JPH0435149B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Technical Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a Ganoderma mycelium extract and a method for producing the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a Ganoderma mycelium extract extracted from Ganoderma mycelium grown in a solid medium based on Bacchus, and a method for producing the same.

Technical background of the invention and its problems Mushrooms have been widely used for food for many years, and some types of mushrooms have also been used for medicinal purposes. Mushrooms consist of a fruiting body, which is usually used for food or medicine, and a mycelium, which corresponds to the stem or root of the mushroom.The fruiting body functions as the mushroom's reproductive organ, and the mycelium provides nutrients to the fruiting body. It functions as a nutritional organ that supplies As described above, the fruiting bodies of mushrooms have been widely used for food and medicinal purposes, but in mushrooms such as shiitake, it is said that more nutritional and medicinal ingredients are contained in the mycelium than in the fruiting bodies. It has been discovered in recent years. For example, when looking at shiitake mushrooms, the essential amino acid threonine is present in 100g of fruiting body.
Although it only contains 0.80g, mycelium
It is reported that 100g contains a whopping 2.07g.

Under these circumstances, attempts have been made to extract medicinal or nutritionally valuable active ingredients from shiitake mushroom mycelium. For example, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-19013, Shiitake mushroom inoculum is inoculated into a solid medium made of sawdust and rice bran, etc., and after mycelium is grown by a conventional method, the medium immediately before or after the fruiting body is pulverized. Add water, adjust the pH to 5.0, seal it in a container, and heat it to 30-55℃ to promote the metabolism of mycelium enzymes and metabolites. A method for extracting medicinal ingredients from solid cultivated mycelium of shiitake mushrooms is disclosed, which is characterized in that the turbid liquid is filtered. Furthermore, Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-23392 discloses that Shiitake fungi were inoculated into a solid medium made of fallen epidermis or Bacchus as a base material, with rice bran added as needed, and mycelium was grown. Later, the medium containing mycelium was ground to determine the pH.
Add adjusted water, seal in a container, and heat at 30-55℃.
A method for producing a health drink is disclosed, which is characterized in that the resulting suspension is filtered after being heated to a certain degree to promote the metabolism of the mycelium and to sufficiently carry out the enzymatic reaction.

However, the methods disclosed in the above publications all use shiitake mushroom mycelium as a raw material, and
The method disclosed in Publication No. 51-19013 has the disadvantage that the lignin, tannin, etc. contained in sawdust are transferred to the resulting liquid and are therefore bitter, making it unsuitable for use as a beverage. Ta. Furthermore, in the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-23392, it is necessary to adjust the pH when extracting the active ingredient from a solid medium containing shiitake mushroom mycelium.
Since it is necessary to maintain the temperature at 30 to 55°C for a long time, process control is complicated and time-consuming.

On the other hand, Reishi mushroom belongs to the Arunococcinaceae family and is generally referred to as the Manchurian mushroom, and has been known as a Chinese herbal medicine with extremely excellent medicinal effects since ancient times. According to the ``Boncao Net'' written by Li Shizhen, a medical scientist and pharmacologist of the Ming Dynasty in China, six types of reishi are known: green grass, red grass, yellow grass, white grass, black grass, and purple grass, and in recent years. Reishi mushrooms have been shown to have anti-cancer effects, as well as sedative, analgesic, and antitussive effects, as well as excellent medicinal effects on the cardiovascular system, including hypertension.

As you can see, reishi has excellent medicinal properties, but
Until now, the fruiting bodies of Reishi mushrooms have only been infused and drunk, or the fruiting bodies have been finely ground and eaten. As a result of further in-depth research into the medicinal and nutritional components of Reishi, the present inventor discovered that even in Reishi, more medicinal and nutritional components are contained in the mycelium than in the fruiting body. After making this discovery and conducting further research, we discovered a method for effectively extracting medicinal and nutritional components from Ganoderma mycelium, and completed the present invention.

OBJECTIVES AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a Ganoderma mycelium extract containing extremely high concentrations of medicinal and nutritional components, as well as a method for producing the Ganoderma mycelium extract.

