JPH0435869A - Grinding device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To execute the dressing of the work face of a conductive grinding wheel on each processing and to work with the grinding wheel with no clogging, by providing a feeding device which feeds a water soluble grinding liquids to the conductive grinding wheel and a blowing device which eliminates each grinding liquid so that they are not mixed together. CONSTITUTION:A conductive grinding wheel 22 is moved to a standby position apart from a work 4 after completion of processing. The feeding of an oily grinding liquid 32 is stopped from the time when the retreat motion of this grinding wheel 22 is started and air is blown from an air nozzle 27 in order to clean the work face of the conductive grinding wheel 22. A water soluble grinding liquid 33 is fed from a nozzle 26 between the work face of conductive grinding wheel 22 located at this standby position and the electrode 25 connected to the cathode of the power source 23 having this work face and a desired interval. At this time, the conductive grinding wheel 22 is rotated at low speed, while impressing voltage on an anode via a feeding brush 24 to the conductive grinding wheel 22 and on a cathode to the electrode 25, and the dressing of the grinding wheel 22 is performed with an electrolytic action being caused.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to grinding of hard and brittle materials such as glass and ceramics, and more particularly to a grinding device that performs processing while also using dressing of a tool by electrolytic action.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, when performing centering processing while grinding the outer diameter of a workpiece (for example, an optical member), it has been customary to use a tool such as a grindstone as a centering machine and perform the processing with an oil-based grinding fluid. An outline of the structure of this centering machine will be explained using FIG. 7 and FIG. 8.

A bell shaft 53 is rotatably and slidably fitted into the right guide 52 of the centering machine 51. At one end of the bell shaft 53, a bell or groove 55 is screwed onto the bell shaft 53 for inserting a work 54 and bringing out the optical axis of the work 54. A bell gear 56 for rotating the bell and gutter 55 is attached to the other end of the bell shaft 53. The bell shaft 53 is movable back and forth with respect to the right guide 52 by an arm (not shown), serves to clamp the workpiece 55 and to align the optical axis, and prevents the workpiece 55 from moving during grinding.

A workpiece 54 is sandwiched between one end of the workpiece shaft 57 which is rotatably fitted with a bell or a drill 55, and the workpiece 54 is
A tip or aperture 58 from which the optical axis emerges is screwed and attached.

A work gear 59 is attached to the other end of the work shaft 57. The bell gear 56 and the work gear 59 are connected to a bell motor 60.
They mesh with gears 62 and 63 attached to a transmission shaft 61 connected to the bell and groove, respectively, and rotate the bell and groove 55 and the tip and groove 58 in synchronization.

The stage 64 is provided on the base 51 so as to be movable back and forth and left and right. A motor 65 and a spindle 66 rotatably fitted and held are provided on the stage 64. A belt 67 is stretched between one end of the spindle 66 and the motor 65, and the driving force of the motor 65 is applied to the spindle 66. communicated. A grindstone 6 is attached to the other end of the spindle 66.

The centering machine 51 having the above configuration clamps the workpiece 54 using the bell or chimney 55 and the tip chimney 58 whose opposing end surfaces are ground to have an acute edge, and allows the optical axis of the workpiece 54 to be brought out. Fix it so that it does not move.

Next, the grindstone 68 is advanced to grind the outer diameter of the workpiece 54.

When chamfering the outer diameter of the workpiece 54, the grinding wheel 68 is moved from side to side to perform the grinding process.

On the other hand, recently, an electrolytic in-process dressing grinding method has been proposed.

For example, in the 1989 Society for Precision Engineering Spring Conference Academic Lecture Proceedings, as shown in FIG. ing. Conductive grindstone 72
A power supply brush 73 is provided in contact with the electrode 74 , and an electrode 74 is provided at a position facing the processed surface 72 a of the conductive grindstone 72 . A power supply device 75 is provided near the conductive grindstone 72 and the rotary table 71, and is configured such that a positive electrode is applied to the power supply brush 73 and a negative voltage is applied to the electrode 74. Further, a grinding fluid supply nozzle 76 is provided near the conductive grindstone 72 and the electrode 74.

