JPH04324895A - Automatic musical performance device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide automatic musical performance consisting of various pronunciation with a small memory capacity. CONSTITUTION:In carrying out automatic rhythm performance over plural measures by memorizing one measure of a rhythm pattern consisting of normal sound (white circle) and random sound (black circle) and reading out the rhythm pattern, normal sound (white circle) is pronounced without fail. On the other hand, random sound (black circle) is pronounced with probability corresponding to probability data memorized separately. It is thus possible to constitute various pronunciation by making the random sound (black circle) pronounced and not pronounced even if one measure of the rhythm pattern is performed automatically repeatedly.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic performance device for automatically playing rhythm parts, chord parts, and the like.

0002

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in automatic performance devices that automatically play rhythm parts, automatic performance patterns corresponding to rhythm types such as jazz, rock, and waltz are stored for one measure in a storage medium such as a ROM. The automatic performance pattern is composed of rhythm tone types, which are the tones of musical instruments such as hi-hat, tom, snare, bass drum, etc. that make up the rhythm, and their sound generation timings. Then, when you select one of the rhythm types and start automatic performance,
The automatic performance patterns are sequentially read out, and each rhythm instrument sound is emitted at the sound generation timing. Further, when the automatic performance for one measure is completed, the automatic performance pattern is read out again, and thereby the rhythm pattern corresponding to the rhythm type is repeatedly automatically performed for each measure. Therefore, by manually playing melodies and chords while automatically playing this rhythm pattern, it becomes possible to play music containing rhythm sounds.

0003

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] However, in such a conventional automatic performance device, it is difficult to
Because the rhythm pattern for each measure is automatically played repeatedly, the structure of the automatically played rhythm becomes monotonous, and as a result, when a song is played with automatically played rhythm sounds, the rhythm structure of the entire song becomes It also becomes monotonous. Of course, if you memorize a large number of measures of automatic performance patterns in which the rhythmic tone pronunciation structure differs for each measure, and read out these automatic performance patterns one after another to execute automatic performance, you can create a wide variety of rhythms. It becomes possible to play a song consisting of a composition. However, in order to memorize automatic performance patterns that span multiple measures in accordance with rhythm types such as jazz, rock, and waltz, it is necessary to
The storage medium requires a huge storage capacity, resulting in a cost disadvantage.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic performance device that enables automatic performance with a variable sound structure with a small storage capacity.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides automatic performance pattern storage means that stores automatic performance patterns consisting of normal sound data and random sound data, and automatic performance pattern storage means that stores automatic performance patterns consisting of normal sound data and random sound data. probability data storage means storing probability data for determining pronunciation probabilities based on the automatic performance pattern storage means; reading means for sequentially reading out the automatic performance patterns from the automatic performance pattern storage means; a pronunciation instructing means for instructing pronunciation based on the normal sound data, and instructing pronunciation at a probability according to the probability data based on the random sound data; and a musical sound according to the pronunciation instruction from the pronunciation instructing means. and a musical tone generating means for generating a musical tone.

Preferably, a setting means for variably setting the value of the probability data is provided, or the setting means is configured to variably set the value of the probability data for each measure of automatic performance. There is.

[0007]

[Operation] In the above structure, when the automatic performance patterns are sequentially read out from the automatic performance pattern storage means, the sound generation is instructed based on the normal sound data constituting the automatic performance pattern, and the sound generation is instructed based on the random sound data. Pronunciation is instructed with probability according to the probability data. Therefore, in the case of normal sound data, pronunciation is always made, whereas in the case of random sound data,
Depending on the probability data, there are cases in which the sound is produced and cases in which it is not produced. Therefore, even if, for example, an automatic performance pattern consisting of only one measure is stored in the automatic performance performance pattern storage means, and automatic performance is performed repeatedly over a plurality of measures using this automatic performance pattern,
Depending on whether or not a sound is generated based on the random sound data, the sound structure of the automatic performance changes depending on the probability data.

Further, if the value of the probability data is variably set by the setting means, the presence or absence of pronunciation based on the random sound data is changed, and the pronunciation pattern is also changed.
By changing the value of the probability data for each bar of automatic performance, the sound pattern of automatic performance changes for each bar.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. That is, FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of an electronic keyboard instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The PU 1 executes all processes necessary for this electronic keyboard instrument based on the data and programs stored in the data ROM 2 and the data temporarily stored in the working RAM 3. Further, the CPU 1 is given operation information from a switch section 4, and the switch section 4 is provided with a rhythm start switch 6 and a rhythm stop switch 7 arranged on the instrument body 5 as shown in FIG. ,
A rhythm type selection switch (not shown) is operated to select a rhythm type such as jazz, rock, waltz, etc., as well as a keyboard and other various switches necessary for this electronic keyboard instrument. Further, the musical tone signal generating section 8
A musical tone signal is generated in accordance with the pronunciation instruction given by U1, and the musical tone signal is given to a sound system 10 consisting of an amplifier and a speaker via a D/A converter 9, and is emitted from the sound system 10 to the outside. .

The data ROM 2 stores one measure of rhythm pattern data for each rhythm type corresponding to the rhythm type selection switch, and the rhythm pattern data is stored in the format shown in FIG. has been done. That is, the rhythm pattern data shown in FIG. 3 corresponds to the rhythm pattern for one measure shown in FIG. 4, and in this FIG. Each beat is shown, and in each beat, a circle indicates pronunciation using a normal sound, a ● mark indicates pronunciation using a random sound, and a blank mark indicates no pronunciation. therefore,
In the rhythm pattern shown, the hi-hat is 1 from the 1st beat.
The normal tone is played on every beat up to the 6th beat, the tom is played with a random sound on the 11th and 15th beats, and the snare is played with a normal sound on the 5th and 13th beats. The bass drum has a sound generation configuration in which the 1st, 7th, 9th, and 15th beats are sounded as normal sounds, and the 8th and 12th beats are produced as random sounds.

[0011]The data shown in FIG.
The rhythm pattern shown in is treated as 8-bit data for each beat, and the addresses PA(1) to PA( corresponding to beats 1 to 16 are
16). In this 8-bit data, sound generation data for rhythm tone types such as "bass drum,""snare,""tom," and "hi-hat" are sequentially stored with two bits each from the LSB side to the MSB side. In this 2-bit pronunciation data, the normal sound is stored as "01" with "1" set in the "No" column, and the random sound is stored as "01" with "1" set in the "A" column. "10" is stored, and "00" is stored when the sound is not generated.

[0012] Therefore, the rhythm pattern (FIG. 4)
In , the hi-hat and bass drum are normal sounds on the first beat, and other rhythm sounds are not sounded, so the rhythm pattern data of address PA (1) corresponding to the first beat is "01000001". Yes, and on the 15th beat, the hi-hat and bass drum are normal sounds,
Since the tom is a random sound and the snare is not sounded, the rhythm pattern data of the address PA (15) corresponding to the 15th beat is "01100001".

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, the data ROM 2 stores probability data for determining the probability of producing the random sound, and the probability data is stored at address OA(
1) to (8) are stored with any numerical value from 2 to 9.

On the other hand, the following registers schematically shown in FIG. 6 are provided in a part of the working RAM 3.

TM: Timer register that counts up by 1 for each 64th note length; GS: In automatic rhythm performance where one cycle is 8 bars, stores the value of the current bar number, which is the current number of bars in the cycle. MS: A register that stores the MAX number of measures, which is the maximum number of measures in one cycle of automatic rhythm performance,
In this embodiment, since one cycle consists of eight bars as described above, "8" is stored as the maximum number of bars.

GH: A register that counts the current number of beats in one measure, with the length of a 16th note as one beat; SH: Stores the number of beats in one measure, with the length of a sixteenth note as one beat. register (in this embodiment, "8" is stored), SO: register that stores probability data (measure weight), which is a value indicating the pronunciation probability of the random sound for each measure, GP: current point A register that stores the current rhythm pattern, which is a rhythm pattern for one beat, that is, 8-bit data for one address in Figure 3, RK: Bass drum = 0, snare = 2, tom = 4, hi-hat = 6. This register stores a value indicating the rhythm tone type.

Next, the operation of the present embodiment having the above configuration will be explained with reference to a flowchart schematically showing the contents of the program executed by the CPU 1 shown in FIG. 7 and below. Note that in the following explanation, when an address is displayed enclosed in {}, it means the data written at that address. FIG. 7 shows the general flow of this embodiment, which is started by turning on the power provided in the main body 5 of the musical instrument. That is, first, after an initialization process (step A1) is executed, it is determined whether or not the rhythm start switch 6 has been turned on (step A2). If this determination is NO, other processing may be performed, such as sound generation processing in response to manual play on the keyboard provided on the instrument body 5, or sound generation processing in response to the performance of a demo song that automatically plays the entire song.
Processing corresponding to functions other than automatic rhythm performance is executed. Then, when the rhythm start switch 6 is turned on after operating the rhythm type selection switch such as jazz, rock, waltz, etc. provided on the instrument body 5 and selecting one of the rhythm types, the determination in step A2 is performed. Yes
After the automatic rhythm performance processing is executed (step A4), the determination processing of steps A2 to A4 is repeated.

The automatic rhythm performance process in step A4 is executed according to a series of flowcharts shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, and initial values are first set in each of the registers described above (step B1). In this initial value setting, the count value "0" is set in the register TM, and the register GS
The number of measures is currently set to “1”, and the register MS is set to 8.
The maximum number of measures for the rhythm pattern consisting of measures.
8" is set, and the current beat count "0" is set in the register GH. Also, the register SH is set with "16", which is the maximum number of beats in one measure, with the length of a sixteenth note being one beat.
is set, probability data {OA(1)} stored in the storage area indicated by address OA(1) in the format shown in FIG. 5 is stored in register SO, and register GP is reset to 0. At the same time, the initial value "0" is set in the register RK.

Next, it is determined whether or not the rhythm stop switch 7 has been turned on (step B2), and when the rhythm stop switch 7 is turned on and the determination becomes YES, the automatic rhythm performance process is started. will be stopped. Further, unless the determination in step B2 is NO and the rhythm stop switch 7 is not turned on, step B2
The process then proceeds to step B3, and it is determined whether the value of the timer register TM has become "4" (step B3). If this determination is NO, the timer register T
The loop of steps B2 and B3 is repeated until the value of M becomes "4".

That is, the automatic rhythm performance processing flow shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is interrupted by the timer interrupt routine shown in FIG. 10 every 64th note length, and the timer interrupt routine The value of the register TM is counted up by 1 (step C1). Therefore, in the automatic rhythm performance process, if the value of the timer register TM becomes "4", it means that a long 16th note period has elapsed, and step B
The determination in step 3 is YES. Therefore, each time the 16th note duration elapses, the process advances from step B3 to step B4,
The determination processing from step B4 onwards is executed every 16th note duration.

In step B4, after the value of the timer register TM is reset to 0, the 16th note length corresponding to one beat has elapsed, so the value of the register GH indicating the current number of beats in one measure is counted. (step B5), and subsequently, the value of this incremented register GH becomes the value of the register SH indicating the number of beats in a measure (16
) is larger than (step B6). If the determination in step B6 is NO, the value of GH is 16.
If it is below, the automatic rhythm performance for one measure consisting of 16 beats has not been completed, and the above judgment is YES.
If it is S and the value of GH is 16 or more, the automatic rhythm performance for one measure consisting of 16 beats has been completed. Therefore, the determination in step B6 is YES,
When the rhythm performance for one measure is completed, the value of the register GH indicating the current number of beats in one measure is set to the initial value "1" (step B7), and then the value of the register GH indicating the current number of measures is set to "1" (step B7). The value of GS is counted up (step B8).

Next, register GS indicating the current measure number
The value of is the value of register MS where the MAX number of measures is stored (
8) It is determined whether it is greater than (step B9)
. If the determination in step B9 is NO and the value of GS is "8" or less, one cycle of automatic rhythm performance has not been completed in this embodiment where one cycle is 8 bars as described above. state, and the above determination is YES.
If the value of GS is greater than "8", it means that one cycle of rhythm performance consisting of eight bars has been completed. Then, the determination in step B9 is YES, and 1
When the rhythm performance of the cycle is completed, the value of the register GS indicating the current bar number is set to the initial value "1" (step B10), and the process is performed in step B9 or step B.
In step B11 following 10, probability data corresponding to address OA (GS) is read from the storage area shown in FIG. 5 and stored in register SO.

Furthermore, step B6 or step B1
In step B12 following 1, 8-bit data indicated by address PA (GH) is read from the storage area shown in FIG. 3 and stored in register GP. In other words, for example, if the value of the register GH is "1", the data at address PA(1) from the storage area in FIG. 3 is "1".
01000001'' is read out and stored in register GP. Next, it is determined whether the value of register RK has become "8" or not, and if this determination is YES, the value of register RK is reset to 0, and then the determination process from step B2 is repeated. .

On the other hand, the determination in step B13 is NO.
If the value of register RK has not reached "8", then in the 8-bit data stored in the register GP, the RK+1st bit and the RKth bit are "0, 1" and "1". , 0" and "0, 0" (step B14). That is, the initial value of RK is "0" and is set to 2 in step B18, which will be described later.
Since it is counted up in increments, in the 8-bit data stored in register GP, RK+1st bit and R
The K-th bit is 2-bit data for each rhythm sound type of bass drum, snare, tom, and hi-hat, and
The RK+1st bit corresponds to a random sound, and the RK bit corresponds to a normal sound. Therefore, if this 2-bit data is "0, 1", it is a normal sound,
If it is “1,0”, it is a random sound, and “0,0
”, it is a through without pronouncing it.

[0025] Then, the determination result in step B14 is "0".
, 1" and is a normal sound, the rhythm sound indicated by RK is instructed to be produced (step B17). Here, the rhythm sound indicated by RK means "0" is the bass sound as described above. A drum, "2" is a snare, "4" is a tom, and "6" is a hi-hat. A musical sound signal of any of these rhythm sounds is generated by the musical sound signal generating section 8 and emitted from the sound system 10. Further, if the determination result in step B14 is "1, 0" and it is a random sound,
Proceeding from step B14 to step B15, random numbers 1 to 1
0 is generated and subsequently the register SO
It is determined whether the value of is greater than or equal to the generated random number (step B16). Then, if this determination is YES and the value of the register SO is greater than or equal to the random value, the generation of the rhythm sound indicated by RK is instructed in the same way as described above (step B17); In this case, the process proceeds to step B18 without being instructed to produce rhythm sounds. That is, at any random value from 1 to 10,
If the value of the probability data is 2, the probability that "2≧random number" will be 20%. On the other hand, if the value of the probability data is 9, the probability that "9≧random number" will be 20%. 9
It is 0%. Therefore, random sounds are emitted at a percentage that depends on the value of the probability data.

Then, in step B18, the value of the register RK is counted up by 2, and the processes from step B13 to step B18 are repeated until RK=8. That is, since RK has an initial value of "0" as described above and increases by 2, RK
= 8 and the determination in step B13 becomes YES, the determination processing in steps B13 to B18 is repeated four times, thereby completing the rhythm performance for one beat consisting of four rhythm note types. do. When the rhythm performance for one beat is completed, the RK value is reset to 0 (step B19), and unless the rhythm stop switch 7 is turned on, the determination processing from step B2 to step B19 is It is repeated every time the time passes.

At this time, by the time the determination in step B9 becomes YES and the rhythm performance of one cycle of 8 bars, which is the MAX number of bars, is completed, the addresses OA(1) to OA(8) in the format shown in FIG. The probability data 2, 4, . . . 4, 9 respectively stored in are read out for each bar (step B11) and automatic rhythm performance is performed, and the random notes are set as percentages depending on the probability data as described above. It is pronounced in Therefore, in one cycle of automatic rhythm performance consisting of 8 measures, random sounds are produced with a probability of 20, 40, ... 40, 90%, as shown in Figure 11, and depending on whether or not these random sounds are produced, Automatic rhythm performance with different rhythm patterns for each measure can be obtained without becoming monotonous. Therefore, by performing manual performance along with this automatic rhythm performance, it is possible to play songs with a wide variety of rhythm structures, and moreover, it is possible to play songs with a wide variety of rhythm structures. Since it is only necessary to store the rhythm pattern of the section and the probability data of each measure in the data ROM 2, the data ROM 2 does not require a huge storage capacity.

In the above embodiment, the probability data for each bar is stored in the data ROM 2 in advance, but if the instrument main body 5 is provided with, for example, a numeric keypad,
A structure may be adopted in which the musical instrument user can change the value of the probability data for each measure of automatic performance by operating the numeric keypad. According to this structure, by operating the numeric keypad and setting desired probability data prior to executing automatic rhythm performance, it is possible to arbitrarily change the pronunciation probability of random sounds and generate different rhythm patterns. . In addition, if the structure is such that the probability data can be set and changed for each measure, when manually playing the melody of a song accompanied by an automatically played rhythm, the rhythm pattern can be changed according to the structure of the song. It is also possible to change the rhythm, and it is also possible to obtain an automatic rhythm performance that matches the song.

Further, in the above embodiment, only the case where the rhythm pattern is automatically played is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to other automatic performance patterns such as chord patterns, verse patterns, arpeggio patterns, etc. If it is possible, and these automatic performance patterns are made up of normal sounds and random sounds as in the above embodiment, the constituent sounds of each pattern will sometimes be sounded and sometimes not. It is possible to avoid the inconvenience that automatic performance of parts becomes monotonous.

[0030]

Effects of the Invention As explained above, according to the present invention, an automatic performance pattern is composed of normal sound data and random sound data, and the random sound data is generated with a probability according to pre-stored probability data. I made it. Therefore, even if an automatic performance pattern consisting of only one measure is stored and this automatic performance pattern is repeated over multiple measures to be performed automatically, the automatic performance will be affected by the presence or absence of pronunciation based on the random sound data. The sound structure of the performance can be varied, thereby eliminating the monotony of automatic performance and making it possible to obtain automatic performance with a rich variety.

Moreover, it is not necessary to store an automatic performance pattern covering a plurality of measures, and it is only necessary to store, for example, an automatic performance pattern and probability data for one measure. It becomes possible to perform automatic rhythm performance with a wide variety at low cost without requiring a huge storage capacity of the medium.

Furthermore, since the value of the probability data can be set variably, it is possible to arbitrarily change the pronunciation probability of random sounds to perform a wide variety of automatic performances. Since the settings can be changed, when playing a song manually with an automatically played rhythm, it is also possible to change the rhythm pattern according to the composition of the song, which allows you to change the rhythm pattern to match the song. It also becomes possible to obtain automatic rhythm performance.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a part of the switch section of the same embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing automatic performance pattern data stored in the data ROM of the same embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram visually showing the automatic performance pattern of the same embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing probability data stored in the data ROM of the same embodiment.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing registers used in the same embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the contents of the general flow of the embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the contents of automatic rhythm performance processing in the same embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart following FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the contents of a timer rap routine in the same embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a graph showing the probability that random sounds are produced in the same example.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 CPU 2 Data ROM 3 Working RAM 6 Rhythm start switch 7 Rhythm stop switch 8 Musical tone signal generation section 10 Sound system

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. Automatic performance pattern storage means that stores automatic performance patterns consisting of normal sound data and random sound data; and probability data storage means that stores probability data that determines probabilities of pronunciation based on the random sound data. , reading means for sequentially reading out the automatic performance patterns from the automatic performance pattern storage means, and instructing to produce sounds based on the normal sound data constituting the automatic performance pattern read by the reading means; An automatic performance characterized by comprising: a sound generation instruction means for instructing pronunciation with a probability according to the probability data based on data; and a musical sound generation means for generating a musical tone according to the pronunciation instruction from the pronunciation instruction means. Device. 2. The automatic performance device according to claim 1, further comprising setting means for variably setting the value of the probability data. 3. The automatic performance apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the setting means is configured to variably set the value of the probability data for each measure of automatic performance.