JPH0439589Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Field of industrial application) This invention uses a vibrator group consisting of an even number of first to n-th magnetostrictive vibrators arranged at approximately equal intervals on a circle or arc. All the transducers belonging to each transducer group of a cylindrical or semi-cylindrical ultrasonic transducer obtained by laminating multiple layers such that adjacent transducer groups are approximately equally spaced. The present invention relates to an ultrasonic transceiver for underwater detection that simultaneously excites and transmits ultrasonic pulses underwater and separately extracts received signals captured by each magnetostrictive vibrator. The present invention relates to an ultrasonic transceiver for underwater detection that can change the transmission direction of ultrasonic pulses with respect to a horizontal plane, that is, the tilt angle θ.

(Prior Art) In FIG. 1, L _o to L _1o , L _2o to L 31 and L ₃₁ to L _3o indicate excitation coils of a magnetostrictive vibrator. A so-called shoe-shaped magnetostrictive vibrator is used as the magnetostrictive vibrator, and the excitation coil is wound around the legs of the magnetostrictive vibrator.

Figure 2 shows the excitation coils L ₁₁ to L _1o , L ₂₁ to
The magnetostrictive oscillators are excited by L _2o , L ₃₁ to L _3o , and the magnetostrictive oscillators Z ₁₁ to Z _1o are excited by the exciting coil L ₁₁
Excited by L _1o to magnetostrictive oscillators Z ₂₁ to
Z _2o is the excitation coil L ₂₁ to L _2o and the magnetostrictive vibrator Z ₃₁ to
Z _3o is excited by exciting coils L ₃₁ to L _3o , respectively.

Magnetostrictive vibrators Z ₁₁ to Z _1o , Z ₂₁ to Z _2o , Z ₃₁ to
Z _3o is arranged in three stages in a circle, with one piece of sound insulation material between each stage.
are interposed therebetween, and sound insulating materials 2 are also interposed between adjacent vibrators arranged in a circular manner. The magnetostrictive vibrators Z ₁₁ to Z _1o Z ₂₁ to Z _2o and Z ₃₁ to Z _3o are supported between the casings 3 and 3 and fixed to the bottom of the ship by the support shaft 4.

In FIG. 1, the excitation coils L ₁₁ to L _1o are commonly connected at one end and grounded, and the other ends are individually connected to the output coil L ₀₁ of the output transformer 51 via transmission/reception switching circuits T ₁₁ to T _1o . be done. Excitation power is led to the output transformer 51 from an excitation power source 61, and the excitation coils _L11 to _L1o are simultaneously excited by this excitation power. Therefore, when the excitation coils L ₁₁ to L _1o are wound in the same direction, the magnetostrictive vibrators Z ₁₁ to Z _1o in FIG. 2 are excited in the same phase, so that ultrasonic pulses are simultaneously generated in the circumferential direction. Waves are transmitted. Note that after the ultrasonic pulse is transmitted, the reflected waves returning from the detected object are received by the magnetostrictive vibrators in each returning direction, and then guided to the respective receivers from the transmitting/receiving switching circuits _T11 to _T1o . However, this will be omitted.

On the other hand, the excitation coils L ₂₁ to L _2o and L ₃₁ to L _3o are also connected to the respective excitation power supplies 62 and 63 in the same manner as above.
Excited by. Therefore, the excitation power sources 61, 6
When 2 and 63 are in phase, the magnetostrictive vibrator in Figure 2
Since Z ₁₁ to Z _1o , Z ₂₁ to Z _2o , and Z ₃₁ to Z _3o are excited in the same phase, ultrasonic pulses are transmitted in a wide range of directions on the horizontal plane.

In this case, each stage of vibrators Z ₁₁ to Z _1o , Z ₂₁ to
By changing the excitation phase of Z _2o , Z ₃₁ to Z _3o , it is possible to change the transmission direction of the ultrasonic pulse with respect to the horizontal plane, that is, the tilt angle θ. The tilt angle θ is adjusted, as is well known, by adjusting the phase of each excitation output of the excitation power sources 61, 62, and 63 using the phase adjuster 7.

(Disadvantages of the conventional device) In Fig. 1, the excitation coils L ₁₁ to L _1o , L ₂₁
L _2o to L 3o and L ₃₁ to L _3o are the transducer housing 3 in FIG.
The excitation power sources 61, 62, 63, etc. are provided inside the hull. And each excitation power source 61, 6
2, 63 and the excitation coil are connected by a power supply line. In this case, in order to reduce the number of connected feeder lines as much as possible, the excitation coils _L11 to _L1o , _L21 to
A method in which one of L _2o , L ₃₁ to L _3o is commonly connected and grounded is often used. Therefore, the excitation coil
The currents L ₁₁ to L _1o , L ₂₁ to L _2o , and L ₃₁ to L _3o flow in the same phase, and the excitation current of each exciting coil during transmission is a relatively large current, so a very large ground current flows. . This ground current then passes through the casing 3, support shaft 4, and the hull of the ship to the output transformer 5 in Fig. 2.
It will lead you to 1, 52, 53. Therefore, conventionally,
This ground current causes electrical contact in the ground current path of the transducer housing and the ship's hull, causing various problems.
Further, the large ground current causes mutual induction between the vibrators, which causes deterioration of transmission and reception characteristics.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) This invention is intended to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, and aims to prevent ground current from flowing through the transducer housing.

