KR100303201B1 - Sturcture of a hammerbit for enlarging an excavated cavity - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a structure of an excavation hole expansion hammer bit for digging a borehole in a state introduced into a borehole tube embedded in the ground.

Hammer bits for drilling boreholes use different types of hammer bits according to their use and geological conditions.

One type of hammer bit is a type of hammer bit which is generally in good condition or does not excavate deeply, and this type of hammer bit is excavated without using a separate protective tube when digging a layer.

However, another type of hammer bit is generally used when the ground layer is unstable or drills a deep hole, and this type of hammer bit is used to perform the drilling in a protected state in a buried steel tube as illustrated in FIG. do.

On the other hand, the former hammer bit is not a problem, but the latter hammer bit increases pressure deeply into the ground and requires a lot of energy, especially if the diameter of the bit is larger than the diameter of the steel tube for landfill Since the hammer bit cannot be taken out after the excavation, countermeasures have been developed.

Among them, the center of the bit is eccentric from the central axis of the hammer bit, so that the drilling hole is drilled wider than the diameter of the steel tube, and when drilling, two or three open bits protrude outward from the bit housing. After digging a borehole wider than the diameter of the steel pipe, after the completion of the excavation, there is a product that returns to its original position and is reduced to less than the diameter of the steel pipe.

Such products are specially developed to be removed from the steel pipe after excavation only when they are smaller than the diameter of the steel pipe being buried together. However, the conventional products described above have a bit eccentric action in the former case. Slowly rotated, it takes a lot of time for borehole work and a considerable load on the bit, which causes breakage problems such as broken bits and cuts in the neck. The loss of expensive bits worth 30 million won.

Therefore, the present invention solves the problem of the conventional product and at the same time to reduce the construction period by a faster drilling work, and in particular to prevent the breakage of expensive bits, as described in detail as follows.

The present invention is connected to the lower end of the drill pipe 11 and the hammer drill 12 connected to the top saw 13 of the upper end connected to a separate air pressure supply device to the inner lower end of the steel tube 10 embedded in the ground Multiple driven bits coupled to the bottom surface of the bit housing 100 that is coupled and rotated and are supported by the pilot bit 200 and openly operate in the opposite direction when the bit housing 100 rotates. Configure 400.

4, the multi-drive bit 400 is formed in a semicircular shape on one side of the plane as shown in FIG. 4, while the ground excavation friction surface 403 on the opposite side is formed to be slightly curved in the shape of one side thereof, and the carbide bit 300 is formed. The upper side of the eccentric portion and the bottom of the eccentric portion of the upper surface pin 401 and the bottom pin 402 to form a bit bit 100 on the bottom of the bit housing 100 as illustrated in FIG. Configured to be protected.

Therefore, the multi-drive bit 400 has five multi-drive bits as the bit housing 100 and the pilot bit 200 rotate in a state coupled between the bit housing 100 and the pilot bit 200. 400 is rotated 100 ° (± 10 °), as illustrated in Figure 8 as the stratum excavation friction surface 403 is hung on the stratum at the same time, the rotated multi-drive bit 400 is no longer rotated bit The steel tube is excavated to expand the hole than the diameter of the steel tube 10 while rotating along the bit housing 100 and the pilot bit 200 being rotated by the engaging protrusion 115 formed on the bottom of the housing 100 (steel tube ( 10) It is easy to sew, and after completion of the excavation, it is strongly blown by the air pressure and at the same time by the reverse rotation to carry out the operation to be retracted, narrow the narrower than the diameter of the steel pipe (10) excavation hole It is configured so that it can be easily extracted from.

Description

Structure of a hammerbit for enlarging an excavated cavity}

The present invention relates to a structure of a borehole expansion hammer bit for digging a borehole in a state that flows into the inside of a steel tube, that is, a borehole embedded in the ground.

Generally known hammer bits for drilling are commonly used hammer bits of different structures according to the purpose or the condition of the geological (geological), the type can be classified into two types can be described compression.

One type of hammer bit is a type of hammer bit that is generally in good condition or does not excavate deeply. This type of hammer bit is a direct type that drills the layer as the bit housing mounted on the hammer drill rotates without using a steel tube. It is a type of excavation method, and the other type of hammer bit is a type of excavation while embedding steel pipe in the drilling hole. In this product, the bit housing and the bit mounted on the hammer drill have a hole wider than the diameter of the steel pipe. There is a type of indirect drilling that is drilled and then pulled through the steel tube.

On the other hand, the hammer bit of the direct digging method of the former is not a problem, but the hammer bit of the latter indirect digging method increases the pressure as the depth deep into the ground, so that the load caused by a lot of energy interferes with the hammer bit, making the digging work difficult.

In addition, the hammer bit of the indirect excavation method that requires excavation of a hole wider than the diameter of the steel tube being buried is that the steel tube is nailed at the same time as the excavated amount. As it is difficult to bury the steel tube, it takes a lot of loads during the excavation, causing breakage of the bit, and it becomes very difficult to remove the bit after excavation.

Therefore, in the field, a lot of research and development have been conducted to supply products capable of performing rapid excavation as well as supplying stronger hammer bits, and the products currently being developed and used are eccentric rotation type and open type. The product is known.

First of all, the eccentric rotation type product performs excavation while the excavating bit is eccentrically rotated out of concentricity.This product is structurally eccentric, which makes fast excavation impossible and at the same time, the bit is broken even under a small load or the neck of the bit housing It is not widely supplied due to a problem such as broken, and the conventional type of open type is a structure in which two or three multi-drive bits are opened on the bottom of the bit housing. Not only is it far, but because the support for supporting the bit is excluded, problems such as failure to perform the function of the bit and break even in a small impact, so expensive drilling work is performed.

The price of the bit varies greatly depending on the type and specification of the product, but the indirect drilling hammer bit is an expensive product that costs at least 5 million won to 2 to 30 million won per bit, so every time you drill one borehole The supercritical excavation work is carried out. If the bit breakage problem occurs during the work, the impact is directly related to the construction cost.

Therefore, the present invention is conceived to provide a product that can perform high-efficiency excavation even under adverse conditions in view of the problem of the conventional product, it will be described in detail as follows.

The structure of the drilling hole expansion hammer bit of the present invention, the bit housing 100 having a structure and a structure connection structure is supplied with air pressure; Multi-drive bit 400 to expand and excavate the borehole wide open operation; In addition, it is coupled to the bottom of the bit housing 100 to constitute a pilot bit 200 for digging sieve supporting the multi-drive bit 400, to excavate a borehole larger than the diameter of the steel pipe 10 and buried steel The bit housing 100 can be easily removed from the tube 10.

1 is a front view of the bit housing of the present invention;

2 is a bottom view of the bit housing of FIG.

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG.

Figure 4 is an illustration of the coupling state of the multi-drive bit in the present invention

5 is a front view of the pilot bit in the present invention

6 is a bottom view of the pilot bit of FIG.

7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B of FIG.

8 is a bottom view illustrating a state in which the multi-drive bit is coupled to the bit housing of FIG. 1 and an operating state of the multi-drive bit.

9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a coupling state of the multi-drive bit and the pilot bit, including the bit housing of the present invention.

10 is an exemplary state of use of the present invention

<Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawing>

(10)... Steel tube 12... Hammer drill

(100)... Bit housing 105... Bit pin fitting groove 106... Pneumatic supply holes (107), (205). Pneumatic discharge hole 108... Hole closing bolts 109 and 201... Bearing half groove

110, 202... Fastening pin half groove (111) pilot bit hole (112). Pai Lot Head Home (113) Bearing inlet hole 114... Tip discharging furnace 115. Jamming

(200)... Pilot Bit (203) Bottom pin hole 204... Multi Drive Bit Ground (300) Carbide bits 400... Multi-drive bit 401... Top pin 402... Bottom pin 403... Geological excavation friction surface

Bit housing 100;

The bit housing 100 is coupled to the hammer drill 12 in a state where the multi-drive bit 400 and the pilot bit 200 are coupled to each other, and is inserted into the steel tube 10. As a body for excavating the borehole while rotating in protection, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the upper end portion 101 is narrow and the lower end portion 102 is formed in a wide shape.

The upper end portion 101 is a part which is coupled to a lower end of the hammer drill 10 having a spline at an inner circumference by inserting a separate ring, and forms a ring groove 104 at the circumferential edge thereof, and at the same time, a spline 103 is formed thereon. .

On the bottom of the lower portion 102 formed wider than the upper portion 101, the multi-drive bit 400 and the pilot bit 200 are coupled to each other. A tip discharge path 114 is formed, and as illustrated in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, a bottom discharge path 114 has a triangular protrusion shape toward the bottom in a circular direction and a pneumatic discharge hole 107 therebetween. And a pneumatic discharge hole 107 communicating with each hole at regular intervals, and in the vertical center, a pneumatic supply hole 106 and a pilot head groove 112 as illustrated in FIG. By forming the hexagonal pilot bit hole 111 through the stepwise and at the same time in the horizontal inner circumference to form a bearing half groove 109 along the circular direction while forming the fastening pin half groove 110 in a straight line, Fig. 9 As illustrated in the pilot bit 200 It is configured to be coupled to the bearing 500 and the fastening pin 600.

On the other hand, in the method of forming each of the pneumatic discharge holes 107, the hole is horizontally communicated with the internal pneumatic supply hole 106, and drilled so as to penetrate vertically and then closed with a hole closing bolt 108 outside the hole. In addition, one side formed in a semicircle along the inner circumference forms a bearing inlet hole 113 penetrating outward in a horizontal straight line to allow the bearing 500 to flow therein, and the fastening pin half grooves 110 are hexagonal. It is to allow the fastening pin 600 to be driven from the outside by horizontally penetrating the straight bit hole 111 to form one side, the air pressure supplied to the pneumatic supply hole 106 is the As supplied to the bit pin fitting groove 105, the supplied air pressure is supplied at a strong pressure through the tip discharge passage 114 and the steel tube 10 together with a tip such as soil or stone generated during excavation Tip discharge pipe 14 which will escape to the outside that is, digging ball outside.

A multi-drive bit 400;

The multi-drive bit 400 is coupled between the bit housing 100 and the pilot bit 200 to rotate and drill the borehole while rotating in accordance with the rotation of the bit housing 100, the upper surface of the lower The upper surface pin 401 and the lower surface pin 402 is formed on the eccentric, and several cemented carbide bits 300 are formed on the ground excavation friction surface 403, and the bit housing 100 rotates when excavated. 10.) Since it is supported at the engaging protrusion 115 in the open or open and open state at an angle, it will not be able to flow any more, and will be excavating the borehole while rotating according to the rotation of the bit housing 100.

Pilot bit 200;

In the pilot bit 200, the multi-drive bit 400 scrapes the inner circumference of the excavation hole, that is, the inner periphery of the excavation hole, and expands the excavation hole. ) Has a function of digging the excavation hole to the underground depth, the top end is formed in a circular shape while the bottom circumference is formed to coincide with the pilot bit hole 111 of the bit housing 100, and On the outer periphery of the bearing half groove 109 and the fastening pin half groove 109 formed at the inner circumference of the bit housing 100 are matched with the bearing half groove 201 and the fastening pin half groove 202 to form a circular hole. The bottom pin is formed as illustrated in, and the bottom pin 402 of the multi-drive bit 400 coupled to the bit housing 100 is inserted into the multi-drive bit support surface 204 on the step bordered with the bottom pin. Forming a hole 203, the center between the outer periphery of the lower part and the vertical In addition, as illustrated in FIG. 6 or 7, the bottom surface forms a pneumatic discharge hole 205 which is in communication with the pneumatic supply hole 208 including the tip discharge path 207 in a hemispherical state at equal intervals, and is in a downward light. In the excavation friction surface firmly coupled to about 100 cemented carbide bits 300, the bearing 500 and the fastening pins to the bit housing 100 is coupled to the multi-drive bits 400 in the manner described above ( In this case, the bearing 500 is pushed into the bearing 500 by a number determined by the bearing inlet hole 113 formed to penetrate from the outside of the bit housing 100 to the inside. Since the spherical bearing 500, the bearing half grooves (109, 201) formed in the bit housing 100 and the pilot bit (200) meet and are half-coupled to the bearing half grooves (109, 201) formed with a circular hole As a result, the bearing 500 has a pilot bit 200 under the bit. The key to prevent the separation from the housing (100), and the fastening pin 600 is also pushed into the pin hole (110a) penetrated into the interior from the outside of the bit housing 100, such as the bearing 500 Since the fastening pin half groove 110 of the bit housing 100 and the fastening pin half groove 202 of the pilot bit 200 are fitted in a half-bited form formed in a coincidence, a solid key action is provided, The multi-drive bit 400 is inserted into the bottom pin hole 203 formed on the bottom drive pin 402 of the pilot bit 200, the bottom pin 402 of the pilot bit 200, the bit housing 100 and Will be able to operate between the pilot bit 200.

The bit housing 100 coupled as described above is in a state in which a spline and a ring are coupled to the lower end of the hammer drill 12 inserted into the steel tube 10 as illustrated in FIG. As the drilling hole is excavated while vibrating, the hammer housing 12 rotates as the hammer drill 12 vibrates, and the bit housing 100 and the pilot bit 200 become the fuselage and rotate simultaneously in the clockwise direction. The bit 400 is folded inwardly narrower than the outer diameter of the initial bit housing 100, and when the bit housing 100 and the pilot bit 200 rotate to some extent to reach the ground, the direction of arrow display in FIG. All 100 ° (± 10 °) half a revolution open, to form a diameter larger than the diameter of the bit housing 100 and the steel tube 12 is dug into the basement.

Therefore, the excavation hole is not only wider than the diameter of the bit housing 100, but also excavated wider than the steel tube 12, so that the steel tube 12 easily enters into the excavation hole as far as the ground, and the excavation occurs in the soil or The tip of the stone is discharged to the outside of the excavation hole through the steel pipe 12 and the tip discharge pipe 14 by the pressure of the air continuously supplied, and after the excavation is completed, if the air pressure is continuously supplied for a while The air pressure is supplied to and discharged from the pneumatic supply holes 106 and 208 and the pneumatic discharge holes 107 and 205, while the bit housing 100 including the inside of the steel tube 12, the multi-drive bit 400 and the pai. The tip of the dirt stone remaining in the lot bit 200 is pushed out to the outside cleanly, and if the hammer drill 12 is reversely rotated while the bit housing 100 and the pilot bit 200 is reversely rotated The drive bit (400) to its original position Since dropped by a half turn, steel tube 10, it is possible easily taken out to the outside from the bottom inside.

In the present invention, since the five multi-drive bits 400 installed at narrow equal intervals act to be narrowed or widened, it is possible to carry out an efficient excavation work even in bad conditions such as instability of the strata, and at the same time, the locking protrusion 115 and Since the multi-drive bit 400 is thoroughly protected by the pilot bit 200, it can be used without damage for a long time, and thus it is a very useful invention to provide the effect of shortening the construction period and reducing the construction cost.

Claims (1)

Multi-drive on the stepped bit pin fitting grooves 105 of equal intervals on the center and bottom of the pneumatic supply holes 106, 208 and pneumatic discharge holes 107, 205 formed at right angles or perpendicular to each other. The bit supporting surface 204 is formed to form the bottom pin hole 203, and the inner and outer circumferences coincide with the bearing half grooves 109, 201 and the fastening pin half grooves in which a circular bearing hole and a pin hole are formed. 110, 202, and the circular pilot head groove 112 and the hexagonal pilot bit hole 111 is formed, and the tip discharge paths 114, 207 and the spline 103 on the outer periphery. ), Five multi-drive bits 400 coupled at equal intervals can be excavated wider than the diameter of the embedded steel tube 12 while being half-reversely rotated at an angle of 100 ° (± 10 °). The structure of the excavator expansion hammer bit.