JPH04368569A - Safety escaping structure at fire in high-rise multiple dwelling house - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable all dwellers at both upper and lower floors of a floor, where a fire has occurred, to escape therefrom safely without fail. CONSTITUTION:An internal passageway 2 is installed in the central part of a building, and an additional room 3 equipped with a pressurized smokeproof system is set up adjacently in this internal passageway 2 via a first smokeproof door 4 open to the side of the additional room 3. This room 3 is adjoined to a staircase 6 via a second smokeproof door 5. On the other hand, in a high-rise multiple dwelling house made up of setting up each house door 7 in an outer circumferential part of the internal passageway 2, a pressure-relief device 10 is installed in a boundary wall 9 between the room 3 and the staircase 6 aside from the second smokeproof door 5. With this pressure relief device 10, pressure in the additional room 3 is set so as to escape to the side of the staircase 6.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a safe evacuation structure in the event of a fire in a high-rise apartment complex.

0002

[Prior Art] In conventional high-rise apartment buildings, the occurrence of a fire poses a great danger not only to the unit where the fire occurred, but also to the residents living in adjacent units and units on the upper and lower floors. Become. Particular attention is being paid to the damage caused by smoke from fires, and various regulatory measures are being taken. In high-rise apartment complexes, an internal corridor system has been adopted in which an internal hallway is located in the center of the building. It is mandatory to install smoke-proof doors between internal corridors and stairwells, and between annexes and stairwells.

[0003] In the event of a fire, the pressurized smoke prevention system is automatically activated, and on the floor where the fire is located, a damper installed on the boundary wall between the annex and the internal hallway on that floor is activated. It opens automatically and uses a predetermined pressure of air to prevent smoke generated by a fire from escaping from the stairwell to the upper or lower floors via the attached room.

0004

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] However, on the floors above and below the floor where the fire occurred, the pressure in the attached rooms increases at the time of the fire, but the dampers remain closed.
There is a considerable pressure difference between the attached room and the internal corridor.

On the other hand, the smoke doors between the internal hallway and the annex and between the annex and the stairwell are each set to open in the evacuation direction, so the smoke doors between the annex and the stairwell are designed to open in the evacuation direction. The smoke-proof door between the internal corridor and the annex opens easily regardless of the pressure difference, but the smoke-proof door between the internal hallway and the annex opens against the pressure difference, so the pressure of the pressurized air remains constant. If this happens, it may be difficult for young children to open the door, which may pose a safety evacuation problem.

[0006] The present invention solves the conventional problems and provides a safe evacuation structure in the event of a fire in a high-rise apartment complex, which allows residents on the floors above and below the floor where a fire occurred to safely and reliably evacuate. The purpose is to

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the safety evacuation structure in the event of a fire in a high-rise apartment complex according to the present invention has an internal corridor arranged in the center of the building, and a structure adjacent to the internal corridor. , an annex equipped with a pressurized smoke-proof system is installed through a first smoke-proof door that opens toward the annex, and this annex is adjacent to the staircase via a second smoke-proof door 5. On the other hand, in a high-rise apartment building in which each dwelling unit is arranged on the outer periphery of the internal corridor, a pressure relief device is provided on the boundary wall between the annex and the staircase, separately from the second smoke door. , characterized in that, in the event of a fire, when the pressure in the annex exceeds a predetermined level due to the activation of the pressurized smoke prevention system, the pressure relief device is configured to release the pressure in the annex to the stairwell side. be.

[0008] The pressure relief device is a louver, and the louver is configured so that the area of the upper blade plate is set to be larger than the area of the lower blade plate by a predetermined amount across the axis of rotation in the vertical direction, and A counterweight is provided at the free end of the slat, and under normal conditions, the weight of the counterweight keeps the louver closed, and if the pressure in the annex exceeds a predetermined level in the event of a fire, the upper part of the louver closes. The weight of the counterweight and the upper and lower blades are adjusted so that the louver is in an open state against the weight of the counterweight due to the pressure receiving area difference between the blade and the lower blade. It is preferable that the structure has a set pressure receiving area.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 5 show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
is a conceptual plan view of the high-rise apartment complex according to this embodiment, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the main parts of FIG. Figures 4 and 5
2A and 2B are explanatory diagrams showing a closed state and an open state of the louver, respectively.

[0010] In the high-rise apartment building 1 according to this embodiment, as shown in the figure, an internal corridor 2 is provided in the center of the building. Adjacent to this internal hallway 2, an annex 3 equipped with a pressurized smoke prevention system is installed via a first smoke prevention door 4. Further, this annex 3 is adjacent to a staircase room 6 via a second smoke-proof door 5. The first smoke door 4 and the second smoke door 6 are connected in the evacuation direction, that is, from the internal hallway 2 to the attached room 3.
It is set to open from the annex 3 to the staircase 6. Furthermore, a predetermined number of dwelling units 7 are arranged around the outer periphery of the internal corridor 2.

A damper 8 is installed on the boundary wall between the internal corridor 2 and the annex 3 as shown in FIG. Only in the annex 3 on the floor where the dwelling unit is located, the damper 8 is automatically opened so that pressurized air is sent from the damper 8 to the interior corridor 2 side.

Therefore, in this embodiment, a louver 10 as a pressure relief device is provided on the boundary wall 9 between the annex 3 and the staircase 6, in addition to the second smoke-proof door 5, to prevent the above-mentioned pressure relief in the event of a fire. When the pressure inside the annex 3 reaches a predetermined level or higher due to the operation of the pressure smoke prevention system, each blade of the louver 10 rotates in the opening direction, and the pressure inside the annex 3 is set to be released to the stairwell 6 side. has been done.

The louver 10 in this embodiment is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, the area of each upper blade plate 12 is set to be larger than the area 13 of each lower blade plate by a predetermined amount across the vertical axis of rotation 11. Further, a counterwit 14 is provided at the free end of each of the lower blades 13.

[0014] During normal times, that is, when there is no fire, the weight of the counterweight 14 causes each blade plate to rotate counterclockwise in the figure, as shown in FIG. is in a closed state. On the other hand, in the event of a fire, if the pressure inside the attached room 3 exceeds a predetermined level,
As shown in the figure, due to the difference in pressure receiving area between the upper blade plate 12 and the lower blade plate 13, each blade plate rotates clockwise in the figure against the weight of the counterweight 14, and the louver 10
The weight of the counterweight 14 and the pressure-receiving area of the upper blade plate 12 and lower blade plate 13 are adjusted and set so that the upper blade plate 12 and the lower blade plate 13 are in an open state. Further, if necessary, a stopper 15 for the vane plate may be provided as shown in the figure.

In this embodiment having the above configuration, when a fire occurs, the pressurized smoke prevention system of the attached room 3 is automatically activated, and on the floor where the fire dwelling unit 71 is located, the attached room 3 of that floor is automatically operated. The damper 8 installed on the boundary wall between the interior corridor 2 and
The smoke generated by the fire is sent to the interior corridor 2 side.
Prevent the person from escaping from the stairway 6 to the upper or lower floors via the annex 3.

However, on the floors above and below the floor where the fire occurred, pressurized smoke prevention systems are automatically activated in the event of a fire.
Although the pressure inside the attached chamber 3 increases, the damper 8
As it remains closed, the inside of Annex 3 and interior corridor 2
There is a considerable pressure difference.

[0017] When the pressure difference exceeds a certain level, in this embodiment, the damper 10 is opened as shown in FIG. be able to. Therefore, even though the first smoke door 4 between the internal hallway 2 and the annex 3 is opened against the pressure difference as described above, the pressure difference between the two is reduced to a predetermined value or less. This means that even children can easily open the door, allowing residents on the floors above and below the floor where the fire occurred to safely evacuate. The second smoke door 5 between the annex 3 and the staircase 6 is
Since it opens toward the lower pressure, it opens easily regardless of the pressure difference, so there is no problem.

[0018] Regarding the above-mentioned pressure relief device in the annex chamber 3, other than the above-mentioned louver 10 with the counterweight 14, it may be replaced by an appropriate means such as using a pressure relief valve. Furthermore, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and that various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

[0019]

[Effects of the Invention] The present invention is constructed as described above,
A pressure relief device is provided on the boundary wall between the annex and the stairway, separate from the second smoke door, and when the pressure in the annex exceeds a predetermined pressure due to the operation of the pressurized smoke prevention system in the event of a fire, the pressure relief device The structure is designed to release the pressure inside the annex to the stairwell, so residents on the floors above and below the floor where the fire occurred also
Safe evacuation becomes possible.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual plan view of a high-rise apartment complex.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the main part of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a conceptual cross-sectional view of essential parts showing a safe evacuation structure in the event of a fire.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a closed state of the louver.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an open state of the louver.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 High-rise apartment complex 2 Internal corridor 3 Annex 4 First smoke door 5 Second smoke door 6 Staircase 7 Dwelling unit 8 Damper 9 Boundary wall 10 Pressure relief device (lounge) 11
Rotating shaft 12 Upper blade plate 13 Lower blade plate 14 Counterweight

Claims (2)

[Claims] [Claim 1] An internal hallway is provided in the center of the building, and an annex equipped with a pressurized smoke prevention system is provided adjacent to the internal hallway through a first smoke door that opens toward the annex. The attached room is adjacent to the stairwell via the second smoke-proof door 5. On the other hand, in a high-rise apartment complex where each dwelling unit is arranged around the outer periphery of the internal corridor, the attached room is Separately from the second smoke door, a pressure relief device is provided on the boundary wall with the stairwell, and if the pressure in the attached room exceeds a predetermined pressure due to the activation of the pressurized smoke prevention system in the event of a fire, the pressure relief device will release the pressure relief device. ,
A safe evacuation structure in the event of a fire in a high-rise apartment complex, characterized in that the pressure inside the attached room is set to be released to the staircase side. 2. The pressure relief device is a gully;
In this louver, the area of the upper blade plate is set to be larger than the area of the lower blade plate by a predetermined amount across the axis of rotation in the vertical direction, and a counter is provided at the free end of the lower blade plate.
Under normal conditions, the louver is closed due to the weight of the counterweight, and if the pressure inside the annex exceeds a predetermined level in the event of a fire, the pressure between the upper and lower slats will close. The weight of the counterweight and the pressure-receiving area of the upper blade plate and the lower blade plate are set so that the louver is in an open state against the weight of the counterweight due to the difference in area. A safe evacuation structure in the event of a fire in a high-rise apartment building as described in Item 1.