(Means for solving the problem) The ultrasonic transmitter/receiver for underwater detection according to this invention has the following features:
A plurality of vibrator groups each consisting of an even number of first to n-th magnetostrictive vibrators arranged at approximately equal intervals on a circle or an arc, and a plurality of vibrator groups such that adjacent vibrator groups are approximately equally spaced apart. All the oscillators belonging to each oscillator group of the cylindrical or semi-cylindrical ultrasonic transducer obtained by laminating layers are simultaneously excited to transmit ultrasonic pulses into the water, and each magnetostrictive oscillator is The received signal captured by the above-mentioned plurality of layers is separately taken out, and the excitation coil of the even-numbered vibrator is separated from the excitation coil of the odd-numbered vibrator among the first to n-th magnetostrictive vibrators in each of the plurality of layers. Winding in the opposite direction, the end (starting end) of each excitation coil of the odd-numbered vibrator
At the same time, the terminal ends (starting ends) of the even-numbered transducers are commonly connected, and the common connection part is grounded to the casing of the ultrasonic transducer, and the first to nth magnetostrictive vibrations of each layer are connected in common. The ends of the secondary excitation coils that are not commonly connected are configured to be led to the excitation power source via a transmission/reception switching circuit.

(Principle of the invention) In FIG. 3, L ₁ and L ₂ are excitation coils similar to those in FIG. 1, and the excitation coil L ₂ is wound in the opposite direction to the excitation coil L ₁ .

The excitation coils L ₁ and L ₂ have their terminal ends connected to each other and grounded. Also, excitation coil L ₁
and the terminal of L ₂ is the excitation power source E ₁ . Connected to one end of E ₂ . The excitation power supplies E ₁ and E ₂ are connected in series and output the same output voltage in the same phase.

Therefore, when exciting coils L ₁ and L ₂ have the same characteristics,
Connection point Q between excitation coils L ₁ and L ₂ and excitation power supplies E ₁ and E ₂
Since the potential is balanced with the connection point P, P, Q
Even if the point is grounded, no ground current will flow. Furthermore, by winding the excitation coils L ₁ and L ₂ in opposite directions, it is possible to generate magnetic flux in the same direction, so that ultrasonic waves in the same phase can be generated from the vibrator.

(Embodiment of the invention) In FIG. 4, the same numbers as in FIG. 1 perform the same operations.

L' ₁₁ to L' _1o are excitation coils similar to those shown in FIG. 1, and an even number of them are arranged. The even-numbered excitation coils L' ₁₂ , L' ₁₄ , L' ₁₆ . . . are wound in the opposite direction to the odd-numbered excitation coils L' ₁₁ , L' ₁₃ , L' ₁₅ . Each excitation coil L′ ₁₁ to L′ _1o
have their ends connected together and grounded. Furthermore, the starting ends of each of the odd-numbered excitation coils L _{' 11} , L _{' 13 ,} L _{' 15 .} . . It is led to one terminal of the output coil L ₀₁ of No. 51. and,
The starting ends of each of the even-numbered excitation coils L _{' 12} , L _{' 14 ,} L _{' 16 .}
is led to the other terminal of In addition, each excitation coil
Transmission/reception switching circuit where the starting ends of L′ ₁₁ to L′ _1o are led
T ₁₁ to T _1o are for switching between a transmitting signal and a receiving signal as is well known, and each excitation coil L′ ₁₁ to
The received signal generated at L' _1o is directed to the receiver from each of the transmission/reception switching circuits T ₁₁ to T _1o .

In the above, the excitation coils L' ₁₁ to L' _1o are combined into pairs of odd-numbered excitation coils and even-numbered excitation coils, and transmitting current is supplied from the output transformer 51 in the same manner as in FIG. Therefore, since the potential at the connection point between the odd-numbered excitation coil and the even-numbered excitation coil is balanced as explained in FIG. 3, no ground current flows even if the connection point is grounded. However, the receiving signal generated in each of the excitation coils L' ₁₁ to L' _1o is grounded at its terminal end, and the receiving voltage relative to the ground potential is sent out from the transmission/reception switching circuit. Therefore, a ground current due to the received voltage flows, but since the received voltage is a very weak signal, even if the ground current flows due to this, the above-mentioned problem will not occur.

The other excitation coils L' ₂₁ to L' _2o and L' ₃₁ to L' _3o are connected in the same manner as the excitation coils L' ₁₁ to L' _1o , and are excited by the respective output transformers 52 and 53.

(Effects of the invention) As explained above, this invention can lead the transmission current to each excitation coil without flowing a ground current.

Therefore, transmission and reception can be performed without causing mutual induction in each vibrator due to the ground current, so that the transmission and reception characteristics of the transducer can be improved. Further, electrical contact due to ground current can be prevented.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the operation of a conventional device.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of an ultrasonic transducer, FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the principle of this invention, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an embodiment of this invention.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] A plurality of vibrator groups each consisting of an even number of first to n-th magnetostrictive vibrators arranged at approximately equal intervals on a circle or an arc, with distance between adjacent vibrator groups. All the transducers belonging to each transducer group of a cylindrical or semi-cylindrical ultrasonic transducer obtained by laminating multiple layers at approximately equal intervals are simultaneously excited to emit ultrasonic pulses into the water. In an ultrasonic receiver for underwater detection that transmits waves and separately extracts received signals captured by each magnetostrictive vibrator, an odd-numbered vibration of the first to n-th magnetostrictive vibrators in each of the plurality of layers is used. The excitation coil of the even-numbered vibrator is wound in the opposite direction to the excitation coil of the child, and the end (starting end) of each excitation coil of the odd-numbered vibrator is wound.
At the same time, the terminal ends (starting ends) of the even-numbered transducers are commonly connected, and the common connection part is grounded to the casing of the ultrasonic transducer, and the first to nth magnetostrictive vibrations of each layer are connected in common. Ultrasonic transmitter/receiver for underwater detection, characterized in that the ends of the excitation coils that are not commonly connected are guided through a transmitter/receiver switching circuit to an excitation power source or one input terminal thereof to a receiver grounded to the hull. vessel.