JPH04274299A - Automatic musical performance device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To secure a climax of musical performance by filling an interval of key operation with the automatic musical performance of a specified phrase at time of playing such an ad lib performance as calling a short phrase's playing pattern corresponding to the key operation. CONSTITUTION:In an automatic musical performance device which is equipped with a note data storage means 35 stored with a note data line of automatic musical performance, and a musical tone generating means 37 generating a musical tone on the basis of the note data line read out of the note data storage means 35, there is provided a playing pattern storage means 33 which stored a playing pattern of plural short phrases different with each other, selecting the playing pattern of the short phrases allotted to a key in response to key operation, and simultaneously either of the musical performance patterns is selected when there is no key operation and, on the basis of the selected playing pattern, a corresponding note data line is read out of the note storage means 36, outputting it to the note generating means 37.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Field of Application] The present invention can improve the excitement level of a performance (
The present invention relates to an automatic performance device for an electronic musical instrument that can perform automatic performance according to the intonation.

0002

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, electronic keyboards (such as electronic pianos) have automatic accompaniment functions such as automatic rhythm accompaniment, chord and bass accompaniment, and the like. There is also a function that assigns different phrases of about one measure to each of multiple keys, and selectively calls out these phrases by pressing the keys with one finger to create improvisational performance effects by combining a series of phrases (so-called Electronic musical instruments equipped with one-finger improvisational play are also known.

0003

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] In an electronic musical instrument that has all the functions of rhythm accompaniment, chord accompaniment, and improvised phrase performance as described above, it is necessary to ensure that no loss of pronunciation occurs even when all functions are activated. , the minimum number of tracks required (
(number of pronunciation channels). However, not all trucks are normally used. In view of this, it is an object of the present invention to make it possible to obtain a lively and lively performance by effectively utilizing tracks that are inactive.

0004

[Means for Solving the Problems] The automatic performance device of the present invention includes a note data storage means that stores a note data string for automatic performance, and a musical tone based on the note data string read from the note data storage means. a musical tone generating means; a performance pattern storage means storing a plurality of short phrase performance patterns that are different from each other; and musical tone control means for selecting one of the performance patterns when there is no musical note data, and reading out a corresponding musical note data string from the musical note data storage means based on the selected musical pattern and outputting it to the musical sound generating means. .

[0005]

[Function] During improvisational performance in which the short phrase performance pattern is called in response to key operations, the intervals between key operations are filled with automatic performance of predetermined phrases, so that the performance becomes more exciting. There is no need to add a dedicated track for this automatic performance.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a block diagram of essential parts of an electronic musical instrument showing an embodiment of the present invention. This electronic musical instrument includes a keyboard 11, an operation panel 12, and a display device 13. Also, next to the keyboard 11 is a dial 1 for indicating the excitement level of the performance.
0 is set.

The circuit section of the electronic musical instrument is composed of a microcomputer consisting of a CPU 21, a ROM 20, and a RAM 19 connected by a bus 18. The CPU 21 detects operation information of the keyboard 11 from a key switch circuit 15 coupled to the keyboard 11, and detects operation information of the panel switch from a panel switch circuit 16 coupled to the operation panel 12. A pulse generator 14 is coupled to the dial 10, and the CPU 21 counts pulses generated by the pulse generator 14 in response to dial operations to obtain excitement degree information (intonation value).

The rhythm, the type of musical instrument, the intonation value corresponding to the dial operation, etc. selected by the operation panel 12 are displayed based on display data provided from the CPU 21 to the display device 13 via the display drive circuit 17.

[0009] The CPU 21 sends to the musical sound generation circuit 22 parameter information such as musical note information corresponding to keyboard operations and rhythm and timbre corresponding to panel switch operations. The musical sound generation circuit 22 reads out the PCM sound source data from the ROM 20 based on this information, processes its amplitude and envelope, and outputs the processed data to the D/A converter 23. A musical tone signal obtained from the D/A converter 23 is given to a speaker 25 via an amplifier 24.

Automatic accompaniment data is written in the ROM 20. The CPU 21 reads automatic accompaniment data corresponding to the operation of the automatic accompaniment selection button on the operation panel 12 from the ROM 20 and supplies it to the tone generation circuit 22. The musical sound generation circuit 22 reads waveform data of chords, bass, drums, etc. corresponding to the automatic accompaniment data from the ROM 20, and outputs the data from the ROM 20.
The signal is output to the A converter 23. Therefore, chord tones, bass tones, and drum tones of automatic accompaniment can be obtained from the speaker 25 along with pronunciations corresponding to key operations.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the essential features of the present invention. The intonation operation section 31 corresponds to the dial 10 and pulse generator 14 in FIG. The rhythm selection section 30 is composed of a numeric keypad switch 12a provided on the operation panel 12. Further, the operation panel 12 is provided with a selection button 12b for selecting a mode such as rhythm accompaniment, automatic chord accompaniment, or improvised phrase performance.

When the dial 10 is operated in accordance with the climax of the performance, output pulses from the pulse generator 14 are applied to the tone control section 32. Further, the rhythm number selected by the rhythm selection section 30 is given to the musical tone control section 32. Operation information for the keyboard 11 is transmitted from the key switch circuit 15 to the tone control section 32.
given to.

The intonation pattern memory 34 connected to the musical tone control section 32 is provided in the ROM 20, and as shown in FIG. )
intonation pattern table 42. Therefore, intonation pattern data 34a of a predetermined level corresponding to the selected rhythm and the given intonation value is read out from the memory 34 and given to the musical tone control section 32. For example, if the selected rhythm number is 1 and the intonation value is 2, the intonation pattern data 34a of the corresponding level 2 is read out.

A phrase data memory 33 connected to the tone control section 32 is provided in the ROM 20, and as shown in FIG. 3, stores 17 types of phrases assigned to 17 keys (0 to 16) for each rhythm. It has a phrase data table 43 consisting of data. Each phrase data is composed of performance pattern data for reading note data of about one measure from the performance data memory. In ad-lib phrase performance, phrases are assigned to specific 17 keys corresponding to the selected rhythm. When one key is pressed, corresponding phrase data is read from the phrase data memory 33, and based on this data, note data constituting a four-beat phrase is read from the automatic performance data memory 36 and reproduced. Since the phrases corresponding to the 17 keys are all different, improvisational performances can be easily performed by operating the keys every four beats, for example.

Counter melody data is stored as the 17th data in each rhythm in the phrase data memory 33. This counter melody is automatically played back through a phrase playback track (channel) under predetermined conditions as a track that opposes the melody line. Note that the data for this counter melody is shown in 1 above.
For example, phrase data of number 0 assigned to key 7 may be used.

The musical tone control unit 35 reads automatic performance data from the automatic performance data memory 36 based on the performance pattern data and phrase data of the intonation pattern data, and modifies the automatic performance data with data specifying the volume, tone, musical instrument, etc. and output to the musical tone generating section 37. The automatic performance data memory 36 is provided in the ROM 20, and includes a table 44 storing note data strings for automatic accompaniment such as chords, bass, drums, etc. for each rhythm, as shown in FIG. Each note data consists of data such as key (pitch) number, pronunciation timing, pronunciation time width, and volume. As shown in FIG. 3, the ROM 20 includes a table 41 storing intonation preset values for each rhythm.

The musical tone generator 37 generates a corresponding PC from the waveform ROM 36 based on the musical note data from the musical tone controller 35.
The M sound source waveform is read out to form a musical tone signal. This provides an automatic accompaniment sound. By operating the dial, you can freely change the intonation level of the accompaniment sound.

FIG. 4 is a data configuration diagram showing details of intonation pattern data. 1 level intonation pattern data includes chord, bass, drum 1
It consists of 5 tracks (channels) of data consisting of 3 to 3 tracks. Each track consists of a volume difference value VELO, timbre/instrument specification data, and performance pattern data. Therefore, these data can be changed or specified for each track.

The 1-byte volume difference value VELO is a value to be added to the volume value of each note in the automatic performance data. Using this difference value, it is possible to give an accent (volume level) to each musical tone of each track. For example, intonation pattern data 42a of levels 1 and 2 in FIG.
The volume difference value in each track of 42b is 0.

The 2-byte timbre/instrument data is timbre/instrument change instruction information. For chord and bass tracks, give a 1-byte timbre parameter and another 1-byte timbre parameter.
Bytes are not used (NC). In the example of FIG. 4, at intonation levels 1 and 2, the chord and bass tone parameters are 01H and 40H.

For each track of drums 1 to 3, 2
Byte's instrument conversion information is given. Generally, musical scale data (key data) is assigned to musical note information on a drum track as musical instrument information. For example, C is assigned to the bass drum, D to the snare, and E to the hi-hat. Figure 4
At intonation level 2, 26H and 28H are recorded on the drum 1 track. This indicates that 26H (closed hi-hat) in the note data is converted to 28H (open hi-hat). Therefore,
Even if the same note data is used, drum sounds of different instruments can be generated depending on the intonation level.

Different musical instruments can be assigned to each of the three drum channels. And since you can change the instrument for each track, you have a lot of freedom in changing intonation patterns depending on the level. Furthermore, since each drum track can access common note data, even if the number of drum channels is increased, the amount of note data will not increase significantly.

The performance pattern section of the intonation pattern data consists of four measures of note instruction information. This note instruction information is actually address data indicating a specific position of note data. One measure consists of four beats; for example, 1.0 and 1.2 indicate the first and third beats of one measure, respectively. For example, in a chord track with intonation level 1, the playback of notes of four beats in the first bar starts from address 0000H of the note data, and the playback of notes starts from address 0001H in the second measure. A repeat symbol REP is recorded at the end of the fourth measure, and when the reproduction progresses to this symbol, the playback returns to the beginning address.

By changing the note instruction information in the performance pattern section, the performance pattern can be easily changed. For example, at intonation level 1, the bass track instruction information is given as 0100H and 0101H, but at level 2, it is changed to 0102H and 0103H. Therefore, at level 2, the instrument of drum 1 changes, and the performance pattern of the bass line changes. By changing part of the performance pattern section in this way, the intonation level can be easily varied.

FIG. 5 shows a portion of note data 44 accessed via intonation pattern data or phrase data. One note of musical note data consists of 4 bytes: key number K, step time S, gate time G, and velocity V. The key number K indicates the scale, the step time S indicates the timing of pronunciation,
The gate time G indicates the duration of the sound, and the velocity V indicates the volume of the sound (key pressing pressure). In addition, although not shown, the note data includes timbre data, repetition symbols of note patterns, and the like.

The musical note data is sequentially read out from the automatic performance data memory 36 in 4-byte units starting from the address specified by the performance pattern section of the intonation pattern data or the phrase data. The musical tone control unit 35 in FIG. 2 performs address control based on the intonation pattern data, modifies the volume and key number of the read note data with the volume of the intonation pattern data and instruction data of the instrument, and also changes the tone color to produce musical sounds. It is sent to the generating section 37.

FIGS. 6 to 21 are flowcharts showing automatic performance control using pattern data or phrase data. First, initialization is performed in step 50 of FIG.
In step 51, scanning detection for the operation of the keyboard 11 is performed. If it is a key-on event, the process proceeds from step 52 to step 53 for on-event processing, and if it is a key-off event, the process proceeds from step 54 to step 55 for off-event processing. If it is not a key event, panel operation detection processing is performed in step 56, then intonation dial processing is performed in step 57, and musical tone reproduction processing is performed in step 58, and the process loops to step 51.

FIG. 7 shows the processing of key on and off events. In the case of an on-event, it is first checked in step 59 whether or not the phrase performance mode is in effect, and if not, a sound generation process is performed in step 60. If the phrase performance mode is selected, a phrase number (key number) is set in step 61. Then, in step 62, phrase performance is started, and in step 63, the counter melody flag is cleared.

In the off-event processing shown in FIG. 7, it is first checked in step 64 whether or not the phrase performance mode is in effect, and if not, a mute process is performed in step 65. If it is in the phrase performance mode, the phrase performance is stopped in step 66. Then, in the next steps 67, 68, and 69, it is checked that the rhythm action is in progress, the automatic accompaniment action is in progress, and the intonation value is 4 or more. If these conditions are met, a phrase number 17 is set in step 70, and a counter melody flag is set in step 71. In other words, if the performance sound of the improvised phrase disappears, 1
Automatic performance starts with phrase number 7 (counter melody). Note that when the intonation value is 4 or less, the excitement of the performance is not so high, so the counter melody is not played.

FIG. 8 shows panel processing. First, scan processing is performed in step 80, and in the case of an on event,
The process proceeds from step 81 to switch detection in steps 82, 84, and 86. When the automatic performance switch of the selection switch 12a of the scanning panel 12 is turned on, the automatic performance mode processing of step 83 is performed. When the rhythm start/stop switch is turned on, the rhythm mode processing of step 85 is performed. When the phrase performance switch is turned on, the phrase mode processing of step 87 is performed.

FIG. 9 shows processing in automatic performance mode. In this mode processing, first, in step 88, it is checked whether the auto (automatic performance) flag is on, and if it is off, the flag is set, and if it is on, it is cleared.

FIG. 10 shows the rhythm mode processing. In this mode processing, first in step 91 it is checked whether the rhythm flag is on, and if it is off, the rhythm start processing is performed in step 97 via steps 92 to 96. Steps 92 to 96 are processes for setting a counter melody flag when predetermined conditions are met. When the phrase performance flag is off, the auto (automatic accompaniment) flag is on, and the intonation value is 4 or more, the counter melody flag is set. Set the melody phrase number 17 and set the counter melody flag. Further, if the rhythm flag is on in step 91, rhythm stop processing is performed in step 98.

FIG. 11 shows phrase mode processing. In this mode processing, first, in step 99, it is checked whether the phrase flag is on, and if it is off, the phrase flag is set in step 100, and in steps 101 to 105, a counter melody flag is set when a predetermined condition is met. That is,
If the rhythm flag is on, the auto (automatic accompaniment) flag is on, and the intonation value is 4 or more, counter melody phrase number 17 is set and the counter melody flag is set. Further, if the phrase flag is on in step 99, processing to clear the phrase flag is performed in step 106.

FIG. 12 shows dial count processing. In this process, the intonation value is changed in response to the operation of the dial 10. First, in steps 110 and 111, whether the count value of the output pulses of the pulse generator 14 is 7 or more,
It is determined whether the intonation value is -7 or less, and if it is 7 or more, the intonation value is +1, and if it is -7 or less, it is -1 (step 11).
5, 112). Approximately 1/3 rotation of the dial 10 corresponds to a count value of 7, and when turned clockwise, the count value increases.
The count value decreases when turning counterclockwise.

When the intonation value is increased by 1, a counter melody flag is set in steps 116 to 119 when a predetermined condition is met. That is, if the rhythm flag is on, the auto (automatic accompaniment) flag is on, and the intonation value is 4 or more, counter melody phrase number 17 is set and the counter melody flag is set. When the intonation value is decreased by 1, it is checked in step 113 whether the intonation value is 4 or less, and if it is 4 or less, the counter melody flag is cleared in step 114.

FIG. 13 shows the rhythm start routine of step 97 in FIG. First, in step 120, it is checked whether the counter melody flag is on, and if it is on, the counter melody is started in step 121. Furthermore, in step 122 it is checked whether the intonation value is 3 or less, and if it is 3 or less, the counter melody is stopped in step 123. Next, in step 124, the start address of the intonation pattern data corresponding to the rhythm number is set, and in step 125, the start address of the intonation pattern data indicated by the current intonation value is set. Further step 12
At steps 6 to 130, addresses for reading intonation pattern data are set for the five tracks of chord, bass, and drums 1 to 3, and each data is read into the buffer. Then, in step 131, a rhythm-on flag is set.

FIG. 14 shows details of the code address set routine of FIG. Here, first step 140
Check the intonation value with , then step 1
At step 41, the volume difference data of the intonation pattern data is set as a velocity addition value. Next, in step 142, the tone color number is set, and in step 143, the start address of the performance pattern data is set. Next, in step 144, the note data of one note corresponding to the above-mentioned start address of the automatic performance data is read from the ROM 20, and in step 145, the first step time data is set in the buffer. Then, in step 146, the time axis counter value of the note data of the code is cleared, and the process returns. Steps 127 to 130 for other channels in FIG. 13 are performed in the same manner.

FIG. 15 shows processing at the start of improvised phrase performance or counter melody performance. First, in step 150, the buffer is cleared, and in step 151, it is checked whether there is a timbre change. If there is no change, the phrase number (key number or number assigned to the counter melody) is imported in step 152, and step 15
Step 3 sets the tone number, and step 154 sets the sound generation mode. Then, in step 155, processing is performed to change the sound source of the sound source circuit, and in step 156, the top address of the phrase data is set. After that, the ROM data is read in step 157, the first step time data is set in step 158, the counter melody (phrase performance) flag is set, and step 160
Clear the time axis counter of the counter melody (phrase performance).

Next, FIG. 16 shows a routine for automatic accompaniment note reproduction processing. In this routine, the counter melody on flag is checked in step 170, and if it is on, the phrase or counter melody is played back in step 171. If the counter melody on flag is off and the rhythm is on in the next step 172, the accompaniment sound is played back. That is, in step 170, it is checked whether the count value of the time axis counter matches the step time in the buffer, and if they do not match, the process returns to the main routine.

In step 172, when the count value of the time axis counter matches the step time, a read address is set (step 174), and the ROM 20
Reads 4 bytes of note data from. Next, it is checked whether the read note data is a repeat mark in step 170, and if it is a repeat mark, repeat processing is performed in step 177, and step 1
Return to before 73. If it is determined in step 176 that the note data is normal note data, step 17 in FIG.
Proceed to step 8 and set the sound production mode.

Next, in step 179, it is checked whether or not the mode is automatic accompaniment mode. If it is automatic accompaniment mode, the key number, velocity value, and gate time are respectively set in steps 180 and 181, and the corresponding response is performed in step 182. Performs pronunciation processing for the notes to be played. When the sound generation process is completed, the read address is advanced by 4 bytes in step 183.
At step 184, note data to be produced next is stored in ROM2.
Read from 0. Then, set the next step time in the buffer, and step 1 of the automatic performance routine in Figure 16.
Return to 73. Thereafter, this process is repeated to sequentially pronounce the notes of the automatic accompaniment.

In step 176 of FIG. 16, if a repeat mark at the end of the note data is detected, the process proceeds to step 177, and repeat processing shown in FIG. 18 is performed. In this routine, first, the counter melody flag (phrase playback) is checked in step 190, and if it is on, counter melody start processing is performed in step 191. Next, in step 192, the time axis code counter is cleared, and then in step 193, the intonation pattern data read address is incremented by one. The current automatic performance pattern data is the repeat mark R shown in Figure 4.
It is checked in step 194 whether it is EP (FFH),
If it is not a repeat mark REP, step 1 in Figure 14
Returning to step 43, the start address of the automatic performance pattern for the next second bar is set, and reading of note data is continued.

If the repeat mark REP (FFH) is detected in step 194 of FIG. 18, 16 is subtracted from the intonation pattern data read address in step 195, and the read position is returned to the 1st beat of the 1st measure. , continues reading out the note data from step 143 in FIG.

FIGS. 19 to 21 show phrase playback routines, and steps 200 to 212 are the same as steps 170 to 185 in FIGS. 16 and 17. The repeat process is performed by starting the counter melody at the beginning of a measure when the counter melody flag is turned on in steps 220 and 221.

