JPH04293834A - Thermal insulation and vent roof structure and roof board slope used therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a comfortable rear roof space and to improve durability of a building by improving thermal insulation for summer and freeing the inside of the buiding from clamp for winter. CONSTITUTION:The upper surface of a roof board main body 3 is covered with building paper and roof members 1 are provided on the roof board main body 3 in a given method. The roof board main body 3 is provided so that a vent path 4 is formed under it and heat insulating materials 5 are installed under the vent path 4. One end of the vent path 4 is in communication with outside air at the rear of a gutter, while the other end is in communication with a ventilating opening at a ridge part.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an insulating/ventilated roof structure and a sheath board using the same.

0002

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method of preventing the inflow of heat from the roof surface, as shown in FIG. 4, the common method was to cover the upper surface of the ceiling with a heat insulating material and provide ventilation in the attic. However, in recent years, there has been an increase in the use of attics as living spaces due to the effective use of land and buildings. Therefore, there is no point in insulating the ceiling surface, and it is necessary to insulate the roof surface.The simplest method is to install insulation material on the bottom surface of the roof board, as shown in Figure 5. It will be done.

However, with this method, it is difficult to securely fix the insulation material to the underside of the roof board, and in winter, ventilation in the attic reduces heating efficiency and causes a drop in room temperature. It is difficult to provide ventilation, but if ventilation is not done,
The problem was that the moisture generated indoors could no longer be discharged, causing condensation between the waterproof paper and the roofing boards, significantly reducing the durability of the building.

On the other hand, for slate-based corrugated roof tiles, a construction method has been proposed that improves the heat insulation on the roof surface by providing ventilation at the bottom surface of the tiles, as shown in FIG. It is true that this method can improve insulation in the summer, but since ventilation is achieved on the outside of the waterproof paper, as mentioned above, moisture generated indoors in the winter will be absorbed by the bottom surface of the waterproof paper. The problem was that it caused condensation.

[0005]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems that the prior art had.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a heat insulating and ventilated roof structure that improves summer heat insulation performance and winter moisture drainage performance on the roof surface, and improves workability on the roof surface.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention provides a structure in which a waterproof sheet-like material is spread over the upper surface of the main body of a field board,
In a roof structure in which a roof surface material is put up using a prescribed construction method, a heat insulating material is provided approximately parallel to the lower surface of the main body of the sheathing board to form a ventilation path between the lower surface of the main body of the sheathing board and the insulation material. The heat insulating/ventilating roof structure is characterized in that the ventilation path communicates with the outside air at at least two places, and a heat insulating material is attached to the lower surface of the main body, and a ventilation path is formed between the lower surface of the main body and the heat insulating material. We provide heat-insulating and ventilated roofing boards.

[0007] Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained according to embodiments. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a cross section of the structure of the present invention, in which 1 is a roofing material, 2 is waterproof paper, 3 is the main body of the roofing board, 4 is a ventilation path,
5 is the insulation material, 6 is the air intake outside the soffit, 7 is the ridge ventilation hole,
8 is interior material, 9 is floor material, 10 is ceiling material, 11 is exterior wall material,
12 indicates the interior wall material, and 13 indicates the attic room.

As shown in the figure, on the top surface of the main body 3 of the roof board,
A waterproof paper 2 is provided, and a roofing material 1 is provided on the upper surface of the waterproof paper. A heat insulating material 5 is provided on the lower surface of the main body of the shedding board so as to be substantially parallel thereto, and a ventilation path 4 is formed between the lower surface of the main body and the heat insulating material. One end of this ventilation passage communicates with the outside air through a communication hole 6 provided in the eaves, and the other end communicates with the outside air through a ridge ventilation opening 7.

Roofing materials 1 include Japanese or Western tiles such as fired tiles and glazed tiles, cement tiles, asbestos or asbestos-free slate flat plate roofing materials, metal roofing materials, organic single roofing materials, natural slate, etc. It can also be applied to stone roofing materials.

The waterproof paper 2 is generally an asphalt-based or rubberized asphalt-based roofing material, and can be used without any problem as long as it is a waterproof sheet-like material. The body 3 of the field board can be used as structural plywood with a thickness of about 9 to 20 mm, or wood wool cement board, wood chip cement board, perlite cement board, etc. used as fireproof field board. Those with a length of about 10 to 40 mm are preferably used.

The thickness of the ventilation passage 4, that is, the gap between the lower surface of the main body and the upper surface of the heat insulating material, is preferably about 5 to 200 mm. If the thickness of the ventilation passage is less than 5 mm, the air permeability will deteriorate, which is undesirable, and if it exceeds 200 mm, the structure will become large and the amount of structural material used will increase, which is undesirable. Further, as for the width of the ventilation path, the intervals between the rafters are normal, but if necessary for structural reasons, structural members may be provided between the rafters.

[0012] For communication between the ventilation path and the outside air, an outside air intake provided on the outer wall or the eaves can be used instead of the outside air intake under the eaves, and an outside air intake provided in the middle part of the roof can be used instead of the ridge ventilation hole. Ventilation holes can be used. The heat insulating material 5 is an inorganic fiber board such as glass wool or rock wool, an organic heat insulating material such as foamed polystyrene, foamed polystyrene, or foamed urethane, or an inorganic heat insulating material such as a calcium silicate board, etc., and has a thermal conductivity of 0.05 kcal/m. hr
・Preferably below ℃.

The air intake port 6 is not limited to a louver, perforated board, etc., as long as it can effectively take in air from the soffits, eaves, exterior wall vents, etc. The material of the ridge ventilation opening 7 is not particularly limited as long as it has a shape that can effectively discharge air from the ventilation path 4 and prevent rainwater from entering. Furthermore, it is also possible to use an exhaust port that communicates with the ventilation path 4 not in the ridge but in the middle of the roof surface. Interior material 8, floor material 9, ceiling material 10,
For the outer wall material 11 and the inner wall material 12, any material used in general buildings can be used without any problem.

[0014] Figures 2 and 3 have been devised to further demonstrate the effects of the present invention, and show a heat-insulating ventilation system in which the main body 3 of the sheathing board, the ventilation passage 4, and the heat insulating material 5 in Figure 1 are integrated into a panel shape. It is a perspective view of a field board. 14 indicates a connecting material, and 15 indicates a notch for rafters.

[0015] Figure 2 shows a heat-insulating and ventilated sheathing board that is made into a panel by using a tie material 14 to secure an air passage 4 between the sheathing board main body 3 and the heat insulating material 5. Regarding the main body 3, ventilation passage 4, and heat insulating material 5, any materials and dimensions described above can be suitably used. Tie material 14
is wood, synthetic wood, plastic materials such as vinyl chloride, metals, inorganic materials, etc., and has a thermal conductivity of 0.2 kc.
Al/m·hr·°C or less can be suitably used, but is not limited thereto.

Furthermore, although FIG. 2 shows an example in which the connecting members 14 are continuously installed approximately parallel to the flow direction of the roof, any method that can ensure a ventilation path and does not obstruct the air flow may be used. , a method of partially arranging the binder can also be used without any problems. FIG. 3 shows a heat-insulating ventilated sheath board in which the heat insulating material 5 is directly joined to the main body 3 of the sheath board and integrated without using any joining material. This joining method may include, but is not limited to, a method using an adhesive, a method of mechanically joining with screws, a method of directly attaching the heat insulating material to the roofing board during molding, etc., but is not limited to these methods.

In addition, in FIG. 3, a notch 1 for a rafter support is shown, which does not have a ventilation passage in the part where the rafter comes into contact.
5 is provided. The more general shape shown in FIG. 2 can also be used, and the shape of the joint can also be used without any problem if the method described above is used. The material and dimensions of the main body 3 of the roof board and the ventilation passage 4 are as described above, and the insulation material 5 can be used if it is equivalent to the insulation material described above, but in this case, foam polystyrene or foam with good shape retention is used. Organic heat insulating materials such as urethane can be used more preferably.

[0018]

[Function] According to the heat insulating/ventilated roof structure of the present invention, in the summer, heat from the roof surface first passes through the main body of the sheathing board, but warms the air in the ventilation path on the lower surface. The warmed air then moves upward through the ventilation passages and is exhausted to the outside through ventilation holes provided at the top of the roof. Furthermore, since the amount of heat passing through the ventilation path is insulated by the heat insulating material, the amount of heat flowing into the attic space through the interior material can be extremely reduced. On the other hand, in the winter, according to the present invention, water vapor generated in the attic passes through the interior materials and insulation materials, enters the ventilation passage, and is discharged to the outside through the ventilation hole installed in the upper part of the roof along with the air there. .

At this time, by forcibly discharging the air from the ventilation passage using a ventilation fan or the like, the effect of discharging moisture can be further enhanced. This insulation/ventilation roof structure can be realized by combining the necessary materials at the construction site, as shown in Figure 1, but by using the insulation/ventilation sheathing board shown in Figure 2, more reliable insulation and ventilation can be achieved.
A structure for ventilation can be realized more easily. Furthermore, with the heat-insulating and ventilated sheathing board shown in Figure 3, the thickness for insulation and ventilation can be accommodated inside the rafters required for the roof structure, improving workability and saving space. Can be done.

[0020]

[Example] Fig. 4 shows the diurnal temperature fluctuation in the attic room in summer of a house to which the heat insulation/ventilation structure according to the present invention is applied. In the figure, the solid line shows the attic room temperature in the heat insulation/ventilation structure according to the present invention, the broken line shows the attic room temperature in the conventional construction method, and the dashed-dotted line shows the surface temperature of the roofing material.

[0021] As for the specifications of the materials of each part at the time of this measurement, in the structure of the present invention, the roofing material is asbestos slate roofing material with a thickness of 4.5 mm, the waterproof paper is asphalt roofing 22 kg product, and the roofing board is 4.5 mm thick. The main body is made of plywood 9m thick
m, the thickness of the ventilation passage is 20mm, and the insulation material is a foamed styrene board with a thickness of 30mm, and the structure is such that air is introduced from the soffit, passes through the ventilation passage on the roof surface, and is discharged to the outside from the ventilation opening in the ridge. . The roof slope is about 5 inches.

On the other hand, in the conventional construction method, that is, without providing ventilation channels, the roofing materials, waterproof paper, roofing boards, and roof slope are
The measurement results are shown in FIG. 4, which is exactly the same as the insulation/ventilation method of the present invention. From Figure 4, it can be seen that by adopting this insulation/ventilation structure, the temperature in the attic during the day can be kept lower than in conventional construction methods. In addition, in winter, with the heat insulation and ventilation structure of the present invention, moisture generated in the attic is reliably discharged from the ventilation path to the outside through the ventilation opening in the ridge, causing dew condensation between the waterproof paper and the roof board. In contrast, with the conventional construction method, condensation was observed between the waterproof paper and the roof board.

[0023]

[Effects of the Invention] By using the heat insulation/ventilation structure of the present invention, it is possible to effectively block the heat of the roof surface heated by sunlight in summer, thereby keeping the temperature of the attic room low. At the same time, temperature changes can be reduced, providing a comfortable attic space. In addition, in winter, moisture generated indoors can be discharged outside through the ventilation channels in the roof, which previously caused condensation between the waterproof paper and the sheathing board, leaving the sheathing board constantly damp and accelerating corrosion. This can significantly improve the durability of buildings.

[0024] Since the heat insulation/ventilation structure of the present invention exhibits such effects, it is particularly effective when using the attic as a living room, which has been increasing in order to make effective use of land due to the recent rise in land prices. It has a great effect on keeping the indoor environment comfortable. In addition, according to the present invention, the space required for insulation and ventilation can be contained within the thickness of the rafters, so there is no need for extra thickness in the roof structure due to insulation, and the space required for insulation and ventilation can be accommodated within the thickness of the rafters. This has the advantage that space can be used more effectively and widely.

[0025]Furthermore, by using heat insulating and ventilated floorboards as shown in Figures 2 and 3, it is possible to simplify the work of securing ventilation channels and installing heat insulating materials during construction at construction sites. This can greatly improve workability and reliability. In addition, by using the heat-insulating ventilation flooring board shown in Figure 3, the ventilation layer and the heat-insulating layer can be contained within the thickness of the rafters, and the insulation layer can be insulated without having to take any special consideration to the connection with other parts. - A ventilated roof structure can be realized.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

[Figure 1] Basic sectional view of the heat insulation/ventilation structure of the present invention

[Fig. 2] A perspective view of the heat-insulating and ventilated field board of the present invention.

[Fig. 3] A perspective view of the heat-insulating and ventilated field board of the present invention.

[Figure 4] Graph showing temperature changes in the attic

[Figure 5] Cross-sectional view of attic ventilation using conventional construction method

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Roofing material 2 Sheet material with waterproof properties 3 Main body of the field board 4 Ventilation path 5 Insulation material 6 Air intake 7 Ventilation vent 8 Interior finishing materials 9. Flooring 10 Ceiling material 11 Exterior wall materials 12 Inner wall material 13 Attic space 14 Tie material 15 Notch for rafters 21/22 Insulation material

Claims (2)

[Claims] Claim 1: A roof structure in which a waterproof sheet-like material is spread over the upper surface of the main body of a field board, and a roof surface material is placed on top of it using a predetermined method; A heat-insulating/ventilated roof structure characterized in that heat-insulating materials are provided in parallel to form a ventilation path between the lower surface of the main body of the roof board and the heat-insulating material, and the ventilation path communicates with outside air at at least two places. . 2. A heat-insulating ventilation sheathing board, in which a heat-insulating material is attached to the lower surface of the main body, and a ventilation path is formed between the lower surface of the main body and the heat-insulating material.