In the apparatus configured as described above, a workpiece 77 is placed on a rotary table 71, and while a water-soluble grinding fluid 78 is constantly supplied to the electrode 74 from the grinding fluid supply nozzle 76, the power supply device 75 connects the power supply brush 73 and the electrode 74. A processing method is disclosed in which the grinding process is performed in the same way as the known grinding process using a surface grinder while applying a voltage to the grinding machine.

According to the above-mentioned processing method, electrolytic action occurs between the conductive grindstone 72 and the electrode 74 which are placed opposite each other via the water-soluble grinding fluid 78, and the binder of the conductive grindstone 72 is slightly removed from the machined surface 72a. Because it elutes and performs a draining action, processing can always be performed without clogging.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, the prior art has the following drawbacks.

That is, in a typical bell-type centering machine, the grinding wheel becomes clogged during the grinding process, resulting in poor surface accuracy and centering accuracy, and the grinding process takes a long time. The sharpening work to correct this clogging is performed in a separate process after the machining is finished or after the grindstone is removed, which adds time to the work, which has the disadvantage that it is not possible to shorten the work time.

Further, processing by electrolytic in-process dressing grinding uses a water-soluble grinding fluid, which has the disadvantage of causing discoloration on the glass surface.

The present invention was developed in view of the shortcomings in the prior art, and provides a glass grinding device that uses two types of grinding fluids in the same machine and can dress the grindstone intermittently. With the goal.

[Means and effects for solving the problem] The present invention provides a grinding device that performs processing while supplying an oil-based grinding fluid using a movable conductive grindstone, in which the conductive grindstone is operated while not being processed. an electrode facing the processing surface, a power supply device that applies a voltage to the conductive grindstone and the electrode, a supply device that supplies an aqueous solution to the conductive grindstone, a blow device that removes each of the grinding fluids so that they do not mix; It is equipped with a control device that controls each device.

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of the present invention.

1 is a grinding device, and a bell shaft 3 is rotatably and slidably fitted into a right guide 2 of the grinding device 1. At one end of the bell shaft 3, a bell or gutter 5 for inserting a work 4 and bringing out the optical axis of the work 4 is attached to the bell shaft 3 by screwing. A bell gear 6 for rotating the bell and gutter 5 is attached to the other end of the hell shaft 3. Further, a work shaft 8 is rotatably fitted into a work shaft unit 7 arranged in parallel with the right guide 2, and a work 4 is sandwiched between a bell and a chisel 5 at one end of the work shaft 8. A tip or gutter 9 is attached that projects an optical axis and holds the workpiece 4, and is disposed opposite to the bell or gutter 5. A work gear 10 for rotating the tip and gutter 9 is attached to the other end of the work shaft 8. The bell gear 6 and the work gear 10 mesh with a gear 13 and a gear I4, respectively, which are attached to a transmission shaft 12 connected to a bell motor 11, and rotate the bell shaft 5 and the tip shaft 9 in synchronization. An oil-based grinding fluid supply nozzle 15 is provided near the bell or gutter 5 and the tip or gutter 9.

The grinding wheel shaft unit 16 is a grinding wheel shaft actuator 1 that is connected in series.
7, it is provided so as to be movable back and forth and left and right. A motor 18 and a grindstone shaft guide 19 are provided on the grindstone shaft unit 16, and a spindle 20 is rotatably fitted into the grindstone shaft guide 19. A belt 21 is stretched between one end of the spindle 20 and the motor 18, and a conductive grindstone 22 is attached to the other end of the spindle 20.

A power supply device 23 is provided near the conductive grindstone 22 . A power supply brush 24 provided in contact with the conductive grindstone 22 is connected to an anode of a power supply device 23 . At a standby position when the conductive grindstone 22 is not performing processing, an electrode 25 is provided with a desired spacing from the processing surface of the conductive grindstone 22, and the electrode 25 is connected to the cathode of the power supply bag W23. . A water-soluble grinding fluid supply nozzle 26 and an air nozzle 27 are arranged near the electrode 25 .

Near the grinding device 1, there is an oil-based grinding fluid supply device 28 connected to the oil-based grinding fluid supply nozzle 15. Water-soluble grinding fluid supply device 29 connected to water-soluble grinding fluid supply nozzle 26. The present invention, which is equipped with an air supply device 30 connected to an air nozzle 27 and a side heating device 31 that controls the movement of the entire grinding device 1, can perform processing while draining the grindstone intermittently. .

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the grinding device according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

(First Embodiment) FIGS. 2 and 3 are schematic configuration diagrams showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

In FIGS. 2 and 3, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are given the same numbers, and their explanations will be omitted.

Work 4. Below the conductive grinding wheel 22 and the electrodes 25, a tarry 34 is installed to collect the oil-based grinding fluid 32 discharged from the oil-based grinding fluid supply nozzle 15 and the aqueous grinding fluid 33 discharged from the water-soluble grinding fluid supply nozzle 26. A switching valve 35 for returning each of the grinding fluids 32 and 33 to the oil-based grinding fluid supply device 28 or the water-soluble grinding fluid supply device 29 is connected to the lower center of the tarpaulin 34 .

The device configured as described above rotates the conductive grindstone 22, which is movable back and forth and left and right, at high speed, contacts the workpiece 4 rotating at low speed, and supplies the conductive grindstone 22 with the oil-based grinding fluid supply nozzle 15. Machining is performed while discharging the oil-based grinding fluid 32 between the workpieces 4.

The oil-based grinding fluid 32 falls, is collected by the tray 34, and is circulated back to the oil-based grinding fluid supply device 28 via the switching valve 35 (see FIG. 2).

After finishing the machining, the conductive grindstone 22 moves away from the workpiece 4 to a standby position. From the time this retraction operation of the conductive grindstone 22 starts, the supply of the oil-based grinding fluid 32 is stopped, and air is supplied to the air nozzle 2 in order to clean the machined surface of the conductive grindstone 22.
Spray from 7.

A water-soluble grinding fluid 3 is applied from a nozzle 26 between the processed surface of the conductive grindstone 22 located in the standby position and an electrode 25 connected to the cathode of a power source 23 with a desired distance from the processed surface.
3 is supplied. At this time, when the conductive whetstone 22 is rotated at low speed while applying voltage to the anode and the cathode to the electrode 25 through the power supply brush 24, an electrolytic action occurs and dressing of the conductive whetstone 22 is performed. be exposed.

The water-soluble grinding fluid 33 that has flowed down is collected by the tray 34,
Water-soluble grinding fluid supply device 2 via switching valve 35
Return to 9. After a certain period of time has passed in this state, voltage is applied to the conductive grinding wheel 22 and the electrode 25, and the water-soluble grinding fluid 3 is turned off.
3 is stopped, and air is blown from the air nozzle 27 to clean the processed surface of the conductive grindstone 22 (
(See Figure 3).

The above steps complete one cycle, and these operations are automatically performed by the control device. Also, during this operation, work 4
exchange.

According to this embodiment, the machining fluid remains as it is, and the conductive grinding wheel 2
Dressing of step 2 can be performed within the time required to replace workpiece 4, and grinding can be carried out efficiently.

(Second Embodiment) FIGS. 4 and 5 are schematic configuration diagrams showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

This embodiment uses the grinding wheel shaft unit 16 in the first embodiment.
The air nozzle 27 is fixed to the
The main difference is that the handle 34 is configured to be able to move back and forth a large distance, and the handle 34 is divided into a processing side handle 34a and a standby side handle 34b when being processed, and the other configurations are the same. Identical components are given the same numbers and their explanations will be omitted.

In this embodiment, the dressing process is performed on the processing side die 34a during processing, and the dressing process is performed on the standby side die 34b during non-processing. As a result, the oil-based grinding fluid 32 is
4a, the water-soluble grinding fluid 33 is collected by the tray 34b and returned to each grinding fluid supply device 28, 29. Further, air blowing for cleaning the processed surface of the conductive grindstone 22 after processing and dressing is performed by operating an air nozzle 27 fixed to the grindstone shaft unit 16 at points during processing and during non-processing. Hereinafter, the operation is similar to that of the first embodiment, and a description of the operation will be omitted.

According to this embodiment, the grinding liquids 32 and 33 can be completely separated, and the problem of mixing of the grinding liquids 32 and 33 can be solved. Furthermore, by configuring the grindstone shaft unit 16 to be able to move back and forth a large distance, the dressing equipment can be set with ease.

