JPH07321540A - Primary radiator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a primary radiator capable of reducing cost by improving a cross polarization ratio and decreasing the length of an input circuit to a signal processing circuit provided in a dielectric board from a circular waveguide thereby simplifying the structure thereof. CONSTITUTION:This primary radiator is provided with a circular waveguide 2 provided with a termination face 5 having a connection slot 6, a square waveguide 7 directed in crossing with the circular waveguide 2 and to which the slot 6 is bonded so as to be placed to a corner of a bonding face 13 and whose both ends are used for termination faces, a dielectric plate 8 provided in crossing with a square waveguide 7 to an outer side face of the circular waveguide 2, a probe 3 fitted nearly perpendicularly onto the dielectric plate 8, inserted to the center of the circular waveguide 2 and arranged in parallel with the lengthwise direction of the slot 6, and a probe 9 provided onto the dielectric plate 8 in parallel with the dielectric plate 8 and inserted to the inside from the bonding face 13 of the square waveguide 7.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a microwave receiver, and more particularly to a primary radiator capable of receiving radio waves transmitted from satellites.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional primary radiator, as shown in FIG. 5, one end of a circular waveguide 16 is an opening 15, the other end is an end face 19, and probes 17 and 18 are from the end face 19 and so on. The circular waveguide 16 is inserted toward the center of the circular waveguide 16 from the mutually orthogonal directions so that the opening 15
Efficiently introduces linear polarized waves (horizontal polarized waves and vertical polarized waves) into the circular waveguide 16, for example, the horizontal polarized waves are coupled to the probe 18, the vertical polarized waves are coupled to the probe 17, and the probe 17 and Each signal is output from the circular waveguide 16 via the probe 18, and this output is switched and input to the LNB so that the horizontal polarization or the vertical polarization transmitted from the satellite is selected and received. It was Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 6, the probe 21 and the probe 22 are separately mounted along the tube axis direction of the circular waveguide 16, the short-circuit plate 20 is inserted in the middle, and the probe 21 and the probe 22 are introduced into the circular waveguide 16. For the horizontally polarized wave and vertically polarized wave, for example, vertically polarized wave
The signal is short-circuited at 0 and reflected to be coupled to the probe 21, and the horizontally polarized wave is reflected at the terminating surface 19 to be coupled to the probe 22, and signals are output from the circular waveguide 16 via the probe 21 and the probe 22, respectively. , Switch this output to LN
It was input to B and the horizontal polarized wave or the vertical polarized wave transmitted from the satellite was selected and received.

[0003]

However, in the embodiment of FIG. 5, since the probe 17 and the probe 18 are close to each other, the signal processing circuit of the dielectric plate provided outside the circular waveguide 16 is used. It is convenient for receiving processing,
Since the probe 17 and the probe 18 are in close proximity to each other, they interfere with each other and the cross polarization ratio deteriorates. Further, in the embodiment of FIG. 6, the short-circuit plate 20 is provided between the probe 21 and the probe 22, and horizontal polarization and vertical polarization are separated by the short-circuit plate 20, so that the cross polarization ratio is improved. However, the probe 21 and the probe 22
Since the distance between them is large and they are pulled out in the directions orthogonal to each other, when the signal processing circuit provided on one dielectric plate performs reception processing, the connection between the probe and the signal processing circuit becomes long, and therefore the structural There was a problem that it became complicated and the cost increased. The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and improves the cross polarization ratio, and shortens the input circuit from the circular waveguide to the signal processing circuit provided on the dielectric plate and simplifies it. It is an object of the present invention to provide a primary radiator that can reduce the cost by adopting a different structure.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A primary radiator of the first invention of the present application is a circular waveguide having an opening at one end for introducing radio waves and an end face having a connecting slot at the other end. A pipe and a circular waveguide in a direction intersecting with each other, and the slots are joined so that they are located at the corners of the joining surface,
A rectangular waveguide having both ends as termination surfaces, a dielectric plate provided on the outer surface of the circular waveguide in a direction intersecting with the rectangular waveguide, and mounted on the dielectric plate substantially vertically. The
A first probe inserted toward the center of the circular waveguide and arranged on the dielectric plate in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the slot; And a second probe inserted inside from the joining surface of the rectangular waveguide.
The primary radiator of the second invention of the present application is such that a slot provided on an end surface of the circular waveguide passes through a center of the circular waveguide, and a slot of a radio wave propagating in the circular waveguide in a longitudinal direction of the slot. The length of the half-wavelength is set, and the distance between the slot and the first probe is about 1/1 of the electric wave propagating in the circular waveguide.
It is characterized by having a length of 4 wavelengths.

In the primary radiator of the third invention of the present application, the slot is a surface of the rectangular waveguide in the rectangular longitudinal direction, and the longitudinal direction of the slot is parallel to the tube axis of the rectangular waveguide. The second probe is arranged so as to be inserted inside from a substantially central portion in the horizontal direction of the joint surface of the rectangular waveguide,
The distance between one of the end faces of the rectangular waveguide and the second probe is about 1 / m of the electric wave propagating in the rectangular waveguide.
It is characterized by having a length of 4 wavelengths. A primary radiator of a fourth invention of the present application is to provide a circular polarization / linear polarization converter between the opening in the circular waveguide and the first probe, and to provide a right-handed circular polarization from the opening. Left-handed circularly polarized wave is introduced, one of the linearly polarized waves converted by the circularly polarized wave / linearly polarized wave converter is coupled to the first probe, and converted by the circularly polarized wave / linearly polarized wave converter. The other of the linearly polarized waves is output to the rectangular waveguide through the slot and coupled to the second probe, and the right circularly polarized wave is transmitted through the first probe and the second probe. It is characterized by outputting a left-handed circularly polarized signal.

[0006]

As described above, according to the present invention, the first probe is connected to the rectangular waveguide in the direction intersecting with the circular waveguide through the connecting slot provided on the end surface of the circular waveguide. Is inserted in the direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the slot toward the center of the circular waveguide, and the second probe is inserted into the inside of the rectangular waveguide from the joining surface of the rectangular waveguide. With respect to the horizontally polarized wave and the vertically polarized wave introduced at a predetermined angle, the horizontally polarized wave and the vertically polarized wave are separated by a slot, and one of them is divided into the first
And the other is output to the rectangular waveguide through the slot and coupled to the second probe. Therefore, the cross polarization ratio is improved and the circular waveguide is used. The signal can be extracted and input by two probes to the signal processing circuit of the dielectric plate provided on the outer surface of the device so as to intersect with the rectangular waveguide, and the input circuit can be shortened to have a simple structure. Therefore, the cost can be reduced.

A circular polarization / linear polarization converter is provided between the opening in the circular waveguide and the first probe, and right-hand circular polarization and left-hand circular polarization are introduced from the opening, Polarization / linear polarization converter converts the circular polarization introduced into a linear polarization, and one of the converted linear polarization is coupled to the first probe to convert the circular polarization / linear polarization. The other of the linearly polarized waves converted by the device is output to the rectangular waveguide through the slot and coupled to the second probe.
Along with improving the cross polarization ratio, it is possible to take out signals with two probes provided on one dielectric plate and input them to the signal processing circuit provided on the dielectric plate, thus shortening the input circuit. Since the structure can be simple, the cost can be reduced.

[0008]

EXAMPLES Examples will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a primary radiator showing a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the primary radiator of FIG. 1 taken along section line aa. . The circular waveguide 2 is provided at one end with an opening 1 capable of introducing a radio wave, and at the other end is provided with a terminating surface 5 having a connecting slot 6, and the terminating surface 5 is oriented so as to intersect the circular waveguide 2. The rectangular waveguide 7 is joined. The slot 6 provided on the terminal surface 5 passes through the center of the circular waveguide 2 and the longitudinal direction of the slot 6 extends in the longitudinal direction of the circular waveguide 2.
The length of the radio wave propagating inside is about half a wavelength. With respect to the rectangular waveguide 7, the slot 6 deviates from the longitudinal centerline of the joint surface 13 and is close to the upper end of the joint surface 13.
Of the rectangular waveguide 7 and the longitudinal axis of the slot 6 are parallel to each other.

