JPH04309809A - Inside tunnel measuring method in tunnel excavation work - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform measurement automatically with high precision inside a complicatedly crooked tunnel. CONSTITUTION:Two rails 4A, 4B are laid inside a tunnel 3, a pair of measuring apparatuses 1A, 1B are supported on respective rails through salf running type running stands 2, 2. After the position of either one of the two measuring apparatus is measured on the basis of a reference point, measurement on the other side is advanced, the other position is measured by using the previously measured position of the measuring apparatus as the reference. The position of each measuring apparatus is measured by making both measuring apparatuses to advance alternately in the same manner, and after reaching to a position possible for visual reference of a tunnel excavator, the position and orientation of the tunnel excavator are measured based upon the position of either one of measuring apparatuses reaching to its destination.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates primarily to a method for underground surveying in shield tunnel excavation work.

0002

[Prior Art] In general, underground surveys associated with tunnel excavation work using the shield method are conducted to determine the position of the shield machine (
Plane and level) and attitude surveys are carried out, and for this purpose, surveys are carried out to sequentially relocate survey points as shield excavation is carried out, and to confirm that there are no deviations in the survey points in order to improve survey accuracy. Check surveying etc. will be required.

Conventionally, in these surveys, a surveyor enters a tunnel, measures the position of a measuring device based on a known reference point at the end of the tunnel, and then uses that measurement position as a starting point to measure further inward. were sequentially measured, and the position and attitude of the shield excavator at each point in the middle of the tunnel and at the final end were measured.

Furthermore, in recent years, a method has been developed in which a measuring device is fixed to the ceiling of a tunnel at each measuring point, and the position and attitude of a shield tunneling machine can be measured unmanned. (Unexamined Japanese Patent Publication No. 171611/1999).

[0005]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Currently, optical surveying equipment that can automatically measure can be used for the conventional measurements by surveyors as described above, but even in that case, the surveyor has to replace the surveying equipment. However, there were problems such as errors occurring during the rearrangement work, and the errors being accumulated.

[0006] Furthermore, with regard to the relocation of measuring points and check surveys, there is no equipment that can perform automatic surveying, and as the distance of tunnel excavation increases, the cumulative error in surveying increases, and the time required for surveyors to work becomes longer. There was a problem.

On the other hand, in the case of the conventional method in which a measuring device is fixedly installed at each survey point, the problems of the above-mentioned surveying method by workers are greatly improved, but the tunnel is long and complicatedly winding. In the case of a tunnel excavation, there are many intermediate measurement points, and a large number of high-precision and expensive automatic measuring devices are required, which is not only uneconomical but also obstructs the rear work for tunnel excavation and causes problems such as being easily damaged. there were.

[0008] In view of these problems, the present invention provides a tunnel excavation work that allows underground surveying of a complex winding tunnel to be carried out automatically and with high accuracy using a small number of measuring devices without the need for surveyors. The aim is to provide an underground surveying method for

[0009]

[Means for achieving the object] The gist of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned conventional problems and achieving the intended purpose is to install two rails in a tunnel, and to Separate measuring devices are supported on the rail via a self-propelled traveling frame, and after measuring one of the two measuring devices based on a known reference point, both measuring devices are alternately advanced into the tunnel. Then, based on the position of the measuring device on the side whose position has been measured, the position of the measuring device on the unmeasured side is sequentially measured, and at the position where the tunneling machine can be sighted, the position of the tunnel excavator is determined by the measuring device on the side whose position has been measured. It consists in an underground surveying method in tunnel excavation work, which is characterized by measurements.

0010

[Operation] In this underground surveying method, two rails are laid, for example, on the ceiling of a tunnel, and measuring devices supported by each rail via a self-propelled traveling frame are advanced alternately to an intermediate measurement point to make measurements. Since the measurement device position of unmeasured positions is measured for each point based on the measured position, the position of the measuring point inside the mine is accurately determined every time a survey is carried out, and even if the tunnel deforms over time, Accurate measurements are always taken.

[0011]

Embodiments Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In the figure, 1A and 1B indicate measuring devices used in the method of the present invention. These measuring devices 1A and 1
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, B is supported by a self-propelled traveling frame 2, respectively. Each frame 2 is suspended and supported by a pair of rack-type rails 4A and 4B laid in parallel on the ceiling of the tunnel 3 via gear-shaped drive wheels 5. wheel 5
is adapted to be driven by an electric drive mechanism 6. The frame 2 is also equipped with stoppers 7, 7 that clamp both sides of the rail 4A or 4B.
Or it can be fixed to 4B.

The measuring devices 1A and 1B have a light emission measurement section 10 and a light reception measurement section 11.

The luminescence measuring section 10 includes a horizontal table 13a whose horizontal angle can be arbitrarily adjusted with respect to the pedestal 2;
A laser beam emitter 15 and a light wave rangefinder 16 are supported via a total station 14 on an angle adjustment mechanism 13 consisting of a swivel base 13b that can arbitrarily adjust the angle in the horizontal direction with respect to 3a. Further, a collimating camera 17 is fixed to the total station 14 and transmits a video signal wirelessly. Light reception measuring section 11
A laser target 20 and a light wave reflecting prism 21 are supported by an angle adjustment mechanism 18 consisting of a horizontal table 18a and a rotating table 18b similar to those described above. The laser target 20 is capable of three-dimensionally detecting the angle of its optical axis by irradiating a laser beam onto its front surface, and the light wave reflecting prism 21 adjusts the incident angle of the light wave emitted from the light wave range finder. It reflects the light parallel to the

Furthermore, the pedestal 2 is equipped with a power source 2 consisting of a battery.
2. A wireless signal transmission device 23 and a controller 24 are installed, and a drive mechanism 6 of the pedestal 2 and stoppers 7, 7 are installed.
, control signals for the operations of both angle adjustment mechanisms 13 and 18, and measurement data signals for the rangefinder 17 and laser target 20 are transmitted and received.

Further, the shield excavator 25 (shown in FIG. 1) at the tip of tunnel excavation is equipped with the same laser target 26, light wave reflecting prism 27, and inclinometer 28 as described above.

On the other hand, in the monitoring room, as shown in FIG. 1, there is a signal transmission device 30 that sends control signals to the operating parts of each of the devices in the tunnel and receives signals from each instrument.
A, 30B, 30C and an arithmetic processing unit 31 that processes various data, and a collimation monitor 32 that displays images from the collimation camera 17 are provided.

Next, a surveying method using the above-mentioned apparatus will be explained.

FIG. 4 shows the shaft 35 being opened by the shield tunneling machine 25.
This shows the case where tunnel 3 consisting of Both measurement devices 1A and 1B are carried into this tunnel 3 through a shaft 35, and are supported on both rails 4A and 4B so that they can travel, respectively. In this state, move one measuring device 1A to the first measuring device at an arbitrary position.
2 was sent to measuring point a1 and installed under shaft 35.
The measuring device 1A is used to sight the measurement reference points a and b, and the light wave rangefinder 16 measures the distance and angle to both points a and b, and the three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z). Next, move the measuring device 1B to the next arbitrary measurement point b1.
The laser target 20 and light wave reflecting prism 21 of the measuring device 1B are collimated from the measuring device 1A to the measuring point B from the reference point a or b centered on the measuring point a1.
1 and the distance between measurement points a1 and b1, and at the same time measure the horizontal coordinates (X, Y) of measurement point b1 from the angle of the laser beam irradiated to the laser target 20 of measurement device 1B. Measure the direction coordinate (Z). Next, the measuring device 1A is advanced to the next arbitrary measuring point a2, and the measuring device 1A is sighted from the measuring device 1B, and the three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y,
Measure Z).

In this way, measurements are made alternately and sequentially from the measurement point whose three-dimensional position was previously measured to the next unmeasured measurement point, and the laser target 26 and the light wave reflecting prism 27 of the shield excavator 25 are collimated in an appropriate manner. After measuring up to a measurement point at a certain position, aim the shield excavator 25 from that measurement point bn (or an in some cases), and aim at the laser target 2.
6 and the light wave reflecting prism 27 respectively with a laser beam and a light wave to determine the three-dimensional coordinates of the shield excavator 25 (
X, Y, Z), and the shield excavator 2
Measure the direction of the axis of 5.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the measuring device on the other side is collimated using the collimating camera and the collimating monitor. The distance traveled may be measured by counting the number of revolutions of the drive wheels 5, and the approximate position of the measuring device may be determined based on this, and the angles of the total station and the laser target may be adjusted.

[0022]

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the underground surveying method for tunnel excavation work of the present invention, two rails are laid in the tunnel, and a pair of measuring devices are advanced alternately along the rails. By sequentially measuring from known measurement points to unmeasured measurement points and moving forward, and finally measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the shield tunneling machine, the position of each intermediate measurement point can be accurately determined each time a measurement is made. Because it can be measured in
Even if there is deformation in the tunnel over time, accurate measurement is always possible, and the deformation of the tunnel over time can also be measured. In addition, it becomes possible for workers to perform measurements without entering the mine each time measurements are taken, which has the effect of significantly improving work efficiency. In addition, only two precise and expensive measuring devices are required even for complex winding tunnels.
It has the effect of being highly economical.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart schematically showing an apparatus used in the method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the measuring device.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the surveying process.

[Explanation of symbols]

1A, 1B Measuring device 2 Traveling frame 3 Tunnels 4A, 4B Rails 5 Wheels 6 Electric drive mechanism 7 Stopper 10 Light emission measurement section 11 Light reception measurement section 13, 18 Angle adjustment mechanism 13a, 18a Horizontal platform 13b, 18b Turning platform 14 Total station 15 Laser beam emitter 16 Light wave rangefinder 17 Sighting camera 20, 26 Laser target 21, 27 Light wave reflecting prism 22 Power source 23, 30A, 30B, 30C Signal transmission device 24
Controller 25 Shield tunneling machine 28 Inclinometer 31 Arithmetic processing unit 32 Sighting monitor 35 Shaft

Claims (1)

[Claims] Claim 1: Two rails are laid in a tunnel, each rail supports a separate measuring device via a self-propelled traveling platform, and one of the measuring devices is connected to a known reference point. After measuring based on , both measuring devices are advanced into the tunnel alternately, and the position of the measuring device on the unmeasured side is sequentially measured based on the position of the measuring device on the side where the position has been measured. An underground surveying method for tunnel excavation work characterized by measuring the position of a tunnel excavator at a quasi-possible position using a measuring device on the side that has already measured the position.