JPH04217437A - Assembling method for preload type double row ball bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To equally arrange plural balls of each row so as not to form a flaw and indentation on the race face of a bearing ring and the ball surface, at the assembly time of a preload type double row ball bearing. CONSTITUTION:A preload is reduced or eliminated because of the interval between the bearing face of both inner and outer rings and balls being spread based on the relative temperature difference, by providing a temperature difference imparting stage which imparts the relative temperature difference that the temperature of the following bearing ring is high and that of a ball is low between at least one part of the bearing ring of both inner and outer rings and the ball, prior to the equal allocation process allocating plural balls between the inner and outer rings at an equal interval along the raceway track, and the balls are allocated at an equal interval along the track in this state.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Application Field] This invention relates to a preload type double row ball bearing having negative clearances between the outer ring and a plurality of balls and between the plurality of balls and the inner ring after being assembled. The present invention relates to improvements in assembly methods, and particularly relates to a method for assembling a preload type double-row ball bearing in which a plurality of balls in each row are equally spaced to prevent scratches or impressions from being formed on the race surface or ball surface of the bearing ring.

0002

[Prior Art and Problems to be Solved by the Invention] (First Conventional Example) U.S. Patent No. 2,931,095 discloses a method for separating beads using an arrow-shaped jig for equal distribution and a method for assembling a cage. Although there is a disclosure regarding this, if this is applied as is to a preload type bearing, the preload force between the outer ring and the balls and between the balls and the inner ring will cause drag on the raceway surfaces of both the inner and outer rings and the surface of the balls during equal distribution work. There is a problem that scratches may occur, and the scratches generate noise and vibration, making it impossible to ensure the quality of the product. (Second Conventional Example) Furthermore, in U.S. Patent No. 3,532,401,
Although a preload type double row ball bearing and its assembly method are disclosed, there is no specific description of the equal distribution of the balls after assembly, and therefore the problem of the first conventional example is not solved here either. do not have. (Third conventional example) Also, JP-A-57-979
In the No. 14 publication, the balls are evenly distributed by applying a thrust force between the inner and outer rings to reduce the preload. However, since the thrust force tends to leave minute ball impressions on the raceway and ball surfaces, the problems of sound and vibration caused by these ball impressions in the first and second conventional examples have not been solved here either. There is a problem in that it is difficult to control the thrust force. (Fourth Conventional Example) Furthermore, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 39-3916 discloses a technique for assembling an inner ring, balls, and cage in advance into an outer ring that has been heated and expanded from one side for an angular contact ball bearing. Disclosed. However, the bearing disclosed herein is a single-row ball bearing, and this technology is difficult to apply to the assembly method for preloaded double-row ball bearings because the insertion distance becomes long and it becomes difficult to control the insertion. There are problems with fitting flaws and impressions occurring on the surface and ball surface during insertion. Therefore, like the first conventional example, there is a problem in that noise and vibration are generated. (Fifth Conventional Example) Furthermore, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-34724 only discloses that the balls are arranged with the inner ring being biased with respect to the outer ring. In other words, the inner ring is placed biased inside the outer ring and placed on a pedestal, a predetermined number of balls are inserted into the crescent-shaped gap formed at this time, and the outer ring and inner ring are placed almost concentrically. The balls are then fitted into the raceway grooves of the inner and outer rings. However, it is not disclosed that the bearing assembled in this conventional example is a preload type bearing, and therefore no specific means for equally distributing the balls when assembling the preload type double row ball bearing is disclosed. Therefore, in this conventional example, the problem of the formation of drag scratches and impressions when the balls are evenly distributed in the preload type double row ball bearing has not been solved. Therefore, this also has the same problems as the above-mentioned conventional examples. (Sixth Conventional Example) Furthermore, in the specification of US Pat. No. 3,340,590,
Although a method for dividing bearings using an arrow-shaped equidistribution jig has been disclosed, the target here is not a preload type bearing, and furthermore, it is not a double-row bearing, so the above-mentioned conventional examples are not applicable. The problem remains unresolved.

[0003] Therefore, the present invention aims to solve the problems that could not be achieved with the above-mentioned conventional techniques. During work, it prevents the balls from being dragged with preload applied between the raceway surfaces of both the inner and outer wheels, prevents scratches or impressions from being made on the balls and raceway surfaces, and produces high quality products without sound or vibration. The purpose is to assemble bearings.

0004

[Means for Solving the Problems] Therefore, in the method of assembling a preload type double row ball bearing according to the present invention, the inner ring is arranged biased inside the outer ring, and a plurality of balls are arranged in the gap formed between the inner and outer rings. a charging process in which balls are charged, an equal distribution process in which a plurality of balls are distributed at equal intervals along the raceway with the relative distance between the balls and the raceway surfaces of both the inner and outer rings being widened, and The preload type compound is assembled through a concentric arrangement step in which the inner and outer rings are arranged concentrically between the end of the placing step and the end of the equal arrangement step, and has a negative gap between the outer ring, a plurality of balls, and the inner ring. The method is based on the assembly method of a row ball bearing, and furthermore, before the equal distribution process, a relative temperature difference is provided between the balls and at least one raceway ring of both the inner and outer rings, where the temperature of the raceway ring is high and the temperature of the balls is low. This includes a temperature difference imparting step, and a temperature difference eliminating step, which applies a preload after equal distribution.

[0005] In the temperature difference providing step, a relative temperature difference may be further provided between one raceway ring and the other raceway ring, such that the temperature of the one raceway ring is high and the temperature of the other raceway is low. . Here, the order of the temperature difference imparting step, the equal distribution step, and the temperature difference eliminating step is as described herein, but the charging step may be performed in parallel with the temperature difference imparting step or before or after it. However, the concentric arrangement step after the charging step may be performed in parallel with the temperature difference providing step, either before or after it, or in parallel with the equal distribution step.

[0006]

[Effect]

In the temperature difference imparting step, a relative temperature difference is imparted between at least one raceway ring of both the inner and outer rings and the balls, in which the temperature of the raceway is higher and the temperature of the balls is lower, so that the distance between the raceway surfaces of both the inner and outer rings and the balls is increased. spreads, the preload is reduced or eliminated, and in this state the balls are distributed at equal intervals along the trajectory. Therefore, even with double-row ball bearings, there are no drag marks or impressions on the raceway surface (race) or balls. If the concentric arrangement step of arranging the inner and outer rings concentrically is easier to perform when the distance between the raceway surfaces of the inner and outer rings is widened, the concentric arrangement step may also be performed after the temperature difference providing step. good. At this time, this concentric arrangement step may be performed before or in parallel with the equal arrangement step. If a known comb-shaped jig is used for the equal distribution process, the time required for the equal distribution process will be short, and if the temperature difference is applied for that amount of time, the balls will be distributed evenly, so in this case In this case, a short time is sufficient for applying the temperature difference, and the temperature difference elimination process can be started immediately. When the temperature difference imparting means is heating, since the heating is for a short time, there is no risk of a decrease in the hardness of the metal or a dimensional change due to thermal changes.

[0007]

【Example】

First, the principle of this invention will be explained based on FIGS. 1, 2, 3, and 5. The explanation of this principle exemplifies a single row ball bearing, although it is preloaded. First, as shown in Fig. 5, the outer ring 2
The inner ring 3 is placed biased inside the ring, and a predetermined number of balls 4 are inserted into the crescent-shaped gap formed at that time. This is the charging process. Next, this ball bearing 1 is placed on the base 7 as shown in FIG. In this state, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a heating coil 8 of, for example, a high frequency induction heating device (oscillator, current transformer, etc. are not shown) is arranged around the outer ring 2 as a heating means. Heat the chili for a short time,
Thus, the outer ring 2 is expanded as shown by the chain line in FIG. This is the temperature difference imparting step.

[0008] Here, due to the expansion of the outer ring 2, the negative gaps between the outer ring 2 and the balls 4 and between the balls 4 and the inner ring 3 are either reduced or eliminated, resulting in a gap state. In this state, the outer ring 2 and the inner ring 3 are arranged substantially concentrically. This is the concentric arrangement process. As a result, the spacing between the raceway surfaces of the inner and outer rings becomes the same at any position.Now, each spacer part 5a of the jig 5 is inserted between the balls 4 while maintaining the concentricity, and the balls 4 are evenly spaced. Do the work. This is an equal distribution process.

[0009] The order of the temperature difference imparting step, the equal distribution step, and the temperature difference eliminating step is as described herein, but the charging step may be performed in parallel with the temperature imparting step or before or after it. Alternatively, the concentric arrangement step after the charging step may be performed in parallel with the temperature difference providing step, either before or after it, or in parallel with the equal distribution step. Next, the heating of the outer ring 2 by the heating coil 8 is stopped to return the outer ring 2 to room temperature, and the gaps between the outer ring 2 and the balls 4 and between the balls 4 and the inner ring 3 are made negative to apply preload. This is the temperature difference elimination process.

[0010]Heating by the heating coil 8 is 100 to 1 degrees Celsius.
The temperature is about 50 degrees, and the ball is heated in a short time and returned to normal temperature in a short time to prevent changes in hardness and dimensions of the balls 4 and the outer and inner rings 2 and 3. In the temperature difference elimination step, the temperature difference may be eliminated by allowing the temperature to return to room temperature and a predetermined preload may be applied, or forced cooling may be performed. In addition, in the above principle explanation, the method of heating the outer ring 2 was explained, but the inner ring may be cooled instead of or in parallel with this, and the balls may be cooled instead of or in parallel with this. You may.

Using the above principle, a first embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 6. This embodiment is an example of the present invention in which the above principle is applied to a preload type double row deep groove ball bearing. As shown in Fig. 6, preload type double row deep groove ball bearing 1
0 has two rows of balls 4 between an outer ring 11 and an inner ring 12. As shown in FIG. 4, this preload type double-row deep groove ball bearing 10 is also placed on a base 13, and two turns of a heating coil 14 of a high-frequency induction heating device are arranged around the outer ring 11.

The assembly operation of this preload type double row deep groove ball bearing 10 is also similar to that of the preload type single row deep groove ball bearing 1 explained above, and the inside of the outer ring 11 is removed during the charging process. The inner ring 12 is arranged in a biased manner, and a predetermined number of balls 4 are inserted into the crescent-shaped gap formed between the inner and outer rings. At this time, since this bearing is a double row bearing, the balls 4 in the upper row and the balls 4 in the lower row are arranged in advance so that they are in the same phase vertically and placed on the base 13. Then, in the temperature difference providing step, the two-turn heating coil 14 of the high-frequency induction heating device heats almost only the outer ring 11 and expands it as shown by the chain line in FIG. 4 and the inner ring 12 is reduced, or the negative gap is eliminated to create a gap state. Next, in a concentric arrangement step, the outer ring 11 and the inner ring 12 are arranged substantially concentrically. While maintaining the above-mentioned concentricity, the equal distribution process begins, and each spacer part 15a of the jig 15 is inserted between each ball 4, and the work of equally distributing the upper and lower balls 4 is performed at the same time, but the distance between the upper and lower rows of balls is If L is large, the equal distribution work may be performed one row at a time. At this time, the concentric arrangement step and the temperature difference providing step may be performed one row at a time.

[0013] Next, the process moves to a temperature difference elimination step, in which the heating of the outer ring 11 by the heating coil 14 is stopped.
1 is returned to room temperature, and the gaps between the outer ring 11 and the balls 4 and between the balls 4 and the inner ring 12 are made negative and a preload is applied. In this invention, it is sufficient to provide a gap between both the inner and outer wheels in the process of equally distributing the balls, so a temperature difference providing process is required before the process of equally distributing the balls, but the process of concentrically distributing the balls and other processes The context is the same as the principle described above.

Furthermore, in this first embodiment, the outer ring is heated and expanded to reduce or eliminate the negative gaps between the outer ring and the balls and between the balls and the inner ring. By cooling and shrinking the inner ring instead of or in parallel with the heating of the outer ring, the negative gap between the inner and outer rings and the balls can be reduced or eliminated, allowing smooth distribution work. You can also do this. In any case, it will be more effective if a step is provided to cool the balls before distributing them evenly. Furthermore, the same effect can be obtained even if the balls are contracted by cooling only the balls at substantially the same temperature for both the inner and outer wheels.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a second embodiment. This embodiment is an example of a preload type double row ball bearing of a type in which the contact lines 16, 16 of both rows intersect on the outside of the balls 4, that is, an outside crossing type. 17 in the figure is the intersection of the contact lines 16, 16. Here, the relationship between the distance L between the ball contact points on the outer ring 11 of each row forming a double row, the ball contact angle θ, and the diameter D of the ball contact point is tan
When θ<(D/L), the outer ring 11 is smaller than the inner ring 12 and balls 4.
is heated and expanded, and when tan θ>(D/L), the outer ring 11 is cooled and contracted more than the inner ring 12 and balls 4.