(Third example) FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the conductive grindstone 22 of the first embodiment is mounted on the spindle 20 of the grindstone shaft guide 19, and a plurality of St-based grindstones 22a,
22b is provided, and a plurality of electrodes 25a, 25b are provided corresponding to the processed surfaces of the conductive grindstones 22a, 22b. Water-soluble grinding fluid supply nozzles 26a, 26b are provided near each of the electrodes 25a, 25b, and a water-soluble grinding fluid is provided between the water-soluble grinding fluid supply nozzles 26a, 26b and the water-soluble grinding fluid supply device 29. A valve 36 is provided to switch the nozzle 33 to one of the plurality of water-soluble grinding fluid supply nozzles 26a, 26b. In addition, an air nozzle 2 is installed so that air can be blown onto the processing surface of each conductive grindstone 22a, 22b.
7 is installed in two places. Furthermore, each conductive grindstone 22
A coarse movement actuator 37 is attached to the grindstone shaft unit 16 to move the wheels a and 22b left and right to two points.

This embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that it is configured as described above, and the other configurations are the same, so the same components are given the same numbers and their explanations will be omitted.

In this embodiment, the workpiece 4 is machined using the conductive grindstone 22b located at the center while supplying the oil-based grinding fluid 32. In parallel with this processing, a voltage is applied to the other conductive grindstone 22a by the power supply device 23, and a water-soluble grinding fluid 33 is supplied to perform electrolytic dressing. After the machining is completed, the air nozzle 27 blows air to clean the machining surface of each conductive grindstone 22a22b.After this, the coarse movement actuator 37 moves the conductive whetstone 22a laterally to the center position in preparation for the next machining. . Moved conductive grindstone 22b
Perform electrolytic dressing during the next processing.

According to this embodiment, processing and dressing can be performed simultaneously, there is no time loss, processing can be performed in good condition constantly, and good accuracy can be obtained.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention, the processing surface of the conductive grindstone can be dressed every time processing is performed, and processing can be performed using a grindstone that is free from clogging, thereby achieving good surface accuracy and centering. Accuracy can be obtained and grinding time can be shortened. Furthermore, the sharpening work of the grindstone can be performed within the same device and within the processing cycle, resulting in a significant reduction in the number of man-hours. Furthermore, the grinding fluid used for machining can be a well-proven oil-based grinding fluid, which does not cause the problem of burning and is good for improving core accuracy.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a grinding device according to the present invention, FIGS. 2 and 3 are schematic configuration diagrams showing the first embodiment, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are schematic configuration diagrams showing the second embodiment. Figures 6 and 6 are schematic configuration diagrams showing the third embodiment, Figures 7 to 9 show conventional examples, Figure 7 is a plan view, Figure 8 is a partially enlarged sectional view, and Figure 9 is a schematic diagram. FIG. 1...Grinding device 2...Right guide 3...-Bell axis 4...Work 5...Bell shaft 6...Bell gear 7...Work shaft unit 8--Work shaft 9... - Tip and tooth 10... Work gear 11... Bell motor 12... Transmission shaft 1314... Gear 5... Oil-based grinding fluid supply nozzle 16... Grinding wheel shaft unit 17... Grinding wheel shaft actuator 18. ... Motor 19 ... - Grinding wheel shaft guide 20 ... Spindle 21 ... Belt 22 ... Conductive grindstone 23 ... Power supply device 24 ... Power supply brush 25 ... Electrode 26 ... Water-soluble Grinding fluid supply nozzle 27...Air nozzle 28...Oil-based grinding fluid supply device 29...Water-soluble grinding fluid supply device 30...Air supply device 31...Control device 32...Oil-based grinding fluid 33 ...Water-soluble grinding fluid 34...Turnip 35...Switching valve 36...Valve 37...Coarse actuator No.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) In a grinding device that performs processing while supplying an oil-based grinding fluid using a movable conductive grinding wheel, an electrode that faces the processing surface of the conductive grinding wheel during non-processing, and a conductive grinding wheel a power supply device that applies voltage to the electrodes, a supply device that supplies water-soluble grinding fluid to the conductive grindstone, a blow device that removes the grinding fluids so that they do not get mixed in, and a control device that controls each of the devices. A grinding device characterized by comprising: