JP3438760B2 - Microwave receiver - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention makes it possible to receive linear polarized waves of horizontal polarized waves and vertical polarized waves or circular polarized waves of right circular polarized waves and left circular polarized waves in common. The present invention relates to a microwave receiver in which a primary radiator and a signal processing unit such as a frequency conversion unit are integrated.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional feed horn capable of receiving both horizontally polarized waves and vertically polarized waves, as shown in FIG. 4, a circular waveguide is provided outside a terminating surface 42 of a circular waveguide 40. The rectangular waveguide 43 is arranged in a direction intersecting the tube axis of 40, the driving unit 44 is arranged on the outer surface of the rectangular waveguide 43, and the probe 41 provided on the end surface 42 is connected to the rectangular waveguide 43. The probe 41 is connected to the driving unit 44 by penetrating it.
Is rotated so that the direction of the probe 41 becomes parallel to the direction of the electric field of the polarized wave desired to be received among the horizontal polarized wave and the vertical polarized wave, and the linear polarized wave to be received is coupled to the probe 41. An electric wave is excited by the probe 41 inside the rectangular waveguide 43 to take out a received signal from the rectangular waveguide 43 and input it to the converter section. However, the conventional antenna for dual horizontal and vertical polarization using the feed horn requires the drive unit 44 for rotating the probe 41, and since the rectangular waveguide 43 is used for signal output, miniaturization is difficult. As a result, the input circuit to the converter becomes complicated, and the circular waveguide 40 is converted into the coaxial mode, and further converted into the waveguide mode to take out the received signal. There was a problem that a loss due to the mode conversion was generated.

[0003]

The present invention is easy to miniaturize, and the input circuit of the received signal from the primary radiator to the converter unit is made into a simple structure and easily integrated with the converter unit. Ku it aims to provide a microwave receiver capable to circularly or linearly polarized reception polarization received by simple changes.

[0004]

A microwave receiving device according to the first invention of the present application is provided with a circular waveguide portion provided with an opening for introducing a radio wave and a side surface in the middle of the circular waveguide portion. The antenna patch element, which is inserted into the inside of the circular waveguide section in a direction intersecting the tube axis of the circular waveguide section, has an antenna patch element and a first feeding conductor that feeds power to the antenna patch element. No. 1 printed circuit board and the first printed circuit board are arranged in parallel with the first printed circuit board at the end of the circular waveguide section, the circular waveguide section side is a ground conductor surface, and the back surface is a signal conductor surface. A slot is provided on the surface so as to be located substantially at the center of the circular cross section of the circular waveguide portion, and a second feeding conductor is provided on the signal conductor surface in a direction intersecting with the central portion of the slot. And a second printed circuit board, and the first or One of the second printed circuit board
Provided al is on a printed circuit board, said first or said second
Converter including a frequency converter, to which a power supply conductor is connected
Part and another printed circuit board without the converter part
Connecting means for transmitting a signal from the power feeding conductor to the converter section, and a shield covering the signal conductor surface of the second printed board and the portion exposed to the outside from the slit of the first printed board. It consists of a cover.

The microwave receiving device of the second invention of the present application is
The connecting means provides a metal chassis portion having a through hole between the first printed circuit board and the second printed circuit board on the side surface of the circular waveguide section. A second printed circuit board is supported by the metal chassis portion, and the first or the second printed circuit board is supported through the through hole.
Is the front of one of the second printed boards
The converter section and the other of the converter section not provided
It is composed of a coaxial line that connects to a power supply conductor of a printed circuit board .

A microwave receiver according to the third invention of the present application is
A portion of the first printed board, which is exposed from the circular waveguide on the side opposite to the surface on which the antenna patch element is provided, is used as a ground conductor surface, and a microstrip line is formed between the ground conductor surface and the first feeding conductor. A reception signal is transmitted to the connection portion of the coaxial line or the converter portion.

A microwave receiver according to the fourth invention of the present application is
The antenna patch element is composed of an antenna patch element for receiving linearly polarized waves, and the antenna patch element is arranged to feed power from the horizontal direction to the antenna patch element so that horizontal polarization and vertical polarization are obtained. On the other hand, one polarized wave is received and a received signal is transmitted by the first feeding conductor, the slot is set in the same direction as the feeding direction of the first feeding conductor, and the slot and the second feeding conductor are arranged. The other polarized wave is received and the received signal is transmitted through the second feeding conductor, the converter section switches the desired polarized wave, and the frequency conversion section performs frequency conversion.

The microwave receiving device of the fifth invention of the present application is
The antenna patch element is an antenna patch element for receiving a circularly polarized wave, and the first feeding conductor is arranged to feed power from the horizontal direction to the antenna patch element. Alternatively, each of the left-handed circularly polarized waves is converted into a linearly polarized wave, and one reception signal converted into the linearly polarized wave is transmitted through the first feeding conductor, and the other converted into the linearly polarized wave is transmitted from the antenna patch element. The slot is radiated, the slot is oriented in the same direction as the feeding direction of the first feeding conductor, and the slot and the second feeding conductor receive the other radiated linearly polarized wave to receive the received signal as the second signal.
The power is transmitted by the power feeding conductor, the circular polarization desired to be received is switched by the converter section, and the frequency is converted by the frequency conversion section.

The microwave receiver of the sixth invention of the present application is
A spacer having a predetermined thickness is arranged between the first printed board and the second printed board in the circular waveguide portion.

[0010]

In the first invention of the present application, when a linearly polarized wave receiving element is used as the antenna patch element, one of the horizontally polarized wave and the vertically polarized wave of the linearly polarized wave is received by the antenna patch element. The first feeding conductor of the first printed circuit board transmits the received signal, the other is coupled to the second feeding conductor of the second printed circuit board via the slot to receive the received signal, and the received signal is received by the second feeding circuit. It is transmitted by the power supply conductor. When an antenna patch element for circularly polarized wave reception was used, one of the circularly polarized right-handed polarized wave and the left-handed circularly polarized wave was converted into a linearly polarized wave by the antenna patch element and converted. First received signal
The second feeding conductor is transmitted through the slot and is converted into a linearly polarized wave having an electric field in a direction intersecting with the linearly polarized wave by the antenna patch element and radiated as the linearly polarized wave. To receive the signal and transmit the received signal through the second feeding conductor.

A shield cover for covering a portion of the first printed circuit board exposed from the slit and the signal conductor surface of the second printed circuit board is provided, and the converter unit including the frequency conversion unit is provided with the first or second converter unit. Provided on one side of the printed circuit board,
The power feeding conductor provided on the same board transmits one reception signal to the converter section, and the power feeding conductor and connecting means provided on the other board transmits the other reception signal to the converter section. Since the input circuit to the converter unit has a simple structure, the primary radiator and the converter unit can be easily integrated and downsized, and the antenna patch element can be straightened. With a simple change such as replacement for polarized wave reception or circular polarization reception, it becomes possible to use linear polarization reception or circular polarization reception.

According to a second invention, in the first invention of the present application, a through hole for supporting the first printed board and the second printed board is provided between the first printed board and the second printed board. The metal chassis part is provided, and the coaxial line connecting the power feeding conductor of one printed circuit board and the converter part provided on the other printed circuit board is provided through the through hole. Therefore, an input circuit to the converter part is provided. Can be downsized with a simple structure.

According to a third invention of the present application, in the first and second inventions of the present application, a portion exposed from the circular waveguide on the side opposite to the surface of the first printed board on which the antenna patch element is provided is a ground conductor surface. In addition, the microstrip line is configured between the first feeding conductor and the reception signal is transmitted to the connection portion of the coaxial line or the converter portion. Therefore, the signal received by the antenna patch element is efficiently transmitted. It becomes possible to do.

According to a fourth invention of the present application, in the first, second and third inventions of the present application, an antenna patch element for linearly polarized wave reception is used as the antenna patch element, and the first feeding conductor is an antenna patch. The antenna patch element is arranged to feed power in the horizontal direction, one of the polarized waves is received by the antenna patch element with respect to the horizontal polarized wave and the vertical polarized wave, and the received signal is transmitted by the first feed conductor, and the slot is set to the first slot. In the same direction as the power feeding direction of the power feeding conductor, the other polarization is received by the slot and the second power feeding conductor, the received signal is transmitted by the second power feeding conductor, and the desired polarization is received by the converter section. The frequency is converted and the frequency is converted by the frequency converter. Therefore, it is possible to select and receive a desired signal for horizontal polarization and vertical polarization.

In the fifth aspect of the present invention, the first and second aspects of the present invention
In the third invention, an antenna patch element for receiving circularly polarized waves is used as the antenna patch element,
The first feeding conductor is arranged so as to feed power from the horizontal direction to the antenna patch element, and the antenna patch element converts right-handed circular polarization or left-handed circular polarization into linear polarization, respectively, and converts into linear polarization. One of the received signals is transmitted by the first feeding conductor, the other of which is converted into a linearly polarized wave is radiated from the antenna patch element, the slot is oriented in the same direction as the feeding direction of the first feeding conductor, and the slot and the second The other linearly polarized wave is received by the power feeding conductor and the received signal is transmitted by the second power feeding conductor,
The converter section switches the circular polarization desired to be received and the frequency conversion section performs frequency conversion. Therefore, it is possible to select and receive the desired signal for right-handed circular polarization and left-handed circular polarization. It will be possible.

In the sixth invention of the present application, in the fifth invention of the present application, a spacer having a predetermined thickness is arranged between the first printed board and the second printed board in the circular waveguide section. , If the distance between the antenna patch element and the second feeding conductor of the second printed circuit board is too large, the antenna feeding element cannot be excited by the second feeding conductor, and if they are too close, the frequency characteristic becomes narrower. The thickness of the spacer is adjusted so as to obtain a desired characteristic, so that the linearly polarized wave from the antenna patch element can be coupled to the second feed conductor.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT FIG. 1 shows a first microwave receiving apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the embodiment of FIG. 2, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view seen from the side surface of FIG. 1. Examples will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. One end of the circular waveguide section 3 is used as an opening 1 for introducing a radio wave, a slit 22 is provided on an intermediate side surface of the circular waveguide section 3, and the slit 22 is oriented so as to intersect with the tube axis of the circular waveguide section 3. The printed circuit board 4 is inserted inside, and the printed circuit board 8 is arranged at the end of the circular waveguide portion 3 in a direction parallel to the printed circuit board 4. An antenna patch element 5 and a feeding conductor 6 that feeds power from the horizontal direction to the antenna patch element 5 are provided on the surface of the printed circuit board 4 on the side of the opening 1. The antenna patch element 5 has a circular waveguide portion 3 Of the slit 22 and the feeding conductor 6 are electrically insulated from each other by providing a gap between the end face of the slit 22 and the feeding conductor 6, and the reception signal received by the antenna patch element 5 is circularly guided by the feeding conductor 6. Output from the pipe section 3.

On the side of the circular waveguide 3 of the printed circuit board 8 is a ground conductor surface 9 having a slot 15, a back surface is a signal conductor surface 10, and the slot 15 is oriented in the same horizontal direction as the feeding direction of the feeding conductor 6. The antenna patch element 5 is arranged so as to overlap with the center thereof, and the signal conductor surface 10 on the back surface is provided with the feeding conductor 16 in a direction intersecting the center of the slot 15. Printed circuit board 4 in circular waveguide 3
A spacer 7 made of synthetic resin having a predetermined thickness is arranged between the printed circuit board 8 and the printed circuit board 8, and a converter section 23 having a frequency conversion section for converting a received signal into an intermediate frequency is arranged on the signal conductor surface 10. Has been done.

A metallic chassis portion 19 having a through hole 20 is provided between the printed circuit board 4 and the printed circuit board 8 on the side surface of the circular waveguide portion 3, and the printed circuit board 4 is formed by the chassis portion 19.
It also supports the printed circuit board 8. The printed circuit board 4 is provided with the through hole 14, the printed circuit board 8 is also provided with the through hole 17, and the through hole 14, the through hole 20, and the through hole 17 are arranged in a straight line, respectively, and connected to the power supply conductor 6. Thirteen
And a connecting portion 18 on the signal conductor surface 10 of the printed circuit board 8.
And the coaxial line 2 is provided between the connecting portion 13 and the connecting portion 18.
4 are connected to each other, and the reception signal received by the antenna patch element 5 is input to the converter unit 23 via the feeding conductor 6 and the coaxial line 24.

A shield cover 2 covering the portion of the printed circuit board 4 exposed from the slit 22 to the outside of the circular waveguide section 3 and the signal conductor surface 10 of the printed circuit board 8 and the chassis section 19 is provided to provide an electromagnetic shield. Then, the shield cover 2 is provided with the connector 12, the connector 12 and the signal conductor surface 10 of the printed circuit board 8 are connected, and the signal received by the converter unit 23 is output via the connector 12. Converter section 2
3 and the connector 12 may be arranged on the printed circuit board 4 side.

As shown in FIG. 1, the antenna patch element 5
For example, a circular linear polarization receiving device is used, and for example, an antenna patch element is used for the horizontal polarization or the vertical polarization of the linear polarization introduced from the opening 1 into the circular waveguide section 3. The horizontally polarized wave is received at 5, the received signal is transmitted at the feeding conductor 6, and is input to the converter unit 23 via the coaxial line 24. A portion of the printed circuit board 4 exposed from the circular waveguide portion 3 on the side opposite to the surface on which the antenna patch element 5 is provided is used as a ground conductor surface 11, and a microstrip line is formed between the ground conductor surface 11 and the feed conductor 6 to receive signals. Therefore, the horizontal polarization signal can be efficiently transmitted with less transmission loss. The vertically polarized wave introduced from the opening 1 passes through the antenna patch element 5 and reaches the ground conductor surface 9 of the printed circuit board 8, and the ground conductor surface 9
Is provided with a slot 15 having a longitudinal direction in a direction crossing the direction of the electric field of the vertically polarized wave. The vertically polarized wave is output through the slot 15 and coupled to the feeding conductor 16, and the vertically polarized wave is fed by the feeding conductor 16. Waves can be converted into electrical signals and transmitted.

The feeding conductor 16 constitutes a microstrip line between the grounding conductor surface 9 provided on the back surface and transmits the received signal. Therefore, the transmission loss is reduced and the vertically polarized signal is efficiently transmitted. Can be input to the converter unit 23. In the converter unit 23, an input switching circuit (not shown) is switched to select a signal desired to be received, perform signal processing such as frequency conversion, and output the signal via the connector 12. Therefore, the same microwave receiving device in which the primary radiator and the converter unit are integrated can select the horizontally polarized wave or the vertically polarized wave for reception processing.

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing a second embodiment of the microwave receiving apparatus of the present invention. In the figure, the same components as those shown in FIG. 1 are designated by the same symbols and their explanations are omitted. To do. The difference from the embodiment of FIG. 1 is that the antenna patch element 31
The point is that, for example, a pair of square diagonally cut diagonally and provided with a notch 33 for circular polarization reception. When the right-handed circularly polarized wave is incident on the antenna patch element 31, the intersection (center point) of the line connecting the diagonals of the antenna patch element 31 and the line connecting the centers of the hypotenuses of the cutout portion 33. A resonance current that resonates in the horizontal direction can be caused to flow therethrough, and the antenna patch element 31 can convert the right-handed circularly polarized wave into a linearly polarized wave signal. The power feeding conductor 32 feeding the antenna patch element 31 is oriented horizontally with respect to the antenna patch element 31.
The extension line of 2 is arranged so as to pass through the center point of the antenna patch element 31, so that it becomes possible to output a resonance current from the feeding conductor 32, and the antenna patch element 3
The linearly polarized signal converted in 1 can be transmitted by the feeding conductor 32.

When a left-handed circularly polarized wave is incident on the antenna patch element 31, the intersection of the line connecting the diagonals of the antenna patch element 31 and the line connecting the centers of the hypotenuses of the notch 33 (center) A resonance current that resonates in the vertical direction can be caused to flow therethrough, and the antenna patch element 31 can convert the left-hand circularly polarized wave into a linearly polarized signal. The antenna patch element 31 radiates the converted linearly polarized signal as linearly polarized light having an electric field direction in the vertical direction, and the slot 15 provided on the ground conductor surface 9 of the printed circuit board 8 has a linearly radiated longitudinal direction. Since the polarized wave is arranged so as to intersect with the direction of the electric field of the polarized wave, the linear polarized wave is coupled to the feeding conductor 16 via the slot 15, and the linear polarized wave is converted into an electric signal by the feeding conductor 16 and transmitted. be able to.

A synthetic resin spacer 7 having a predetermined thickness is arranged between the printed circuit board 4 and the printed circuit board 8 in the circular waveguide portion 3, and the antenna patch element 31 and the feeding conductor 16 of the printed circuit board 8 are arranged. If the distance is too large, the antenna patch element 31 cannot be excited by the feeding conductor 16, and if the distance is too close, the frequency characteristics become narrower. Therefore, the thickness of the synthetic resin spacer 7 is adjusted to obtain desired characteristics. Therefore, the received signal at the antenna patch element 31 can be coupled to the feeding conductor 16.

The signals transmitted by the power feeding conductor 32 and the power feeding conductor 16 are input to the converter section 23. In the converter section 23, an input switching circuit (not shown) is switched to select a signal desired to be received. Then, signal processing such as frequency conversion is performed and output through the connector 12. Therefore, the same microwave receiving device in which the primary radiator and the converter unit are integrated can select right-handed circular polarization or left-handed circular polarization for reception processing. Further, the antenna patch element can be made to receive linearly polarized wave or circularly polarized wave by simple modification such as exchanging the antenna patch element for linearly polarized wave reception or circularly polarized wave reception.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, a circular antenna patch element for linearly polarized wave reception is used.
The shape is not limited to this, and a square shape or the like generally used for receiving linearly polarized waves may be used. Further, as an antenna patch element for receiving circularly polarized waves, a shape with a pair of cutouts provided in the diagonal of a square is used, but it is not limited to this shape, and generally circularly polarized waves are used. It is also possible to use a circular shape used for reception of the above, which is provided with a notch for degenerate separation in the peripheral portions facing each other.

[0028]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Received signals are taken out by the power supply conductors provided on the respective printed circuit boards arranged in parallel to each other in the middle and end of the primary radiator, and the received signal of one power supply conductor is transmitted to the other printed circuit board using the coaxial line. However, the converter unit provided on the other printed circuit board switches the received signals from both power feeding conductors to perform the received signal processing. Therefore, the input circuit to the converter unit has a simple structure and the primary radiator is used. It becomes easier to integrate the converter and the converter, and it is possible to reduce the size, and a simple change to replace the antenna patch element for linear polarization reception or circular polarization reception allows It can be used for polarized wave reception and the cost can be reduced because the members can be used in common for linear polarization reception and circular polarization reception except the antenna patch element. It is possible.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a first embodiment of a microwave receiver of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view seen from the side surface of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing a second embodiment of the microwave receiver of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a conventional microwave receiver.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 opening 2 Shielding cover 3 Circular waveguide section 4 printed circuit boards 5 patch antenna element 6 feeding conductor 7 Spacer 8 printed circuit boards 9 Ground conductor surface 10 Signal conductor surface 11 Ground conductor surface 12 connector 13 Connection 14 through holes 15 slots 16 feeding conductor 17 Through hole 18 Connection 19 chassis 20 through holes 22 slits 23 Converter 24 coaxial lines 31 patch antenna element 32 feeding conductor 33 Notch

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A circular waveguide portion provided with an opening for introducing a radio wave, and a slit provided on an intermediate side surface of the circular waveguide portion is oriented in a direction intersecting with a pipe axis of the circular waveguide portion. The antenna patch element on the opening side surface, the first printed circuit board having the first feeding conductor for feeding the antenna patch element, and the end portion of the circular waveguide portion with the antenna patch element. Arranged in parallel with the first printed circuit board, the circular waveguide portion side serves as a ground conductor surface, the back surface serves as a signal conductor surface, and the center of the circular cross section of the circular waveguide portion is located on the ground conductor surface. A second printed circuit board having a slot provided so as to be located on the signal conductor surface, the second printed circuit board having a second power supply conductor provided in a direction intersecting the central portion of the slot on the signal conductor surface; of one of the printed circuit board
Provided al is on a printed circuit board, said first or said second
Converter including a frequency converter, to which a power supply conductor is connected
Part and another printed circuit board without the converter part
Connecting means for transmitting a signal from the power feeding conductor to the converter section, and a shield covering the signal conductor surface of the second printed board and the portion exposed to the outside from the slit of the first printed board. A microwave receiver including a cover. 2. The connection means provides a metal chassis portion having a through hole between the first printed board and the second printed board on the side surface of the circular waveguide portion, and the first and second printed circuit boards are provided. Supporting the printed circuit board and the second printed circuit board by the metal chassis part, and printing one of the first and second printed circuit boards through the through hole.
The converter section provided on the substrate and the converter section
The microwave receiving device according to claim 1, wherein the microwave receiving device comprises a coaxial line that is connected to a power supply conductor of the other printed circuit board that is not provided . 3. A microstrip between the first power supply conductor and a portion of the first printed board, which is exposed from the circular waveguide on the side opposite to the surface on which the antenna patch element is provided, is a ground conductor surface. The microwave receiving device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a line is configured to transmit a reception signal to a connection part of the coaxial line or the converter part. 4. The antenna patch element comprises an antenna patch element for linearly polarized wave reception, and the antenna patch element is horizontally polarized so that the first feeding conductor is fed from the horizontal direction to the antenna patch element. And one of the polarized waves with respect to the vertical polarized wave is received and the received signal is transmitted by the first feeding conductor, the slot is set in the same direction as the feeding direction of the first feeding conductor, and the slot and the first The other polarized wave is received by the second feeding conductor and the received signal is sent to the second
4. The microwave receiving device according to claim 1, wherein the microwave is transmitted by the power feeding conductor, the converter section switches the polarized wave desired to be received, and the frequency converting section carries out frequency conversion. 5. The antenna patch element is composed of an antenna patch element for receiving a circularly polarized wave, and the first feeding conductor is arranged to feed power from the horizontal direction to the antenna patch element. The right-handed circular polarization or the left-handed circular polarization is converted into linear polarization, and one received signal converted into linear polarization is transmitted through the first feeding conductor, and the other converted into linear polarization is transmitted. The received signal is radiated from the antenna patch element, the slot is oriented in the same direction as the feeding direction of the first feeding conductor, and the slot and the second feeding conductor receive the other radiated linearly polarized wave. 4. The microwave receiving device according to claim 1, wherein the second power feeding conductor is transmitted, the circular polarization desired to be received is switched by the converter section, and the frequency is converted by the frequency converting section. 6. The microwave receiving device according to claim 5, wherein a spacer having a predetermined thickness is arranged between the first printed board and the second printed board in the circular waveguide section. .