[0045]

Effects of the Invention The automatic performance device of the present invention is provided with a performance pattern storage means that stores performance patterns of a plurality of mutually different short phrases, and performs the performance of the short phrase assigned to a key in response to the operation of the key. In addition to selecting a pattern, when there is no key operation, one of the performance patterns is selected, and based on the selected performance pattern, a corresponding note data string is read out to generate a musical tone. Therefore, when performing an improvised performance in which the performance pattern of the above-mentioned short phrase is called in response to a key operation, the interval between key operations can be filled with the automatic performance of the predetermined phrase.
This will add excitement to your performance. Since there is no need to add a dedicated track for this automatic performance, high functionality can be obtained without increasing costs.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument showing an embodiment of an automatic performance device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the essential features of the automatic performance device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of automatic performance data.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the structure of intonation pattern data.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the structure of note data read out based on automatic performance pattern data.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing control of automatic performance.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing control of automatic performance.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing control of automatic performance.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing control of automatic performance.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing control of automatic performance.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing control of automatic performance.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing control of automatic performance.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing control of automatic performance.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing control of automatic performance.

FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing control of automatic performance.

FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing control of automatic performance.

FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing control of automatic performance.

FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing control of automatic performance.

FIG. 19 is a flowchart showing control of automatic performance.

FIG. 20 is a flowchart showing control of automatic performance.

FIG. 21 is a flowchart showing control of automatic performance.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 Dial 11 Keyboard 12 Operation panel 13 Display device 14 Pulse generator 15 Key switch circuit 16 Panel switch circuit 17 Display drive circuit 18 Bus 19 RAM 20 ROM 21 CPU 22 Musical tone generation circuit 23 D/A converter 24 Amplifier 25 Speaker 30 Rhythm Selection section 31 Intonation operation section 32 Musical tone control section 33 Phrase data memory 34 Intonation pattern memory 36 Waveform ROM 37 Musical tone generation section

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A musical note data storage means that stores a musical note data string for automatic performance; a musical sound generating means that generates musical tones based on the musical note data string read from the musical note data storage means; A performance pattern storage means that stores a performance pattern of a phrase, and selects a performance pattern of the short phrase assigned to a key in response to a key operation, and selects one of the performance patterns when there is no key operation. 1. An automatic performance apparatus comprising: musical tone control means for selecting a musical note data string and reading out a corresponding musical note data string from the musical note data storage means based on the selected musical performance pattern and outputting the same to the musical tone generating means. 2. An intonation value variable means for increasing or decreasing an intonation value in accordance with the excitement level of the performance, the musical tone control means controlling one of the performance patterns when the intonation value exceeds a predetermined value and there is no key operation. 2. The automatic performance device according to claim 1, wherein the automatic performance device selects the following. 3. The musical tone control means comprises intonation pattern storage means storing intonation patterns of a plurality of levels corresponding to the excitement level of the performance, and the musical tone control means comprises:
Based on intonation pattern data corresponding to intonation values, the note data string read from the note data storage means is controlled and output to the musical sound generation means, and the intonation pattern data at different levels are A claim characterized in that the claim includes any one or more of instruction information specifying a different reading position of the musical note data storage means, different volume information, different tone color information, and different musical instrument information given to the read musical note data. Item 1 Automatic performance device. 4. The automatic performance device according to claim 1, wherein said plurality of mutually different short phrase performance patterns are stored for each type of rhythm. 5. An operation means for turning on/off an ad lib mode for selecting one of the performance patterns of the short phrase in response to an operation of the key, wherein when the ad lib mode is turned off, the intonation value is set to a predetermined value. 3. The automatic performance device according to claim 2, wherein one of the performance patterns is selected when the number of performance patterns exceeds . 6. The automatic performance device according to claim 2, wherein said intonation value variable means is dial-shaped. 7. The automatic performance apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the intonation pattern data is stored for each type of rhythm. 8. The automatic performance device according to claim 1, further comprising preset value storage means for storing preset intonation values for each rhythm. 9. The automatic performance device according to claim 1, wherein said performance pattern selected when said key is not operated is assigned to a key. 10. The automatic performance device according to claim 1, wherein the performance pattern selected when the key is not operated is not assigned to a key.