JP2816749B2 - Drilling rig - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a drilling device that can be attached to a drill such as a rotary percussion drill in rock crushing work to drill rock and break rock.

[Prior art] Conventionally, when rock is crushed by rock crushing work or the like, a hole is drilled in the rock using an excavator or the like, and an explosive such as dynamite is inserted into the hole and blasted to break the rock. In the past, a hole was formed in the bedrock, and the rock was broken using a wedge device or the like in this hole. However, in such a conventional method, a rock drill and gunpowder, and a rock drill and a wedge device were drilled. And crushing are performed by separate and dedicated devices, so that there is a drawback that it takes a lot of equipment cost and work time.

Therefore, recently, as a solution to the above drawback,
The invention shown in Japanese Patent Application No. 64-5160 is provided.

According to the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 6 to 9, a hollow rotary shaft (20) and a drive provided at the rear end of the rotary shaft (20) for driving the rotary shaft (20) to rotate. A device (21) and a sliding shaft (22) slidably provided in the rotating shaft (20).
And excavating a rock or the like provided at one end of one of the sliding shaft (22) and the rotating shaft (20) so as to prevent earth and sand from entering the rotating shaft (20) when excavating. A sliding bit (23) provided at the rear end of the sliding shaft (22) capable of sliding the sliding shaft (22) in the axial direction; The outer diameter of the rotating shaft (20) can be increased by rocking by sliding the sliding shaft (22) by the sliding device (24) provided near the tip of the rotating shaft (20). An excavator comprising: a diameter-expanding device (25) that is capable of forming a tapered notch (26) formed near a tip of the sliding shaft (22). A tapered projection (27) formed on the inner wall of the rotating shaft (20) fitted with the notched recess (26); and the rotating shaft (20).
A split groove (2) for dividing the rotary shaft (20) formed at the tip of
8) and an enlarged portion (29) formed at the tip of the rotary shaft (20) which is divided into the split grooves (28) and expands in diameter when the sliding shaft (22) slides. The enlarged diameter portion (29) at the end of the rotating shaft (20) is fastened by a metal band (30) for preventing the enlarged diameter portion (29) from expanding at the start of excavation. .

In the conventional excavator, the rotary shaft (20), the sliding shaft (22) and the bit (23) are integrally rotated and driven to excavate with the bit (23) while supplying water, and the hole is excavated to a predetermined depth. I do.
Next, when the sliding shaft (22) is slid forward, the sliding shaft (22)
Slope (26a) of notch recess (26) formed in
Presses the tapered slope (27a) of the convex portion (27) formed on the rotating shaft (20), so that the diameter-increased portion (29) is enlarged. At this time, the metal band (30) is destroyed.
When the diameter-expanding portion (29) is expanded, the rock is pushed out from the inside of the hole, so that the rock can be cracked.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] According to the conventional excavator, since drilling to rock formation can be performed consistently, there are advantages such as good work efficiency and reduced equipment and material costs. In the conventional excavator, the diameter expanding device is provided with a split groove (28) at the tip of the rotating shaft (20) so as to divide the rotating shaft (20) to increase the diameter. Is also provided upward from the lower end, so that the rocking shaft (20) can be used even when the metal band (30) is
Since the tip of acts so as to be easily expanded by external force,
There was a fragile drawback. In addition, since the tip of the rotating shaft (20) itself is an enlarged diameter portion (29), replacement when the rotating shaft is broken requires the entire rotating shaft (20), which is uneconomical. It has disadvantages such as troublesome work.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides an excavator capable of drilling and splitting a rock with a single device that has solved the above-mentioned disadvantages.

[Means for Solving the Problems] According to an excavator of the present invention, a drive coupling, a swivel, a wedge guide and a bit having a hollow hole and substantially the same outer diameter are sequentially concentric with the bit as a tip position. And a wedge having a tapered tip is slidably fitted in a hollow hole of the drill shaft, and the wedge guide has a bilaterally symmetric wedge in which an opposing surface is a tapered surface. A drive rod connected to a drill head or the like of a rotary percussion drill is provided on the excavation shaft so as to rotate and advance and retreat through the drive coupling. Is provided with a control mechanism for its rotation and advance / retreat, and the drive rod is rotatably connected to the wedge.

[Operation] According to the present invention relating to the above mechanism, a rotary percussion drill or the like can rotate and strike a drilling shaft, particularly a bit located at the tip, via a drive rod. First, a hole is drilled in a rock such as a bedrock with the bit given the rotation and the impact. Next, when the drive rod is advanced and the wedge is pushed down, the tapered surface at the tip of the wedge comes into contact with the tapered surface of the wedge and pushes the wedge outward from the wedge guide. The pushed out wedge pushes the drilled hole to open and breaks the rock.

Embodiment The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the embodiment shown in FIGS.

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of the excavator of the present invention,
2 (a) and 2 (b) are longitudinal sectional views of the same.

In the figure, (2) is a drive rod, one end of which is attached to a drill head such as a rotary percussion drill via a hammer sub (17) or the like.

(3) is a drive coupling, (4) is a swivel connected to the drive coupling (3), (5) is a wedge guide connected to the swivel (4),
(6) is a bit connected to the wet guide (5) and located at the forefront. The drive coupling (3), the swivel (4), the wedge guide (5) and the bit (6) have substantially the same outer diameter, for example, cylindrical, and have hollow holes (9) (10) ( 11) and (12) are drilled, concentrically connected to each other and integrated with the drilling shaft (1)
Is configured. (7) is a swivel (4) of the hollow holes.
The drive coupling (3) and the hollow holes (9) (10) (1)
A wedge movably mounted in 1) and (8) are wedges inserted into the wedge guide (5).

The drive rod (2) passes through the drive coupling (3) and is connected to the wedge (7).

The drive rod (2) is provided with a control mechanism for its rotation and advance / retreat. That is, a male projection (13) is protruded at an appropriate position corresponding to the inside of the drive coupling (3) of the drive rod (2), and a hollow hole (9) of the drive coupling (3) is formed. The central portion is a female hole (9a) corresponding to the male projection (13), and the male projection (13) and the female hole (9a) are only in a positional relationship where they are coincident with each other. The drive rod (2) can move forward and backward. In other cases, the male projection (13) cannot pass through the female hole (9a) and is prevented from moving back and forth. Is also restricted to a certain extent by the male projection (13). For example, as shown in FIGS. 3 (a), (b) and FIG. 4, the male projection (13) of the drive rod (2) has an elongated elliptical shape, and the hollow hole () of the drive coupling (3) is formed. The upper part (9b) of 9) has a shape such that the fan shape is symmetrically positioned as shown in FIG.
When 3) is located in this hollow hole (9b), the male projection (13) is blocked by the hollow hole (9b) by turning 90 degrees forward and reverse, and the drive rod (2) is turned 90 degrees forward and reverse. The drive coupling (3) can be rotated only, and the female hole (9a) of the drive coupling (3) is an elongated elliptical hole corresponding to the male protrusion (13). At one blocking end, the male projection (13) and the female hole (9a) coincide, in which case the male projection (13) can pass through the female hole (9a) and the drive rod (2) It is possible to advance and retreat.

As shown in FIG. 4, the wedge (7) has a tapered surface (7a) (7b) at the tip and an upper end rotatably connected to the dry rod (2). In the illustrated embodiment, a pin groove (2a) is formed at the tip of the drive rod (2).
And a pin (14) is inserted between it and the wedge (7) so as to be rotatable.

As shown in FIG. 2, the wedge (8) is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped which is divided into two parts symmetrically in the axial direction, and its opposing surface is formed as a tapered surface (8a) (8b) through which the wedge (7) penetrates. I have. The wedge (8) is connected to the wedge guide (5).
Are fitted symmetrically with respect to the center of the shaft, and can be freely protruded and retracted in the circumferential direction thereof, and are normally prevented from protruding by a rubber band (15).

The swivel (4) includes upper and lower packings (4a) (4b)
A casing (4c) sealed with a screw is provided on the drive coupling (3) and the wedge guide (5) located above and below the casing (4c), and a hose is attached to the intake (4b). Drilling fluid is supplied. The drilling fluid is supplied by a wedge guide (5).
The bit (6) is discharged from the vicinity of the tip of the bit (6) through the hollow holes (11) and (12) of the bite (6).

Next, the operation will be described. First, the drilling apparatus according to the present invention is mounted on a rotary percussion drill (R) as shown in FIG. In this attachment, the drive rod (2) is attached to a drill head (16) such as a rotary percussion (R) via a hammer sub (17) or the like. At this time, the excavating shaft 1 is in a state shown in FIG. Then, when the rotary percussion drill (R) is operated, the rotation and the impact are transmitted to the apparatus simultaneously or separately, so that the bit (6) located at the tip of the excavation shaft (1) also rotates and impacts. Is given. First, a prepared hole (H) having a predetermined depth is drilled in the rock (G) of the bedrock with the bit (6) given the rotation and the impact.

Next, the drive rod (2) is rotated 90 degrees so that the male projection (13) of the drive rod (2) and the female hole (9a) of the drive coupling (3) are aligned, and the drive rod (2) is rotated. 2) can slide down. Here, when the drive rod (2) is moved by the feeding device of the rotary percussion drill (R) and the wedge (7) is pushed down,
The tapered surfaces (7a) and (7b) at the tip of the wedge (7) abut against the tapered surfaces (8a) and (8b) of the wedge (8) to push the wedge (8) outward from the wedge guide (5). [FIG. 2 (b)]. When the blow of the rotary percussion drill is operated while maintaining this state, the pushed out wedge (8) pushes the drilling (H) with an impact to open the rock, and finally the rock (G) breaks. It is.

At this time, a stopper may be provided on the wedge (8) so that the wedge (8) that has gone out does not protrude from the wedge guide (5).

The control mechanism for controlling the rotation and advance / retreat of the drive rod (2) is not limited to the above embodiment, and the shape and the number of the wedges (8) are the same.
It may have a cylindrical shape, or may go out of not only two directions but also four directions.

[Effects of the Invention] According to the drilling device of the present invention described in detail above, the drilling device can be integrated from the drilling to the rock by simply attaching a simple drilling operation to a rotary percussion drill that has been widely used. It is possible to cut rock efficiently without equipment and material costs. In addition, since the wedge is inserted into the wedge guide, it is protected even during drilling and is strong without failure such as breakage. In this case, the tip of the rotating shaft is divided by a dividing groove, the diameter of which is increased, and pressing is performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 to 5 show one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a front view, FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b) are longitudinal sectional views before and after operation, and FIG. 3 (a) is a drive rod. FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view of the drive coupling part, FIG. 4B is a front view of the drive rod and the wedge, and FIG. 5 is a front view showing a used state. FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a conventional example, FIG. 7 is an external view of the tip side, FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a state where the rotating shaft is expanded in diameter, and FIG. FIG. 1 ... drilling shaft, 2 ... drive rod, 3 ... drive coupling, 4 ... swivel, 5 ... wedge guide, 6 ... bit, 7 ... wedge, 8 ... wedge, 9,10,11 , 12… Hollow hole, 9a… Female hole, 13… Male protrusion.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A drive coupling, a swivel, a wedge guide, and a bit having a hollow hole and substantially the same outer diameter are sequentially and concentrically connected with the bit at a tip position to form a drilling shaft. A tapered wedge having a tapered tip is slidably fitted in the hollow hole of the excavation shaft, and a left-right symmetric wedge having a tapered surface facing the wedge guide is slidably fitted in the circumferential direction. A drive rod connected to a drill head or the like of a rotary percussion drill is provided on the drilling shaft so as to rotate and advance and retreat through the drive coupling, and the drive rod has a control mechanism for the rotation and advance and retreat. And an excavator wherein the drive rod is rotatably connected to the wedge.