The Ganoderma mycelium extract according to the present invention can be obtained by extraction from a Bacas base medium containing Ganoderma mycelium. In addition, the method for producing Ganoderma mycelium extract according to the present invention involves inoculating Reishi fungi into a solid medium based on Bacchus, propagating Ganoderma mycelium, and unraveling the obtained mycelium-containing solid medium. , add water,
The process is characterized in that the Bacchus fibers are then crushed and crushed while being heated to a temperature of up to 95°C.

Specific Description of the Invention The Ganoderma mycelium extract according to the present invention contains sugars,
Contains high concentrations of medicinal and nutritional ingredients such as ergosterine, mannitol, adenine, uracil, glycine betaine, stearic acid, polynureleoside, polyamino acids, and interferon derivatives. On the other hand, when the Ganoderma fruiting body is extracted with water, the concentrations of the medicinal and nutritional components described above are not as high as when the Ganoderma mycelium is extracted with water.

In addition, since the Ganoderma mycelium extract according to the present invention is extracted from the Bakasu base medium containing Reishi mycelium, the saccharides, proteins, and
Active ingredients such as medicinal ingredients are also extracted at the same time, and the nutritional and medicinal ingredients in Bakasu are also contained in sufficiently high concentrations.

As the base material of the solid medium in the present invention, Bacas or Bacas to which the dried leaf diameter of sugar cane is added, or Bacas to which rice bran is added is used. Bakasu is the squeezed residue of sugarcane, and it contains sugars and proteins that serve as nutritional sources for mycelium, and can be used as a solid medium as it is, but 10 to 30 parts of rice bran is A solid medium can also be prepared by adding parts by weight. Furthermore, minerals such as phosphorus, iron, germanium, etc. can be added to the Bacchus base medium as needed.

Reishi fungi to be inoculated into a solid medium based on Bacus include green grass, red grass, yellow grass, white grass, black grass, purple grass, etc.; is not limited. After the Ganoderma lucidum is inoculated into a solid medium, it is left in a culture chamber with controlled temperature, humidity, and illuminance for a predetermined period of time to allow mycelium to grow.

After the Ganoderma mycelium has sufficiently grown and the mycelium has sufficiently spread in the medium, just before or after the emergence of fruiting bodies, the cellulose in the Bacchus medium is unbundled, preferably 12 meshes have passed through 30 % by weight or less. When unbundling this Bakasu fibrin,
In order to make the amount passing through the 12 mesh 30% by weight or more, a special pulverizer or the like is required, which is not preferable because the active ingredient may be lost in this case. In other words, if the Bacchus culture medium is unbundled without using a special crusher, the amount that passes through 12 meshes will be 30% by weight or less. Incidentally, the unbundling of the Bacchus substrate medium is preferably carried out immediately before or immediately after the fruiting bodies emerge, but in some cases, it may be performed after the fruiting bodies have grown considerably.

Add 1 to 10 kg, preferably 2 to 6 kg, per 1 kg of Bacas medium to the Bacas medium unbundled in this way.
Kg of water is added. There is no need to adjust the pH of this added water. At this time, in addition to water, enzymes such as cellulase, protease, and glucosital, alcohols such as ethyl alcohol, and the like may be added as necessary.

Next, the suspension consisting of the Bacchus medium prepared as described above and water is crushed and crushed,
Preferably, at least 70% by weight of the Bacchus fibers passes through 12 meshes. This grinding and grinding may be carried out while maintaining the temperature between 30 and 50°C, but during the grinding and grinding, the temperature may be raised above the above temperature, or the temperature may be slightly raised. It is preferable to do this while The pulverization and crushing of the bacassu fibers can be carried out by applying a pulverizing and crushing action to the bacassu fibers in a gear section while circulating the mixture containing the bacassu fibers using a variable speed gear pump or the like. Alternatively, while circulating the solid medium-containing mixture using a pump, a crusher may be provided separately, and the solid medium may be crushed by this crusher. In the heating process, the water temperature should be 60℃, preferably 70℃.
When room temperature air is injected into the suspension when the temperature is above ℃, the air bubbles are rapidly heated and breakage occurs, giving a shock to the bakasu fibers.
Effective ingredients can be extracted more effectively. It is preferable to repeat this operation several times.
It is preferred that at least 70% by weight of the crushed and mashed Bacchus fibers pass through 12 meshes. 70% by weight passes through 12 meshes
If the following conditions are met, not only will the effective ingredients in the solid medium not be extracted sufficiently, but there will also be a large portion of the cellulose that will not soften sufficiently, making it difficult to effectively utilize the resulting solid residue as feed, food, or fertilizer. This is not preferable because it makes it impossible to do so. In addition to the decayed matter from the culture medium, these minute suspended matter are proteins and precipitates solidified by enzymatic reactions and heating. This microfloat has nutritional value in itself, but also has the effect of making it more palatable when consumed. If the presence of this floating material is a concern, it can be separated by leaving the floating material to settle or by using a fine cloth.

The extract of Ganoderma mycelium obtained in this way can be taken as it is, or in some cases, excipients may be added to the extract to make it into a tablet, and it can also be freeze-dried. It may also be in granular form depending on the conditions.

The Ganoderma mycelium obtained by the present invention contains the medicinal and nutritional components of Ganoderma at a higher concentration than the liquid obtained by decoction of the Ganoderma fruiting body or the powder obtained by crushing the Ganoderma fruiting body. , has the excellent medicinal properties that were previously thought to be possessed by Reishi mushrooms. The Ganoderma mycelium extract thus obtained contains high concentrations of major components such as sugars, ergosterine, mannitol, adenine, uracil, glycine betaine, stearic acid, polynucleosides, polyamino acids, and interferon derivatives. It is contained in.

Effects of the Invention In the present invention, Ganoderma mycelium is propagated in a Bacchus medium, and water is added to this to extract the active ingredient from the Ganoderma mycelium, so the following effects are achieved.

(a) Compared to extracting active ingredients from Reishi fruiting bodies, the active ingredients can be extracted at extremely high concentrations.

(b) Efficient pH extraction of medicinal or nutritionally valuable components from Bakasu medium containing Reishi fruiting bodies.
It can be extracted without any adjustment.

(c) The Bacchus medium left after the active ingredients have been extracted is sufficiently finely and softened by enzymes and grinding and grinding, so that it can be used as fertilizer,
It can be used as feed or food.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.

Example 1 A solid medium consisting of 90 parts by weight of Bakasu and 10 parts by weight of rice bran was appropriately impregnated with pure water, and then inoculated with Ganoderma lucidum and left in a culture chamber with controlled temperature and humidity to allow mycelium to grow. I forced it. Immediately before the mycelium spread on the solid medium and fruiting bodies appeared, the fiber material of the Bacas base material was unbundled so that the amount passing through 12 meshes was 24% by weight or less. To 1.0 kg of this unbundled medium,
3.5 ml of pure water was added while maintaining the temperature at 40°C to prepare a mixture containing Bacas.

Next, while the culture medium-containing mixture was circulated by a gear pump with variable speed, the solid medium was subjected to crushing and crushing action in the gear part for about 200 minutes, so that about 80% by weight of the Bacas fibers passed through 12 meshes. Grinding and grinding of the Bakasu-containing mixture was carried out while gradually increasing the temperature of the mixture.

When the water temperature reached approximately 70°C, the crushing and crushing of the Bakasu fibers was stopped, and the pump was rotated in reverse to inject air bubbles into the suspension. The air bubbles were rapidly heated to cause a destruction phenomenon, and the Bakasu fibers were sufficiently stirred in the suspension.

The Bacas-containing mixture is then further heated to 90°C.
It was left for 30 minutes. The enzymes were inactivated and sterilized by heating to 90°C. The obtained medium-containing mixture was filtered using a 60-mesh cloth to obtain a health drink containing microfloated particles. On the other hand, a sufficiently finely ground solid residue was obtained, which, after being dried, was provided as feed for livestock such as cattle.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A non-bitter Ganoderma mycelium extract extracted from a Bacas base medium containing Ganoderma mycelium. 2 Reishi fungus is inoculated into a solid medium based on Bakasu to propagate Reishi mycelium. After unraveling the obtained mycelium-containing solid medium, water is added and then incubated at 95°C.
The active ingredients are extracted by pulverizing and crushing the Bacas fiber while heating it to a temperature of Characteristic method for producing Ganoderma mycelium extract.