JPH04245801A - Primary radiator for common use in vertically and horizontally polarized waves - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To take out output through rectangular waveguides which are joined to a circular waveguide so that the directions of their axes are nearly in the same direction by installing a phase shift circuit between the joined places o the internal part of the circular waveguide to the rectangular waveguide of one side and the rectangular waveguide of the other side. CONSTITUTION:One end of the circular waveguide 2 is made a horn-shaped opening 1 capable of introducing the vertically and the horizontally polarized waves, and the other end is made a terminal face 5. The rectangular waveguide 7 is joined at an opening 1 side as a first output means for the linearly polarized wave signal of one side, and the rectangular waveguide 9 is joined at a terminal face 5 side as a second output means for the linearly polarized wave signal of the other side. The phase shift circuit 4 is installed between the joined places of the rectangular waveguide 7 and the rectangular waveguide 9 in the circular waveguide 2 so as to delay the phase of the linearly polarized wave signal of the other side. Thus, the output can be taken out while the rectangular waveguide 7 and the rectangular waveguide 9 are joined to the circular waveguide 2 so that their axes are nearly in the same direction.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a primary radiator for both vertical and horizontal polarization, which receives communication satellite (CS) radio waves transmitted in vertical and horizontal polarization. Communication satellite radio waves differ from satellite broadcasting radio waves, which use circularly polarized waves.
Linear polarization is used, and vertically and horizontally polarized radio waves are used to allow more channels to be transmitted within the same band. Therefore, in order to receive vertically polarized and horizontally polarized radio waves with one parabolic antenna, a primary radiator for both vertical and horizontal polarization is used.
A vertically polarized signal and a horizontally polarized signal are taken out from the vertically and horizontally polarized primary radiator and input to each CS converter to receive radio waves from a communication satellite (CS).

0002

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 10, a conventional primary radiator for vertically and horizontally polarized waves has a horn-shaped opening 1 through which vertical and horizontal linearly polarized signals can be introduced into one end of a circular waveguide 2. and the other end is the termination surface 5, and a rectangular waveguide 24 is joined downward to the opening 1 side as a horizontally polarized signal output means,
A rectangular waveguide 25 is horizontally connected to the termination surface 5 side as a means for outputting vertically polarized signals, and the vertically polarized signals and horizontally polarized signals, which are electric fields crossing each other at right angles, are connected in the horizontal direction. Rectangular waveguides were used to extract the signals, and signals were input to each CS converter to receive radio waves from communication satellites.

0003

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] Therefore, the rectangular waveguide 2
4 and the rectangular waveguide 25 are joined to the circular waveguide 2 with their tube axes intersecting at right angles, and the rectangular waveguide 2
4 and the tip of the rectangular waveguide 25 are each equipped with a CS converter, and the output cable from the CS converter is also
In addition, since they are pulled out at right angles, they are difficult to handle and have a poor appearance. The present invention is easy to handle by joining two rectangular waveguides to a circular waveguide with their tube axes in substantially the same direction.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a primary radiator for both vertical and horizontal polarization that has a good appearance.

0004

[Means for Solving the Problems] FIG. 1 is a diagram explaining the principle of a primary radiator for both vertical and horizontal polarization according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, one end of a circular waveguide 2 is A horn-shaped aperture 1 capable of introducing a linearly polarized signal, the other end is a termination surface 5, and a rectangular waveguide 7 is connected to the aperture 1 side as a first output means for one linearly polarized signal, In the vertical/horizontal polarization shared primary radiator in which a rectangular waveguide 9 is connected to the termination surface 5 side as a second output means for the other linearly polarized signal, the rectangular waveguide inside the circular waveguide 2 By providing a phase circuit 4 between the junction of the rectangular waveguide 7 and the rectangular waveguide 9 to delay the phase of the other linearly polarized signal, the tube axis direction of the rectangular waveguide 7 and the rectangular waveguide 9 can be changed. Circular waveguide 2 in approximately the same direction
The output is taken out by connecting it to the

[0005]

[Operation] With the above-described configuration, the present invention receives vertically polarized radio waves and horizontally polarized radio waves, and horizontally polarized waves are introduced into the horn-shaped opening 1 at one end of the circular waveguide 2. As shown in Figure 5, if the horizontal direction is the X-axis and the vertical direction is the Y-axis, the electric field in the X-axis direction is the vector component Ehx
, and a vector component Ehy in the Y-axis direction, and can be expressed as an electric field Eh that is a combination of Ehx and Ehy. Similarly, as shown in FIG. 6, the vertically polarized electric field introduced into the horn-shaped opening 1 at one end of the circular waveguide 2 is expressed as follows: It has a vector component Evx in the axial direction and a vector component Evy in the Y-axis direction, and can be expressed as an electric field Ev that is a combination of Evx and Evy.

Therefore, the electric fields of the horizontally polarized wave and the vertically polarized wave introduced into the horn-shaped opening 1 at one end of the circular waveguide 2 are as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 6, the electric fields intersect at right angles to each other. Therefore, as shown in FIG. A phase circuit 4 is provided to detect the vector component Ev in the X-axis direction of the vertically polarized electric field.
By delaying x by 180 degrees, an electric field Ev' having Evx' as a vector component in the X-axis direction as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 6 is obtained. Even if they are connected to the circular waveguide 2 with substantially the same direction, a horizontally polarized signal can be extracted from the rectangular waveguide 7, and a vertically polarized signal can be extracted from the rectangular waveguide 9. be able to.

Similarly, a vertically polarized signal is taken out from the rectangular waveguide 7, and the vector component Ehx in the X-axis direction of the horizontally polarized electric field shown in FIG.
Even if a horizontally polarized signal is extracted from the rectangular waveguide 9 by delaying the rectangular waveguide 9, the tube axes of the rectangular waveguide 7 and the rectangular waveguide 9 can be made substantially the same direction. Therefore, since it is possible to join two rectangular waveguides to a circular waveguide with their tube axes in the same direction, the appearance can be improved, and the tips of the two rectangular waveguides can be When the CS converters are joined to each other, the CS converters can be placed at substantially the same position, so it is possible to use the same outer box for each CS converter, which makes handling easier.

[0008]

[Embodiment] FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an embodiment of the primary radiator for vertically and horizontally polarized waves of the present invention. The other end is a horn-shaped opening 1 that can introduce a signal, and the other end is a termination surface 5. A rectangular waveguide 7 is connected to the opening 1 side via a slit 6 as an output means for a horizontally polarized signal. A rectangular waveguide 9 is connected to the side via a slit 8 as an output means for a vertically polarized signal. 20 is a notch line, which shows a state in which the circular waveguide 2, the rectangular waveguide 7, and the rectangular waveguide 9 are broken, and the rectangular waveguide 7 and the rectangular waveguide inside the circular waveguide 2 are A phase circuit consisting of metal blocks 10 and 11 is provided between the joints of the waveguide 9, and a horizontally polarized signal is extracted using the rectangular waveguide 7.
A signal is input to the S converter, and the phase of the vertically polarized signal is delayed by a phase circuit consisting of metal blocks 10 and 11, so that the vertically polarized signal is output in substantially the same direction as the tube axis direction of the rectangular waveguide 7. A rectangular waveguide 9 is connected to the circular waveguide 2, and a vertically polarized signal is extracted from the rectangular waveguide 7 and inputted to the CS converter.

Reference numeral 3 denotes a metal plate, which is installed inside the circular waveguide 2 between the junction of the rectangular waveguide 7 and the rectangular waveguide 9 so as to be substantially parallel to the electric field of the horizontally polarized signal; The horizontally polarized signal is short-circuited to prevent the horizontally polarized signal from proceeding to the phase circuit, thereby improving the separation of the horizontally polarized signal and the vertically polarized signal. 3 is a front view of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the coordinate system in FIG. 3. Horizontal polarization is a signal with an electric field in the horizontal direction, and vertical polarization is a signal with an electric field in the vertical direction. The horizontally polarized signal is introduced into the circular waveguide 2 and extracted from the waveguide 7 through a slit 6 provided parallel to the direction of the electric field of the signal.

Furthermore, the horizontally polarized signal is made to have the same width as the diameter of the circular waveguide 2 and is reflected by a metal plate 3 installed inside the circular waveguide 2 so as not to proceed to the phase circuit. The substantially semi-cylindrical metal blocks 10 and 11 used as a phase circuit are attached to opposing arcs of the circular waveguide 2 so that the arcs of the inner surface of the circular waveguide 2 are flat. and the center line 21 of 11 is the metal plate 3
They are arranged so as to form an angle of approximately 45 degrees.

[0011] The direction of the center line 21 is defined as the X axis, and the center line 21
The vector of the vertically polarized electric field Ev introduced into the circular waveguide 2 can be expressed as shown in FIG. When a vertically polarized signal travels between the metal lumps 10 and 11, the vector component Evy of the vertically polarized electric field is changed by the metal lumps 10 and 11 to the vector component Evx.
Since the wavelength is shorter, it is possible to delay the phase of the vector component Evx, and the length in the longitudinal direction of the metal lumps 10 and 11 is set to a length that can delay the phase of the vector component Evx by 180 degrees. For example, metal lumps 10 and 1
1, the electric field E as shown by the dotted line in Figure 6
v'. Therefore, the electric field Ev' has the same electric field direction as the horizontally polarized signal, and the vertically polarized signal can be extracted from the waveguide 9 through the slit 8 provided in the same manner as described above. can.

FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an embodiment in which an excitation probe is used as the output means in FIG. 2, and shows the coupling slits 6 and 8 and the rectangular waveguide used in FIG. 7 and 9, an excitation probe 13 is provided on the opening side of the metal plate 3 as an output means for one of the linearly polarized signals, and the excitation probe 13 is inserted from the outside of the side surface of the circular waveguide 2 with a holder 15. By holding it horizontally and inserting it into the circular waveguide 2, an electric signal is induced in the excitation probe 13 by the electric field of the horizontally polarized signal, and the horizontally polarized signal is taken out from the excitation probe 13. , an excitation probe 14 is provided between the termination surface 5 and the phase circuit as a means for outputting the other linearly polarized signal, and the excitation probe 14 is held from the outside of the side surface of the circular waveguide 2 with a holder 16 and moved horizontally. The excitation probe 14 is inserted into the circular waveguide 2 by the electric field of the vertically polarized signal.
The vertically polarized signal is extracted from the excitation probe 14 by inducing an electric signal in the excitation probe 13.
and an excitation probe 14 to input signals to each CS converter.

FIG. 8 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing another embodiment of the primary radiator for both vertical and horizontal polarization according to the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a front view of FIG. 8. Instead of the metal blocks 10 and 11 used as phase circuits in FIG.
A dielectric plate 12 is used, and the center line 26 of the plate thickness of the dielectric plate 12 and the center line 2 of the metal lumps 10 and 11 in FIG.
The dielectric plate 12 is arranged such that the two ends of the dielectric plate 12 coincide with each other, and both ends of the dielectric plate 12 in the short side direction are sandwiched and fixed between the inner walls of the circular waveguide 2. The other configurations are the same as those in FIGS. 2 and 3.

In the example of FIGS. 2 and 3, the coupling slits 6 and 8 and the rectangular waveguides 7 and 9 are replaced by the circular waveguide 2.
The metal plate 3 may be attached in the vertical direction so that the output means on the aperture 1 side outputs a vertically polarized signal, and the output means on the termination surface 5 side outputs a horizontally polarized signal. . Examples of phase circuits that can be used in the vertically and horizontally polarized primary radiator of the present invention include those that are generally used as phase circuits and are shown in FIGS. 2 and 8. There are those in which one side of a substantially semi-cylindrical metal block is attached to an arc of the inner wall of the waveguide 2, those in which metal screws are used, and those in which a metal plate is used.

[0015]

As explained above, according to the present invention, it is possible to make the signal electric fields of vertically and horizontally polarized waves in the same direction, and even when output is extracted using two rectangular waveguides, the tube axis remains unchanged. It is possible to provide a primary radiator for vertically and horizontally polarized waves that can be joined to a circular waveguide with substantially the same direction, is easy to handle, and has a good appearance.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the principle of a primary radiator for both vertical and horizontal polarization according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an embodiment of a primary radiator for both vertical and horizontal polarization according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a coordinate system in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a vector diagram of a horizontally polarized electric field.

FIG. 6 is a vector diagram of a vertically polarized electric field.

7 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an embodiment in which an excitation probe is used as an output means in FIG. 2; FIG.

FIG. 8 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing another embodiment of the primary radiator for both vertical and horizontal polarization according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a front view of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a conventional primary radiator for both vertical and horizontal polarization.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Opening 2 Circular waveguide 3 Metal plate 4 Phase circuit 5 End surface 6 Slit 7 Square waveguide 8 Slit 9 Square waveguide 10 Metal lump 11 Metal lump 12 Dielectric plate 13 Excitation probe 14 Excitation probe 15 Holder 16 Holder 20 Notch line 21 Center line 22 X axis 23 Y-axis 24 Square waveguide 25 Square waveguide 26 Center line

Claims (3)

[Claims] Claim 1: One end of the circular waveguide is an opening capable of introducing vertical and horizontal linearly polarized signals, the other end is a termination surface, and the opening side is used as a first output means for one linearly polarized signal. Vertical/
In the horizontally polarized primary radiator, a phase circuit is provided between the junction of the first rectangular waveguide and the second rectangular waveguide inside the circular waveguide, and the phase circuit of the other linearly polarized signal is A primary radiator for both vertical and horizontal polarization, characterized in that the first rectangular waveguide and the second rectangular waveguide are joined so that their tube axes are in substantially the same direction by delaying the waveguide. 2. One end of the circular waveguide is an opening capable of introducing vertical and horizontal linearly polarized signals, the other end is a termination surface, and the opening side serves as a first output means for one linearly polarized signal. A vertical/
In the horizontally polarized primary radiator, a phase circuit is provided between the first excitation probe and the second excitation probe inside the circular waveguide, and the first excitation probe and the second excitation probe are oriented in substantially the same direction. A primary radiator for both vertical and horizontal polarization, characterized in that it is capable of combining mutually different linearly polarized signals. 3. A short-circuiting metal plate is connected to the circular waveguide between the first output means and the second output means so that the electric field is substantially parallel to the electric field of the linearly polarized signal outputted by the first output means. Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is attached inside a pipe.
The vertically and horizontally polarized primary radiator described.