JP2000295002A - Linear polarization sharing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a linear polarization sharing device which suppresses the loss of transmission power, etc., can suppress the useless power consumption and can realized a low cost. SOLUTION: A 180 deg. hybrid 11 inputs an input signal given to a signal terminal 6 through a switching device 4 switched in accordance with a polarization direction and branches it into signals having either phase relation of a positive phase of a negative phase in accordance with a set polarization direction. Amplifiers 10a and 10b input and amplify a signal from the hybrid 11 and respectively energize probes 8 and 9. As a result, the probes 8 and 9 generate mutually orthogonal electromagnetic wave components. The electromagnetic wave components are combined in a primary radiator 1 and radiated as a transmission wave of a vertical or horizontal polarization wave to air. Here, the probes 8 and 9 are attached to the radiator 1 at a prescribed installation angle so that the combined electromagnetic waves can be a horizontal or vertical polarization wave.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dual-polarization device for transmitting and receiving two types of linear polarizations by sharing one antenna (radiator).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a linearly polarized light sharing device which can be shared by horizontal and vertical polarizations. FIGS. 11 (a) and 11 (b) show first and second prior art transmission linear polarization duplexers applied to a transmission apparatus, respectively. The linear polarization sharing device shown in this figure is for radiating a transmission signal (electric signal) output from a transmission device (not shown) into the air as a horizontally polarized or vertically polarized electromagnetic wave. In the drawings, common elements are denoted by the same reference numerals.

[0003] In a first conventional example shown in FIG. 11A, one amplifier is used for amplifying horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, and reference numeral 1 denotes a waveguide or a patch antenna. Primary radiators, 2 and 3 are probes for coupling to horizontal and vertical polarizations respectively, 4 is a switch for switching between horizontal and vertical polarizations, 5 is an amplifier, 6 is a signal. Terminal.

Here, the probe 2 is arranged in the X-axis direction of the TE11 mode of the electromagnetic wave radiated from the primary radiator 1, and the probe 3 is arranged in the Y-axis direction of the TE11 mode. The switch 4 has fixed contacts a and b and a movable contact c, and based on a switching signal (not shown) for switching the polarization direction between horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, the movable contact c is fixed contact. a or fixed contact b. The fixed contact a is connected to the probe 2 that couples to the horizontally polarized wave,
The fixed contact b is connected to the probe 3 coupled to the vertically polarized wave, and the movable contact c is supplied with the output of the amplifier 5. Note that a signal (input signal) input to the amplifier 5 via the signal terminal 6 is a transmission signal output from a transmitter (not shown).

According to the first conventional example, the connection state of the contacts of the switch 4 is set depending on whether the transmission wave is horizontally polarized or vertically polarized. When generating a horizontally polarized transmission wave, the movable contact c of the switch 4 is connected to the fixed contact a.
In this case, the signal input from the signal terminal 6 (input signal)
Is amplified by the amplifier 5 and then supplied to the probe 2 via the switch 4. As a result, the probe 2 is excited,
The primary radiator 1 emits a linearly polarized transmission wave whose electric field direction is the X-axis direction, that is, a horizontally polarized transmission wave.

When a vertically polarized transmission wave is generated, the movable contact c of the switch 4 is connected to the fixed contact b. In this case, the signal input from the signal terminal 6 (input signal)
Is amplified by the amplifier 5 and then supplied to the probe 3 via the switch 4. As a result, the probe 3 is excited,
The primary radiator 1 emits a linearly polarized transmission wave whose electric field direction is the Y-axis direction, that is, a vertically polarized transmission wave.

Next, a second conventional example shown in FIG. 11B will be described. This example has two amplifiers 7a and 7b,
Each of the amplifiers is used for amplifying horizontal polarization and vertical polarization. The signal terminal 6 is connected to the movable contact c of the switch 4, and the fixed contacts a and b of the switch 4 are
The outputs of the amplifiers 7a and 7b are connected to the probes 2 and 3, respectively.

According to the second conventional example, when a horizontally polarized transmission wave is generated, the movable contact c of the switch 4 is connected to the fixed contact a. In this case, a signal (input signal) input from the signal terminal 6 is supplied to the amplifier 7a via the switch 4, and is amplified by the amplifier 7a before being supplied to the probe 2. As a result, the probe 2 is excited, and the primary radiator 1 emits a linearly polarized transmission wave whose electric field direction is the X-axis direction, that is, a horizontally polarized transmission wave.

When a vertically polarized transmission wave is generated, the movable contact c of the switch 4 is connected to the fixed contact b. In this case, the signal input from the signal terminal 6 (input signal)
Is supplied to the amplifier 7b via the switch 4, and is amplified by the amplifier 7b and then supplied to the probe 3. As a result, the probe 3 is excited, and the primary radiator 1 emits a linearly polarized transmission wave whose electric field direction is the Y-axis direction, that is, a vertically polarized transmission wave. As described above, in the related art, an amplifier is disposed between the signal terminal and the switch, or an amplifier is disposed between the switch and the probe, and a different amplifier is used for each polarization.

[0010]

The above-described FIG.
According to the first conventional example shown in FIG. 1 (a), when a transmission signal fed as an input signal from a signal terminal 6 is amplified by an amplifier 5 to a large signal and passes through a switch 4, this switching is performed. There is a problem that much transmission power is lost due to the insertion loss of the device 4.

[0011] In the configuration shown in FIG.
In the case where the connection direction of the amplifiers 5 is exchanged to constitute a linear duplexer for reception, a weak signal passes through the switcher 4 before being amplified by the amplifier 5 at the time of reception. For this reason, the noise signal generated by the switching device 4 is also amplified by the amplifier 5, and there is a problem that the quality of the received signal is deteriorated.

[0012] The problems of the first prior art are as follows.
The improvement can be achieved by employing a switch having a mechanical structure with small insertion loss and signal deterioration as the switch 4. However, a switch having a mechanical structure has disadvantages in that it is larger in weight and size and more expensive than an electronic switch, and that high-speed polarization switching cannot be performed.

On the other hand, according to the second conventional example, the switch 4 is not interposed between the amplifier 5 and the probes 2 and 3. For this reason, it is possible to suppress the influence of the loss of transmission power and the deterioration of the characteristics of the received signal due to the switching device, and it is possible to avoid the problems of the first conventional example described above.

However, according to the second conventional example, only one of the two amplifiers is in use, the other is in a standby state, and the power supplied to the amplifier in the standby state is set. Is wasted. Therefore, wasteful power consumption can be suppressed if power is not supplied to the amplifier in the standby state, but when high-speed polarization switching is performed, it is necessary to supply power to the amplifier in the standby state, In this case, useless power is consumed.