Furthermore, if the relationship between the distance La between the ball contact points in the inner ring 12 of each row, the ball contact angle θ, and the diameter Da of the ball contact points is tanθ>(Da/La), then the outer ring 11
and the inner ring 12 is heated and expanded more than the balls 4, and
When tanθ<(Da/La), the inner ring 12 may be cooled and contracted more than the outer ring 11 and the balls 4. This second embodiment is an example in which the preload force can be reduced, and the above relational expression is only a rough guide, but the amount of negative clearance, the ball diameter, the diameter dimension of the cross section of the raceway groove, the dimension between grooves, Since conditions such as the coefficient of thermal expansion, the state of heat transmission, and the temperature of the balls are also involved, the selection of which of the inner and outer wheels to heat or cool is determined according to the conditions. In other words, if the preload does not decrease but increases when either the inner or outer wheels are heated or cooled, the heating or cooling may be performed in the opposite direction. The above is an example of the outer cross type preload type double row ball bearing of the second embodiment, but the inner cross type preload type double row ball bearing where the contact lines of both rows intersect in the axial direction from the balls touching that line In the case of a ball bearing, it is not necessary to perform heating or cooling in reverse as in the second embodiment, and it is sufficient to perform either or both of heating the outer ring and cooling the inner ring.

It should be noted that the explanation of each step in each of these embodiments can be applied directly to the explanation of each step in the explanation of the principle described above.

[0018]

As explained above, according to the method for assembling a preload type double-row ball bearing according to the present invention, a temperature difference is provided between at least one raceway ring and the balls in the temperature difference providing step, and the inner and outer rings are By reducing or eliminating the preload between the raceway surface and the balls, we decided to distribute a plurality of balls in each row between the inner and outer rings at equal intervals along the track in the equal distribution process. During the work of equally distributing the balls, the preload between the outer ring and the balls and between the balls and the inner ring is reduced, and gaps are created, so there is no risk of creating drag scratches or impressions on the raceway surface or the balls. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of abnormal noise and vibration in the bearing, and it is possible to manufacture a high quality preload type double row ball bearing.

Furthermore, by creating a temperature difference between one raceway and the other raceway, the preload between the outer race and the balls and between the balls and the inner race is further reduced, so the above effect is further enhanced. It becomes sufficient.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the principle of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a first embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the bearing in the previous stage of the state shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the state before the equal distribution step of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a second embodiment of the invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Single row deep groove ball bearing 2,11 Outer ring 3,12 Inner ring ４　　　　　　　　balls 5,15 Jig 7,13 Base 8,14 Heating coil

Claims (2)

[Claims] Claim 1: A charging process in which the inner ring is placed biased inside the outer ring and a plurality of balls are inserted into the gap formed between the inner and outer rings, and the relative distance between the balls and the raceway surfaces of the inner and outer rings is adjusted. An equal distribution process in which a plurality of balls are distributed between the inner and outer rings in an expanded state at equal intervals along the track, and a process in which the inner and outer rings are arranged concentrically between the charging process and the end of the equal distribution process. In the method for assembling a preload type double row ball bearing, which is assembled through a concentric arrangement step and having a negative gap between an outer ring, a plurality of balls, and an inner ring, at least one of the inner and outer rings is assembled before the equal arrangement step. A temperature difference imparting process for imparting a relative temperature difference between the raceway ring and the balls, in which the temperature of the raceway is high and the temperature of the balls is low, and a temperature difference eliminating process of imparting a preload after equal distribution are provided. Features: Assembly method of preload type double row ball bearings. 2. The temperature difference providing step further includes providing a relative temperature difference between one raceway ring and the other raceway ring, in which the temperature of the one raceway ring is higher and the temperature of the other raceway ring is lower. The method for assembling a preload type double row ball bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: