower seedling growing boxes B as shown in FIG. This means that box B is irrigated all at once. By proceeding with irrigation in this way, each seedling raising box B will be irrigated at equal time intervals.
In this way, after germination, water is applied by moving the tank truck T and nozzle N while leaving the cart W and seedling box B in the same position.
Significant labor savings are achieved by eliminating the need to move the tank truck T, and the irrigation work is carried out completely naturally. Since each seedling growing box B is irrigated with pressure and a constant supply amount, uniform watering is performed under optimal conditions for all seedling growing boxes B, and uniform and good seedling growth can be obtained for all seedling growing boxes B. becomes. In addition, in the conventional case, in order to prevent swelling of the soil-covered area due to seed germination, seedling boxes are stacked vertically on top of each other tightly during the germination period, and the weight of the upper seedling box is Efforts were made to prevent the culture medium from floating, but according to the facility shown in the figure, the amount of water supplied during irrigation can be reduced by watering from nozzle N, which uniformly and simultaneously sprays water into the seedling boxes above and below the same position as in the germination stage. By appropriately selecting the soil, the soil that has floated up can be caused to sink downward by the flow of water, etc., so that it does not interfere with the rooting of the seedlings. In addition, when a larger amount of water is desired as the seedlings grow, the pressure regulating valve 1
This adjustment can be made by increasing the set pressure of the water tank 11, etc., and furthermore, a water amount detection device arranged at a fixed position in the travel path of the tank car T and linked to a detection means such as a float in the water tank 11. a stop actuation device that automatically stops the tank car T in conjunction with the operation of detecting a decrease in the amount of water below a certain amount by this device; and a stop actuation device that automatically stops the tank car T by this device, and a water tank 1
By providing an automatic water supply device that automatically supplies water from the water supply port 1, the present invention not only automates the seedling raising work, especially the watering work, but also automatically replenishes water to the tank truck T. Various types of automatic control and automatic operation can be easily adopted and implemented. In this way, after germination, the seedlings are continued to be raised while being irrigated for a certain period of time, for example 6 days, and when the expected seedling growth is achieved, the trolley W is pulled out and the whole seedling raising box B is handed over to individual farmers. etc., etc.

Next, another embodiment shown in FIG. 11 will be explained. In this embodiment, three rails 40 similar to the rails 17 and 18 are installed at the ceiling of the seedling raising facility.
41 is installed along the length direction of the bogie train L, and these rails 40, 41 support and guide the wheels 42,
43, a running beam similar to said beam 21
A BE is provided along the width direction of the facility, and connected to a water supply pipe 44 that is fixedly supported by the beam BE along this running beam BE, and a nozzle N similar to the nozzle N
is suspended from the beam BE, but the means for driving the beam BE to travel and the water supply means for supplying water to the nozzle N via the water supply pipe 44 are different from those in the previous embodiment, and are configured as follows. .

That is, a pair of front and rear wire ropes 45, 46 are fixed at one end at both ends of the running beam BE, and the other ends of these wire ropes 45, 46 are placed along the rails 41 on both sides, so that the front and rear ends of the rails 41 are connected to each other. It is guided downward by pulleys 47 and 48, and then hoisted up by winches 49 and 50 installed on the floor.
In synchronization with the winding operation, the other front and rear winch 50 or 49 is operated to wind out the winding beam BE.
It is designed to obtain a reciprocating motion. Furthermore, a flexible hose 51 is connected to the water supply pipe 44 at one end, and the other end of this hose 51 is connected to the rail 44.
0 along the rail 40 and guided downward by a pulley 52 at the end of the rail 40, and then hoisted up to a torque motor winch 53 installed on the floor. Pull it out from the center of the drum, connect it to a pressurized water supply source such as a pump or water faucet (not shown), and connect it to the beam BE.
The hose 51 is fed out and rolled up while constantly applying tension to it in synchronization with the running of the hose 51,
The hose 51 and the water supply pipe 44 from the pressurized water supply source.
The structure is such that water is continuously supplied to the nozzle N through the nozzle N.

The method of raising seedlings carried out using the seedling raising facility shown in FIG. When building a facility that does not include a tank car T, as in the case of
The cost can be reduced by eliminating the need for a water replenishing device for the moving tank car T.

Next, another example of a seedling raising facility with a simpler structure shown in FIG. 12 will be explained.
This alternative embodiment is shown in FIG. 11, in which the winches 49 and 50 are omitted and the pulleys 47 and 48 are
A driving band 60 such as a belt, rope, or chain, which is fixed at both ends to the traveling beam BE, is hung around wheels 57 and 58 such as equivalent pulleys or sprocket wheels, and is rotated by the wheel 57 at one end. A reversible motor 61 is attached.
That is, in the one shown in FIG. 12, the four winches 49, 50 in the one shown in FIG. 11 are replaced with two simple motors 61, making the structure that much simpler.

Furthermore, to further simplify the structure, as shown in FIG. 13, the drive band 6 in the one in FIG.
A drive belt 70 equivalent to 0 is fixed at both ends to the running beam BE, and wheels 71 and 72 at both ends of the central rail 40 are attached.
In addition, the wheel body 71 at one end is driven by the winch motor of the winch 53 for the hose 51. In other words, for example, as shown in FIG. This can be done by, for example, suspending the drive belt 75 between a wheel 73 attached to the winch 53 and a wheel 74 attached to the winch 53.

Effects of the Invention The seedling raising facility of the present invention is used as a mobile watering means to irrigate a large number of small seedling growing boxes B placed almost densely on a trolley W, while moving up and down on the trolley W while moving on the side of the row of trolleys L. Since a vertical nozzle N having a plurality of individual injection ports 22b for spraying water from a position close to the side of each row of seedling boxes B is adopted, the vertical nozzle N having a plurality of individual injection ports 22b is used. By watering the inside of the seedling raising box B, water is evenly and uniformly applied to each of the seedling raising boxes B, and even when looking at the entire number of seedling raising boxes B, each of the seedling raising boxes B has its own water injection port. Since water is sprayed from 22b individually, even and uniform watering can be achieved between the seedling boxes B. Even when looking at individual seedling boxes, it is assumed that even and uniform watering is achieved between the seedling boxes B. To uniformly grow seedlings even over a period of time, and to obtain uniformly raised seedlings.

This effect can be achieved by providing shelves 3 on each stage of the trolley W so that two rows of seedling boxes B can be placed on the trolley W.
Despite trying to reduce the number of units, by matching the moving direction of the nozzle N with the longitudinal direction of the seedling box B, the direction of water injection from the nozzle spout 22b and the width direction of the seedling box B can be reversed. Along with matching, 2
For each row of seedling boxes B, two nozzles N are used to move one side and the other side of the trolley row L, and watering is performed by a separate nozzle for each row of seedling boxes B, and each injection port 22b of the nozzle N is responsible for watering. Since the irrigation width is made small, the effect of extremely uniform irrigation over the entire surface of the seedling raising box B can be obtained, which further enhances the effect.

Therefore, according to the present invention, in which each of the plurality of bogie trains L is irrigated at the same time using a plurality of nozzles N that produce the above-mentioned effects, it is possible to perform irrigation on a large scale while saving labor. Seedling raising can be carried out so that uniform seedling raising results can be obtained throughout.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 to 10 show one embodiment of the present invention, in which Figure 1 is a front view, Figure 2 is a plan view of a part of the facility, and Figures 3 and 4 are 1 and 4 respectively. Figure 5 is a perspective view of a part of the facility, Figure 6 is a vertical side view of the main part, Figure 7 is a vertical front view of the main part, and Figure 8 is a plan view of only the main parts. Figure 9 is an enlarged perspective view of one member, Figure 10 is a longitudinal sectional front view of the main part, and Figures 11, 12, and 13 are
Each figure is a partially cutaway and partially omitted perspective view showing another embodiment. W... Trolley, L... Trolley row, B... Seedling box, N
... Nozzle, T ... Tank car, BE ... Traveling beam, 3 ... Shelf board, 9 ... Wheels, 10 ... Reversible motor, 11 ... Water tank, 12 ... Motor, 13
...Pump, 14...Water pipe, 17...Rail,
18... Rail, 21... Beam, 22... Spout tool, 22b... Jet nozzle, 23... Water supply pipe, 40,
41...Rail, 44...Water pipe, 45, 46...
...wire rope, 47,48...pulley, 49,
50... Winch, 51... Hose, 52... Pulley, 53... Torque motor winch, 57, 58
... Wheel body, 60 ... Drive band, 61 ... Reversible motor, 70 ... Drive band, 71, 72 ... Wheel body, 7
3, 74... Wheel body, 75... Drive band.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A plurality of rows of trolleys consisting of a plurality of trolleys are provided with intervals between them, and each trolley has multi-tiered shelves on which seedling growing boxes can be placed at intervals vertically, and two seedling growing boxes are placed on each shelf. The longitudinal direction of the seedling boxes is placed across the rows so that the longitudinal direction of the row of trolleys coincides with the longitudinal direction of the row of trolleys, and a vertical nozzle that can be reciprocated along the length direction of the row of trolleys guided by a guide means is installed in the row of rows of trolleys. provided on one side and the other side of the row of trolleys so as to be located close to each nozzle, and individually spray water into one seedling growing box on the shelf of each tier, corresponding to the number of tiers of the shelf. A seedling-raising facility, which is provided with a number of injection ports, and further includes a moving drive device for moving the nozzles along a row of trolleys, and a water supply device for supplying water to the nozzles.