Further, in general, when increasing the output power of an amplifier, the rate of increase in cost is greater than the rate of increase in output power. According to the above-described first and second conventional examples, for example, when trying to double the output power, it is necessary to employ an amplifier whose output power is doubled as each amplifier, resulting in a significant increase in cost. , And the equipment becomes expensive.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and suppresses loss of transmission power and deterioration of characteristics of a received signal.
An object of the present invention is to provide a linearly polarized light sharing device that can suppress wasteful power consumption and can be realized at low cost.

[0017]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has the following arrangement. In other words, the linear-polarization sharing device according to the present invention splits an input signal and obtains two split signals having a phase relationship of either in-phase or out-of-phase according to the set polarization direction. For example, a 180-degree hybrid 11 and a switch 4 described later
, Amplification means for amplifying each of the branch signals obtained by the signal branching means (for example, constituent elements corresponding to amplifiers 10a and 10b to be described later), and each of the branch signals amplified by the amplification means An electromagnetic wave generating means (for example, a component corresponding to a primary radiator 1 and probes 8 and 9 described later) for generating electromagnetic waves based on the above and combining these electromagnetic waves to output an electromagnetic wave polarized in the polarization direction. , Is provided.

According to the present invention, the input signal is converted by the signal branching means according to the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave to be transmitted (that is, the electromagnetic wave to be transmitted is, for example, horizontally polarized or vertically polarized). (Depending on whether it is performed) or two different phase signals having the same phase relationship with each other. These two branch signals are amplified by the amplification means. The electromagnetic wave generating means generates an electromagnetic wave from each of the amplified two branch signals. These electromagnetic waves are combined to generate an electromagnetic wave polarized in the set polarization direction. At this time, the direction of the electric field of the electromagnetic wave corresponding to each branch signal is set according to the polarization direction of the combined electromagnetic wave (transmitted wave).

As described above, an electromagnetic wave is generated from each of the two branch signals obtained by branching and amplifying the input signal, and these electromagnetic waves are combined to form a transmission wave. Loss is reduced. Moreover, since there is no case where the amplifying unit is in the standby state, the amplifying unit operates efficiently, and it is possible to suppress wasteful power consumption.

Further, the dual-polarization device according to the present invention has a signal guiding means (for example, a primary radiator 1 and a primary radiator 1 to be described later) for inputting an electromagnetic wave propagating in the air and inducing a signal corresponding to each electromagnetic wave component orthogonal to each other. Constituent elements corresponding to the probes 80 and 90) and amplifying means (for example, an amplifier 100 described later) for amplifying each signal guided by the signal guiding means.
a, 100b) and signal synthesizing means for synthesizing each signal amplified by the amplifying means to obtain a signal corresponding to the electromagnetic wave (corresponding to, for example, a 180-degree hybrid 110 and a switch 40 to be described later). Component).

According to the present invention, the signal guiding means
From the electromagnetic waves propagating in the air, signals corresponding to the respective electromagnetic wave components orthogonal to each other are derived. At this time, the direction of the electric field of the electromagnetic wave component that induces each signal corresponds to the polarization direction of the input electromagnetic wave (received wave). After these induced signals are amplified by the amplifying means, they are combined by the signal combining means.

Thus, from the electromagnetic waves propagating in the air,
Signals corresponding to the respective electromagnetic wave components orthogonal to each other are induced, and these signals are amplified and combined, respectively, so that loss of received power before amplification is suppressed. Moreover, since there is no case where the amplifying unit is in the standby state, the amplifying unit operates efficiently, and it is possible to suppress wasteful power consumption.

Further, the linear-polarization sharing device according to the present invention splits an input signal to obtain two split signals having either an in-phase or an anti-phase according to a set polarization direction. Branching means (for example, components corresponding to a 180-degree hybrid 11 and a switch 4 described later);
First amplifying means (for example, amplifiers 10a and 10b to be described later) for amplifying each branched signal obtained by the signal branching means.
And electromagnetic waves are respectively generated based on the respective branch signals amplified by the first amplifying means, and these electromagnetic waves are combined to output an electromagnetic wave polarized in the polarization direction. Electromagnetic wave input / output means for inputting an electromagnetic wave propagating in the air and inducing a signal corresponding to each electromagnetic wave component orthogonal to each other (for example, constituent elements corresponding to a primary radiator 1 and probes 8, 9, 80, and 90 described later)
And second amplifying means (for example, amplifiers 100a and 100a to be described later) for amplifying each signal guided to the electromagnetic wave input / output means.
00b) and the signal amplified by the second amplifying means, and synthesizes each signal to obtain a signal corresponding to the electromagnetic wave input to the electromagnetic wave input / output means (for example, a 180 ° Hybrid 110 and switch 4
0).

According to the present invention, at the time of transmission, the input signal is converted by the signal branching means into two branched signals having either the same phase or the opposite phase depending on the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave to be transmitted. Is branched to These two branch signals are amplified by the first amplifier. The electromagnetic wave input / output means generates an electromagnetic wave from each of the amplified two branch signals. These electromagnetic waves are combined to generate an electromagnetic wave polarized in the set polarization direction. At this time,
The direction of the electric field of the electromagnetic wave corresponding to each branch signal is set according to the polarization direction of the combined electromagnetic wave. At the time of reception, an electromagnetic wave propagating in the air is input to the electromagnetic wave input / output means, and a signal corresponding to each electromagnetic wave component orthogonal to each other is induced. At this time, the direction of the electric field of the electromagnetic wave component that induces each signal corresponds to the polarization direction of the input electromagnetic wave (received wave). After these induced signals are amplified by the second amplifying means, they are combined by the signal combining means.

As described above, at the time of transmission, electromagnetic waves are respectively generated from two branched signals obtained by branching and amplifying an input signal, and these electromagnetic waves are combined to form a transmission wave. Transmission power loss is suppressed. Further, at the time of reception, signals corresponding to the respective electromagnetic wave components orthogonal to each other are induced from the electromagnetic waves propagating in the air, and these signals are respectively amplified and combined, so that the loss of the received power before amplification is suppressed. Furthermore, since the first amplifying unit does not enter the standby state during transmission and the second amplifying unit does not enter the standby state during reception, the amplification operation is performed efficiently, and wasteful power consumption is suppressed. It becomes possible.

The signal branching means has, for example, an input section to which the input signal is given and two output sections, and switches the input signal to the output section based on a switching signal for switching the polarization direction. A switch (for example, a component corresponding to a switch 4 to be described later) for switching to any one of the switches, and two input units respectively connected to the output unit of the switch; When an input signal is supplied, a signal having the same phase relationship as the two branch signals is output, and when the input signal is supplied to the other of the input units, the two branch signals have opposite phases as the two branch signals. A 180-degree hybrid (for example, a component corresponding to a 180-degree hybrid 11 described later) that outputs a signal having a phase relationship.

According to this signal branching means, the input signal is given to the 180-degree hybrid via the switching device that performs the switching operation based on the switching signal for switching the polarization direction. The 180-degree hybrid splits an input signal supplied from the switch into two signals (branch signals) and delays the phase of one of the signals by 180 degrees with respect to the other according to the switching state of the switch. . As a result, the two branch signals have a phase relationship of either in-phase or out-of-phase according to the switching signal.