The dielectric plate 8 is provided on the outer surface of the circular waveguide 2 in such a direction as to intersect the rectangular waveguide 7, and the probe 3 is mounted on the dielectric plate 8 substantially perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the slot 6. The probe 9 is inserted in parallel with the center of the circular waveguide 2, the probe 9 is provided on the dielectric plate 8 in the direction parallel to the dielectric plate 8, and the tip of the probe 9 is placed in the rectangular waveguide 7. The joint surface 13 is inserted into the inside from the central portion in the horizontal direction. The probe 9 may be formed by using the copper foil of the dielectric plate 8 or by using another conductor. Circular waveguide 2
It is assumed that a vertically polarized wave having an electric field in a direction parallel to the probe 3 and a horizontally polarized wave having an electric field in a direction orthogonal to the probe 3 are introduced therein. The probe 3 is arranged at a position having a length of about ¼ wavelength of a radio wave propagating in the circular waveguide 2 from the terminal surface 5, and the through hole 4 provided on the side surface of the circular waveguide 2 is passed through the through hole 4. The side wall of 4 is insulated by an insulator and is drawn out of the circular waveguide 2. In the vertically polarized wave, the direction of the electric field is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the slot 6, is reflected by the terminating surface 5 and is efficiently coupled to the probe 3, converted into an electric signal by the probe 3, and converted into an electric signal through the probe 3. It is input to the signal processing circuit provided on the plate 8.

The probe 9 is arranged at a position having a length of about ¼ wavelength of the radio wave propagating in the rectangular waveguide 7 from the end surface 12 of the rectangular waveguide 7, and the joining surface 13 of the rectangular waveguide 7 is arranged. Through the through hole 10 provided in the
Is insulated and is drawn out of the rectangular waveguide 7. In the horizontally polarized wave, the direction of the electric field is orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the slot 6, and since the slot 6 is provided at the corner portion of the joint surface 13 of the rectangular waveguide 7, the rectangular wave is guided through the slot 6. It can be efficiently output to the tube 7. The horizontally polarized wave propagating in the rectangular waveguide 7 is reflected by the terminal surface 12 and thus can be efficiently coupled to the probe 9, converted into an electric signal by the probe 9, and then transmitted through the probe 9 to the dielectric plate 8. Is input to the signal processing circuit provided in. Therefore, since the vertically polarized wave and the horizontally polarized wave are separated by the slot 6, the cross polarization ratio is improved and at the same time, one dielectric plate 8 is formed.
Since the signals can be taken out by the two probes 3 and 9 provided above and directly input to the signal processing circuit provided on the dielectric plate 8, the input circuit can be shortened to have a simple structure. The cost can be reduced.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a primary radiator showing a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a cross section taken along the section line bb of the primary radiator of FIG. It is a figure. In the figure,
The same parts as those shown in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. The difference from the embodiment of FIG. 1 is that a dielectric plate 14 is provided as a circular polarization / linear polarization converter on the opening 1 side in the circular waveguide 2. The dielectric plate 14 is mounted in the circular waveguide 2 between the opening 1 and the probe 3, and the length of the circular waveguide 2 along the tube axis direction is set between linearly polarized components orthogonal to each other of circular polarization. The right-handed circularly polarized wave and the left-handed circularly polarized wave introduced into the circular waveguide 2 can be converted into linearly polarized waves so that the phase difference of 1/4 wavelength can be generated. As shown in FIG. 4, the dielectric plate 14 is arranged so as to pass through the center of the circular waveguide 2 and form an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the longitudinal direction of the probe 3 and the slot 6, and both ends thereof are circular waveguides. It is fixed at the inner wall of 2.

Therefore, the right-handed circularly polarized wave introduced into the circular waveguide 2 is, for example, a circular polarization / linear polarization converter,
And converted into a linearly polarized wave having an electric field in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the slot 6, the left-handed circularly polarized wave is converted into a linearly polarized wave having an electric field in a direction parallel to the longitudinal directions of the probe 3 and the slot 6. As described in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the linearly polarized wave having the electric field in the direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the probe 3 and the slot 6 can be coupled to the probe 3 and the longitudinal direction of the probe 3 and the slot 6. The linearly polarized wave having an electric field in the direction orthogonal to is output to the rectangular waveguide 7 through the slot 6 and can be coupled to the probe 9. Therefore, the polarization converted into the linear polarization by the circular polarization / linear polarization converter is the slot 6 as in the embodiment of FIG.
Since the cross polarization protection ratio is improved, the probes 3 and 9 provided on the single dielectric plate 8 are separated.
Thus, it is possible to take out a desired polarized wave from the circular waveguide 2 and process the signal.

In FIG. 4, the dielectric plate 14 and the probe 3
As for the arrangement with respect to the slot 6, the mounting position of the dielectric plate 14 may be rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise so that the angle with the probe 3 and the slot 6 forms 45 degrees. Further, the embodiment of the 90-degree phase shifter is not limited to the dielectric plate 14, and, for example, the one using a kamaboko-shaped metal mass that is usually used as a 90-degree phase shifter or a ridge is used. You may make it comprised with the thing etc.

[0014]

As described above, when the present invention is applied to the primary radiator for receiving linearly polarized waves, the cross polarization protection ratio between the vertically polarized waves and the horizontally polarized waves is improved, and at the same time, one dielectric material is used. Vertically polarized waves or horizontally polarized waves can be extracted from the circular waveguide by two probes provided on the plate and processed, and if applied to a primary radiator for receiving circularly polarized waves, a right-handed circularly polarized wave can be obtained. The cross polarization protection ratio is improved between the wave and the left-hand circular polarization, and the right-hand circular polarization and the left-hand circular polarization are extracted from the circular waveguide with the two probes provided on one dielectric plate. Since the signal processing can be performed by the signal processing, and therefore the input circuit to the signal processing circuit can be shortened to have a simple structure, it is possible to provide the primary radiator capable of reducing the cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a primary radiator showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a cross-sectional view of the primary radiator of FIG. 1 taken along section line aa.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a primary radiator showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a cross-sectional view of the primary radiator of FIG. 3 taken along section line bb.

FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an example of a conventional primary radiator.

FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing another example of the conventional primary radiator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Opening 2 Circular Waveguide 3 Probe 4 Through Hole 5 End Surface 6 Slot 7 Rectangular Waveguide 8 Dielectric Plate 9 Probe 10 Opening 11 Insulator 12 End Surface 13 Bonding Surface 14 Dielectric Plate

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A circular waveguide having an opening at one end for allowing electric waves to be introduced therein and a terminal surface having a slot for connection at the other end, and a direction that intersects with the circular waveguide. Slots are joined so that they are located at the corners of the joining surface, and a rectangular waveguide having both ends as termination surfaces is provided, and an outer surface of the circular waveguide is provided so as to intersect with the rectangular waveguide. A dielectric plate, and a first plate mounted on the dielectric plate substantially vertically, inserted toward the center of the circular waveguide, and arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction of the slot.
And a second probe that is provided on the dielectric plate in a direction parallel to the dielectric plate and that is inserted inside from the bonding surface of the rectangular waveguide. The primary radiator that does. 2. A slot provided on the end surface of the circular waveguide passes through the center of the circular waveguide, and the longitudinal direction of the slot is set to a length of about half a wavelength of a radio wave propagating in the circular waveguide. The primary radiator according to claim 1, wherein a distance between the slot and the first probe is set to a length of about ¼ wavelength of a radio wave propagating in the circular waveguide. 3. The slot is a rectangular longitudinal surface of the rectangular waveguide, the longitudinal direction of the slot is parallel to the tube axis of the rectangular waveguide, and the second probe is connected to the rectangular waveguide. A radio wave propagating in the rectangular waveguide with a distance between one of the end faces of the rectangular waveguide and the second probe being arranged so as to be inserted inside from a substantially central portion in the horizontal direction of the joining surface of the tube. 3. The primary radiator according to claim 1, wherein the primary radiator has a length of about 1/4 wavelength. 4. A circular polarization / linear polarization converter is provided between the opening in the circular waveguide and the first probe, and right-hand circular polarization and left-hand circular polarization are introduced from the opening. Then, one of the linear polarizations converted by the circular polarization / linear polarization converter is coupled to the first probe and the other of the linear polarizations converted by the circular polarization / linear polarization converter. Is output to the rectangular waveguide through the slot and coupled to the second probe, and a right-handed circular polarization signal or a left-handed circular polarization signal is output through the first probe and the second probe. The primary radiator according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein