JPH0449397A - Excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To efficiently crush rocks, by providing rotation and blow at the bit of a rotary percussion drill to drill a preliminary hole on a rock and pushing down a wedge by a drive rod to push out the wedge and pressing the bored hole to open. CONSTITUTION:An excavator is fitted to a rotary percussion drill R to bore a preliminary hole H on a rock G by the bit 6 actuated with revolutions and blows by the action of the drill. Next, a drive rod 2 is turned by about 90 degree and a male protrusion 13 is fitted to the female hole 9a of a drive coupling 3 to enable the drive rod 2 to slide downward. Next, the drive rod 2 is transferred to lower a wedge 7 and to push out a wedge 8 lower than the wedge guide 5. And the wedge 8 presses the hole H to crush the rock G. In this way, operation from boring to crushing can be continuously worked.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a drilling device that can be attached to a drill such as a rotary percussion drill in rock crushing work to excavate and split rock.

[Conventional technology] Conventionally, in order to crush rock in rock crushing work, etc., a hole is made in the rock using an excavator, and explosives such as dynamite are inserted into the hole and exploded to crush the rock. , a hole was drilled in the bedrock and a wedge device was used to crack the rock into the hole, but this conventional method required a rock drill, gunpowder,
Since drilling and crushing are carried out using separate specialized equipment, such as a rock drill and a wedge device, the drawback is that equipment costs and work time are high.

Therefore, recently, as a solution to the above-mentioned drawbacks, the special public
The invention shown in No. 4-5160 is provided.

As shown in FIGS. 6 to 9, the present invention includes a hollow rotating shaft (20) and a drive provided at the rear end of the rotating shaft (20) for rotationally driving the rotating shaft (20). a device (21), a sliding shaft (22) slidably provided in the rotating shaft (20), this sliding shaft (22) and the rotating shaft (20);
A bit (23) capable of excavating rock etc. is provided at one end of the rotating shaft (20) to prevent earth and sand from entering the rotating shaft (20) during excavation, and the sliding shaft (22) is a shaft. A sliding device (24) provided at the rear end of the sliding shaft (22) capable of sliding in the center direction, and a sliding device (24) provided at the rear end of the sliding shaft (22),
20) said sliding device (24) provided near the tip of the
Due to the sliding of the sliding shaft (22), the rotation shaft (20)
A diameter expanding device (2) that can expand the outer diameter of the
5), the excavator comprising: the diameter expanding device (25);
A tapered notch (26) formed at the tip of the sliding shaft (22), and a notch (26) formed at the tip of the sliding shaft (22).
A tapered convex portion (27) formed on the inner wall of the rotation shaft (20) that fits into the rotation shaft (20) and the rotation shaft (20) formed at the tip of the rotation shaft (20) are separated. split groove (28
), and the sliding shaft (22) is divided into this groove (28).
and an enlarged diameter part (29) formed at the tip of the rotation shaft (20) that expands in diameter when the rotation shaft (20) slides. 29) is a metal band (
30).

The conventional excavator excavates with the bit (23) while supplying water by integrally driving the rotating shaft (20), sliding shaft (22), and bit (23) to excavate the hole to a predetermined depth. do. Next, when the sliding shaft (22) is slid forward, the tapered slope (26a) of the notch recess (26) formed in the sliding shaft (22) is formed on the rotating shaft (20). Since the tapered slope (27a) of the convex portion (27) is pressed, the expanded diameter portion (29) is expanded in diameter. At this time, the metal band (30) is destroyed. When the enlarged diameter portion (29) is enlarged, the rock mass is pushed wider than the inside of the hole, so that the rock mass can be cracked and rock drilling work can be performed.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The conventional excavator described above has advantages such as high work efficiency and low equipment and material costs because it can perform everything from drilling to rock drilling. In the conventional excavator, the diameter expanding device is configured to provide a dividing groove (28) at the tip of the rotating shaft (20) to divide and expand the diameter of the rotating shaft (20).
8) is also provided upward from the lower end, so that the tip of the rotating shaft (20) can easily expand in diameter due to external force even if the metal band (30) is attached during rock excavation work. Therefore, it had the disadvantage of being easily broken. Moreover, the rotation axis (2
0) is made into an enlarged diameter part (29), so if it breaks, the entire rotating shaft (20) must be replaced, which is uneconomical, and the replacement work is also time-consuming. It had drawbacks.

In view of these points, the present invention provides a drilling device that can perform rock drilling and rock drilling with a single device that solves the above-mentioned drawbacks.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The drilling equipment of the present invention includes a drive coupling and a swivel having a hollow hole and having substantially the same outer diameter.

A wedge guide and a bit are successively concentrically connected with the bit at the tip position to form a drilling shaft, and a wedge with a tapered tip is slidably fitted into a hollow hole of the drilling shaft, and the wedge A symmetrical wedge with a tapered surface on the opposite side is inserted into the guide so that it can freely move in and out of the circumference.
A drive rod connected to a drill head of a rotary percussion drill or the like is provided on the drilling shaft so as to be able to rotate and advance and retreat freely through the drive cup 1 length, and the drive rod is equipped with a control mechanism for its rotation and advancement and retreat. and the drive rod is rotatably connected to the wedge.

[Function] According to the present invention according to the above-mentioned mechanism, the drilling shaft,
In particular, rotation and impact can be applied to the bit located at the tip. This rotation and impact bit is used to first drill a pilot hole in rocks such as bedrock. Next, when the drive rod is advanced and the wedge is pushed down, the tapered surface at the tip of the wedge is
It comes into contact with the tapered surface of the wedge and pushes the wedge outward from the sea urchin rock. This pushed out wedge presses the drilled hole into an opening and breaks the rock.

[Embodiments] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 5.

FIG. 1 is a front view showing one embodiment of the excavation apparatus of the present invention, and FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b) are longitudinal sectional views thereof.

In the figure, (2) is a drive rod, one end of which is attached to a drill head such as a rotary percussion drill via a hammer sub (17) or the like.

(3) is a drive coupling, and (4) is a swivel connected to the drive coupling (3).

(5) is a wedge guide connected to the swivel (4), and (6) is a bit connected to the wet guide (5), located at the leading edge. The drive coupling (3), swivel (4), wedge guide (5), and bit (6) have approximately the same outer diameter, for example, a cylindrical shape, and each has a hollow hole (9) (10) in the center. 11) and (
12) are drilled and concentrically connected to each other to form an integral excavation shaft (1). (7) is the hollow hole (9) of the drive coupling (3) and the sea urchin guide (5) located in front and behind the swivel (4) among the hollow holes.
(10) A wedge installed in (11) so that it can move forward and backward freely, (8
) is a wedge inserted into the wedge guide (5).

The drive rod (2) passes through the drive coupling (3) and is connected to the wedge (7).

The drive rod (2) is provided with a control mechanism for its rotation and advancement/retraction. That is, the drive rod (2
) is provided with a male protrusion (13) at a suitable position corresponding to the inside of the drive coupling (3), and a central portion of the hollow hole (9) of the drive coupling (3) The female hole (9a) corresponds to the projection (13), and the drive rod (2
) can advance and retreat; in other cases, the male protrusion (13) cannot pass through the female hole (9a) and is blocked, making it impossible to advance and retreat, and the rotation of the drive rod (2) is also prevented. The male protrusion (i3) prevents it within a certain range.

For example, as shown in Figures 3(a), (b) and 4,
The male protrusion (13) of the drive rod (2) has an elongated oval shape, and the upper portion (9b) of the hollow hole (9) of the drive coupling (3) is shown in FIG. 3(a). It is shaped like a symmetrical fan shape, with male protrusions (1
3) is located in this hollow hole (9b), forward and reverse 90
The male protrusion (13) is blocked by the hollow hole (9b) when the drive rod (2) is rotated by 90 degrees, and the drive rod (2) can only rotate 90 degrees in the forward and reverse directions. 9a)
is an elongated oval hole corresponding to the male projection (13), and the male projection (13) and the female hole (9a) are connected at one blocking end when the drive rod (2) is rotated. match, in this case the male protrusion (13) is the female hole (9a)
It seems that the drive rod (2) can move forward and backward.

The wedge (7) has a tapered tip (7) as shown in FIG.
7a) (7b), and the upper end is rotatably connected to the drive rod (2). In the illustrated embodiment, a bottle i (
2a), and a bottle (14) is inserted between the wedge (7) and the bottle (14) to be freely rotatable.

The wedge (8) is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped divided into two parts symmetrically in the axial direction, as shown in FIG.
) is formed on the tapered surface f8a) f8b) through which it penetrates. The wedge (8) is connected to the wedge guide (5).
) is fitted symmetrically around the axis, and can freely move in and out in the circumferential direction, and is usually prevented from popping out with a rubber hunt (15).

The swivel (4) has upper and lower packings (4a) (4
A casing (4C) sealed in step b) is screwed onto the drive coupling (3) and wedge guide (5) located above and below the casing, and a hose is attached to the intake port (4b). Drilling fluid is supplied from the hose. The drilling fluid is fed through a wedge guide (
5) and the hollow holes (11) and (12) of the bit (6), and is discharged from near the tip of the bit (6).

Next, the operation will be explained. First, as shown in FIG. 5, the drilling device according to the present invention is attached to a rotary percussion drill (R). In this attachment, the dry rod F (2) is attached to a drill head (receptacle) such as a rotary percussion (R) via a hammer sub (17) or the like. At this time, the excavation shaft l is in the state shown in FIG. 2(a). Therefore, when the rotary percussion drill (R) is operated, the rotation and impact are transmitted to this device simultaneously or separately, so the bit (6) located at the tip of the drilling shaft (1) is also rotated and impacted. is given.

The bit (6) that has been rotated and struck is used to first drill a pilot hole ()l at a predetermined depth in a rock such as bedrock (Gl).

Next, the drive rod (2) is rotated 90 degrees to match the male protrusion (13) of the drive rod (2) with the female hole (9a) of the drive coupling (3), and the drive rod ( 2) to be able to slide downward. When the drive rod (2) is moved using the feeding device of the rotary percussion drill (R) and the wedge (7) is pushed down, the tapered surfaces (7a) (7b) at the tip of the wedge (7) 8) and push the wedge (8) outward from the wedge guide (5) [Fig. 2(b)]. When this state is maintained and the blow of the low clippercussion drill is activated, the wedge (8) that is pushed out and goes out is drilled ()I)
The rock (G) was pressed against the opening with an impact, and finally the rock (G)
is something that breaks rocks.

At this time, the wedge (8) that went out is the wedge guide (5).
) It is advisable to provide a stopper on the wedge (8) to prevent it from jumping out.

Note that the control mechanism for the rotation and forward/backward movement of the drive rod (2) is not limited to the above embodiment, and the shape and number of the wedges (8) are also the same, for example, it may be cylindrical or Or you can go out from four directions instead of only two directions.

[Effects of the Invention] According to the drilling device of the present invention as described in detail above, it is possible to perform everything from drilling holes to breaking rocks by simply attaching a simple drilling device to the rotary percussion drill, which has been widely used in the past. Rocks can be split efficiently without incurring equipment or material costs. Furthermore, since the wedge is inserted into the wedge guide, it is protected during drilling and is strong and free from breakage and other failures.The wedge also pushes out and presses the hole to open, unlike the conventional method. Compared to dividing the tip of the rotating shaft with grooves and expanding the diameter to press the rock, the rock-cutting force is higher and rock can be drilled more easily.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 5 show one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a front view, FIGS. 2(a) and 5(b) are longitudinal sectional views before and after operation, and FIG. 3(a) is a drive rod. (b) is a cross-sectional view of the drive coupling portion, FIG. 4 is a front view of the drive rod and wedge, and FIG. 5 is a front view showing the state in use. Fig. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the conventional example, Fig. 7 is an external view of the front end of the same type of rotary shaft, Fig. 8 is an explanatory view showing the state in which the diameter of the rotating shaft is expanded, and Fig. 9 is the same. It is an explanatory view showing rock drilling state. l...Drilling shaft, 2...Drive rod, 3...Drive coupling, 4...Swivel, 5...Wedge guide, 6...Bit, 7...Wedge, 8... - Wedge, 9.10, 11.12...Hollow hole, 9a...Female hole, 13...Male projection. 4-1-Figure (θ) (shi) χ4〆

Claims (1)

[Claims] A drive coupling, a swivel, a wedge guide, and a bit having a hollow hole and having approximately the same outer diameter are concentrically connected one after another with the bit at the tip position to form a drilling shaft, and the hollow of the drilling shaft A wedge with a tapered tip is slidably fitted into the hole, and a symmetrical wedge with a tapered surface on the opposite side is fitted into the wedge guide so as to be freely protrusive and retractable in the circumferential direction. A drive rod connected to a drill head or the like of a rotary percussion drill is provided through the drive coupling so that it can rotate and move forward and backward freely, and the drive rod is equipped with a control mechanism for its rotation and forward and backward movement. A drilling device in which a rod is rotatably connected to the wedge.