The signal branching means has, for example, an input section to which the input signal is given and two output sections, and switches the input signal to any of the output sections based on a switching signal for switching the polarization direction. A switching unit (for example, a component corresponding to a switching unit 4 described later) and two input units connected to output units of the switching unit, respectively. When a signal is applied, one of the two branch signals is delayed by 90 degrees with respect to the other side, and when the input signal is applied to the other of these input sections, the other of the two branch signals is used. 90 ° hybrid (for example, a component corresponding to a 90 ° hybrid 13 described later) that delays the phase of the 90 ° with respect to one side, and one branch signal output from the 90 ° hybrid Configured with 90 degree only delay phase shifters a phase (e.g. a component corresponding to the phase shifters 12 to be described later), the.

According to this signal branching means, the input signal is supplied to the 90-degree hybrid via the switch that performs the switching operation based on the switching signal for switching the polarization direction.
The 90-degree hybrid splits an input signal supplied from the switch into two signals (branch signals) and delays the phase of one of the signals by 90 degrees with respect to the other in accordance with the switching state of the switch. . The phase of one signal output from the 90-degree hybrid is delayed by 90 degrees by the fixed phase shifter.

Therefore, when the phase of one signal input from the 90-degree hybrid to the fixed phase shifter is delayed by 90 degrees by the 90-degree hybrid, the result is further delayed by 90 degrees by the fixed phase shifter. The signal output from the fixed phase shifter has a phase delayed by 180 degrees from the other signal output from the 90-degree hybrid. Therefore, in this case, two branch signals having opposite phase relationships to each other are obtained. If the phase of the other signal that is not input to the fixed phase shifter from the 90-degree hybrid is delayed by 90 degrees due to the 90-degree hybrid, the phase of the signal output from the fixed phase shifter is 90 degrees. As a result of the delay, the signal output from the fixed phase shifter has the same phase as the other signal output from the 90-degree hybrid. Therefore, in this case, two branch signals having the same phase relationship with each other are obtained.

The signal synthesizing means has, for example, two input parts and two output parts to which respective signals from the amplifying means are given, and each signal from the amplifying means has an in-phase relationship. And outputting a signal corresponding to the polarization direction from one of the output units, and responding to the polarization direction from the other of the output units when the signals from the amplifying unit have a phase relationship of opposite phases. A 180-degree hybrid (e.g., a component corresponding to a 180-degree hybrid 110 described later) that outputs the output signal, two input units and one output unit connected to each output unit of the 180-degree hybrid, A switch (for example, a switch 40 to be described later) that switches a signal supplied to one of the two input units to the output unit based on a switching signal for switching a polarization direction and outputs the signal.
).

According to this signal synthesizing means, the signals from the amplifying means are synthesized by a 180-degree hybrid, and when these signals have the same or opposite phase relationship,
A signal corresponding to the polarization direction of the received electromagnetic wave is output to any one of the output units. The switch switches and outputs a signal corresponding to the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave based on a switching signal for switching the polarization direction.

The signal synthesizing means is, for example, a fixed phase shifter for delaying the phase of one of the signals output from the amplifying means by 90 degrees (for example, when a configuration shown in FIG. 4 described later is reconfigured for reception). (A component corresponding to the fixed phase shifter 12), and two input units and two output units to which the other signal output from the amplifying unit and the signal from the fixed phase shifter are respectively provided. And, when the phase of the signal given to one of the two input sections is delayed by 90 degrees with respect to the other side, while outputting a signal corresponding to the polarization direction from one of the output sections, A 90-degree hybrid (for example, described later) that outputs a signal corresponding to the polarization direction from the other of the output units when the phase of a signal given to the other of the two input units is delayed by 90 degrees from one side. Configuration shown in FIG. 90 in the case of re-configured for receiving
Component corresponding to the hybrid 13) and the 90
A signal provided to any one of the two input units based on a switching signal for switching a polarization direction, having two input units connected to each output unit of the hybrid and one output unit. And a switch (for example, a component corresponding to the switch 4 when the configuration shown in FIG. 4 described later is reconfigured for reception).

According to this signal synthesizing means, the phase of one of the signals output from the amplifying means is adjusted to 90 by the fixed phase shifter.
The other signal output from the amplifying means and delayed by the degree is supplied to the 90-degree hybrid as it is. The 90-degree hybrid outputs a signal corresponding to the polarization direction from one output unit when, for example, the phase of the signal input from the amplifying unit is delayed by 90 degrees from the signal input from the fixed phase shifter. . Also,
The 90-degree hybrid is, for example, such that the phase of the signal input from the fixed phase shifter is 90
If it is delayed by a degree, a signal corresponding to the polarization direction is output from the other output unit. The switch switches and outputs a signal corresponding to the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave based on a switching signal for switching the polarization direction.

After all, when the signal output from the amplifying means to the 90-degree hybrid is delayed by 180 degrees from the signal output from the amplifying means to the fixed phase shifter (reverse phase relationship). Or, when the phase of the signal output from the amplifying means to the fixed phase shifter is the same as the phase of the signal output from the amplifying means to the 90-degree hybrid (in-phase relationship), the polarization of the received electromagnetic wave is A signal corresponding to the direction is obtained.

The electromagnetic wave generating means is, for example, a plurality of probes (for example, described later) which are arranged so that the electromagnetic wave components are orthogonal to each other and respectively generate the electromagnetic wave components based on the branch signals output from the signal branching means. (Components corresponding to the probes 8, 9 or the probes 8a, 9a). These probes 8, 9
For example, they are arranged at a predetermined installation angle so that the electromagnetic waves obtained by combining the electromagnetic wave components generated by the probes are horizontally polarized or vertically polarized. According to this electromagnetic wave generation means, each probe is excited by each branch signal output from the signal branching means, and generates mutually orthogonal electromagnetic wave components.

The electromagnetic wave generating means is arranged, for example, so as to face the plurality of probes (for example, components corresponding to probes 8a and 9a to be described later), and excites the plurality of probes in opposite phases. It further includes a plurality of probes (for example, components corresponding to probes 8b and 9b described later), and these probes are symmetrically arranged with respect to a predetermined axis (for example, an element corresponding to axis J described later) in the output direction of the electromagnetic wave. It is composed. According to this electromagnetic wave generation means, the distribution of the electromagnetic field becomes symmetrical with respect to the predetermined axis in the output direction of the electromagnetic wave, and the disturbance of the electromagnetic wave by the probe is suppressed.

The signal inducing means is arranged, for example, so as to couple to each electromagnetic wave component orthogonal to each other of the input electromagnetic wave, and a plurality of probes (for example, probes 80, 90 (components equivalent to 90). According to this signal guiding means, each probe receives each electromagnetic wave component orthogonal to each other and guides a signal corresponding to each electromagnetic wave component. Therefore, signals of the respective electromagnetic wave components orthogonal to each other are induced by the electromagnetic waves including the respective electromagnetic wave components.

The electromagnetic wave input / output means is arranged, for example, so that each electromagnetic wave component is orthogonal to each other, and a plurality of transmission signals for exciting each of the electromagnetic wave components based on each branch signal output from the signal branching means. A probe (for example, constituent elements corresponding to probes 8 and 9 described later) and a plurality of receiving electromagnetic waves are arranged so as to be coupled to electromagnetic wave components orthogonal to each other of the input electromagnetic wave and guide signals corresponding to these electromagnetic wave components. (For example, constituent elements corresponding to probes 80 and 90 described later). According to this electromagnetic wave input / output means, each probe is excited by each branch signal output from the signal branching means at the time of transmission to generate mutually orthogonal electromagnetic wave components, and at the time of reception, each of the mutually orthogonal electromagnetic wave components. Input and induce a signal corresponding to each electromagnetic wave component.

The electromagnetic wave input / output means includes, for example, the transmitting probe (for example, components corresponding to probes 8 and 9 described later) and the receiving probe (for example, components corresponding to probes 80 and 90 described later). Are arranged symmetrically with respect to a predetermined axis (for example, an element corresponding to an axis J described later) in the input / output direction of the electromagnetic wave. According to the electromagnetic wave input / output means, the distribution of the electromagnetic field becomes symmetrical with respect to the predetermined axis in the input / output direction of the electromagnetic wave, and the disturbance of the electromagnetic wave by the probe is suppressed.

The above-described invention can be paraphrased as follows, for example. That is, the present invention provides, for example, probes that respectively couple to orthogonal electromagnetic wave components of a waveguide or a patch antenna, amplifiers connected to each of the probes, a 180-degree hybrid connected to the amplifier, and the 180-degree hybrid. A switch connected to a hybrid, and by equalizing the length of the transmission path from the 180-degree hybrid to the probe via the amplifier, the phase relationship of the probe is in-phase or out-of-phase. I do.

The present invention also provides, for example, a probe coupled to orthogonal electromagnetic wave components of a waveguide or a patch antenna, an amplifier connected to each of the probes, and a 90-degree hybrid connected to the amplifier. A switch connected to the 90-degree hybrid, and using a fixed phase shifter or a transmission line of a different length, one of the transmission lines from the 90-degree hybrid to the probe through the amplifier is more than the other. By delaying the probe by 90 degrees, the phase relationship between the probes is set to be the same or opposite. Further, for example, two sets of transmitting and receiving apparatuses to which the present invention is applied may be used, and two sets of transmitting and receiving probes may be installed at symmetrical positions.

As described above, one of the main features of the present invention is that a 180-degree hybrid is connected to the switch and the phase relationship between the probes is in-phase or out-of-phase. Here, by making the lengths of the transmission paths of the respective branch signals from the 180-degree hybrid to the probe equal, it is possible to suppress the phase shift occurring between the respective branch signals due to the length of the transmission paths. You may.

Also, according to the present invention, a 90-degree hybrid is connected to a switch, and one of transmission lines from the 90-degree hybrid to a probe via an amplifier is connected to the probe using a fixed phase shifter or a transmission line having a different length. One of the main features is that the phase relationship between the probes is made in phase or out of phase by being delayed by 90 degrees from the other. Here, by equalizing the lengths of the transmission paths of the respective branch signals from the 90-degree hybrid to the probe, a phase shift generated between the branch signals due to the length of the transmission paths is suppressed. Is also good. In the present invention, the input signal is split into two split signals by the signal splitting means.
The concept includes generating two signals having a predetermined phase relationship from an input signal.

[0045]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In each of the drawings, common elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted as appropriate. <Embodiment 1> FIGS. 1 and 2 show the configuration of a linear polarization sharing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, which is applied to a transmission device. 1 and 2, reference numeral 6 denotes a signal terminal to which a transmission signal output from a transmission device (not shown) is provided. Reference numeral 4 denotes a switch for switching between horizontal polarization and vertical polarization based on a switching signal K for switching the polarization direction. The switch 4 has fixed contacts a and b and a movable contact c connected to the signal terminal 6, and the movable contact c is connected to one of the fixed contacts a and b according to the switching signal K. It has become.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a 180-degree hybrid, which outputs two signals having signals input to the fixed contacts a and b of the switch 4 and two signals having the same or opposite phase relationship with each other. It has two output sections and, together with the switch 4 described above, constitutes a signal branching means for branching an input signal supplied to the signal terminal 6 into two signals having the same phase or opposite phases according to the switching signal K. Reference numerals 10a and 10b denote amplifiers, which constitute amplifying means for amplifying the two branch signals output from the 180-degree hybrid 11, respectively.

In the first embodiment, when the movable contact c of the switch 4 is connected to the fixed contact a, the 180-degree hybrid 11 changes the phase of the signal output to the amplifier 10a to the signal output to the amplifier 10b. When the movable contact c of the switch 4 is connected to the fixed contact b, the two branched signals having opposite phases are output by delaying by 180 degrees with respect to each other. Are output.

In order to obtain two branch signals having phases opposite to each other, it is not always necessary to delay the phase of the signal output to the amplifier 10a, but to delay the phase of the signal output to the amplifier 10b. Alternatively, the phase delay amount may be set to an integral multiple of 180 degrees as necessary.

Reference numerals 8 and 9 denote probes, and the amplifier 1
Each of the signals from Oa and 10b is excited to generate an electromagnetic wave. Here, the probes 8 and 9 are installed in a circular waveguide 1B constituting the primary radiator 1 described later, and each of the probes 8 and 9 detects TE1 of an electromagnetic wave propagating in the circular waveguide.
The electromagnetic wave component in the direction inclined at +45 degrees (or +225 degrees) from the X axis of one mode is combined with the electromagnetic wave component in the direction inclined at -45 degrees (or -225 degrees), and is perpendicular to the tube wall of the circular waveguide. Thus, they are attached at the installation angles θ = + 45 degrees and −45 degrees, respectively.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a primary radiator such as a waveguide, as shown in FIG. 2, which is composed of a conical horn 1A and a circular waveguide 1B that are open in the radiation direction of electromagnetic waves. For example, a patch antenna can be used as the primary radiator 1. The primary radiator 1 includes the above-described probes 8, 9
At the same time, an electromagnetic wave generating means for generating an electromagnetic wave based on the signals amplified by the amplifiers 10a and 10b and combining them as a transmission wave is configured.

Hereinafter, the operation of the linear polarization sharing device according to the first embodiment will be described. First, the operation for generating horizontal polarization will be described. In this case, the movable contact c of the switch 4 is connected to the fixed contact b by the switching signal K. In this state, when a transmission device (not shown) supplies a transmission signal to the signal terminal 6, the transmission signal is supplied as an input signal to the 180-degree hybrid 11 via the movable contact c and the fixed contact b of the switch 4.

When an input signal is input from the fixed contact b side of the switch 4, the 180-degree hybrid 11 separates the signal into two branch signals having the same phase relationship with each other, and
a and 10b. Amplifiers 10a, 10b
When the in-phase branch signals are respectively input from the 180-degree hybrid 11, these branch signals are amplified to a predetermined transmission power and supplied to the probes 8 and 9, respectively. When signals are supplied from the amplifiers 10a and 10b, the probes 8 and 9 are excited in phase to generate electromagnetic waves. The electromagnetic waves generated from these probes 8 and 9 are combined in the circular waveguide of the primary radiator 1 and the direction of the electric field is TE11.
The linear or horizontal polarization in the X-axis direction of the mode is
Radiated from the primary radiator 1.

Here, the principle of generating the horizontally polarized waves by combining the electromagnetic waves generated by the probes 8 and 9 will be described with reference to FIG. In the first embodiment,
When generating horizontally polarized waves, signals in phase with each other are supplied to the probes 8 and 9, so that the direction of the electric field generated by each of the probes 8 and 9 is outward if one is outward, and the other is outward. Also, if one is inward, the other is also inward.

FIG. 3A shows the relationship between vectors representing the directions of the electric fields when the directions of the electric fields generated by the probes 8 and 9 are both outward. A vector V8 (+) representing -135 degrees with the positive direction of the X-axis of the TE11 mode, and a vector V9 (+) representing the direction of the electric field generated by the probe 9 is +135 degrees with the positive direction of the X-axis. And the magnitudes of these vectors are the same. Therefore, in this case, the direction of the vector VH (+) obtained by combining the vectors V8 (+) and V9 (+) coincides with the positive direction of the X-axis in the TE11 mode.

FIG. 3B shows the relationship between the vectors representing the directions of the electric fields when the directions of the electric fields generated by the probes 8 and 9 are both inward. The vector V8 (-) represents +45 degrees with respect to the positive direction of the X-axis in the TE11 mode, and the vector V9 (-) representing the direction of the electric field generated by the probe 9 is X
It forms -45 degrees with the positive direction of the axis, and the magnitudes of these vectors are the same. Therefore, in this case, the direction of the vector VH (-) obtained by combining the vectors V8 (-) and V9 (-) matches the negative direction in the X-axis direction of the TE11 mode.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, when the probes 8 and 9 are excited in phase, the direction of the electric field of the transmission wave obtained by combining the electromagnetic waves generated by these probes is The X-axis direction of the TE11 mode is set, and as a result, a horizontally polarized transmission wave is generated.

Next, the operation for generating vertical polarization will be described. In this case, the movable contact c of the switch 4 is connected to the fixed contact a by the switching signal K. In this state, when a transmission signal is applied to the signal terminal 6 from a transmission device (not shown), the transmission signal is input as an input signal via the movable contact c and the fixed contact a of the switch 4 to the 180-degree hybrid 11.
Given to.

When the input signal is input from the fixed contact a side of the switch 4, the 180-degree hybrid 11 splits the input signal into two branch signals having a phase relationship opposite to each other, and outputs them to the amplifiers 10a and 10b, respectively. Amplifiers 10a, 10b
When the phase signals of the opposite phases are input from the 180-degree hybrid 11, the signals are amplified to predetermined transmission power and supplied to the probes 8 and 9, respectively. When signals are supplied from the amplifiers 10a and 10b, the probes 8 and 9 are excited in opposite phases to generate electromagnetic waves. The electromagnetic waves generated from these probes 8 and 9 are combined in the circular waveguide of the primary radiator 1 and the direction of the electric field is TE.
The light is converted into 11-mode linearly polarized light in the Y-axis direction, that is, vertically polarized light, and radiated from the primary radiator 1.

Here, the principle of generating the vertically polarized waves by combining the electromagnetic waves generated by the respective probes 8 and 9 will be described with reference to FIG. In the first embodiment,
When vertically polarized waves are generated, signals of phases opposite to each other are supplied to the probes 8 and 9, so that the directions of the electric fields generated by the probes 8 and 9 are such that if one is outward, the other is inward. Become.

FIG. 4A shows the relationship between vectors representing the directions of the electric fields when the direction of the electric field generated by the probe 8 is outward and the direction of the electric field generated by the probe 9 is inward. The vector V8 (+) representing the direction of the electric field generated by the probe 8 has a positive direction of the X-axis in the TE11 mode and −
A vector V9 (-) that forms 135 degrees and represents the direction of the electric field generated by the probe 9 is represented by the positive direction of the X axis and -4
5 degrees, and the magnitudes of these vectors are the same. Therefore, in this case, the vectors V8 (+) and V9
The direction of the vector VV (−) obtained by synthesizing (−) matches the negative direction of the Y-axis in the TE11 mode.

FIG. 3B shows the relationship between the vectors representing the directions of the electric fields when the direction of the electric field generated by the probe 8 is inward and the direction of the electric field generated by the probe 9 is outward. The vector V8 (-) representing the direction of the electric field generated by the probe 8 is defined by the positive direction of the X-axis of the TE11 mode and +
A vector V9 (+) which forms 45 degrees and indicates the direction of the electric field generated by the probe 9 has a positive direction of X-axis and +13.
5 degrees, and the magnitudes of these vectors are the same. Therefore, in this case, the vectors V8 (-) and V9
The direction of the vector VV (+) obtained by synthesizing (+) matches the positive direction of the Y-axis in the TE11 mode.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, when the probes 8 and 9 are excited in opposite phases, the direction of the electric field of the transmission wave obtained by combining the electromagnetic waves generated by these probes is obtained. Are formed along the Y axis of the TE11 mode, and as a result, a vertically polarized transmission wave is generated.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, the 180-degree hybrid 11 generates in-phase or out-of-phase signals, and these signals are amplified by the amplifier 10.
Electromagnetic waves are generated by the probes 8 and 9 based on the signals obtained by amplifying the signals at a and 10b, and these electromagnetic wave components are combined in the tube of the primary radiator 1 to generate linearly polarized waves. Therefore, the signal amplified by the amplifier directly excites the probe, and loss of transmission power after amplification can be effectively suppressed. Also, since the electromagnetic waves generated based on the signals from the amplifiers 10a and 10b are combined to obtain a linearly polarized wave, an amplifier having a large gain or output power is not required, and each amplifier can be operated effectively. No wasteful power consumption.

The first embodiment has been described above by taking the case of application to a transmission apparatus as an example. However, the present invention can be applied to a reception apparatus by exchanging the connection directions of amplifiers 10a and 10b in the configurations shown in FIGS. It can also be configured as follows. In this case, the primary radiator 1 and the probes 8 and 9 function as signal guiding means for inputting electromagnetic waves propagating in the air and guiding signals corresponding to respective electromagnetic wave components orthogonal to each other, and the amplifiers whose connection directions are switched. 10
a, 10b function as amplifying means for amplifying each of the induced signals, the 180-degree hybrid 11 and the switch 4
Functions as signal combining means for combining the amplified signals.

<Second Preferred Embodiment> Next, a linearly polarized light sharing device according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIGS. 5 and 6 show the configuration of a linear polarization sharing device according to the second embodiment, which is applied to a transmission device. As shown in the drawing, the linear polarization sharing device according to the second embodiment is different from the device configuration according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 13, a fixed phase shifter 12 for delaying the signal phase by 90 degrees between the 90-degree hybrid 13 and the amplifier 10b. Here, the 90-degree hybrid 13 has two input units for inputting signals appearing at the fixed contacts a and b of the switch 4;
It has two output sections for outputting two branch signals having phases different from each other by 90 degrees, and includes a switcher 4 and a fixed phase shifter 12.
Together, they constitute signal branching means. That is, the fixed phase shifter 12
The portion where the and the 90-degree hybrid 13 are combined has the same function as the 180-degree hybrid 11 according to the first embodiment.

In the second embodiment, when the movable contact c of the switch 4 is connected to the fixed contact a and a signal is input to one input portion of the 90-degree hybrid, the 90-degree hybrid 13 is connected to the amplifier 10a. The phase of the signal output to the fixed phase shifter 12 is delayed by 90 degrees with respect to the output signal, and the movable contact c of the switch 4 is connected to the fixed contact b so that the other input section of the 90-degree hybrid is connected. , The phase of the signal output to the amplifier 10a is delayed by 90 degrees with respect to the signal output to the fixed phase shifter 12.

Hereinafter, the operation of the linear polarization sharing device according to the second embodiment will be described. First, the operation for generating horizontal polarization will be described. In this case, the movable contact c of the switch 4 is connected to the fixed contact b by the switching signal K. In this state, when a transmission signal is provided from the transmission device (not shown) to the signal terminal 6, the transmission signal is input to one input portion of the 90-degree hybrid 13 via the movable contact c and the fixed contact b of the switch 4 as an input signal. Given.

When a signal is input from the fixed contact b side of the switch 4, the 90-degree hybrid 13 branches the signal and changes the phase of the signal output to the amplifier 10 a with respect to the signal output to the fixed phase shifter 12 by 90 degrees. The two branch signals are output with a delay of only one degree. Here, the signal applied to the fixed phase shifter 12 is output to the amplifier 10b with a phase delayed by 90 degrees. As a result, the signal input to the amplifier 10a and the signal input to the amplifier 10b have the same phase. Therefore, in this case, the probes 8 and 9 are fed in phase, and the primary radiator 1 emits horizontally polarized waves.

Next, the operation for generating vertical polarization will be described. In this case, the movable contact c of the switch 4 is connected to the fixed contact a by a switching signal. In this state, when a transmission signal is given from the transmission device (not shown) to the signal terminal 6,
This transmission signal is provided as an input signal to the other input section of the 90-degree hybrid 13 via the movable contact c and the fixed contact a of the switch 4.

When a signal is input from the fixed contact a side of the switch 4, the 90-degree hybrid 13 branches the signal and changes the phase of the signal output to the fixed phase shifter 12 to the signal output to the amplifier 10 a by 90 degrees. The two branch signals are output with a delay of only one degree. Here, the signal supplied to the fixed phase shifter 12 is further delayed by 90 degrees in phase, and
Is output to As a result, the phase of the signal input to the amplifier 10b is 1 with respect to the signal input to the amplifier 10a.
Late by 80 degrees. Therefore, in this case, the probes 8 and 9 are fed in opposite phases, and the primary radiator 1 emits vertically polarized waves.

The second embodiment has been described above by taking as an example the case where the present invention is applied to a transmitting apparatus. However, the present invention can be applied to a receiving apparatus by exchanging the connection directions of amplifiers 10a and 10b in the configurations shown in FIGS. It can also be configured as follows. In this case, the primary radiator 1 and the probes 8 and 9 function as signal guiding means for inputting electromagnetic waves propagating in the air and guiding signals corresponding to respective electromagnetic wave components orthogonal to each other, and the amplifiers whose connection directions are switched. 10
a and 10b function as amplifying means for amplifying each signal induced by the inducing means, and the fixed phase shifter 12, the 90-degree hybrid 13 and the switch 4 are signals for synthesizing the signals amplified by the amplifying means. Functions as a combining means.

Third Embodiment Next, a linear polarization sharing device according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 show the configuration of the linear polarization sharing device according to the third embodiment. As shown in the figure, this device is different from the configuration according to the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 in that a probe 8a corresponding to the probe 8 and a probe 9a
9a, and these probes 8a, 9a
The probes 8b and 9b facing each other are the primary radiator 1
The probe 8a and the probe 8b form a pair, and the probe 9a and the probe 9b form a pair. These probes have a central axis J in the output direction of the electromagnetic wave of the primary radiator 1.
With respect to the inside of the circular waveguide 1B (or inside the conical horn)
Are arranged symmetrically.

A power divider 15a is provided at the output of the amplifier 10a. One output of the power divider 15a is provided to the probe 8a, and the other output is a fixed phase shifter which causes a phase delay of 180 degrees. The signal is supplied to the probe 8b via the device 14a (or a transmission line having a length of 1/4 of the signal wavelength). A power divider 15b is provided at the output of the amplifier 10b. One output of the power divider 15b is provided to the probe 8b, and the other output has a fixed phase shifter 14b (or signal) that causes a phase delay of 180 degrees. (A transmission path having a length of ４ wavelength). Here, a portion where the fixed phase shifter 12 and the 90-degree hybrid 13 are combined has the same function as the 180-degree hybrid 11 according to the first embodiment.

The operation of the linear polarization sharing device according to the third embodiment will be described below. This device operates in the same way as in the second embodiment described above for the system from the signal terminal 6 to the amplifiers 10a and 10b. In addition, the power distributor 15
Probes 8a and 8b supplied with power by amplifiers 10a and 10b via a and 15b also operate in the same manner as probes 8 and 9 according to the second embodiment.

According to the third embodiment, the amplifier 10
After the outputs of a and 10b are divided by power dividers 15a and 15b, the phases are delayed by 180 degrees by fixed phase shifters 14a and 14b, and are supplied to probes 8b and 9b, respectively. As a result, the probes 8b and 9b are excited in the opposite phase with respect to the probes 8a and 9a. Therefore, for example, when the direction of the electric field generated by the probe 8a is outward, the direction of the electric field generated by the probe 8b is inward. Here, since the probe 8a and the probe 8b are arranged to face each other, the directions of the electric fields generated by the probes 8a and 8b match. The same is true for probe 9
The same can be said for the electric field generated by a and 9b.

As described above, in the third embodiment, of the four probes arranged symmetrically in the tube of the primary radiator 1, the direction of the electric field generated by the paired probes facing each other is generated. Are matched. Thereby, the symmetry of the electromagnetic field distribution excited by the probe into the waveguide is improved, and the disturbance of the excitation electromagnetic field distribution due to the insertion of the probe into the waveguide can be suppressed.

The third embodiment has been described above by taking as an example the case where the present invention is applied to a transmitting apparatus. In the configuration shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the connection directions of the amplifiers 10a and 10b are switched, and the power distributor 15a is used. , 15b, a power combiner that combines the signal powers guided to each pair of probes may be employed so as to be applicable to the receiving apparatus. In this case, the primary radiator 1, the probes 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, and the above-described power combiner function as signal inducing means, and the amplifiers 10a, 10b whose connection directions have been switched function as amplifying means, and have a fixed phase shift. Vessel 1
The 2 / 90-degree hybrid 13 and the switch 4 function as signal synthesizing means.

<Fourth Embodiment> Next, a linear polarization sharing device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. 9 and 10 show the configuration of the linear polarization sharing device according to the third embodiment. This device is configured to be applicable to a transmitting device and a receiving device. As shown in the figure, in addition to the configuration according to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 for receiving the
0, 90 and an amplifier 100 for amplifying a received signal.
a, 100b and 1 for synthesizing the amplified signals.
An 80-degree hybrid 110 and a switch 40 are further provided, and the primary radiator 1 and the probes 8, 9, 80,
90 constitutes an electromagnetic wave input / output means.

Hereinafter, the operation of the linear polarization sharing device according to the fourth embodiment will be described focusing on the reception operation. First, when a horizontally polarized electromagnetic wave is received, the switch 4
The 0 movable contact c is connected to the fixed contact b. In this state,
When an electromagnetic wave propagating in the air is input to the primary radiator 1,
The probe 8 has an electric field vector V8 shown in FIG.
A signal is induced in response to an electromagnetic wave component having an electric field component corresponding to (+) and V8 (-). On the other hand, the probe 9
The electric field vectors V9 (+) and V9 (-) shown in FIG.
A signal is induced in response to an electromagnetic wave component having an electric field component corresponding to.

The amplifiers 100a and 100b are connected to the probe 8
The signals respectively guided to 0 and 90 are amplified and given to the 180-degree hybrid 110. 180 degree hybrid 1
10 combines the signals from the amplifiers 100a and 100b as signals to be obtained from electromagnetic waves having the electric field vectors VH (+) and (-) shown in FIG.
0 is supplied to the fixed terminal b. In the switch 40, the fixed contact b
Is in a state of being connected to the movable contact c.
The signal from the 0-degree hybrid 110 is provided to the signal terminal 60 via the switch 40, and is output to a receiving device (not shown).

Next, when receiving a vertically polarized electromagnetic wave,
The movable contact c of the switch 40 is connected to the fixed contact a. In this state, when an electromagnetic wave propagating in the air is input to the primary radiator 1, the probe 8 generates an electromagnetic wave component having an electric field component corresponding to the electric field vectors V8 (+) and V8 (-) shown in FIG. Induce a signal in response to Probe 9
Are the electric field vectors V9 (+), V9 shown in FIG.
A signal is induced in response to an electromagnetic wave component having an electric field component corresponding to (-).

The amplifiers 100a and 100b are connected to the probe 8
The signal guided to 0,90 is amplified and given to the 180-degree hybrid 110. The 180 degree hybrid 110
Each amplified signal is converted to an electric field vector VV shown in FIG.
The signal is synthesized as a signal to be obtained from an electromagnetic wave having (+) and (-), and is supplied to a fixed terminal a of the switch 40.
In the switching device 40, since the fixed contact a is connected to the movable contact c, the signal from the 180-degree hybrid 110 is given to the signal terminal 60 via the switching device 40 and output to the receiving device (not shown). Is done.

According to the fourth embodiment, as in the third embodiment, the four probes are arranged symmetrically with respect to the central axis J in the tube of the primary radiator 1, so that the electromagnetic field distribution in the tube And the disturbance of the excitation field distribution caused by the probe inserted into the waveguide (or the probe attached to the patch) can be reduced.

As described above, according to each of the above-described embodiments, the amplifier is disposed between the switch and the probe, and the probe is directly connected to the output of the amplifier. Loss or deterioration of the characteristics of the received signal can be suppressed to a small level. Moreover, since two orthogonally polarized waves are always generated using both amplifiers, the two amplifiers are always in an effective operating state, and there is an advantage that unnecessary power consumption does not occur.

Also, since signal amplification is always performed using both amplifiers, there is an advantage that the load per probe and amplifier is reduced. That is, in general, when trying to increase the output power of the amplifier, the rate of increase in cost becomes larger than the rate of increase in output power. On the other hand, according to the apparatus according to each of the embodiments of the present invention described above, the withstand power required per probe and the output power and gain required per amplifier are halved. Therefore, according to the apparatus of this embodiment, by using two amplifiers having small output power, it is possible to effectively suppress a rise in cost and obtain a transmission wave having large output power. Furthermore, since the transmission power loss of the amplifier is suppressed to a low level, it is possible to use an amplifier or a probe having better characteristics than the conventional device or an inexpensive amplifier or a probe, and it is also possible to obtain a higher gain. Become.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and the present invention can be applied to any design change or the like without departing from the gist of the present invention. included. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the apparatus is configured to be applicable to transmission and reception of horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, but, for example, the mounting angle of each probe,
By appropriately setting the amount of delay of the signal phase in the hybrid, it is possible to configure so as to be applicable to transmission and reception of electromagnetic waves having other polarization directions.

The switches 4 and 40 may be configured mechanically or electronically. By using an electronic switch,
The weight, size, cost, etc. of the device can be further reduced. Further, in each of the above embodiments,
Although the device is configured using a hybrid having two input units and two output units, the specifications of each hybrid may be appropriately selected according to the design specifications. In addition, the signal branching unit and the signal combining unit may be configured by replacing the hybrid, the switch, and the like with another element as long as a signal having a necessary phase relationship can be generated without being limited to the hybrid. .

[0088]

As described above, according to the present invention, the following main effects can be obtained. That is, the input signal is branched, two branch signals having either the same phase or the opposite phase are generated according to the set polarization direction, each branch signal is amplified, and each amplified branch signal is amplified. Generate electromagnetic waves based on
Since these electromagnetic waves are combined, transmission power loss can be suppressed, wasteful power consumption can be suppressed, and a transmission linear polarization shared device that can be realized at low cost can be obtained.

Also, since an electromagnetic wave propagating in the air is input, a signal corresponding to each electromagnetic wave component orthogonal to each other is induced, each induced signal is amplified, and each amplified signal is synthesized. It is possible to suppress the characteristic degradation of the received signal, suppress the wasteful consumption of power, and obtain a linear polarization sharing device for reception that can be realized at low cost.

Further, the input signal is branched to generate two branch signals having either the in-phase or the anti-phase according to the set polarization direction, amplify each branch signal, and amplify the amplified signals. Electromagnetic waves are generated based on each branch signal, these electromagnetic waves are synthesized, and electromagnetic waves propagating in the air are input, signals corresponding to each electromagnetic wave component orthogonal to each other are induced, and each induced signal is amplified. Since the amplified signals are combined, loss of transmission power and deterioration of characteristics of a received signal can be suppressed, and wasteful power consumption can be suppressed. A wave sharing device can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a linear polarization sharing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of the dual-polarization device according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the principle of the operation (horizontal polarization) of the linear polarization sharing device according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the principle of operation (vertical polarization) of the linear-polarization sharing device according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a linear polarization sharing device according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of a dual-polarization device according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a linear polarization sharing device according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of a dual-polarization device according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a linear polarization sharing device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of a dual-polarization device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a linear polarization sharing device according to the related art.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: primary radiator 1A: conical horn 1B: circular waveguide 4, 40: switch 6: signal terminal (for input) 8, 8a, 8b, 80, 9, 9a, 9b, 90: probe 10a, 10b, 100a, 100b: Amplifier 11: 180 degree hybrid 12: Fixed phase shifter (90 degree) 13: 90 degree hybrid 14a14b: Fixed phase shifter (180 degree) 15a, 15b: Power distributor 60: Signal terminal (for output) K: switching signal V8 (+), V8 (-), V9 (+), V9 (-), V
H (+), VH (-), VV (+), VV (-): Vector indicating the direction of the electric field

Claims (12)

[Claims] An input signal is split and has a phase relationship of either in-phase or out-of-phase according to a set polarization direction.
Signal branching means for obtaining two branch signals; amplifying means for amplifying each branch signal obtained by the signal branching means; generating electromagnetic waves based on each of the branch signals amplified by the amplifying means, and combining these electromagnetic waves And an electromagnetic wave generating means for outputting an electromagnetic wave polarized in the polarization direction. 2. A signal inducing means for inputting electromagnetic waves propagating in the air and inducing signals corresponding to respective electromagnetic wave components orthogonal to each other, an amplifying means for amplifying each signal guided by said signal inducing means, And a signal combining unit that combines the signals amplified by the amplifying unit and obtains a signal corresponding to the electromagnetic wave. 3. An input signal is branched to have a phase relationship of either in-phase or out-of-phase according to a set polarization direction.
Signal branching means for obtaining two branch signals; first amplifying means for amplifying each branch signal obtained by the signal branching means; and an electromagnetic wave based on each branch signal amplified by the first amplifying means. And an electromagnetic wave input / output unit that combines these electromagnetic waves and outputs an electromagnetic wave polarized in the polarization direction, receives an electromagnetic wave propagating in the air, and induces a signal corresponding to each electromagnetic wave component orthogonal to each other. A second amplifying means for amplifying each signal guided to the electromagnetic wave input / output means, and combining the respective signals amplified by the second amplifier means, according to the electromagnetic wave input to the electromagnetic wave input / output means And a signal synthesizing means for obtaining a signal obtained by using the linear polarization. 4. The signal branching unit has an input unit to which the input signal is given and two output units, and based on a switching signal for switching the polarization direction, converts the input signal to an output signal of the output unit. A switch for switching to any one of the switches, and two input units respectively connected to the output unit of the switch, and when the input signal is given to one of these input units, the two branch signals A 180-degree hybrid that outputs a signal having an in-phase relationship and outputs a signal having an opposite-phase relationship as the two branch signals when the input signal is given to the other of the input units; The dual-polarization device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: 5. The signal branching unit, comprising: an input unit to which the input signal is applied, and two output units, wherein the signal branching unit converts the input signal to one of the output units based on a switching signal for switching the polarization direction. A switching device for switching and outputting the two branch signals when the input signal is supplied to one of the input portions. One phase is delayed by 90 degrees with respect to the other side, and the other phase of the two branch signals is delayed by 90 degrees with respect to one side when the input signal is supplied to the other of these input sections. The straight line according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: a degree hybrid; and a fixed phase shifter that delays the phase of one branch signal output from the 90 degree hybrid by 90 degrees. Wave shared device. 6. The signal synthesizing means has two input parts and two output parts to which respective signals from the amplifying means are given, and each signal from the amplifying means has an in-phase phase relationship. And outputting a signal corresponding to the polarization direction from one of the output units, and responding to the polarization direction from the other of the output units when the signals from the amplifying unit have a phase relationship of opposite phases. 18 to output the signal
A 0-degree hybrid, and two input units and one output unit connected to each output unit of the 180-degree hybrid, and one of the two input units based on a switching signal for switching a polarization direction. 4. The linear polarization sharing device according to claim 2, further comprising: a switch for switching and outputting the signal given to the output unit to the output unit. 7. The fixed phase shifter for delaying the phase of one signal output from the amplifying means by 90 degrees, and the other signal output from the amplifying means and the fixed phase shifter. From the two inputs and 2 respectively given the signals from
A signal corresponding to the polarization direction from one of the output units when the phase of the signal supplied to one of the two input units is delayed by 90 degrees with respect to the other side. And, when the phase of the signal given to the other of the two input sections is delayed by 90 degrees with respect to one side, a signal corresponding to the polarization direction is output from the other of the output sections. A 90-degree hybrid, comprising two input units and one output unit connected to each output unit of the 90-degree hybrid, and one of the two input units based on a switching signal for switching a polarization direction 4. The linear polarization sharing device according to claim 2, further comprising: a switch for switching and outputting the signal given to the output unit to the output unit. 8. The electromagnetic wave generating means includes a plurality of probes arranged so that the electromagnetic wave components are orthogonal to each other, and respectively generates the electromagnetic wave components based on the branch signals output from the signal branching means. The linear polarization sharing device according to claim 1, wherein: 9. The electromagnetic wave generating means further includes a plurality of probes arranged so as to face the plurality of probes and respectively exciting the plurality of probes in opposite phases. 9. The linearly polarized light sharing device according to claim 8, wherein the devices are arranged symmetrically with respect to a predetermined axis in the output direction. 10. The signal guiding means includes a plurality of probes arranged so as to be coupled to respective mutually orthogonal electromagnetic wave components of an input electromagnetic wave, and for guiding a signal corresponding to each of the electromagnetic wave components. The linear polarization shared device according to claim 2. 11. The electromagnetic wave input / output means, wherein a plurality of electromagnetic wave components are arranged so as to be orthogonal to each other, and a plurality of transmission signals for exciting each of the electromagnetic wave components based on each of the branch signals output from the signal branching means. A probe, and a plurality of receiving probes arranged so as to be coupled to the respective electromagnetic wave components orthogonal to each other of the input electromagnetic wave, and for inducing a signal corresponding to each of the electromagnetic wave components. 3. The dual-polarization device according to 3. 12. The electromagnetic wave input / output means, wherein the transmitting probe and the receiving probe are arranged symmetrically with respect to a predetermined axis in an electromagnetic wave input / output direction. Linear polarization shared device.